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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

snub-nose dwarfism
Dwarfism characterised by low birth weight, snub nose, and stocky build; autosomal dominant inheritance. There is a similar autosomal recessive phenotype. ... Synonym: dominantly inherited Levi's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

snub-nosed
Having a short, flat nose, slightly turned up; as, the snub-nosed eel. ... <zoology> Snub-nosed cachalot, the pygmy sperm whale. ... (11 Mar 1998) ...

snuff
1. To inhale forcibly through the nose. ... 2. Finely powdered tobacco used by inhalation through the nose or applied to the gums. ... 3. Any medicated powder applied by insufflation to the nasal mucous membrane. ... Origin: echoic ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

snuff-box
See: anatomical snuffbox. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

snuffle
To speak through the nose; to breathe through the nose when it is obstructed, so as to make a broken sound. 'One clad in purple Eats, and recites some lamentable rhyme . . . Snuffling at nose, and croaking in his throat.' (Dryden) ... Origin: Freq. Of snuff, v.i.; akin to LG. Snuffeln, G. Schnuffeln, D. Snuffeln, Dan. Snovle. Cf. Sniffle. ... Source: …

snuffles
Obstructed nasal respiration, especially in the newborn infant, sometimes due to congenital syphilis. ... Rabbit snuffles, acute inflammation of the upper nasal passages, usually associated with Pasteurella organisms; in outbreaks of snuffles in rabbitries there usually are some deaths from pneumonia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Snyder
Marshall L., U.S. Microbiologist, *1907. ... See: Snyder's test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Snyder's test
A colourimetric test for determining dental caries activity or susceptibility based on the rate of acid production by acidogenic oral microorganisms (e.g., lactobacillus) in a glucose medium, using bromcresol green as the indicator, and producing a colour change from green to yellow. ... Synonym: colourimetric caries susceptibility test. ... (05 Mar …

soak
1. To cause or suffer to lie in a fluid till the substance has imbibed what it can contain; to macerate in water or other liquid; to steep, as for the purpose of softening or freshening; as, to soak cloth; to soak bread; to soak salt meat, salt fish, or the like. ... 2. To drench; to wet thoroughly. 'Their land shall be soaked with blood.' (Isa. Xxi …

soap
A substance which dissolves in water, thus forming a lather, and is used as a cleansing agent. Soap is produced by combining fats or oils with alkalies or alkaline earths, usually by boiling, and consists of salts of sodium, potassium, etc, with the fatty acids (oleic, stearic, palmitic, etc). See the Note below, and cf. Saponification. By extensio …

soapberry tree
<botany> Any tree of the genus Sapindus, especially. Sapindus saponaria, the fleshy part of whose fruit is used instead of soap in washing linen. ... Synonym: soap tree. ... (11 Mar 1998) ...

soapfish
<marine biology> Any serranoid fish of the genus Rhypticus; so called from the soapy feeling of its skin. ... (11 Mar 1998) ...

soaps
Sodium or potassium salts of long chain fatty acids. These detergent substances are obtained by boiling natural oils or fats with caustic alkali. Sodium soaps are harder and are used as topical anti-infectives and vehicles in pills and liniments; potassium soaps are soft, used as vehicles for ointments and also as topical antimicrobials. ... (12 Dec …

soapstone
Synonym for talc ... <chemical> A soft mineral of a soapy feel and a greenish, whitish, or grayish colour, usually occurring in foliated masses. It is hydrous silicate of magnesia. Steatite, or soapstone, is a compact granular variety. Indurated talc, an impure, slaty talc, with a nearly compact texture, and greater hardness than common talc.< …

soapsuds enema
An enema of shredded or powdered soap in warm water. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

soapy warm soaks
A mild dish soap in a lukewarm solution can be very effect in passive debridement of (removing dead tissue and debris) a wound. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

