Copy of `Vet Med - Veterinary glossary`

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Vet Med - Veterinary glossary Category: Agriculture and Industry > Veterinary terms Date & country: 20/01/2014, USA Words: 1662

amino acids
Nitrogen-containing compounds that are the building blocks from which protein are made.

amiodarone
A class III antiarrhythmic drug.

amitraz
Mitaban

amlodipine
A long-acting calcium channel blocker that is the drug of choice for management of hypertension in cats.

amnion
The inner most layer of the membrane surrounding the embryo in the uterus. The sac formed by this membrane contains amniotic fluid.

alveolus
Microscopic sac-like structures within the lung. The airways terminate in these sac-like structures. When blood in the lung contacts the alveoli, the blood takes up oxygen and empties waste gases that will be removed during breathing.

aluminum hydroxide
An adjuvant which is a common component of killed vaccines, included to increase the ability of the vaccine to stimulate an immune response.

alopecia
Loss of hair.

all in, all out management system
A management system where the entire population is removed from a single area, the area is thoroughly cleaned and disinfected, and then the pigs are moved back in.

allergic contact dermatitis
Dermatitis caused by caustic or irritating substances. No prior sensitization is required.

allodynia
Pain from a stimulus that would normally be non-painful.

alkaline phosphatase
Also known as serum alkaline phosphatase (SAP). An enzyme found in many tissues but most often elevated in serum in response to cholestasis, bone remodeling or glucocorticoid excess.

albumin
A small protein in blood that acts like a

aldosterone
A hormone produced by the adrenal gland that is responsible for salt and water balance in the body.

alimentary
Another term for the gut or intestinal tract. The alimentary tract runs from the mouth, through the esophagus to the stomach, duodenum, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus.

agonist
A drug which when attached to a receptor causes an effect.

AIDS defining diseases
If a person is HIV+ and is diagnoses with one of several disease conditions, by definition the person has AIDS. Included among the AIDS defining diseases are several zoonotic diseases (toxoplasmosis, cryptosporidiosis).

alanine aminotransferase
Also known as serum alanine aminotransferase (SALT). An enzyme found in hepatocytes (liver cells) released with cellular injury including cellular hypoxia.

agglutination
An abnormal clumping of red blood cells. Often seen in patients with immune-mediated anemia.

age specific data base
The minimum amount of information that is planned to be collected on all patients of a certain age; for example pediatric or geriatric databases.

aerobic bacteria
Bacteria that grow only when oxygen is present.

adverse reaction to food
An abnormal clinical response attributed to an ingested food or food product.

adverse event
Any undesirable occurrence, either injury or death, following the use of an immunobiological product

adrenal gland
A gland located close to the kidneys that produces several hormones including cortisol.

adrenaline
Also known as epinephrine. A hormone that stimulates the heart and increases blood pressure.

adrenergic
Drugs that mimic the action of the sympathetic nervous system.

adhesions
When structures that are not normally bound together become stuck to one another.

adhesions
Two surfaces that are stuck together.

adjuvant
A component added to killed vaccines to increase the ability of the vaccine to stimulate an immune response.

adjuvants
Aluminum derivatives that are added to killed vaccines to generate more of an immune response than the killed vaccine alone would.

adnexa
Structures bound to the skin such as sebaceous and apocrine glands.

adenocarcinoma
A form of cancer that occurs in the prostate gland.

ACVIM
American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine

ACVS
American College of Veterinary Surgeons

ad libitum
Feed offered free-choice, allowing animals to eat as much as they desire.

Addison
Inadequate production of hormones produced by the adrenal glands. Also known as hypoadrenocorticism.

acute tubular necrosis
Acute death of the epithelial cells lining the renal tubules due to ischemia or toxins.

actinic
The injurious effects of ultraviolet light.

acute
Single or short term exposure to a poison. Usually results in clinical signs and/or death.

acute
The sudden onset of signs of disease.

acute renal failure
An acute suppression of renal function. The most common causes of ARF are renal ischemia and nephrotoxicity.

acronym
Abbreviation for a phrase. MPL is the acronym for master problem list.

acne, feline
Lesions seen most often on the chin. Acne may be a manifestation of a keratinization disorder, a primary bacterial infection, dermatophytosis, secondary to allergic skin disease, demodicosis, Malassezia dermatitis, or secondary to systemic disorders.

acquired
A defect that happens after being born (contrasted to congenital).

acetretin
a Retinoids which is a synthetic derivatives of vitamin A.

acid detergent fiber
The amount of residue (primarily cellulose, lignin and variable amounts of silica) left after boiling a feed sample in an acid detergent solution. The ADF value is used to predict the energy content (TDN, NE) of forages.

accidental host
Humans are not part of the life cycle, they accidentally entered into that organisms life cycle and got the disease. Examples: ringworm, rabies.

acariasis
Infestation with mites.

acanthosis nigricans
Thickened, lichenified, seborrheic and greasy lesions which begin as small brown patches in the axilla and progresses to involve the hindlegs, chest and flanks. Most frequently seen in Dachshunds, also in Setters, Lhaso apsos, and others.

acantholysis
Seperation of the intracellular bridges in the epidermis. Acantholysis is the characteristic histologic lesion of pemphigus leading to formation of clefts within the epidermis

abortion
Premature delivery of a dead fetus.

abrasion
Superficial loss of the epidermis

abrasions
Wounds that are not through all the layers of the skin.

abscess
An accumulation of pus.

abdomen
The belly.

abdominocentesis
Placing a needle into the abdominal (belly) cavity to check for the presence of abnormal fluid.

ABDF
Animal Disease Biotechnology Facility

ABC
The traditional order of performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation: establish an airway, breath for the patient and provide chest compressions for circulation.

AAEP
American Association of Equine Practitioners

AAEZV
American Association of Exotic and Zoo Veterinarians

AAFP
American Association of Feline Practitioners

AAHA
American Animal Hospital Association