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Vet Med - Veterinary glossary Category: Agriculture and Industry > Veterinary terms Date & country: 20/01/2014, USA Words: 1662

medication administration record
A type of flow sheet on which one records drugs, doses and administrations.

medication administration record
A flow sheet charting medications given to a patient over time.

megaesophagus
A pathologically dilated esophagus.

megestrol acetate
Ovaban

Meibomian gland adenoma
A benign tumor of the Meibomian glands.

mature follicle
A large follicle on the ovary that secretes estrogens that make the female receptive and will be able to respond to mating by ovulating.

meconium
Fetal manure.

mastitis
Inflammation of the mammary gland caused by a bacterial agent.

mature equivalent
A cow reaches maturity at 7 years of age (5th lactation) and thus records can be adjusted for what her production is expected to be at maturity. Allows comparison among herd mates at different ages.

master problem list
A list of all the problems shown by a patient. The master problem list is dynamic and may expand over time.

malignancy
Cancer.

malignant
A cancer that has high possibility for spread.

mammary
Breast

mammary gland
The udder or breast.

malassezia pachydermatis
A budding yeast considered part of the normal flora of the external ear canal. M ay become pathologic in certain situations. Formerly called Pityrosporum canis.

maiden ewe
A ewe lambing for the first time.

maiden female
A female that has not been bred.

maintenance phase
A phase of acute renal failure following initiation during which oliguria persists. Whether an ARF patient is oliguric or polyuric reflects the severity of insult which caused ARF. The majority of ARF dogs and cats become oliguric although some ARF patients are never oliguric. In those patients which can repair the renal damage, the oliguric phase lasts 1-2 weeks. Many animals die or are euthanized during the oliguric phase because of the poor prognosis. The most life-threatening consequences of the oliguric phase include hyperkalemia and overzealous fluid therapy resulting in overhydration.

magnetic resonance imaging
A very strong magnet is used to produce a 3 dimensional picture of a structure in the body. MRI is a good method to look inside the skull to see the brain.

macro minerals
Minerals required in relatively large amounts by livestock. Includes calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) magnesium (Mg), potassium (K) chlorine (Cl), sulfur (S) and sodium (Na).

macule
A circumscribed, flat (not raised or depressed) change in the color of the skin. Large macules are patches.

magnetic resonance image
A diagnostic technique that produces computerized images of internal body structures. MRI uses a large magnet to polarize hydrogen atoms in the tissues and then monitors the spinning energies within cells.

lymphoid organs
Organs that regulate the production and differentiation of lymphocytes. The main lymphoid organ are the salivary glands, the thymus, the spleen, and the bone marrow.

lymphoma
A cancer of the lymph glands.

lyophilized
Freeze dried

MacKenzie Brush technique
This technique employs a sterile toothbrush to comb the hair coat of an animal suspected to be a carrier of dermatophytes. The bristles of the brush are then embedded or shaken over agar for culture.

lufeneron
Program

luteinising hormone
LH causes ovulation of ovarian follicles. LH is also believed to be involved in testicular descent into the scrotum.

luteinizing hormone
A hormone that causes ovulation of the follicles on the ovary.

luteinizing hormone
Causes ovulation of the follicles on the ovary.

luteinizing hormone
LH causes ovulation of ovarian follicles. LH is also believed to be involved in testicular descent into the scrotum.

lochia
Green colored post-partum discharge. The appearance of lochia before delivery indicates placental separation and impaired blood flow to the fetuses.

lochia
The vaginal discharge that appears post-delivery and in the bitch is green colored

loratidine
Claritan. An antihistamine.

loafing area
Area of farm, often associated with free stalls and milking barn where animals are free to exercise and move voluntarily.

lipoxygenase
5 lipoxygenase breaks down arachidonic acid to form the leukotrienes. The leukotrienes mediate activation and margination of neutrophils, altered vascular permeability, and promotion of gastric ulceration or degenerative joint disease.

liquid protein supplement
A protein product usually containing molasses, urea, added vitamins and trace minerals; particularly useful in pasture feeding.

lipids
Substances found in plant and animal tissues that are insoluble in water, but soluble in benzene or ether. Includes fats, oils, glycolipids, phosphoglycerides, waxes and steroids.

lipid
A group of fats.

linear immunoglobulin A dermatosis
Clinically presents as subcorneal pustules, epidermal collarettes, etc. generally truncal in distribution. Most often seen in the dachshund.

limbus
Junction between conjunctiva and cornea.

libido
Sexual desire

lichenification
Thickening of the skin.

lichenification
Thickening, hardening and often hyperpigmentation of the skin.

lidocaine
A drug used as a local anaesthetic and as an antiarrhythmic agent in treatment of certain cardiac arrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation.

limbic system
A group of brain structures which exert an important influence on the endocrine and autonomic motor system's and which influence (emotion) mood states.

lethargy
Malaise or inactivity.

leukocytosis
High white blood cell count.

leukopenia
Low white blood cell count.

leukotriene
Substances derived from arachidonic acid in cell membranes that mediate allergic responses.

levator palpebrae superioris
Muscle in the upper lid that elevates the upper eyelid. It is innervated by cranial nerve 3, the oculomotor nerve.

libido
Sex drive.

lens
Structure in the eye which functions to transmit and focus incoming light rays directly on the retina; this is facilitated by accommodation - the subtle change in lens shape brought about by contraction and relaxation of the ciliary body; the accommodative ability of the lens is limited in domestic species.

lens capsule
A clear elastic membrane surrounding the lens body.

lens luxation
Primary or secondary displacement of the lens either anterior into pupil or anterior chamber or posterior into the vitreous chamber.

lecithin
Phospholipids found widely in animals and plants,(e.g. egg yolk) that have emulsifying, wetting, and antioxidant properties.