Soave
F., 20th century Italian paediatric surgeon. ... See: Soave operation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Soave operation
Endorectal pull-through for treatment of congenital megacolon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sob
1. The act of sobbing; a convulsive sigh, or inspiration of the breath, as in sorrow. 'Break, heart, or choke with sobs my hated breath.' (Dryden) ... 2. Any sorrowful cry or sound. 'The tremulous sob of the complaining owl.' (Wordsworth) ... To sigh with a sudden heaving of the breast, or with a kind of convulsive motion; to sigh with tears, and wit …

sober
1. Temperate in the use of spirituous liquors; habitually temperate; as, a sober man. 'That we may hereafter live a godly, righteous, and sober life, to the glory of Thy holy name.' (Bk. Of Com. Prayer) ... 2. Not intoxicated or excited by spirituous liquors; as, the sot may at times be sober. ... 3. Not mad or insane; not wild, visionary, or heated …

soboles
<botany> A shoot running along under ground, forming new plants at short distances. ... A sucker, as of tree or shrub. ... Origin: L. Soboles = a short. ... (11 Mar 1998) ...

soc
1. The lord's power or privilege of holding a court in a district, as in manor or lordship; jurisdiction of causes, and the limits of that jurisdiction. Liberty or privilege of tenants excused from customary burdens. ... 2. An exclusive privilege formerly claimed by millers of grrinding all the corn used within the manor or township which the mill s …

socaloin
C15H16O7;an aloin obtained from aloes of the island of Socotra. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

soccer
A game in which a round inflated ball is advanced by kicking or propelling with any part of the body except the hands or arms. The object of the game is to place the ball in opposite goals. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

socia
An ectopic, supernumerary, or accessory portion of an organ. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

socia parotidis
Synonym: accessory parotid gland. ... Origin: L. Companion of the parotid ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

social
1. Of or pertaining to society; relating to men living in society, or to the public as an aggregate body; as, social interest or concerns; social pleasure; social benefits; social happiness; social duties. 'Social phenomena.' ... 2. Ready or disposed to mix in friendly converse; companionable; sociable; as, a social person. ... 3. Consisting in union …

social adaptation
Adjustment to living in accordance with interpersonal, social, and cultural norms. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

social adjustment
Those types of relationships which involve the accommodation of the individual to circumstances in his social environment for the satisfaction of his needs or motives. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social alienation
The state of estrangement individuals feel in cultural settings that they view as foreign, unpredictable, or unacceptable. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social behaviour
Any behaviour caused by or affecting another individual, usually of the same species. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social behaviour disorders
Behaviours which are at variance with the expected social norm and which affect other individuals. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social change
Social process whereby the values, attitudes, or institutions of society, such as education, family, religion, and industry become modified. It includes both the natural process and action programs initiated by members of the community. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social class
A stratum of people with similar position and prestige; includes social stratification. Social class is measured by criteria such as education, occupation, and income. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social conditions
The state of society as it exists or in flux. While it usually refers to society as a whole in a specified geographical or political region, it is applicable also to restricted strata of a society. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social conformity
Behavioural or attitudinal compliance with recognised social patterns or standards. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social control
The influence on the behaviour of a person exerted by other persons or by society as a whole; e.g., through appropriate social norms, ostracism, or the criminal law. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

social control policies
Decisions for determining and guiding present and future objectives from among alternatives. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social control, formal
Control which is exerted by the more stable organizations of society, such as established institutions and the law. They are ordinarily embodied in definite codes, usually written. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social control, informal
Those forms of control which are exerted in less concrete and tangible ways, as through folkways, mores, conventions, and public sentiment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social desirability
A personality trait rendering the individual acceptable in social or interpersonal relations. It is related to social acceptance, social approval, popularity, social status, leadership qualities, or any quality making him a socially desirable companion. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social diseases
An obsolete term used to designate venereal disease's, especially gonorrhoea and syphilis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

