Copy of `Vet Med - Veterinary glossary`

The wordlist doesn't exist anymore, or, the website doesn't exist anymore. On this page you can find a copy of the original information. The information may have been taken offline because it is outdated.

Vet Med - Veterinary glossary Category: Agriculture and Industry > Veterinary terms Date & country: 20/01/2014, USA Words: 1662

structural carbohydrates
Complex carbohydrates (fiber)including cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and pectin that form the plant cell wall. Measured in the laboratory as neutral detergent fibre (NDF).

stomatitis
Inflammation of the mouth including the gums and tongue.

storage diseases
Diseases in which cells of the body accumulate (store) a substance that causes the cells to malfunction. For example cells may store too much fat or sugar.

stranguria
Straining to urinate.

strategic worming
Worming during the times of year that infection is most likely to occur.

stratum corneum
The outer layer of skin.

stria
Streaks in the cornea caused by the cornea stretching from increased pressure.

sterilize
Destroy all microorganisms; usually not possible with chemical disinfectants, and requires physical disinfection

sterilize
To destroy all microorganisms; usually not possible with chemical disinfectants, and requires physical disinfection.

sternal
Laying down on the chest and belly.

stenosis
A narrowing of a tubular structure. For example the intestine may stricture interfering with movement of food through the intestine.

staple
A group of wool fibers.

Stand for mating
Refers to a female's stance when in heat and willing to accept breeding from a male.

standard drip sets
An adminstration set for intravenous fluid administration. The set has a spike to penetrate the container of fluids, a drip chamber and a long flexible tube that connects to the patient's catheter. The end of the drip set vary by manufacturer, requiring anywhere from 10-20 drops to comprise a milliliter.

stanchion barn
Stall barn where cows are chained within their stalls.

Stage 3
This is the stage of placental expulsion in the labor of a bitch or queen and lasts 5-15 min.

Stage 2
This is the stage of fetal expulsion in the labor of a bitch or queen and lasts 3-6 hrs.

Springer or Fresh
Cow/heifer that has recently calved.

Stades procedure
A surgical procedure for correcting upper eyelid entropion.

Stage 1
This is the stage of cervical dilation and lasts 6-8 hrs in the bitch and queen.

spitting off
When the female is no longer receptive to the male indicating she has ovulated.

splay-legged
A condition in newborn pigs that involves a muscle weakness so they are unable to stand and bear their weight.

spleen
An organ in the abdomen that stores cells. The spleen can be removed if it is diseased.

Sporotrichosis
Cutaneous nodules; draining, ulcerative tracts caused by Sporothrix schenckii. Lesions may be focal or disseminated.

spinothalamic
A tract in the spinal cord which conveys impulses associated with pain and temperature sensation, and tactile sensation. Somatic pain pathway.

spinoreticular
A tract in the spinal cord leading to behavioral responses that help the individual determine whether a painful input is tolerable or not. Also conveys visceral pain.

spermatogenesis
Formation of sperm in the testes.

spermatozoa
Sperm. The male structure that fertilizes an egg.

sphincter
A structure that closes and opens.

spillover
What spillover means is that rabies viral variant isolated from a rabid animal will be the variant from the terrestrial wildlife reservoir in that area. That is why if you have a rabid raccoon in Montana it will be spill over from a skunk because that is the only wildlife reservoir that maintains the virus in that area.

sperm
Spermatozoa. The male structure that fertilizes an egg.

specific treatment
Treatment that will eliminate or modify the primary cause of a disease process. For example, surgical removal of a tumor.

specific pathogen free pigs
The pigs are taken surgically at birth and reared in a pig free environment so they have no contact with other pigs and no opportunity to catch a disease.

source-oriented record
A record keeping system in which all data of a similar type are clustered together, e.g. all laboratory reports and together.

somatosensory
Sensory signals from tissues. Somatic usually refers to input from body tissue other than viscera.

somatic cell count:
Leukocytes and epithelial cells in milk. Count will increase with mastitis.

somatic
Relating to the wall of the body as distinguished from the viscera.

somatic cell count
An indicator of mastitis, the accumulation of cells, chiefly leukocytes, in the milk in response to an antigen. Goal: greater than 95% of all cows with counts less than 200,000 cells/ml milk, and a bulk tank (herd average) count of <200,000 cells/ml.

soluble intake protein
Portion of the protein intake that is completely soluble in rumen fluid and rapidly utilized by bacteria. Soluble protein forms part (or all) of the degradable intake protein (DIP) value of a feed.

SOAP
SOAP's are progress notes recorded in a medical record.

sire
The breeding male, also called a stud.

skin turgor
Skin elasticity. Skin turgor is used to assess hydration.

slit-lamp biomicroscopy
Provides magnification and depth for examination of the eyelids, puncta, conjunctiva, sclera, cornea, anterior chamber, iris, lens, and anterior vitreous.

