Copy of `Vet Med - Veterinary glossary`

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Vet Med - Veterinary glossary Category: Agriculture and Industry > Veterinary terms Date & country: 20/01/2014, USA Words: 1662

glucocorticoid
A general term for drugs that act like the hormone, cortisol. Also called a corticosteroid.

glomerulus
The microscopic functional unit of the kidney. Disease of the glomeruli causes protein to leak into the urine.

glomerulonephropathy
Disease that begins in the glomerulus

glaucoma
Increase in ocular pressure in excess of 25 mm of Hg.

glomerular basement membrane
One component of the filtration barrier of the glomerulous, interposed between the lumen of the glomerular capillary and the urinary space.

glomerular filtration rate
The rate at which the glomeruli form filtrate from blood in glomerular capillaries. GFR correlates with renal function and to renal blood flow. Kidney disease and dehydration both result in a decrease in GFR.

gestation
The duration of pregnancy.

gestation
Pregnancy.

Gilt
a young swine which has not farrowed

gingiva
The gums.

gingivitis
Inflammation and swelling of the gums surrounding the teeth. The gingiva are normally pink and become red when inflamed.

glabrous
Hairless areas of skin.

glaucoma
Increased fluid accumulation in the eye causing increased pressure, pain and leading to blindness if untreated.

gait
The appearance of the animal as it is moving. The gait is evaluated for lameness, incoordination, dragging toenails, etc

gastric
Another term for stomach.

gelding
A castrated male llama.

genome
The total gene complement of a set of chromosomes.

germs
Microscopic organisms that can cause disease. May include bacteria and viruses.

frozen plasma
Plasma that has been separated from RBC after blood collection but not with the intent of preserving the labile coagulation factors. Used primarily to provide plasma protein in hypoproteiemic patients.

fungicide
A substance that kills fungi.

fungicide
Kills fungi

furuncle
A painful, nodular adcess in the skin.

FUS
Feline urologic syndrome. A collection of signs in cats resulting in blood in the urine, straining to urinate, and urinating in abnormal locations. The more current term is feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD).

free stall barn
Housing for cattle where cows can freely enter unoccupied stalls. Most common housing barn in the Northwest.

frenulum
A piece of tissue that maintains adhesion between the penis and prepuce.

fresh frozen plasma
Plasma that has been separated from the RBC shortly after blood collection and then frozen. Coagulation factors are preserved in this blood product.

freshening
Parturition, calving.

frontline spray
Generic name is Fipronil.

food poisoning
An adverse reaction to a food caused by a direct effect of a toxin.

forage
A legume or grain feed.

forage
Plants or plant parts fed to, or grazed by, domestic animals. Forage may be fresh, dry or ensiled (i.e., pasture, green chop, hay, haylage). Often used interchangeably with roughage.

fourth membrane
Also called epidermal membrane. A membrane that covers the cria entirely at birth.

fracture
Break in a bone.

free mating
free mating Also called paddock mating. A single male is introduced with a band of females.

folliculitis
Superficial bacterial dermatitis associated with the hair follicle.

fomite
A vector of disease transmission that has no part in the pathogen's life cycle. A contaminated milking towel that spreads disease from cow to cow with each subsequent use is a fomite.

food hypersensitivity
An allergy. An adverse reaction to food with a proven immunologic basis.

food intolerance
An adverse reaction to food that does not have a proven immunologic basis.

fly strike
Cutaneous myiasis. A result of cutaneous parasitism by larvae of flesh flies, blow flies and/or the screwworm fly.

follicle
Structures on the ovary that contain the eggs.

follicle stimulating hormone
FSH has the primary responsibility for promoting growth of follicles on the ovaries.

follicle stimulating hormone
Promotes growth of follicles on the ovaries.

follicular cycle
The series of events that occur when the ovary produces a follicle (an egg) and the follicle goes through a series of changes.

fluorescein stain
A stain applied to the cornea to assess for corneal and conjunctival epithelial defects or to assess the patency of the nasolacrimal ducts.

fluoroscopy
A type of radiograph (x-ray) in which motion can be seen.

flushing
Increasing the feed amount and/or quality (energy intake) prior to mating to increase the ovulation rate.

