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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

seroserous
1. Relating to two serous surfaces. ... 2. Denoting a suture, as of the intestine, in which the edges of the wound are infolded so as to bring the two serous surfaces in apposition. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serositis
Inflammation of the serous tissues of the body. The serous tissues line the lungs (pleura), heart (pericardium), and the inner lining of the abdomen (peritoneum) and organs within. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

serosity
1. The quality or state of being serous. ... 2. <physiology> A thin watery animal fluid, as synovial fluid and pericardial fluid. ... See: serous. ... Origin: Cf. F. Serosite. ... (28 May 1998) ...

serostatus
<investigation, microbiology> The condition of having or not having detectable antibodies to a microbe in the blood as a result of infection. One may have either a positive or negative serostatus. ... (28 May 1998) ...

serosynovial
Relating to serum and also synovia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serosynovitis
Synovitis attended with a copious serous effusion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serotaxis
Oedema of the skin induced by the application of a strong cutaneous irritant. ... Origin: sero-+ G. Taxis, an arranging ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serotherapy
Treatment of an infectious disease by injection of an antitoxin or serum containing specific antibody. ... Synonym: serum therapy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serotina
See: decidua. ... Origin: L. Fem. Of serotinus, late ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serotonergic
Related to the action of serotonin or its precursor l-tryptophan. ... Origin: serotonin + G. Ergon, work ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serotonergic system
<anatomy, physiology> The system of nerve cells that uses serotonin as their neurotransmitter. ... (22 May 1998) ...

serotonin
Synonym for 5-hydroxytryptamine ... <biochemistry, hormone> A neurotransmitter and hormone (176 kD), found in vertebrates, invertebrates and plants. It is synthesised from the amino acid tryptophan by enterochromaffin cells in the gut and bronchi. It is metabolised to 5-HIAA in the liver and then excreted in the urine. ... Serotonin is measured …

serotonin agents
Drugs used for their effects on serotonergic systems. Among these are drugs that affect serotonin receptors, the life cycle of serotonin, and the survival of serotonergic neurons. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

serotonin agonists
Agents that have an affinity for serotonin receptors and are able to mimic the effects of serotonin by stimulating the physiologic activity at the cell receptors. These compounds are used as antidepressants, anxiolytics, and in the treatment of migraine. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

serotonin antagonists
Drugs that bind to but do not activate serotonin receptors, thereby blocking the actions of serotonin or serotonin agonists. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

serotonin uptake inhibitors
Compounds that specifically inhibit the reuptake of serotonin in the brain. This increases the serotonin concentration in the synaptic cleft which then activates serotonin receptors to a greater extent. These agents have been used in treatment of depression, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive behaviour, and alcoholism, as analgesics, and to treat …

serotonin-binding protein kinase
<enzyme> An aspect of protein kinases EC 2.7.1.37 ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- ... Synonym: sbp kinase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

serotype
<immunology> The genotype of a unicellular organism as defined by antisera against antigenic determinants expressed on the surface. ... (28 May 1998) ...

serous
<physiology> Thin; watery; like serum; as the serous fluids. Of or pertaining to serum; as, the serous glands, membranes, layers. ... <anatomy> See serous membrane. ... Origin: Cf. F. Sereux. ... (12 May 1998) ...

serous atrophy
A degenerative change occurring in fat cells, the fat being absorbed and its place being taken by a serous fluid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serous cell
A cell, especially of the salivary gland, that secretes a watery or thin albuminous fluid, as opposed to a mucous cell. ... Synonym: albuminous cell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serous coat
Synonym for serosa ... serous membrane ...

serous cyst
A cyst containing clear serous fluid, such as a hygroma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serous demilunes
The serous cells at the distal end of a mucous, tubuloalveolar secretory unit of certain salivary glands. ... Synonym: Giannuzzi's crescents, Giannuzzi's demilunes, Heidenhain's crescents, Heidenhain's demilunes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serous diarrhoea
Diarrhoea characterised by watery stools. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serous gland
An exocrine gland that produces a watery, protein rich secretion, as opposed to a carbohydrate rich mucous secretion. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

serous haemorrhage
An obsolete term for a profuse transudation of plasma through the walls of the capillaries. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serous inflammation
An exudative inflammation in which the exudate is predominantly fluid (e.g., exuded from the blood vessels), with the protein, electrolytes, and other material contained therein; relatively few (if any) cells are observed. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serous iritis
Inflammation of the iris, with a serous exudate in the anterior chamber. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serous layer of peritoneum
Simple squamous epithelium that forms the glistening surface of the parietal and visceral layers of peritoneum. ... Synonym: tunica serosa peritonei. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serous ligament
<anatomy> One of a number of peritoneal folds attaching certain of the viscera to the abdominal wall or to each other. ... Synonym: ligamentum serosum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serous membrane
<anatomy, pathology> One of the delicate membranes of connective tissue which line the internal cavities of the body. ... Synonym: serosa. ... (28 May 1998) ...

