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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

siphonophora
<zoology> An order of pelagic Hydrozoa including species which form complex free-swimming communities composed of numerous zooids of various kinds, some of which act as floats or as swimming organs, others as feeding or nutritive zooids, and others as reproductive zooids. ... Origin: NL, fr. Gr. A siphon + to bear. ... Source: Websters Dictiona …

siphoviridae
A family of bacteriophages which are characterised by long, non-contractile tails. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Sipple
J.H., U.S. Physician, *1930. ... See: Sipple's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Sipple's syndrome
<syndrome> This is a hereditary disorder in which two or more of the following glands: thyroid, adrenal or parathyroid, develop overgrowth (hyperplasia) or malignant cells (cancer). The underlying cause is genetic and a positive family history for this illness is a risk factor. ... Incidence: approximately 3 in 100,000 people in the general po …

Sippy
Bertram W., U.S. Physician, 1866-1924. ... See: sippy diet. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sippy diet
A diet formerly used in the initial stages of treatment of peptic ulcer, beginning with milk and cream every hour or two to keep gastric acid neutralised, gradually increasing to include cereal, eggs and crackers after three days, pureed vegetables later. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sire
1. A lord, master, or other person in authority. See Sir. 'Pain and distress, sickness and ire, And melancholy that angry sire, Be of her palace senators.' (Rom. Of R) ... 2. A tittle of respect formerly used in speaking to elders and superiors, but now only in addressing a sovereign. ... 3. A father; the head of a family; the husband. 'Jankin thet w …

siredon
<zoology> The larval form of any salamander while it still has external gills; especially, one of those which, like the axolotl (Amblystoma Mexicanum), sometimes lay eggs while in this larval state, but which under more favorable conditions lose their gills and become normal salamanders. See also Axolotl. ... Origin: NL, from Gr. A siren. ... S …

siren
1. One of three sea nymphs, or, according to some writers, of two, said to frequent an island near the coast of Italy, and to sing with such sweetness that they lured mariners to destruction. 'Next where the sirens dwell you plow the seas; Their song is death, and makes destruction please.' (Pope) ... 2. An enticing, dangerous woman. ... 3. Something …

sirenia
<zoology> An order of large aquatic herbivorous mammals, including the manatee, dugong, rytina, and several fossil genera. ... The hind limbs are either rudimentary or wanting, and the front ones are changed to paddles. They have horny plates on the front part of the jaws, and usually flat-crowned molar teeth. The stomach is complex and the in …

sireniform
Denoting a malformation with the appearance of sirenomelia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sirenomelia
Union of the legs with partial or complete fusion of the feet. ... See: sympus. ... Synonym: mermaid deformity, symmelia. ... Origin: L. Siren, G. Seiren, a siren ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Siris
Evelyn, U.S. Radiologist, *1914. ... See: Coffin-Siris syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sirrah
A term of address implying inferiority and used in anger, contempt, reproach, or disrespectful familiarity, addressed to a man or boy, but sometimes to a woman. In sililoquies often preceded by ah. Not used in the plural. 'Ah, sirrah mistress.' 'Go, sirrah, to my cell.' (Shak) ... Origin: Probably from Icel. Sira, fr. F. Sire. See Sir. ... Source: We …

sirup
Synonym for syrup ... 1. A thick and viscid liquid made from the juice of fruits, herbs, etc, boiled with sugar. ... 2. A thick and viscid saccharine solution of superior quality (as sugarhouse sirup or molasses, maple sirup); specifically, in pharmacy and often in cookery, a saturated solution of sugar and water (simple sirup), or such a solution fl …

sis
<oncogene> An oncogene, identified in monkey sarcoma, encoding a B chain of PDGF. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

