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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

sigmoid kidney
Upper pole of one kidney fused with the lower pole of the other. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sigmoid lymph nodes
Nodes of the inferior mesenteric group, located along the sigmoid arteries. ... Synonym: nodi lymphatici sigmoidei. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sigmoid notch
Synonym for mandibular notch ... The deep notch between the condylar and coronoid processes of the mandible. ... Synonym: incisura mandibulae, sigmoid notch. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sigmoid sinus
The S-shaped dural venous sinus lying deep to the mastoid process of the temporal bone and immediately posterior to the petrous temporal bone; it is continuous with the transverse sinus and empties into the internal jugular vein as it passes through the jugular foramen. ... Synonym: sinus sigmoideus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sigmoid sulcus
Synonym for groove for sigmoid sinus ... A broad groove in the posterior cranial fossa, first situated on the lateral portion of the occipital bone, then curving around the jugular process on to the mastoid portion of the temporal bone, and finally turning sharply on the posterior inferior angle of the parietal bone and becoming continuous with the …

sigmoid veins
The several tributaries of the inferior mesenteric vein that drain the sigmoid colon. ... Synonym: venae sigmoideae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sigmoid volvulus
Relatively common location of volvulus, with obstruction either proximal or distal to the sigmoid segment. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sigmoidectomy
<procedure> Excision of the sigmoid colon. ... Origin: sigmoid-+ G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sigmoidicity
Describing an S-shaped curve; e.g., shape of enzyme-kinetic curves for enzymes displaying positive homotropic cooperativity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sigmoiditis
Inflammation of the sigmoid colon. ... Origin: sigmoid-+ G. -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sigmoido-
Sigmoid, usually the sigmoid colon. ... Origin: G. Sigma, the letter S, + eidos, resemblance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sigmoidopexy
<procedure> Operative attachment of the sigmoid colon to a firm structure to correct rectal prolapse. ... Origin: sigmoido-+ G. Pexis, fixation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sigmoidoproctostomy
<procedure> Anastomosis between the sigmoid colon and the rectum. ... Synonym: sigmoidorectostomy. ... Origin: sigmoido-+ G. Proktos, anus, + stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sigmoidorectostomy
Synonym for sigmoidoproctostomy ... <procedure> Anastomosis between the sigmoid colon and the rectum. ... Synonym: sigmoidorectostomy. ... Origin: sigmoido-+ G. Proktos, anus, + stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sigmoidoscope
<instrument> A lighted instrument used to view the inside of the lower colon. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sigmoidoscopy
<procedure> A procedure in which an endoscope is used to inspect the sigmoid colon. ... (08 Aug 2003) ...

sigmoidostomy
<procedure> Establishment of an artificial anus by opening into the sigmoid colon. ... Origin: sigmoido-+ G. Stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sigmoidotomy
<procedure> Surgical opening of the sigmoid. ... Origin: sigmoido-+ G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sigmoidovesical fistula
A fistula between sigmoid colon and urinary bladder. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sigmoscope
Synonym for sigmoidoscope ... <instrument> A lighted instrument used to view the inside of the lower colon. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sign
<clinical sign> An objective physical finding found by the examiner. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

sign blindness
Visual agnosia for signs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sign language
A system of hand gestures used for communication by the deaf or by people speaking different languages. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sign of elongation
<microscopy> Referring to the elongation of a substance in relation to refractive indices. If it is elongated in the direction of the high refractive index, it is said to have a positive sign of elongation. If it is elongated in the direction of the low refractive index, it has a negative sign of elongation, not to be confused with the sign o …

sign of the orbicularis
In hemiplegia, inability to voluntarily close the eye on the paralysed side except in conjunction with closure of the other eye. ... Synonym: Revilliod's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

signal
1. Noticeable; distinguished from what is ordinary; eminent; remarkable; memorable; as, a signal exploit; a signal service; a signal act of benevolence. 'As signal now in low, dejected state As erst in highest, behold him where he lies.' (Milton) ... 2. Of or pertaining to signals, or the use of signals in conveying information; as, a signal flag or …

signal detection (psychology)
A theory of psychophysics which characterises not only the acuity of an individual's discrimination but also the psychological factors that bias his judgment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

signal node
A firm supraclavicular lymph node, especially on the left side, sufficiently enlarged that it is palpable from the cutaneous surface; such a lymph node is so termed because it may be the first recognised presumptive evidence of a malignant neoplasm in one of the viscera. A signal node that is known to contain a metastasis from a malignant neoplasm …