serous meningitis
Acute meningitis with secondary external hydrocephalus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serous otitis
Inflammation of middle ear mucosa, often accompanied by accumulation of fluid, secondary to eustachian tube obstruction. ... Synonym: secretory otitis media. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serous pericardium
Synonym for pericardium ... <anatomy> A double membranous sac which envelops and protects the heart. The layer in contact with the heart is referred to as the visceral layer, the outer layer in contact with surrounding organs is the parietal pericardium. In between the two layers is the pericardial space. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

serous pleurisy
Synonym for pleurisy with effusion ... Pleurisy accompanied by serous exudation. ... Synonym: serous pleurisy, wet pleurisy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serous retinitis
Oedema of the retina; an inflammation of the inner layers of the retina. ... Synonym: simple retinitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serous synovitis
Synovitis with a large effusion of nonpurulent fluid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serous tunic
Synonym for serosa ... serous membrane ...

serovaccination
A process for producing mixed immunity by the injection of a serum, to secure passive immunity, and by vaccination with a modified or killed culture to acquire active immunity later. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serovar
A subdivision of a species or subspecies distinguishable from other strains therein on the basis of antigenic character. ... Synonym: serotype. ... Origin: sero-+ variant ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serozyme
Synonym for prothrombin ... Clotting Factor II. ... Origin: Gr. Thrombos = cloth in ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

serpent
1. <zoology> Any reptile of the order Ophidia; a snake, especially a large snake. ... The serpents are mostly long and slender, and move partly by bending the body into undulations or folds and pressing them against objects, and partly by using the free edges of their ventral scales to cling to rough surfaces. Many species glide swiftly over t …

serpent ulcer of cornea
Synonym for serpiginous keratitis ... A severe, creeping, central, suppurative ulcer often due to pneumococci. ... Synonym: pneumococcal/suppurative keratitis, serpent ulcer of cornea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serpentine
1. <chemical> A mineral or rock consisting chiefly of the hydrous silicate of magnesia. It is usually of an obscure green colour, often with a spotted or mottled appearance resembling a serpent's skin. Precious, or noble, serpentine is translucent and of a rich oil-green colour. ... Serpentine has been largely produced by the alteration of oth …

serpentine aneurysm
Dilation and tortuosity of an artery, sometimes affecting the temporal, splenic, or iliac arteries in the elderly. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serpiginous choroidopathy
Synonym for geographic choroidopathy ... Bilateral acquired abnormality of retinal pigment epithelium and choroid in which irregular multiple progressive swelling is followed by atrophic scars in linear patterns. ... Synonym: helicoid choroidopathy, serpiginous choroidopathy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serpiginous corneal ulcer
Serpentine ulceration of the cornea, due to infection, most often with Streptococcus pneumoniae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serpiginous keratitis
A severe, creeping, central, suppurative ulcer often due to pneumococci. ... Synonym: pneumococcal/suppurative keratitis, serpent ulcer of cornea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serpiginous ulcer
An ulcer extending on one side while healing at the opposite edge, forming an undulating margin. ... Synonym: creeping ulcer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serpins
Superfamily of proteins, mostly serine protease inhibitors, that includes ovalbumin, _ 1 antitrypsin, antithrombin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

serpula
Origin: L, a little snake. See Serpent. ... <zoology> Any one of numerous species of tubicolous annelids of the genus Serpula and allied genera of the family Serpulidae. They secrete a calcareous tube, which is usually irregularly contorted, but is sometimes spirally coiled. The worm has a wreath of plumelike and often bright-coloured gills ar …

serpulina
A genus of spiral bacteria of the family spirochaetaceae. This genus contains two species, serpulina hyodysenteriae and serpulina innocens, which were formerly classified as treponema hyodysenteriae and treponema innocens, respectively. When researchers determined that t. Hyodysenteriae and t. Innocens did not belong to the genus treponema, the new …

serpulina hyodysenteriae
A species of anaerobic, spiral bacteria that was formerly classified as treponema hyodysenteriae (and for a short while, serpula hyodysenteriae). This organism is the agent of swine dysentery. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Serrate
Drosophila locus. Gene product contains 14 repeats of the EGF like domain. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

serrate suture
One whose opposing margins present deep sawlike indentations, as most of the sagittal suture. ... Synonym: sutura serrata, dentate suture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serrated
1. Notched on the edge, like a saw. ... 2. <botany> Beset with teeth pointing forwards or upwards; as, serrate leaves. Doubly serrate, having small serratures upon the large ones, as the leaves of the elm. Serrate-ciliate, having fine hairs, like the eyelashes, on the serratures; said of a leaf. Serrate-dentate, having the serratures toothed.< …

