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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


siccative
Synonym for siccant ... 1. Drying; removing moisture from surrounding substances. ... 2. A substance with such properties. ... Synonym: siccative. ... Origin: L. Siccans (-ant-), pres. P. Of sicco, pp. -atus, to dry ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sicchasia
Synonym: nausea. ... 2. Loathing for food. ... Origin: G. Sikchasia, loathing, fr. Sikchos, squeamish ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

siccolabile
Subject to alteration or destruction on drying. ... Origin: L. Siccus, dry, + labilis, perishable ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

siccostabile
Siccostable ... Not subject to alteration or destruction on drying. ... Origin: L. Siccus, dry, + stabilis, stable ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sick
1. Affected with disease of any kind; ill; indisposed; not in health. See the Synonym under Illness. 'Simon's wife's mother lay sick of a fever.' (Mark i. 30) 'Behold them that are sick with famine.' (Jer. Xiv. 18) ... 2. Affected with, or attended by, nausea; inclined to vomit; as, sick at the stomach; a sick headache. ... 3. Having a strong dislike …

sick building syndrome
<syndrome> A group of symptoms that are two- to three-fold more common in those who work in large, energy-efficient buildings, associated with an increased frequency of headaches, lethargy, and dry skin. Clinical manifestations include hypersensitivity pneumonitis (alveolitis, extrinsic allergic), allergic rhinitis (rhinitis, allergic, perenn …

sick euthyroid syndrome
Synonym for euthyroid sick syndrome ... <syndrome> Abnormalities in levels of hormones and function tests related to the thyroid gland occurring in patients with severe systemic disease. Thyroid function is actually normal in these patients, and it is uncertain whether treatment of these abnormalities would be beneficial. ... Synonym: sick euth …

sick headache
Synonym for migraine ... <disease> An often familial symptom complex of periodic attacks of vascular headache, usually temporal and unilateral in onset, commonly associated with irritability, nausea, vomiting, constipation or diarrhoea and often photophobia, attacks are preceded by constriction of the cranial arteries, usually with resultant p …

sick leave
An absence from work permitted because of illness or the number of days per year for which an employer agrees to pay employees who are sick. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sick role
Behaviour patterns consistent with those expected of an individual functioning in a state of ill health. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sick sinus syndrome
<syndrome> A disorder consisting of abnormalities of supraventricular impulse generation and conduction which produce a wide variety of intermittent rapid and slow supraventricular arrhythmias. ... Common symptoms include palpitations, faintness and fainting. ... Diagnosis is generally by 24 hour cardiac monitoring. A permanent pacemaker is ind …

sicken
1. To make sick; to disease. 'Raise this strength, and sicken that to death.' (Prior) ... 2. To make qualmish; to nauseate; to disgust; as, to sicken the stomach. ... 3. To impair; to weaken. ... Origin: Sickened; Sickening. ... 1. To become sick; to fall into disease. 'The judges that sat upon the jail, and those that attended, sickened upon it and di …

sicklaemia
Presence of sickle-or crescent-shaped erythrocytes in peripheral blood; seen in sickle cell anaemia and sickle cell trait. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sickle
1. A reaping instrument consisting of a steel blade curved into the form of a hook, and having a handle fitted on a tang. The sickle has one side of the blade notched, so as always to sharpen with a serrated edge. Cf. Reaping hook, under Reap. 'When corn has once felt the sickle, it has no more benefit from the sunshine.' (Shak) ... 2. <astronomy …

sickle cell
<haematology, pathology> An erythrocyte that changes from the normal discoid shape to a sickled shape when the oxygen tension is low. ... The pesence of these cells indicates that the patient is homozygotes for the allele that codes for haemoglobin S and that the patient has sickle cell anaemia. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

sickle cell anaemia
<haematology> Disease common in races of people from areas in which malaria is endemic. ... The cause is a point mutation in the allele that codes for the beta chain of haemoglobin with a substitution of (valine for glutamic acid at position 6. The defective haemoglobin (HbS) crystallizes readily at low oxygen tension. ... In consequence, eryth …

sickle cell C disease
A disease resulting from abnormal sickle-shaped erythrocytes (containing haemoglobin C and S) which appear in response to a lowering of the partial pressure of oxygen; characterised by anaemia, crises due to haemolysis or vascular occlusion, chronic leg ulcers and bone deformities, and infarcts of bone or of the spleen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sickle cell crisis
Synonym for sickle cell anaemia ... <haematology> Disease common in races of people from areas in which malaria is endemic. ... The cause is a point mutation in the allele that codes for the beta chain of haemoglobin with a substitution of (valine for glutamic acid at position 6. The defective haemoglobin (HbS) crystallizes readily at low oxyge …