signal peptidase
Synonym for signal sequence ... A peptide present on proteins that are destined either to be secreted or to be membrane components. It is usually at the N terminus and normally absent from the mature protein. Normally refers to the sequence (ca 20 amino acids) that interacts with signal recognition particle and directs the ribosome to the endoplasmi …

signal peptidase complex
Synonym for signal sequence ... A peptide present on proteins that are destined either to be secreted or to be membrane components. It is usually at the N terminus and normally absent from the mature protein. Normally refers to the sequence (ca 20 amino acids) that interacts with signal recognition particle and directs the ribosome to the endoplasmi …

signal peptide
Synonym for signal sequence ... A peptide present on proteins that are destined either to be secreted or to be membrane components. It is usually at the N terminus and normally absent from the mature protein. Normally refers to the sequence (ca 20 amino acids) that interacts with signal recognition particle and directs the ribosome to the endoplasmi …

signal peptides
Additional polypeptide sequence of 25 to 30 residues at the amino-terminal or carboxy-terminal end of proteins. The signal sequence signals the cellular fate or destination of a newly synthesised protein directing it to its ultimate destination in the cell. These leaders are recognised by the signal recognition particle and bound by specific recept …

signal recognition particle
A complex between a 7S RNA and six proteins. SRP binds to the nascent polypeptide chain of eukaryotic proteins with a signal sequence and halts further translation until the ribosome becomes associated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum. One of the SRP proteins (srp54) binds GTP and in association with 7SRNA and srp19 has GTPase activity. ... (18 …

signal response coupling
Synonym for signal transduction ... The cascade of processes by which an extracellular signal (typically a hormone or neurotransmitter) interacts with a receptor at the cell surface, causing a change in the level of a second messenger for example calcium or cyclic AMP) and ultimately effects a change in the cells functioning (for example: triggering …

signal sequence
A peptide present on proteins that are destined either to be secreted or to be membrane components. It is usually at the N terminus and normally absent from the mature protein. Normally refers to the sequence (ca 20 amino acids) that interacts with signal recognition particle and directs the ribosome to the endoplasmic reticulum where co translatio …

signal transduction
The cascade of processes by which an extracellular signal (typically a hormone or neurotransmitter) interacts with a receptor at the cell surface, causing a change in the level of a second messenger for example calcium or cyclic AMP) and ultimately effects a change in the cells functioning (for example: triggering glucose uptake or initiating cell …

signal void
In magnetic resonance imaging, a region emitting no radiofrequency signal, either because there are no activated protons in the region (such as flowing blood) or because a different element predominates, particularly calcium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

signal-to-noise ratio
<microscopy> Also sometimes used as an abbreviation for serial number, can be somewhat confusing in the case of electronic equipment. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

signature
1. A sign, stamp, or mark impressed, as by a seal. 'The brain, being well furnished with various traces, signatures, and images.' (I. Watts) 'The natural and indelible signature of God, which human souls . . . Are supposed to be stamped with.' (Bentley) ... 2. Especially, the name of any person, written with his own hand, employed to signify that th …

signature sequence
Short oligonucleotides of unique sequence found in 16S ribosomal RNA of a particular group of prokaryotes. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

signet ring
The early stage of trophozoite development of the malaria parasite in the red blood cell; the parasite cytoplasm stains blue around its circular margin, and the nucleus stains red in Romanowsky stains, while the central vacuole is clear, giving the ringlike appearance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

signet ring cells
Synonym for castration cells ... Altered basophilic cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary that develop following castration; the body of the cell is occupied by a large vacuole that displaces the nucleus to the periphery, giving the cell a resemblance to a signet ring. ... Synonym: signet ring cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

signet-ring cell carcinoma
<tumour> A poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma composed of cells with a cytoplasmic droplet of mucus that compresses the nucleus to one side along the cell membrane; arises most frequently in the stomach, occasionally in the large bowel or elsewhere. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

significance
An analytical evaluation of the results of a comparative trial or survey. Data yielding a difference in outcome depending on treatment or environmental factors are considered statistically significant if various mathematical procedures indicate there is less than a one in twenty (five percent) chance that the same results would occur through random …

significant
In statistics, probably resulting from something other than chance. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

significative
1. Betokening or representing by an external sign. 'The holy symbols or signs are not barely significative.' (Brerewood) ... 2. Having signification or meaning; expressive of a meaning or purpose; significant. 'Neither in the degrees of kindred they were destitute of significative words.' (Camden) Signif'icatively, Signif'icativeness. ... Origin: L. …