SISI test
The sounding of a tone 20 dB above threshold, followed by a series of 200-msec tones 1 dB louder; perception of these is indicative of cochlear damage. ... Synonym: small increment sensitivity index test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

siskin
<zoology> A small green and yellow European finch (Spinus spinus, or Carduelis spinus); called also aberdevine. ... The American pinefinch (S. Pinus); called also pine siskin. See Pinefinch. ... The name is applied also to several other related species found in Asia and South America. Siskin green, a delicate shade of yellowish green, as in the …

sismotherapy
Synonym: vibratory massage. ... Origin: G. Seismos, a shaking, fr. Seio, fut. Seiso, to shake ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sisomicin
<chemical> Antibiotic produced by micromonospora inyoensis. It is closely related to gentamicin c1a, one of the components of the gentamicin complex (gentamicins). ... Pharmacological action: antibiotics, aminoglycoside. ... Chemical name: D-Streptamine, O-3-deoxy-4-C-methyl-3-(methylamino)-beta-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-6)-O-(2,6-diamino-2,3,4,6-t …

sisomicin sulfate
(C19H37N5O7)2-5H 2SO4;an antibiotic produced by Micromonospora inyoensis that has a spectrum of activity and application similar to that of gentamicin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sist
1. To stay, as judicial proceedings; to delay or suspend; to stop. ... 2. To cause to take a place, as at the bar of a court; hence, to cite; to summon; to bring into court. 'Some, however, have preposterously sisted nature as the first or generative principle.' (Sir W. Hamilton) ... Origin: L. Sistere to bring to a stand, to stop. ... Source: Webster …

sister
1. A female who has the same parents with another person, or who has one of them only. In the latter case, she is more definitely called a half sister. The correlative of brother. 'I am the sister of one Claudio.' (Shak) ... 2. A woman who is closely allied to, or assocciated with, another person, as in the sdame faith, society, order, or community. …

sister chromatid
One of the two chromatids making up a bivalent. Both are semi conservative copies of the original chromatid. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

sister chromatid exchange
An aberrant crossing-over event in which there is an exchange of segments between the sister chromatids of a chromosome, either between the sister chromatids of a meiotic tetrad or between the sister chromatids of a duplicated somatic chromosome. It can be induced by ultraviolet and ionizing radiation or by mutagenic agents and is observed by autor …

Sister Joseph's nodule
A malignant intra-abdominal neoplasm metastatic to the umbilicus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Sister Mary Joseph Dempsey
Superintendent at Saint Mary's hospital, Mayo Clinic, and surgical assistant to Dr. William Mayo, c. 1928, 1856-1929. ... See: Sister Joseph's nodule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sisterhood
1. The state or relation of being a sister; the office or duty of a sister. 'She . . . Abhorr'd Her proper blood, and left to do the part Of sisterhood, to do that of a wife.' (Daniel) ... 2. A society of sisters; a society of women united in one faith or order; sisters, collectively. 'A sisterhood of holy nuns.' 'The fair young flowers . . . A beau …

Sistrunk
Walter Ellis, U.S. Surgeon, 1880-1933. ... See: Sistrunk operation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Sistrunk operation
Excision of the thyroglossal cyst and duct including the midportion of the hyoid bone through, or near, which the duct traverses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

SIT4 protein phosphatase
<enzyme> From saccharomyces cerevisiae; functions in late g1 for progression into s phase ... Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

site
The spatial confines of a particular project. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

site potential tree
A tree that has attained the average maximum height possible given site conditions where it occurs. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

site preparation
Various treatments applied to a harvested area to promote regeneration of the site. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

site specific mutation
An alteration of the structure of a gene at a specific sequence, usually referring to experimentally produced changes in gene sequence. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

site-directed mutagenesis
<molecular biology> Any of several methods used to create specific alterations in a gene. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

site-specific mutagenesis
<cell culture, molecular biology> An in vitro technique in which an alteration is made at a specific site in a DNA molecule, which is then reintroduced into a cell. Various techniques are used, for the cell biologist, a very powerful approach to determining which parts of a protein or nucleotide sequence are critical to function. ... (18 Nov 1 …

site-specific recombination
<molecular biology> A type of recombination that occurs between two specific short DNA sequences present in the same or in different molecules. An example is the integration and excision of _ prophage. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

sito-
Food, grain. ... Origin: G. Sitos, sition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sitophobia
<psychology> A version to food; refusal to take nourishment. ... Alternative forms: sitiophobia. ... Origin: Gr. Phobos = fear ... (16 Mar 1998) ...