sickle cell dactylitis
Synonym for hand-and-foot syndrome ... <syndrome> Recurrent painful swelling of the hands and feet occurring in infants and young children with sickle cell anaemia. ... Synonym: sickle cell dactylitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sickle cell disease
Synonym for sickle cell anaemia ... <haematology> Disease common in races of people from areas in which malaria is endemic. ... The cause is a point mutation in the allele that codes for the beta chain of haemoglobin with a substitution of (valine for glutamic acid at position 6. The defective haemoglobin (HbS) crystallizes readily at low oxyge …

sickle cell haemoglobin
Synonym for haemoglobin S ... <haematology> Haemoglobin S is an abnormal version of the protein haemoglobin. ... The sixth amino acid of the normal beta chain, glutamic acid, is replaced by valine with gluconic acid. This mutation causes the red blood cell to take on a sickle shape, and is the cause of the sickle cell trait condition (when the …

sickle cell prep
<haematology, investigation> A test which looks at red blood cells under the microscope to detect sickle cells after an agent which lowers the oxygen content of the sample is added. ... A positive test is result is determined by the presence of sickle cells. Abnormal results indicate sickle cell anaemia or sickle cell trait. ... (27 Sep 1997)
sickle cell retinopathy
A condition marked by dilation and tortuosity of retinal veins, and by microaneurysms and retinal haemorrhages; advanced stages may show neovascularization, vitreous haemorrhage, or retinal detachment. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sickle cell test
<investigation> A test which looks at red blood cells under the microscope to detect sickle cells after an agent which lowers the oxygen content of the sample is added. A positive test is result is determined by the presence of sickle cells. Abnormal results indicate sickle cell anaemia or sickle cell trait. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

sickle cell trait
<haematology> This condition occurs in people who have one of two possible genes (i.e., they are heterozygous forthe allele) that code for the defective haemoglobin responsible for sickle cell anaemia. ... The coditionis diagnosed by exposing an individual's red blood cells to a low oxygen environment, if the trait is present, the cells will t …

sickle cell-thalassaemia disease
Synonym for microdrepanocytic anaemia ... Anaemia, clinically resembling sickle cell anaemia, in which individuals are compound heterozygous for the sickle cell gene and a thalassaemia gene; about 60 to 80% of haemoglobin is Hb S, up to 20% Hb F, and the remainder Hb anaemia. ... Synonym: sickle cell-thalassaemia disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sickle flap
A sickle-shaped flap from the anterior scalp and one side of the forehead, based on the opposite temporal artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sickle form
Synonym for malarial crescent ... The male or female gametocyte(s) of Plasmodium falciparum, whose presence in human red blood cells is diagnostic of falciparum malaria. ... Synonym: crescent, sickle form. ... Myopic crescent, a white or grayish white crescentic area in the fundus of the eye located on the temporal side of the optic disk; caused by at …

sickle scotoma
Synonym for Bjerrum's scotoma ... A comet-shaped scotoma, occurring in glaucoma, attached at the temporal end to the blind spot or separated from it by a narrow gap; the defect widens as it extends above and nasally curves around the fixation spot, and then extends downward to end exactly at the nasal horizontal meridian. ... Synonym: Bjerrum's sign, …

sickling
Production of sickle-shaped erythrocytes in the circulation, as in sickle cell anaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sickly
1. Somewhat sick; disposed to illness; attended with disease; as, a sickly body. 'This physic but prolongs thy sickly days.' (Shak) ... 2. Producing, or tending to, disease; as, a sickly autumn; a sickly climate. ... 3. Appearing as if sick; weak; languid; pale. 'The moon grows sickly at the sight of day.' (Dryden) 'Nor torrid summer's sickly smile.' …

sickness
1. The quality or state of being sick or diseased; illness; sisease or malady. 'I do lament the sickness of the king.' (Shak) 'Trust not too much your now resistless charms; Those, age or sickness soon or late disarms.' (Pope) ... 2. Nausea; qualmishness; as, sickness of stomach. ... Synonym: Illness, disease, malady. See Illness. ... Origin: AS. Seoc …

sickness impact profile
A quality-of-life scale developed in the united states in 1972 as a measure of health status or dysfunction generated by a disease. It is a behaviourally based questionnaire for patients and addresses activities such as sleep and rest, mobility, recreation, home management, emotional behaviour, social interaction, and the like. It measures the pati …

