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Vet Med - Veterinary glossary Category: Agriculture and Industry > Veterinary terms Date & country: 20/01/2014, USA Words: 1662

estrogen
Female hormone produced by follicles on the ovary.

estrogen
The hormone that makes a female receptive to the male.

essential amino acids
Amino acids that must be supplied in the diet, as the animal either cannot synthesize them or cannot synthesize them in sufficient quantities to meet requirements.

esophagus
A muscular tube leading from the mouth to the stomach.

epitope
The site on a bacteria that specific antibody recognizes and binds to.

equitainer
A container originally designed for shipping horse semen; also used to maintain temperature control of semen from other species.

erythema multiforme
An acute, self-limiting eruption of the skin and mucous membranes characterized by distinctive gross lesions and a diagnostic sequence of pathologic changes.

erythrocyte
Red blood cell.

escape rhythm
When the SA node is firing at an abnormally slow rate, another location in the heart takes over pacing the heart. This may be the AV node or a ventricular focus.

epidural anesthesia
Injection of an anesthetic agent into the space outside the dura mater of the spinal cord.

epilate
Removing hair.

epinephrine
A vasopressor drug which via alpha stimulation increases systemic vascular resistance and improves coronary and brain blood flow.

epiphora
Excessive tearing.

epistaxis
Bloody nose.

epithelial cells
Cells that line the surface of an organ such as the epithelial cells lining the vagina.

epidermis
The outer most layer of skin which is made of sequential layers called the stratum corneum, stratum granulosa, stratum spinosum, stratum basalie, and basal lamina.

epididymis
A structure that is connected to the testicles and stores sperm prior to ejaculation.

epididymis
A convoluted, tubular structure connected to the testes that stores sperm.

epididymitis
Inflammation of the epidiymis often resulting in infertility in rams.

epidemiologists
Scientists that study disease in its natural habitat, rather than in a controlled laboratory environment.

epidemiology
The study of disease progression.

epidemiology
The study of health and disease in populations of animals.

epidermal membrane
Also called the fourth membrane. A membrane that covers the cria entirely at birth.

epidermis
The top layer of skin above the dermis.

enzyme linked immunosorbant assay
An immunologic test that uses enzyme linked antiglobulins.

enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
An immunological technique for measuring the amount of a substance such as antibody or antigen in blood.

enzymes
A substance that makes a chemical process faster. For example digestive enzymes break down food to hasten the process of digestion.

eosinophil
A type of white blood cell observed in increased numbers in allergies.

environmental history
This includes a travel history of the animal, a description of the home environment, the percentage of time the patient spends indoors vs outdoors, and the presence of other pets in the household.

environmental mastitis
Mastitis caused by coliforms and environmental Streptococci.

enucleation
Removing the eye from the orbit: leaves most of the orbital contents behind.

entropion
Inversion or turning inward.

enterotoxigenic E. coli
A specific strain K99 that attaches to intestinal cells and causes a hypersecretory diarrhea.

enterotoxemia
A highly fatal disease related to the proliferation of gram negative organisms in the intestine of susceptible animals.

enterotoxemia
Clostridial disease whre organisms produce a toxin that causes a gangrene or necrotizing affect to the small intestinal tract of the animal.

enteric
A pathogen that is related to E. coli.

enteropatogenic E. coli
Specific strains of E. coli that attach very tightly to gut wall and secrete various toxins, causing both excess secretion and malabsorption as well as general systemic effects on the calf.

enteral
Delivery of drugs or nutrients to the intestianl tract by deposition in the mouth, stomach or jejunum.

energy
A nutrient essential for maintenance, growth, production and reproduction. Energy is required in larger amounts than any other nutrient except water, and is often the limiting factor in livestock production.

energy terminology
Gross Energy (GE) The total combustible energy in a feed, determined by measuring the amount of heat produced when a feed sample is completely burnt in a bomb calorimeter.

enophthalmos
Retraction of globe into the orbit resulting in a sunken eye.

end-tidal CO2
Monitoring CO2 of exhaled gases provides information about the patient's approximate CO2 levels and is an indirect indicator of cardiac output and blood flow.

endotoxin
A substance released from some types of bacteria in the intestine that when absorbed into the blood causes fever and shock called endotoxic shock.

endoscopy
Passing an instrument into a cavity to see the insides.

endothelial dystrophy
An inherited condition seen mainly in older dogs characterized by death of endothelial cells allowing water to enter the stroma resulting in permanent edema.

endothelium
The epithelial cells lining the inside of a blood vessel.

endotoxemia
A type of shock caused by absorbing endotoxin which is released from some types of bacteria in the intestine when those bacteria die.