sitostane
Synonym for stigmastane ... The parent substance of sitosterol. ... Synonym: sitostane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sitosterols
A family of sterols commonly found in plants and plant oils. Alpha-, beta-, and gamma-isomers have been characterised. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sitotaxis
Synonym: sitotropism. ... Origin: sito-+ G. Taxis, orderly arrangement ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sitotoxin
Any food poison, especially one developing in grain. ... Origin: sito-+ G. Toxikon, poison ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sitotoxism
1. Poisoning by spoiled or fungous grain. ... 2. Food poisoning in general. ... Origin: sito-+ G. Toxikon, poison ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sitotropism
Turning of living cells to or away from food. ... Synonym: sitotaxis. ... Origin: sito-+ G. Trope, a turning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sits
<chemical> 5-(acetylamino)-2-(2-(-4-isothiocyanato-2-sulfophenyl)ethenyl)benzenesulfonic acid. A non-penetrating amino reagent which acts as an inhibitor of anion transport in erythrocytes and other cells. ... Chemical name: Benzenesulfonic acid, 5-(acetylamino)-2-(2-(4-isothiocyanato-2-sulfophenyl)ethenyl)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sitting
1. The state or act of one who sits; the posture of one who occupies a seat. ... 2. A seat, or the space occupied by or allotted for a person, in a church, theater, etc.; as, the hall has 800 sittings. ... 3. The act or time of sitting, as to a portrait painter, photographer, etc. ... 4. The actual presence or meeting of any body of men in their seats …

situation
The aggregate of biological, psychological, and sociological factors that affect an individual's behavioural pattern. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

situation anxiety
Anxiety related to current life problems. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

situational psychosis
A transitory but severe emotional disorder caused in a predisposed person by a seemingly unbearable situation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

situational test
In psychology and psychiatry, a test situation in which a subject is observed as he or she performs a task or an actual sample of the job or role to be performed; e.g., a test used to select individuals for the Office of Strategic Services during the Second World War and for managerial positions today. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

situs inversus
<disease> Condition in which the normal asymmetry of the body (in respect of circulatory system and intestinal coiling) is reversed. Interesting because it occurs in approximately 50% of patients with immotile cilia syndrome, a disorder of ciliary dynein. ... (10 Oct 1997) ...

situs inversus totalis
A condition in which there is complete transposition (right to left reversal) of the thoracic and abdominal organs. The heart is not in its usual position in the left chest but is on the right. Specifically related to the heart, this is referred to as dextrocardia (literally, right-hearted). And the stomach, which is normally in the left upper abdo …

situs inversus viscerum
A transposition of the viscera, e.g., the liver developing on the left side or the heart on the right. ... Synonym: visceral inversion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

situs perversus
Malposition of any viscus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

situs solitus
The normal visceral arrangement. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

situs transversus
Synonym for situs inversus ... <disease> Condition in which the normal asymmetry of the body (in respect of circulatory system and intestinal coiling) is reversed. Interesting because it occurs in approximately 50% of patients with immotile cilia syndrome, a disorder of ciliary dynein. ... (10 Oct 1997) ...

sitz bath
Immersion of only the perineum and buttocks, with the legs being outside the tub. ... Origin: Ger. Sitzen, to sit ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

siv
Species of the genus lentivirus, subgenus primate immunodeficiency viruses (immunodeficiency viruses, primate), that induces acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in monkeys and apes (saids). The genetic organization of siv is virtually identical to HIV. Siv is 50% homologous in nucleotide sequence to HIV-1. Siv and HIV-2 exhibit close structural and …

SIV(mac) proteinase
<enzyme> From macaque simian immunodeficiency virus; has 80% homology with hiv protease ... Registry number: EC 3.4.23.- ... Synonym: siv mac proteinase, sivmac proteinase siv protease ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

sivatherium
<paleontology> A genus of very large extinct ruminants found in the Tertiary formation of India. The snout was prolonged in the form of a proboscis. The male had four horns, the posterior pair being large and branched. It was allied to the antelopes, but very much larger than any exsisting species. ... Origin: NL, from E. Siva + Gr. A beast, a …