side
1. Of or pertaining to a side, or the sides; being on the side, or toward the side; lateral. 'One mighty squadron with a side wind sped.' (Dryden) ... 2. Hence, indirect; oblique; collateral; incidental; as, a side issue; a side view or remark. 'The law hath no side respect to their persons.' (Hooker) ... 3. [AS. Sid. Cf Side] Long; large; extensive. …

side chain
A chain of noncyclic atoms linked to a benzene ring, or to any cyclic chain compound, the atoms of an alpha-amino acid other than the alpha-carboxyl group, the alpha-amino group, the alpha-carbon, and the hydrogen attached to the alpha-carbon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

side effect
<pharmacology> A consequence other than the one for which an agent or measure is used, as the adverse effects produced by a drug, especially on a tissue or organ system other than the one sought to be benefited by its administration. ... For example: hair loss may be a side effect of chemotherapy, fatigue may be a side effect of radiation ther …

side effects
Problems that occur when treatment affects healthy cells. Common side effects of cancer treatment are fatigue, nausea, vomiting, decreased blood cell counts, hair loss, and mouth sores. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

side-chain theory
Ehrlich postulated that cells contained surface extensions or side chains (haptophores) that bind to the antigenic determinants of a toxin (toxophores); after a cell is stimulated, the haptophores are released into the circulation and become the antibodies. ... See: receptor. ... Synonym: Ehrlich's postulate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sidebones
Ossification of the lateral cartilages of the horse's foot, seen most often in the forefeet of the heavier working breeds; exostoses often appear, and may be seen and palpated above the hoof line. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sideramine
<biochemistry> Naturally occurring iron binding compounds, hydroxamic acids. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

sidereal
1. Relating to the stars; starry; astral; as, sidereal astronomy. ... 2. <astronomy> Measuring by the apparent motion of the stars; designated, marked out, or accompanied, by a return to the same position in respect to the stars; as, the sidereal revolution of a planet; a sidereal day. Sidereal clock, day, month, year. See Clock, Day, etc. Sid …

siderite
1. <chemical> Carbonate of iron, an important ore of iron occuring generally in cleavable masses, but also in rhombohedral crystals. It is of a light yellowish brown colour. Called also sparry iron, spathic iron. A meteorite consisting solely of metallic iron. ... An indigo-blue variety of quartz. ... Formerly, magnetic iron ore, or loadstone.< …

sidero-
Iron. ... Origin: G. Sideros ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sideroblast
<haematology> Red blood cells containing Pappenheimer bodies, small, deeply basophilic granules that contain ferric iron. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

sideroblastic anaemia
<haematology> A form of refractory anaemia caused by sideroblasts in the bone marrow. ... Origin: Gr. Haima = blood ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

sideroblastosis
<haematology> A condition characterised by and increased number of sideroblasts in the bloodstream. A sideroblast is an erythroblast containing granules of ferritin stained by the Prussian blue reaction. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

siderocyte
An erythrocyte containing granules of free iron, as detected by the Prussian blue reaction, in the blood of normal foetuses, where they constitute from 0.10 to 4.5% of the erythrocytes. ... Origin: sidero-+ G. Kytos, cell ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sideroderma
Brownish discoloration of the skin on the legs due to haemosiderin deposits. ... Origin: sidero-+ G. Derma, skin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

siderofibrosis
Fibrosis associated with small foci in which iron is deposited. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

siderogenous
Iron-forming. ... Origin: sidero-+ G. -gen, producing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

siderography
The art or practice of steel engraving; especially, the process, invented by Perkins, of multiplying facsimiles of an engraved steel plate by first rolling over it, when hardened, a soft steel cylinder, and then rolling the cylinder, when hardened, over a soft steel plate, which thus becomes a facsimile of the original. The process has been superse …

sideromycins
<pharmacology> Nonchelating antibiotic analogues produced by some enteric bacteria, interfere with the uptake of sideramine ferric ion complexes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

sideropenia
An abnormally low level of serum iron. ... Origin: sidero-+ G. Penia, poverty ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sideropenic
Characterised by sideropenia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sideropenic dysphagia
Synonym for plummer-vinson syndrome ... <radiology> Iron-deficiency anaemia, oesophageal webs (symptomatic), glossitis, spoon nails, middle-aged females, increased incidence of oesophageal carcinoma, see also: oesophageal webs and rings aka: Patterson-Kelly syndrome ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

siderophage
Synonym: siderophore. ... Origin: sidero-+ G. Phago, to eat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

siderophil
Siderophile ... 1. Absorbing iron. ... Synonym: siderophilous. ... 2. A cell or tissue that contains iron. ... Origin: sidero-+ G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