serratia
A genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that occurs in the natural environment (soil, water, and plant surfaces) or as an opportunistic human pathogen. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

serratia infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus serratia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Serratia marcescens
A gram-negative bacterium that is very common in soil and water, most strains produce a characteristic pigment, prodigiosin. Opportunistic human pathogens, infecting mainly hospital patients. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Serratia marcescens nuclease
<enzyme> Formerly EC 3.1.4.9; acts on DNA, RNA and double-stranded homopolymers such as poly i-c; has been sequenced, genbank m19495 ... Registry number: EC 3.1.30.2 ... Synonym: nucleate endonuclease, nuclease o, endonuclease (serratia marcescens), nuclease sm, nuclease sm1, nuclease sm2, extracellular nuclease, serratia marcescens ... (26 Jun …

serration
1. The state of being serrated or notched. ... 2. Any one of the processes in a serrate or dentate formation. ... Origin: L. Serra, saw ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serratiopeptidase
<enzyme> Proteolytic enzyme preparation used concomitantly with an antibiotic in osteoarticular infections ... Pharmacological action: anti-inflammatory agent, non-steroidal ... Registry number: EC 3.4.- ... Synonym: serrapeptase, dasen, danzen ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

serratus anterior
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, from centre of lateral aspect of first eight to nine ribs; insertion, superior and inferior angles and intervening medial margin of scapula; action, rotates scapula and pulls it forward, elevates ribs; nerve supply, long thoracic from brachial plexus. ... Synonym: musculus serratus anterior, anterior serratus muscle, …

serratus posterior inferior
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, with latissimus dorsi, from spinous processes of two lower thoracic and two upper lumbar vertebrae; insertion, into lower borders of last four ribs; action, draws lower ribs backward and downward; nerve supply, ninth to twelfth intercostal. ... Synonym: musculus serratus posterior inferior, inferior posterior serratus …

serratus posterior superior muscle
<anatomy> Origin, from spinous processes of two lower cervical and two upper thoracic vertebrae; insertion, into lateral side of angles of second to fifth ribs; nerve supply, first to fourth intercostals. ... Synonym: musculus serratus posterior superior, superior posterior serratus muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serrefine
A small spring forceps used for approximating the edges of a wound or for temporarily closing an artery during an operation. ... Origin: Fr. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serrenoeud
An instrument for tightening a ligature. ... Origin: Fr. Serrer, to press, + noeud, knot ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Serres
Antoine E.R.A., French anatomist, 1786-1868. ... See: Serres' angle, Serres' glands, rest's of Serres. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Serres' angle
Synonym for metafacial angle ... The angle between the pterygoid processes and the base of the skull. ... Synonym: Serres' angle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Serres' glands
Epithelial cell rests found in the subepithelial connective tissue in the palate of the newborn, similar to those found in the gingivae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serrulate
Finely serrated. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Sertoli
Enrico, Italian histologist, 1842-1910. ... See: Sertoli's cells, Sertoli's columns, Sertoli cell tumour, Sertoli-cell-only syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Sertoli cell
<pathology> Tall columnar cells found in the mammalian testis closely associated with developing spermatocytes and spermatids. Probably provide appropriate microenvironment for sperm differentiation and phagocytose degenerate sperm. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

sertoli cell tumour
A rare benign tumour of the testis that histologically resembles the foetal testis. There are three varieties: diffuse stromal, mixed (stromal and epithelial), and tubular (epithelial). Sertoli cells in the epithelial elements may produce oestrogen and cause feminization. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sertoli cells
Elongated cells in the tubules of the testis to which the spermatids become attached. They provide support, protection, and, apparently, nutrition until the spermatids become transformed into mature spermatozoa. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Sertoli-cell-only syndrome
<syndrome> The absence from the seminiferous tubules of the testes of germinal epithelium, Sertoli cells alone being present; there is sterility due to azoospermia but no other sexual abnormality, Leydig cells are normal, and the output of gonadotrophins in the urine is increased; probably represents one form of seminiferous tubule dysgenesis …

sertoli-leydig cell tumour
An ovarian tumour usually of low-grade malignancy occurring most frequently in the third and fourth decades, with 75% seen in women under 40. It is rare, representing less than .02% of ovarian cancers. The tumour typically produces androgens with virilization being noted in 70-85% of the patients. (holland et al., cancer medicine, 3d ed, p1684) ... …