SOAP
A progress report in a patient record (subjective, objective, assessment and plans).

silicone
A polymer of alternating oxygen and silicon atoms combined with other organic groups. Catheters made of silicone are relatively inert and have less stimulation of clot formation compared to other materials.

signalment
This is the physical description of the animal including species, breed, sex, neuter status, age and color and/or markings.

signalment
The description of the patient including age, breed and sex.

silage
Pickled forage, a feed that is harvested at 30-60% dry matter and allowed to ferment as a means of preservation.

silage additives
Substances added during the ensiling process to enhance the correct and rapid fermentation of the feed.

shearing
Mechanical removal of fleece. Done yearly and in some breeds more frequently.

shipping fever
A complex seen in cattle, especially feedlot cattle, where the stress of shipping weakens their immune system and they develop viral and then oportunistic bacterial infections.

service/conception
Number of AI or natural services needed to achieve pregnancy (conception). Goal is 2-2.5 Svc/con.

serum alkaline phosphatase
Also known as alkaline phosphatase (AP). An enzyme found in many tissues but most often elevated in serum in response to cholestasis, bone remodeling or glucocorticoid excess.

sertoli cell tumor
A type of testicular cancer that may result in a male showing signs of feminization.

serum
The clear part of blood that remains after blood is allowed to clot. Very similar to plasma except that plasma is the fluid part of blood when blood is separated into cells and fluid before the blood clots.

serum
The fluid component of blood after the blood has clotted.

serum alanine aminotransferase
Also known as alanine aminotransferase (ALT). An enzyme found in hepatocytes (liver cells) released with cellular injury including cellular hypoxia.

seroprevalence
The frequency of occurance of exposure to an infectious agent based on measuring antibodies to the agent in the blood.

serotype
Strains of a virus.

sertoli cell
Cells in the testicle which support the testosterone-producing cells. These cells can produce the female hormone, estrogen.

sertoli cell tumor
A testicular tumor that may produce estrogens and cause signs of feminization in the male dog.

sensitizing soup
Chemical mediators released by cells following tissue damage and inflammation that individually or collectively results in pain sensitivity.

sepsis
The presence of infectious organisms in the blood.

septic arthritis
A bacterial infection in a joint causing inflammation.

seroconversion
A change in immune status from having no measurable antibodies against an infectious agent to development of measurable antibodies in the blood.

sensible fluid losses
Sensible fluid losses are those that can be easily detected and measured. Sensible losses can occur through the urinary and gastrointestinal tracts. The loss of fluid through the GI tract is negligible in healthy dogs and cats but can be substantial through vomiting or diarrhea. In the adult, healthy dog or cat, sensible loss is through urine and is about 12-20 ml/lb/day. Loss of water through the urinary and GI tracts is usually accompanied by loss of electrolytes (in both health and disease) (an isotonic loss).

seminiferous tubules
The location in the testes in which sperm are produced.

seminoma
A testicular tumor that usually displays benign biologic behavior.

seminoma
A type of cancer of the testes.

semipermeable membrane
A membrane that allows water and small molecules to pass through it but prevents passage of large molecules such as colloids. The peritoneal membrane lining the abdominal cavity is an example of a semipermeable membrane.

senile iris atrophy
Atrophy of the constrictor muscle: poor pupillary light reflexes but normal vision. Pupil margin looks a bit moth-eaten and irregular.

seminal vesicles
Accessory sex glands in the male..

seminal plasma
Fluid produced by the prostate gland which is part of semen.

seminal plasma
The fluid portion of semen which is produced by the prostate gland.

semen extender
A substance added to semen to provide an appropriate environment and energy for the sperm to survive in vitro.

semen
The fluid that contains sperm and fluid from the testes, prostate and other acessory sex glands.

secondary closure
Do not suture the wound and let the tissue granulate in.

secondary oocyte
The egg after it has matured and is ready to be fertilized.

secondary oocyte
An ovum that has released its polar body and is ready to be penetrated by sperm.

seizure
Another term for convulsions.

semen
The composite fluid ejaculated which includes sperm and supporting fluids.

seborrhea, secondary
Scaling due to allergies, ectoparasite infestation, mycotic infections, immune-mediated disease.

sebum
Formed of diester waxes, cholesterol and free fatty acids in sebaceous glands, which empty into the hair follicle or onto the skin.

secondary abnormality
Morphologic abnormalities of sperm that develop while sperm are moving through the epididymus or occur as a result of handling sperm.

season
A lay term used to refer to the beginning of proestrus.

seasonally polyestrous
Estrous cycles which are under the influence of light. The queen is a seasonally polyestrous animal.

seborrhea
Increased scaling of the skin with or without increased sebum production.

seborrhea, primary
Metabolic seborrhea. Scaling caused by endocrine disorders, aberrations in lipid availability, nutritional imbalances.

scrotum
The skin that surrounds the testes.

scrotum
The skin sac that covers the testes.

screenings
Small, imperfect kernels, broken grains, hulls, weed seeds and other foreign material obtained from the cleaning of grain.

scrotal hernia
The abnormal protrusion of part of an organ or tissue through the structures that normally contain it. An animal may be born with a hernia in which case it is congenital or it can get it can be acquired after birth.

SCAVMA
Student Chapter of the American Veterinary Medical Association (local group)

Schirmer tear test
A test of the ability to produce tears.

sclera
Dense connective tissue of the eye which is the site of attachment for the extraocular muscles.

sclera
The white part of the eye beneath the upper eyelid. The sclera normally has small blood vessels running across the surface.

scours
The discharge of more fluid than normal fecal matter from the bowel; often more frequently than normal.

sarcoid
A tumor that occasionally occurs on the eyelids of horses.

sarcoma
Cancer originating from fibrous tissues.

sarcoptes scabiei var. canis
The etiological agent of scabies.