FLUTD
Feline lower urinary tract disease. A collection of signs in cats resulting in blood in the urine, straining to urinate, and urinating in abnormal locations. The older term is feline urologic syndrome (FUS).

flow sheets
Flow sheets are records of patient data over time. These may include a tabular summary of laboratory test results, vital signs or drugs administered.

fluid therapy
Fluid therapy is broadly defined to include the administration of many types of fluids including crystalloids and colloids. Fluid therapy may be given to prevent or correct fluid deficits or electrolyte abnormalities. Correct water imbalance from excessive fluid loss or inadequate intake Hemorrhage Vomiting Diarrhea Polyuria Expand blood volume - shock Correct electrolyte imbalance(s) Correct acid-base imbalance Supply blood components Supply calories and nutrients Renal disease - promote renal blood flow

flow sheets
A table or chart that allows one to easily see the trends over time in numerical values.

fipronil
Trade name is Frontline. A phenylpyrazole insecticide which acts as a neurotoxin.

fissure
Splitting of the skin surface.

flatulence
Passing gas from the intestinal tract. May be a sign of disease of the small intestine.

flehmen
A curling of the upper lip or open mouth behavior which is a normal mating behavior in the male alpaca and llama.

finasteride
Proscar

fetus
The later stages of development of a baby before birth.

fibrosis
Scarring.

fibro-vascular membranes
Cats with uveitis form fibro-vascular membranes due to chronic inflammation. Chronic uveitis that smolders for a long time causes these membranes to form on the iris and they eventually block the drainage angle causing glaucoma.

figure of 8 suture pattern
A suture pattern used on wedge resections of the lower eyelid. It gives good apposition and the eyelid eyelid margin remains continuous.

fertilization
The process of sperm combining with eggs(ova.

fertilization rate
The percentage of females bred that get pregnant. A 90% fertilization rate means that 9 out of 10 females bred get pregnant.

fetal
Refers to a puppy or kitten before birth.

fetotomy
Cutting a dead fetus into parts to allow removal of the pieces from the dam.

fetus
Refers to prior to being born.

feline
Cat.

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus
A virus that chronically suppresses the immune system of cats resulting in secondary infectons.

feminization
A male showing signs of being under the influence of the female hormone, estrogen.

fenoxycarb
An insect growth regularor recently withdrawn from the market.

fentanyl patches
A sticky patch impregnated with the narcotic fentanyl which is applied topically for sustained release and absorption of the drug.

fertility
Capable of conceiving and bearing offspring.

feed grade
Term to describe the quality of feedstuffs suitable for animal, but no human, consumption.

feed processing
Physical or chemical changes in feedstuffs which influence their nutritional value.

feedstuff
An edible material that contributes nutrients to animals' diets.

feed efficiency
A ratio describing the amount of feed required per unit of production (grain, milk, eggs).

FDIU
Field Disease Investigative Unit

fecal-oral transmission cycle
A cycle of disease spread where the pathogen is shed in the sick animal's feces and infects other animals when they ingest something contaminated by the infected feces.

feces
Another word for solid wastes (stool).

feed additives
Products added to basic feed mixes to improve the rate and/or efficiency of gain, prevent certain diseases, or preserve feeds.

fat
A term used in a general sense to refer to both fats and oils. Fat supplied 2.25 times as much energy as carbohydrates. Both fats and oils share the same general structure and chemical properties, but have different physical properties, i.e., oils are liquid at room temperature.

fat corrected milk
Adjustment of milking production records to reflect the energy cost of fat production.

fat soluble vitamins
Includes vitamins A, D, E and K. Vitamins A, D and E are supplemented in many livestock rations. Fat soluble vitamins are stored in body fat reserves.

farrow
To give birth.

farrowing area
Where the sow furrows.

Farrow
to give birth

extracelluar fluid
Includes fluid around cells and in the plasma. Comprises 1/3 of total body water.

extracranial
Outside of the head.

eyelid agenesis
Born without part of the upper eyelids

facial fold trichiasis
Seen in brachycephalic breeds that have a large facial fold and the hair from the facial fold touches the medial aspect of the cornea.

exposure
Exposure does not equal poisoning, it is the dose. If you smell ammonia you have been exposed but you have not been poisoned with ammonia gas.

exophthalmos
Bulging of the eye. May be due to a space-occupying lesion that pushes the eye forward or may be a specific breed attribute (e.g. Pekingnese dogs).

ether extract laboratory test
A test to measure the total fat content of a feed.

ethyl lactate
Etiderm

excoriation
Superficial loss of the epidermis caused by physical damage such as scratching.

exenteration
Removal of the entire orbital contents, the globe and everything within the orbit.

estrus
The time of receptivity, when the bitch accepts the male for breeding.

estrous cycle
Describes all parts of the heat cycle whereas estrus is just the stage of the heat cycle during which the female is receptive to the male.

estrus
A stage in the reproductive cycle of the female dog and cat, also known as heat.

estrus
The time of the estrous cycle during which the bitch is receptive to the male.

estrous
Refers to the entire reproductive cycle compared to estrus which refers to the phase of the cycle that follows proestrus.

essential host
Humans are an essential element of the organisms life cycle. Example: Taeniasis - cysticercosis.