Sertoli's cells
Elongated cell's in the seminiferous tubules to which spermatids are attached during spermiogenesis; they secrete androgen-binding protein and establish the blood-testis barrier by forming tight junctions with adjacent Sertoli's cell's. ... Synonym: nurse cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Sertoli's columns
See: Sertoli's cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sertraline
An antidepressant which exhibits selectivity for the blockade of serotonin reuptake; similar to fluoxetine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serum
<haematology> The clear portion of any body fluid, the clear fluid moistening serous membranes. ... 2. Blood serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood on clotting. ... 3. Immune serum, blood serum from an immunised animal used for passive immunisation, an antiserum, antitoxin or antivenin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

serum accelerator
Synonym for factor vii ... <chemical> Heat- and storage-stable plasma protein that is activated by tissue thromboplastin to form factor viia in the extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation. The activated form then catalyses the activation of factor x to factor xa. ... Chemical name: Blood-coagulation factor VII ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

serum accelerator globulin
A substance in serum that accelerates the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin in the presence of thromboplastin and calcium; produced by the action of traces of thrombin upon plasma accelerator globulin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serum accident
Anaphylactic shock resulting from injection of foreign serum for therapeutic purposes. ... See: serum sickness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serum agar
An enriched medium for cultivation of fastidious organisms; prepared by adding sterile serum to melted agar. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serum agglutinin
An antibody which coats erythrocytes; the cells do not agglutinate when suspended in saline, but do agglutinate when suspended in serum or other protein media such as albumin. ... Synonym: incomplete antibody. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

serum albumin
<protein> The serum level of the low molecular protein albumin. Albumin, produced by the liver, plays an important role in maintaining plasma oncotic pressure. Normal serum albumin should be 3.5-5.0 grams per decilitre. Low serum albumin can be found in cases of liver disease and malnutrition. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

serum albumin, bovine
Serum albumin from cows, commonly used in in vitro biological studies. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

serum albumin, radio-iodinated
<chemical> Normal human serum albumin mildly iodinated with radioactive iodine (131-I) which has a half-life of 8 days, and emits beta and gamma rays. It is used as a diagnostic aid in blood volume determination. ... Pharmacological action: radiopharmaceuticals. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

serum amyloid
In secondary amyloidosis the fibrils deposited in tissues are unrelated to immunoglobulin light chains (in contrast to the situation in primary amyloidosis) and are made of amyloid A protein (AA protein). This is derived from serum amyloid A (SAA) that is the apolipoprotein of a high density lipoprotein and an acute phase protein. Partial proteolys …

serum amyloid P component
Precursor of amyloid component P, found in basement membrane. Member of the pentraxin family. ... See: serum amyloid. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

serum bactericidal test
Method of measuring the bactericidal activity contained in a patient's serum as a result of antimicrobial therapy. It is used to monitor the therapy in bacterial endocarditis, osteomyelitis and other serious bacterial infections. As commonly performed, the test is a variation of the broth dilution test. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

serum bicarbonate
A measure of the bicarbonate level in the blood based on a venipuncture specimen. The serum carbon dioxide is one of the normally reported values in the electrolytes profile. Lower levels of carbon dioxide indicate an acidosis. The normal level is 20 to 29 mEq/L. Lower than normal levels can indicate diabetic ketoacidosis, lactic acidosis, alcoholi …

serum cholinesterase
<enzyme> A test which measures acetylcholinesterase and pseudocholinesterase, two enzymes which normally breakdown acetylcholine. Acetylcholinesterase is found in nerve tissue while pseudocholinesterase is found primarily in the liver. This test may be performed as a screening tool prior to the administration of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT …

serum disease
Synonym for serum sickness ... A hypersensitivity response (type III) to the injection of large amounts of antigen, as might happen when large amounts of antiserum are given in a passive immunisation. The effects are caused by the presence of soluble immune complexes in the tissues. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

serum erythropoietin
<protein> Erythropoietin is a protein hormone which is produced by specialised cells in the kidneys. These cells are sensitive to low arterial oxygen concentration and will release erythropoietin when oxygen is low. Erythropoietin stimulates the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells (to increase the oxygen caring capacity of the blood). …

serum factor VIII antigen
A test used to measure the activity of a blood clotting factor VIII (Von Willebrand factor). This test is usually used to monitor treatment of haemophilia. Abnormally low factor VIII assays may be seen in the following conditions: congenital deficiency of factor VIII (haemophilia), DIC and secondary fibrinolysis. This test may also be performed in …

serum ferritin
<protein> A test that measures the amount of ferritin, a major iron storage protein. This test reflects the amount of iron stored in the body. Higher than normal values can be seen in haemochromatosis. Normal values for males: 12 to 300 ng/ml, females: 10 to 150 ng/ml. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

serum globulins
All blood proteins except albumin ( = serum albumin, which is not a globulin) and fibrinogen (which is not in the serum). The serum globulins are subdivided into alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins on the basis of their electrophoretic mobilities. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...