endemic disease
An infection that is engrained in a particular area.

endocrine
The body system that produces hormones. Endocrine organs include the pancreas, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, and adrenal glands. Diseases of the endocrine system may lead to the production of too much or too little hormone.

endometritis
Uterine inflammation or infection due to bacteria or fungi.

endoparasites
They live within the animal.

endoscope
A long, flexible lighted tube used to see inside structures.

embryo
The early stages of development of a baby in the uterus.

embryonic vesicle
The sac containing the embryo which later in pregnancy develops into a fetus.

emesis
A synonym for vomiting.

emollient
A softening agent.

encephalitis
Inflammation of the brain.

end stage renal disease
Advanced, irreversible chronic renal disease. Also a non-specific histologic finding on renal biopsy that may be the end result of renal disease of any etiology.

electrolytes
A general term for sodium, potassium, chloride and magnesium.

electroretinography
A diagnostic technique used to evaluate the function of the photoreceptors, specifically used to diagnose retinal degeneration.

elizabethan collar
A large plastic collar that is placed over the head of a dog or cat. It has a cone shape and is used to keep them from licking or chewing on themselves.

emaciation
Severe weight loss. Extremely thin. Also called cachexia.

electroejaculation
Using an electrical stimulus to cause the male to ejaculate semen.

electrocardiography
A test that measures the electrical activity of the heart. ECG or EKG.

ejaculate
The movement of semen through the urethra to outside the penis.

ejaculation
The ejection of sperm from the penis.

edema
The presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid in the interstitial tissue spaces of the body. Edema fluid may accumulate in the subcutaneous tissues, peritoneal cavity (ascites), pleural cavity (hydrothorax) or pericardial sac (hydropericardium).

edema
The accumulation of fluid in abnormal locations in the body.

edema
The abnormal accumulation of fluid in a tissue or cavity.

ectopic
In an abnormal location.

ectopic cilia
Abnormal eyelashes originating from the upper lid on the conjunctival side, usually just a few millimeters in from the eyelid margin, about mid way along the upper lid.

eclampsia
Low blood calcium occuring in female dogs and cats at the end of gestation, or more commonly during early lactation. Small breed dogs are more commonly affected. Low calcium causes signs of muscle tetany.

ECP
A type of estrogen sometimes used to mismate.

ectoparasites
Parasites that reside on the skin.

ectoparasites
They live outside of the body. Many of the arthropod parasites are ectoparasites; they land on your skin and cause an infestation.

dyspnea
Difficulty breathing.

dystocia
A problem birth.

dystocia
Difficult birth.

dystocia
Difficulty giving birth. Maternal or fetal factors may cause dystocia.

dysuria
Difficulty urinating.

echocardiography
An ultrasound exam of the heart. Passing sound waves through the heart to see the internal structure of the heart. A plain radiograph (x-ray) only shows the shape of the heart but not its internal structure.

dry period
A period of 45-60 days when lactation is halted before the next lactation begins. The dry period is required for rejuvenation of secretory parenchyma.

duodenum
The portion of the intestine directly attached to the stomach.

dysmature cria
A cria that has developed too slow inside the uterus. They are born weak and lacking vigor.

dysphagia
Difficulty eating and swallowing.

dysphoria
Agitation or restlessness.

dry matter basis
An expression of feed nutrient content after the moisture has been removed by drying. Used to compare nutrient composition or animal intake of feeds differing in moisture content.

dry matter
Feed residue left after all moisture has been removed by drying (i.e., 100% dry matter).

dry cow therapy
Antibiotic therapy given at the onset of the nonlactating period of the cow. It is intended to cure and protect against intramammary infection.

dry cow therapy
To control mastitis, administer antibiotic therapy during the dry period.

drove/droving (Australian)
To move sheep.

draft
Separate sheep into groups.

Dr. Lawrence Weed
A physician who developed the problem oriented medical record and problem oriented approach to patient care in the 1960's.

doxapram
A respiratory stimulant. No longer recommended for use in CPR.

dominant follicle
The largest follicle on the ovary that secretes hormones that will suppress the other follicles so that the female will have only one egg and will prevent twinning.

Domboro's solution
Aluminum acetate solution. A topical drying agent (astringent).

diuretics
Drugs that increase the amount of urine produced.

distichiasis
An extra row of cilia or eyelashes grow from the meibomian gland openings on the eyelid margin.

disease triangle
Interactions between the host, the pathogen, and the environment.

disinfectant
A germicidal chemical that destroys microorganisms and the potential infectivity of a material.