Lateral recumbant
Laying down on the side.

lagophthalmos
Inability to fully close the eyelids over the eyeball.

lamb bed
Uterus.

laparotomy
A surgical procedure to open the abdominal (belly) cavity.

larynx
The voicebox. The larynx closes during swallowing to keep food out of the airways.

latency
A virus which remains hidden and does not cause disease but which may reactivate and cause clinical signs of disease at a later time.

lactation curve
A graphic plot of days in milk vs. pounds of milk produced.

lactogenic immunity
A form of local immunity in milk (post colostrum) that bathes the intestinal tract and prevents colonization by virulent bacteria and neutralized viruses passing through the gut.

lacrimal system
Consists of 2 glands that produce the aqueous tear film component, one in the dorsolateral orbit and one on the bulbar surface of the nictitans. Tears flow through the nasolacrimal duct to the nose

lactate
To produce milk

lactated ringer's solution
Lactated ringer's solution is one of the most common crystalloid solutions used in a small animal practice. It has an osmolality comparable to extracellular fluid, so it is considered an isotonic solution. Most lactated Ringer

lactation
The time a cow is producing milk.

Koch
Used in infectious diseases to determine if the parasite will cause disease. The traditional criteria used are as follows:The organism must be regularly isolated from cases of the disease. The organism must be grown in pure culture or free of the animal host. Such a pure culture should cause disease upon inoculation into susceptible animal. The same organisms must be re-isolated from the experimentally induced disease.

keratotomy
Removal of part of the thickness of the cornea.

ketoacidosis
A form of diabetes mellitus in which the pet has increased amounts of acids in the blood and is very sick.

ketoconazole
Nizoral-Janssen. An oral treatment for dermatophytes.

killed vaccine
A vaccine that contains antigen of the infectious agent that has been killed by chemical or physical means and does not replicate in the host.

keratoconjunctivitis sicca
Reduced tear production: dry eye.

keratoconjunctivitis sicca
Dry eye which may be a consequence of prior exposure and infection with canine distemper virus.

keratitis
Inflammation of the cornea.

KCS
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Dry eye.

kemp
Non-wool hair fibers in the fleece.

keratic precipitates
Clusters of inflammatory cells on the back (endothelial surface) of the cornea.

keratin
A cystine rich protein produced by the epithelial cells.

keratinization disorders
Cutaneous disorders characterized by scaling.

keratitis
Inflammation of the clear part of the eye, the cornea.

juveniles
An immature weaned llama.

juvenile cellulitis
Moist juvenile Pyoderma or Puppy strangles. Lesions of erythema, draining tracts, alopecia, and edema of the chin, lips, ears and eyelids seen in puppies less than 6 months old. Lesions are located on the muzzle and head, although abdominal, axillary and inguinal regions can be affected.

juvenile cellulitis
An inflammatory disease of young (less than 4 months) puppies, characterized by inflammation and severe edema of the face, muzzle, periocular skin, and ears.

jugular
A large vein on the bottom surface of the neck that may be used to collect blood samples or to place catheters.

jejunum
The longest part of the small intestinal tract.

Jen Chung
An acupunture technique also referred to as governing vessel 26 which causes sympathetic stimulation.

joining
Putting the rams and ewes together for mating. Tupping is the same thing.

joule
A unit adopted by Systeme International (SI) for expressing energy. The Joule is more commonly used in Europe than in North America (4.184J = 1 calorie).

Itraconazole
Sporanox-Janssen. An oral treatment for dermatophytes.

ivermectin
Trade name is Ivomec. Marketed by Meriel.

IVMA
Idaho Veterinary Medical Association

IVSA
International Veterinary Student Association

jaundice
Yellow discoloration due to the accumulation of abnormal amounts of bilirubin. Jaundice is seen in non-haired parts of the body; white parts of the eyes, inside the mouth and ears and on the belly. Also called icterus.

isotretinoin
(Accutane-Roache. A retinoids which is a synthetic derivatives of vitamin A.

isosthenuria
Urine with the same specific gravity as glomerular filtrate indicating that the renal tubules have performed no work to either concentrate or dilute glomerular filtrate. There are also non-renal causes of isosthenuria.

isothermalizer
Part of the Equitainer semen container system.

isotonic
Isotonic or iso-osmotic fluids have the same tonicity or osmolality as does extracellular fluid, which in the dog and cat is approximately 280-310 mOsm/l.

isotonic dehydration
Dehydration characterized by the loss of water and electrolytes in a ratio similar to extracellualar water. Dogs and cats most often have isotonic dehydration as water and electrolytes are lost.