siderophilins
<protein> Family of nonhaem iron chelating proteins (about 80 kD) found in vertebrates. ... Examples are lactoferrin and transferrin. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

siderophilous
Synonym for siderophil ... Siderophile ... 1. Absorbing iron. ... Synonym: siderophilous. ... 2. A cell or tissue that contains iron. ... Origin: sidero-+ G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

siderophone
An obsolete term for an electrical device for detecting a bit of iron in the eyeball, its presence causing the instrument to sound. ... Origin: sidero-+ G. Phone, sound ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

siderophore
Natural iron binding compounds that chelate ferric ions (which form insoluble colloidal hydroxides at neutral pH and are then inaccessible) and are then taken up together with the metal ion. ... See: sideramines. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

siderophores
Low-molecular-weight compounds produced by microorganisms that aid in the transport and sequestration of ferric iron. (the encyclopedia of molecular biology, 1994) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

siderosilicosis
Silicosis due to inhalation of dust containing iron and silica. ... Synonym: silicosiderosis. ... Origin: sidero-+ silicosis ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

siderotic
Related to siderosis; pigmented by iron or containing an excess of iron. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

siderotic cataract
A cataract resulting from deposition of iron from an iron-containing intraocular foreign body. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

siderotic nodules
Synonym for Gamna-Gandy bodies ... Small firm spheroidal or irregular foci that are yellow-brown, brown, or rustlike in colour, occurring chiefly in the spleen in such conditions as congestive splenomegaly and sickle cell disease, and consisting of relatively dense fibrous tissue or collagenous fibres impregnated with iron pigment and calcium salts; …

sideswipe elbow fracture
<radiology> Comminuted fracture of the distal humerus, due to direct trauma (elbow in car window hits approaching vehicle) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

SIDS
Synonym for sudden infant death syndrome ... <syndrome> May affect infants of any age, but some risk factors have been identified: term infants who have had a life-threatening period of apnoea (not breathing), premature infants of low birth weight, siblings of infants who have succumbed to sudden infant death syndrome and infants of substance …

siege
1. A seat; especially, a royal seat; a throne. 'Upon the very siege of justice.' 'A stately siege of sovereign majesty, And thereon sat a woman gorgeous gay.' (Spenser) 'In our great hall there stood a vacant chair . . . And Merlin called it 'The siege perilous.'' (Tennyson) ... 2. Hence, place or situation; seat. 'Ah! traitorous eyes, come out of y …

Siegert
Ferdinand, German paediatrician, 1865-1946. ... See: Siegert's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Siegert's sign
<clinical sign> Shortness and inward curvature of the terminal phalanges of the fifth fingers in Down's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Siegle
Emil, German otologist, 1833-1900. ... See: Siegle's otoscope. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

siemens
The SI unit of electrical conductance; the conductance of a body with an electrical resistance of 1 ohm, allowing 1 ampere of current to flow per volt applied; equal to 1 mho. ... Synonym: mho. ... Abbreviation: S ... Origin: Sir William Siemens, Ger. Born British engineer, 1823-1883 ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Siemens, Hermann Werner
<person> German dermatologist, 1891-1969. ... See: Christ-Siemens-Touraine syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sienna
<chemistry> Clay that is coloured red or brown by the oxides of iron or manganese, and used as a pigment. It is used either in the raw state or burnt. Burnt sienna, sienna made of a much redder colour by the action of fire. Raw sienna, sienna in its natural state, of a transparent yellowish brown colour. ... Origin: It. Terra di Siena, fr. Sie …

sierra leone
A republic in western africa, south of guinea and west of liberia. Its capital is freetown. Its coast was first visited by the portuguese in 1462, later by english slave traders. In 1787 english philanthropists sponsored settlements on the coast for runaway and freed slaves. After a clash with the french in 1893 the region was acquired by treaty in …

sieve
1. A utensil for separating the finer and coarser parts of a pulverized or granulated substance from each other. It consist of a vessel, usually shallow, with the bottom perforated, or made of hair, wire, or the like, woven in meshes. 'In a sieve thrown and sifted.' ... 2. A kind of coarse basket. ... <botany> Sieve cells, cribriform cells. See …

sieve bone
Synonym for cribriform plate of ethmoid bone ... A horizontal lamina from which are suspended the labyrinth, on either side, and the lamina perpendicularis in the centre; it fits into the ethmoidal notch of the frontal bone and supports the olfactory lobes of the cerebrum, being pierced with numerous openings for the passage of the olfactory nerves. …