Signorelli, Angelo
<person> Italian physician, 1876-1952. ... See: Signorelli's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Signorelli's sign
<clinical sign> Tenderness on pressure in the glenoid fossa in front of the mastoid process in meningitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

signs and symptoms
Objective evidence of disease perceptible to the examining physician (sign) and subjective evidence of disease perceived by the patient (symptom). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

signs and symptoms, digestive
Digestive system manifestations of diseases of the gastrointestinal system or of other organs. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

signs and symptoms, respiratory
Respiratory system manifestations of diseases of the respiratory tract or of other organs. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

SIH
<abbreviation> Somatotropin release-inhibiting hormone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

silage
Fodder converted into succulent feed for livestock through processes of anaerobic fermentation (as in a silo). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

silanes
Compounds similar to hydrocarbons in which a tetravalent silicon atom replaces the carbon atom. They are very reactive, ignite in air, and form useful derivatives. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

silanising
Conversion of active silanol (SiOH) groups on surface of (for example) glass into less polar silyl ethers (SiOR), thereby making the surface less adhesive. ... See: siliconisation. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

silastic band
A small silastic ring placed around each fallopian tube to achieve permanent sterilization. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Silber, Robert
<person> U.S. Biochemist, *1915. ... See: Porter-Silber chromogens, Porter-Silber reaction, Porter-Silber chromogens test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

silence
1. To compel to silence; to cause to be still; to still; to hush. 'Silence that dreadful bell; it frights the isle.' (Shak) ... 2. To put to rest; to quiet. 'This would silence all further opposition.' (Clarendon) 'These would have silenced their scruples.' (Rogers) ... 3. To restrain from the exercise of any function, privilege of instruction, or th …

silent
Producing no detectable signs or symptoms, said of certain diseases or morbid processes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

silent allele
Synonym for amorph ... 1. <genetics> A gene which is inactive. Thus, an amorphic gene. ... 2. <cell biology> Something that lacks a discernible shape and thus can be describes as amorphous. ... (05 Feb 1998) ...

silent area
Any area of the cerebrum or cerebellum in which lesions cause no definite sensory or motor symptoms. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

silent electrode
Synonym for indifferent electrode ... In unipolar electrocardiography, a remote electrode placed either upon a single limb or connected with the central terminal and paired with an exploring electrode; the indifferent electrode is supposed to contribute little or nothing to the resulting record. ... Synonym: dispersing electrode, silent electrode. …

silent gap
Synonym for auscultatory gap ... The period during which Korotkoff sounds indicating true systolic pressure fade away and reappear at a lower pressure point; responsible for errors made in recording falsely low systolic blood pressure, especially in hypertensive patients, of up to 25 mm Hg, and avoided by pumping the cuff 30 mm Hg beyond palpable sy …

silent ischemia
Myocardial ischemia without accompanying signs or symptoms of angina pectoris; can be detected by EKG and other lab techniques. ... See: silent myocardial infarction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

silent mutant
Synonym for inactive mutant ... A mutant that is not phenotypically manifest. ... Synonym: silent mutant. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

silent mutation
Mutations that have no effect on phenotype because they do not affect the activity of the product of the gene, usually because of codon ambiguity. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

silent myocardial infarction
Infarction that produces none of the characteristic symptoms and signs of myocardial infarction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

silent period
The time during which there is no electrical activity in a muscle following its rapid unloading, any pause in an otherwise continuous series of electrophysiologic events. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

silhouette sign of Felson
In pulmonary radiology, the obliteration of a normal air-soft tissue interface, such as the cardiac silhouette, when fluid fills the adjacent part of the lung. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

silica
Fine particulate dust from quartz rock that is known to cause a progressive lung injury over long-term. ... See: pneumoconiosis. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

silica dust
Fine particulate dust from quartz rock that is known to cause a progressive lung injury over long-term. ... See: pneumoconiosis. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

silica granuloma
Eruption of granulomatous lesions due to traumatic inoculation of the skin with sand, or materials that contain silica; this condition may follow dermabrasion using sandpaper technique. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

silicate
<chemistry> A salt of silicic acid. ... In mineralogical chemistry the silicates include; the unisilicates or orthosilicates, salts of orthosilicic acid; the bisilicates or metasilicates, salts of metasilicic acid; the polysilicates or acid silicates, salts of the polysilicic acids; the basic silicates or subsilicates, in which the equivalent …

silicate cement
<chemical> A relatively hard, translucent, restorative material used primarily in anterior teeth. ... Chemical name: Silicic acid, aluminum calcium salt ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