Siwe, Sture
<person> Swedish paediatrician, 1897-1966. ... See: Letterer-Siwe disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

six
One more than five; twice three; as, six yards. ... <medicine> Six Nations See Nine points circle, under Nine. ... Origin: AS. Six, seox, siex; akin to OFries. Sex, D. Zes, OS. & OHG. Sehs, G. Sechs, Icel, Sw, & Dan. Sex, Goth. Saihs, Lith. Szeszi, Russ. Sheste, Gael. & Ir. Se, W. Chwech, L. Sex, Gr, Per. Shesh, Skr. Shash. Cf. Hexa …

sixth cranial nerve
Synonym for abducent nerve ... <anatomy> The abducent nerve enervates a muscle which moves the eyeball. ... Lesions of the sixth cranial nerve result in deviation of the eyeball outward and double vision. ... Synonym: cranial nerve VI. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

sixth disease
A viral disease of infants and young children with sudden onset of high fever which lasts several days and then suddenly subsides leaving in its wake a fine red rash. The causative agent is herpes virus type 6 so the disease is known as sixth disease. Also known as exanthem subitum (sudden rash), pseudorubella, roseola, roseola infantilis, and rose …

sixth sense
Synonym for cenesthesia ... The general sense of bodily existence; the sensation caused by the functioning of the internal organs. ... Synonym: coenesthesia, sixth sense. ... Origin: G. Koinos, common, + aisthesis, sensation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sixth venereal disease
Synonym for venereal lymphogranuloma ... A venereal infection usually caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, and characterised by a transient genital ulcer and inguinal adenopathy in the male; in the female, perirectal lymph nodes are involved and rectal stricture is a common occurrence. ... Synonym: climatic bubo, Favre-Durand-Nicholas disease, lymphogran …

sixth ventricle
Synonym for Verga's ventricle ... An inconstant, horizontal, slitlike space between the posterior one-third of the corpus callosum and the underlying commissura fornicis (commissura hippocampi; psalterium) resulting from failure of these two commissural plates to fuse completely during foetal development; like the cavity of the septum pellucidum, th …

sixth-year molar
The first permanent molar tooth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sizar
One of a body of students in the universities of Cambridge (Eng) and Dublin, who, having passed a certain examination, are exempted from paying college fees and charges. A sizar corresponded to a servitor at Oxford. 'The sizar paid nothing for food and tuition, and very little for lodging.' (Macaulay) ... They formerly waited on the table at meals; …

size
1. A settled quantity or allowance. See Assize. 'To scant my sizes.' ... 2. <engineering> An allowance of food and drink from the buttery, aside from the regular dinner at commons; corresponding to battel at Oxford. ... 3. Extent of superficies or volume; bulk; bigness; magnitude; as, the size of a tree or of a mast; the size of a ship or of a …

size perception
The sensory interpretation of the dimensions of objects. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sizofiran
<chemical> Poly(3-(o-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-3)-o-(beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-6))-o-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-3)-o-beta-d-glucopyranosyl)-1). A beta-d-glucan obtained from the aphyllophoral fungus schizophyllum commune. It is used as an immunoadjuvant in the treatment of neoplasms, especially tumours found in the stomach. ... Pharmacological act …

sjogren syndrome
<radiology> Chronic systematic inflammatory disorder of unknown aetiology characterised by dryness of mucous membranes, primary Sjogren syndrome: without underlying autoimmune disease, recurrent parotitis in children, sicca syndrome (xerophthalmia and xerostomia), secondary Sjogren syndrome: connective tissue diseases (RA, systemic lupus eryt …

sjogren-larsson syndrome
<syndrome> Rare syndrome of autosomal recessive inheritance characterised by ichthyosis, mental retardation, and spastic pyramidal symptoms. It is associated with a defect in fatty alcohol metabolism. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Sjogren, Henrik
<person> Swedish ophthalmologist, *1899. ... See: Sjogren's disease, Sjogren's syndrome, Gougerot-Sjogren disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Sjogren, Torsten
<person> Swedish physician, 1859-1939. ... See: Sjogren-Larsson syndrome, Torsten Sjogren's syndrome, Marinesco-Sjogren syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Sjogren's disease
Synonym for Sjogren's syndrome ... <syndrome> An immunologic disorder characterised by progressive destruction of the exocrine glands (sweat glands, lacrimal glands, salivary glands). ... Symptoms include dry eyes, dry mouth, persistent cough (dry airways) and lack of saliva. Approximately 30% also have rheumatoid arthritis. Kidney involvement …