sieve graft
An obsolete term for a full-thickness skin graft taken after cutting multiple holes in it with a circular punch, thus leaving islands of skin in the donor area to heal it. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sieve plate
Perforated end walls separating the component cells (sieve elements) that make up the phloem sieve tubes in vascular plants. The perforations permit the flow of water and dissolved organic solutes along the tube and are lined with callose. The plates are readily blocked by further deposition of callose when the sieve tube is stressed or damaged. …

sieve tube
The structure within the phloem of higher plants that is responsible for transporting organic material (sucrose, raffinose, amino acids, etc.) from the photosynthetic tissues (e.g. Leaves) to other parts of the plant. Made up of a column of cells (sieve elements) connected by sieve plates. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Sievert
<unit> The special name for the SI unit of dose equivalent. ... One sievert equals one joule per kilogram. The previously used unit, rem, is being replace by the sievert. One sievert is equal to 100 rem. ... Abbreviation: Sv ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

SIF
<abbreviation> Somatotropin release-inhibiting factor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Siggaard-Andersen nomogram
A nomogram used to predict acid-base composition of blood by the slope and position of a buffer line constructed when PCO2 on a logarithmic scale is plotted against pH. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Siggaard-Andersen, Ole
<person> Danish clinical biochemist, *1932. ... See: Siggaard-Andersen nomogram. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sigh
1. A deep and prolonged audible inspiration or respiration of air, as when fatigued or grieved; the act of sighing. 'I could drive the boat with my sighs.' (Shak) ... 2. Figuratively, a manifestation of grief; a lanent. 'With their sighs the air Frequenting, sent from hearts contrite.' (Milton) ... Origin: OE. Sigh; cf. OE. Sik. See Sigh. ... 1. To ex …

sight
1. The act of seeing; perception of objects by the eye; view; as, to gain sight of land. 'A cloud received him out of their sight.' (Acts. I. 9) ... 2. The power of seeing; the faculty of vision, or of perceiving objects by the instrumentality of the eyes. 'Thy sight is young, And thou shalt read when mine begin to dazzle.' (Shak) 'O loss of sight, …

sight blindness
Synonym for asymbolia ... A form of aphasia in which the significance of signs and symbols is not appreciated. ... Synonym: sight blindness. ... Synonym: asemasia, asaemia. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + symbolon, an outward sign ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sigma
The 18th letter of the Greek alphabet, &sigma;. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sigma bond
<chemistry> A bond formed from the overlap of either two s-orbitals or two hybrid orbitals such as sp3 or sp2 orbitals. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

sigma effect
Synonym for Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect ... The decrease in apparent viscosity that occurs when a suspension, such as blood, is made to flow through a tube of smaller diameter; observed in tubes less than about 0.3 mm in diameter. ... Synonym: sigma effect. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sigma factor
Initiation factor (86 kD) that binds to E. Coli DNA dependent RNA polymerase and promotes attachment to specific initiation sites on DNA. Following attachment, the sigma factor is released. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

sigma peptide
A peptide with one end bonded to a point within the chain, usually by means of the disulfide group of a cystine residue, so that only one end of the peptide is free; so called since the peptide chain has then the rough shape of the Greek letter sigma; e.g., oxytocin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sigmatism
Synonym: lisping. ... Origin: G. Sigma, the letter S ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sigmoid
1. Shaped like the letter S or the letter C. ... 2. The sigmoid colon. ... Origin: Gr. Sigmoeid, from the letter sigma, eidos = form ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

sigmoid arteries
Origin, inferior mesenteric; distribution, descending colon and sigmoid flexure; anastomoses, left colic, superior rectal. ... Synonym: arteriae sigmoideae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sigmoid colon
<anatomy> The portion of the colon that connects to the descending colon above and the rectum below. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

sigmoid flexure
Synonym for sigmoid colon ... <anatomy> The portion of the colon that connects to the descending colon above and the rectum below. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

sigmoid fossa
Synonym for groove for sigmoid sinus ... A broad groove in the posterior cranial fossa, first situated on the lateral portion of the occipital bone, then curving around the jugular process on to the mastoid portion of the temporal bone, and finally turning sharply on the posterior inferior angle of the parietal bone and becoming continuous with the …

sigmoid groove
Synonym for groove for sigmoid sinus ... A broad groove in the posterior cranial fossa, first situated on the lateral portion of the occipital bone, then curving around the jugular process on to the mastoid portion of the temporal bone, and finally turning sharply on the posterior inferior angle of the parietal bone and becoming continuous with the …