silicate restorations
Restoration's of lost tooth structure made with silicate cement. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

silicates
The generic term for salts derived from silica or the silicic acids. They contain silicon, oxygen, and one or more metals, and may contain hydrogen. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

silicatosis
Synonym for silicosis ... Inflammation of the lung caused by foreign bodies (inhaled particles of silica): leads to fibrosis but unlike asbestosis does not predispose to neoplasia. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

siliceous
Containing silica. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

silicic
<chemistry> Pertaining to, derived from, or resembling, silica; specifically, designating compounds of silicon; as, silicic acid. ... <chemistry> Silicic acid, an amorphous gelatinous substance, Si(HO)4, very unstable and easily dried to silica, but forming many stable salts. ... Synonym: orthosilicic, or normal silicic, acid. ... Origin: …

silicic acid
<chemical> Silicic acid. Hydrated silicon dioxide that occurs in nature. It is insoluble in water or acids except hydrofluoric acid. ... Chemical name: Silicic acid ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

silicic anhydride
Synonym for silica ... Fine particulate dust from quartz rock that is known to cause a progressive lung injury over long-term. ... See: pneumoconiosis. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

silicious
Synonym for siliceous ... Containing silica. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

silico-
<chemistry, prefix> A combining form (also used adjectively) denoting the presence of silicon or its compounds; as, silicobenzoic, silicofluoride, etc. ... (29 Oct 1998) ...

silicoanthracosis
A pneumoconiosis consisting of combination of silicosis and anthracosis, seen in hard coal miners. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

silicofluoric
<chemistry> Containing, or composed of, silicon and fluorine; especially, denoting the compounds called silicofluorides. ... <chemistry> Silicofluoric acid, a compound of hydrofluoric acid and silicon fluoride, known only in watery solution. It is produced by the action of silicon fluoride on water, and is regarded as an acid, H2SiF6, an …

silicon
<chemistry, element> A nonmetalic element analogous to carbon. It always occurs combined in nature, and is artificially obtained in the free state, usually as a dark brown amorphous powder, or as a dark crystalline substance with a meetallic luster. Its oxide is silica, or common quartz, and in this form, or as silicates, it is, next to oxyge …

silicon compounds
Inorganic compounds that contain silicon as an integral part of the molecule. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

silicon dioxide
<chemical> Silica. Transparent, tasteless crystals found in nature as agate, amethyst, chalcedony, cristobalite, flint, sand, quartz, and tridymite. The compound is insoluble in water or acids except hydrofluoric acid. ... Chemical name: Silica ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

silicone
Any of many polymers made up of alternating oxygen and silicon atomscombined with other organic groups. Silicone can be an oil, grease, gelor plastic, but all forms are resistant to heat, water and will notconduct electricity. It is used for a huge number of uses in industry (lubricants, paints, adhesives, coolants, etc.) Silicone is used inmedicin …

silicone elastomers
Polymers of silicone having properties similar to those of vulcanised natural rubber, namely the ability to be stretched to at least twice their original length and to retract very rapidly to approximately their original length when released. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

silicone implant
Implant composed of silicone; common form of breast implant for augmentation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

silicone oils
Organic siloxanes which are polymerised to the oily stage. The oils have low surface tension and density less than 1. They are used in industrial applications and in the treatment of retinal detachment, complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

silicones
Any organosiloxane polymer in which the structural unit is usually -r2si-o-, where r is a monovalent organic radical. Physical properties of silicones depend on the size and type of the radical (methyl, phenyl), the r:si ratio, and the molecular configuration of the polymer (linear, cyclic, degree of crosslinking). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

siliconisation
Noncovalent coating of surface with a layer of silicone oil making it less adhesive or reactive. ... See: silanising. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

silicoproteinosis
An acute pulmonary disorder, radiographically and histologically similar to pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, resulting from relatively short exposure to high concentrations of silica dust; pulmonary symptoms are of rapid onset and the condition is invariably fatal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

silicosiderosis
Synonym for siderosilicosis ... Silicosis due to inhalation of dust containing iron and silica. ... Synonym: silicosiderosis. ... Origin: sidero-+ silicosis ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

silicosis
Inflammation of the lung caused by foreign bodies (inhaled particles of silica): leads to fibrosis but unlike asbestosis does not predispose to neoplasia. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

silicotic granuloma
Granulomatous nodule resulting from deposition of silica particles, usually occurring in lung. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

silicotuberculosis
Tuberculosis of the silicotic lung. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

silicula
A short siliqua, not more than twice as long as its width. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...