Sjogren's syndrome
<syndrome> An immunologic disorder characterised by progressive destruction of the exocrine glands (sweat glands, lacrimal glands, salivary glands). ... Symptoms include dry eyes, dry mouth, persistent cough (dry airways) and lack of saliva. Approximately 30% also have rheumatoid arthritis. Kidney involvement (kidney dysfunction) is seen in 40 …

Sjoqvist tractotomy
Synonym for trigeminal tractotomy ... <procedure> Division of the descending fibres of the trigeminal tract in the medulla. ... Synonym: intramedullary tractotomy, Sjoqvist tractotomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Sjoqvist, O
<person> Swedish neurosurgeon, 1901-1954. ... See: Sjoqvist tractotomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sk&f-38393
<chemical> A selective d1 dopamine receptor agonist used primarily as a research tool. ... Pharmacological action: dopamine agonists. ... Chemical name: 1H-3-Benzazepine-7,8-diol, 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-phenyl- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

skate
<zoology> Any one of numerous species of large, flat elasmobranch fishes of the genus Raia, having a long, slender tail, terminated by a small caudal fin. The pectoral fins, which are large and broad and united to the sides of the body and head, give a somewhat rhombic form to these fishes. The skin is more or less spinose. ... Some of the spe …

skates (fish)
The common name for all members of the rajidae family. Skates and rays are members of the same order. Skates have weak electric organs. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

skating
Using ice skates, roller skates, or skateboards in racing or other competition or for recreation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

skatole
<chemical> Chemical name: 1H-Indole, 3-methyl- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

skatoxyl
3-Hydroxymethylindole, formed in the intestine by the oxidation of skatole; some undergoes conjugation in the body with sulfuric or gluronic acids and is excreted in the urine in conjugated form. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

skein
1. A quantity of yarn, thread, or the like, put up together, after it is taken from the reel, usually tied in a sort of knot. ... A skein of cotton yarn is formed by eighty turns of the thread round a fifty-four inch reel. ... 2. A metallic strengthening band or thimble on the wooden arm of an axle. ... Origin: OE. Skeyne, OF. Escaigne, F. Ecagne, pro …

skein cell
Synonym for reticulocyte ... <haematology> Immature red blood cells normally restricted to the bone marrow and present in the blood stream in very low numbers (0.2-2%). An increase in numbers indicates increased proliferation in the bone marrow, for example following chemotherapy. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

skeletal
<anatomy> Pertaining to the skeleton. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

skeletal dysplasia
One of a large contingent of genetic diseases in which the bony skeleton is abnormally formed during development. For example, achondroplasia (achondroplastic dwarfism). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

skeletal extension
Synonym for skeletal traction ... Traction pull on a bone structure mediated through pin or wire inserted into the bone to reduce a fracture of long bones. ... Synonym: skeletal extension. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

skeletal muscle
<anatomy, pathology> A rather non-specific term usually applied to the striated muscle of vertebrates that is under voluntary control. ... The muscle fibres are syncytial and contain myofibrils, tandem arrays of sarcomeres. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

skeletal muscle fibres
Multinucleated contractile cells varying from less than 10 to 100 um in diameter and from less than 1 mm to several centimeters in length; the fibre consists of sarcoplasm and cross-striated myofibrils, which in turn consist of myofilaments; human skeletal muscles are a mixture of red, white, and intermediate type fibre's. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

skeletal muscle tissue
Synonym for skeletal muscle ... <anatomy, pathology> A rather non-specific term usually applied to the striated muscle of vertebrates that is under voluntary control. ... The muscle fibres are syncytial and contain myofibrils, tandem arrays of sarcomeres. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

skeletal muscle ventricle
Autologous skeletal muscle that is wrapped around the heart and electrically stimulated in order to provide mechanical heart assistance. The latissimus dorsi muscle is commonly used to form this ventricle that functions to independently augment cardiac performance by pumping in series with the heart. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

skeletal survey
A radiographic examination of all or selected parts of the skeleton, as for occult fractures, metastases, etc. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

skeletal system
The bones and cartilages of the body. ... Synonym: systema skeletale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

skeletal traction
Traction pull on a bone structure mediated through pin or wire inserted into the bone to reduce a fracture of long bones. ... Synonym: skeletal extension. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...