social distance
The degree of closeness or acceptance an individual or group feels toward another individual or group. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social dominance
Superiority of relationship and rank of an individual in relation to his associates. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social environment
The aggregate of social and cultural institutions, forms, patterns, and processes that influence the life of an individual or community. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social facilitation
Any enhancement of a motivated behaviour in which individuals do the same thing with some degree of mutual stimulation and consequent coordination. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social identification
The process wherein the individual so strongly feels himself a member of a group that he adopts its ideas, beliefs, and habits. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social instinct
Synonym for herd instinct ... Tendency or inclination to band together with and share the customs of others of a group, and to conform to the opinions and adopt the views of the group. ... Synonym: social instinct. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

social intelligence
The capacity to understand and manage one's human relations and social affairs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

social isolation
The separation of individuals or groups resulting in the lack of or minimizing of social contact and/or communication. This separation may be accomplished by physical separation, by social barriers and by psychological mechanisms. In the latter, there may be interaction but no real communication. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social justice
An interactive process whereby members of a community are concerned for the equality and rights of all. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social maladjustment
Maladjustment without manifest psychiatric disorder, as that occasioned by an inability to cope with social situations. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

social medicine
A branch of medicine concerned with the role of socio-environmental factors in the occurrence, prevention and treatment of disease. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social mobility
The movement or shifting of membership between or within social classes by individuals or by groups. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social network therapy
A type of therapy involving the assembling of all persons emotionally or functionally important to the patient for the purpose of affecting behavioural change in the patient. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

social perception
The perceiving of attributes, characteristics, and behaviours of one's associates or social groups. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social planning
Interactional process combining investigation, discussion, and agreement by a number of people in the preparation and carrying out of a program to ameliorate conditions of need or social pathology in the community. It usually involves the action of a formal political, legal, or recognised voluntary body. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social problems
Situations affecting a significant number of people, that are believed to be sources of difficulty or threaten the stability of the community, and that require programs of amelioration. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social psychiatry
An approach to psychiatric theory and practice emphasizing the cultural and sociological aspects of mental disorder and treatment; the application of psychiatry to social problems. ... See: community psychiatry. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

social reinforcement
<psychology> The strengthening of a response with a social reward such as a nod of approval, a parent's love or attention. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social responsibility
<psychology> The obligations and accountability assumed in carrying out actions or ideas in behalf of others. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social sciences
Disciplines concerned with the interrelationships of individuals in a social environment including social organizations and institutions. Includes sociology and anthropology. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social security
Government sponsored social insurance programs. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social support
Support systems that provide assistance and encouragement to individuals with physical or emotional disabilities in order that they may better cope. Informal social support is usually provided by friends, relatives, or peers, while formal assistance is provided by churches, groups, etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social therapy
<psychiatry> A psychiatric rehabilitative therapy to improve a patient's social functioning. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

social values
<psychology> Abstract standards or empirical variables in social life which are believed to be important and/or desirable. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social welfare
Organised institutions which provide services to ameliorate conditions of need or social pathology in the community. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social work
The use of community resources, individual case work, or group work to promote the adaptive capacities of individuals in relation to their social and economic environments. It includes social service agencies. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social work department, hospital
Hospital department responsible for administering and providing social services to patients and their families. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social work, psychiatric
Use of all social work processes in the treatment of patients in a psychiatric or mental health setting. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

social worker
<specialist> An individual, usually with a university degree in social work, who provides counsel and aid to individuals with emotional and family problems. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

socialised medicine
The organization and control of medical practice by a government agency, the practitioners being employed by the organization from which they receive standardised compensation for their services, and to which the public contributes usually in the form of taxation rather than fee-for-service. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

socialism
A system of government in which means of production and distribution of goods are controlled by the state. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

socialization
The training or molding of an individual through various relationships, educational agencies, and social controls, which enables him to become a member of a particular society. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

societies
Organizations composed of members with common interests and whose professions may be similar. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

societies, dental
Societies whose membership is limited to dentists. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

societies, hospital
Societies having institutional membership limited to hospitals and other health care institutions. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

societies, medical
Societies whose membership is limited to physicians. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

societies, nursing
Societies whose membership is limited to nurses. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

societies, pharmaceutical
Societies whose membership is limited to pharmacists. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

societies, scientific
Societies whose membership is limited to scientists. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

socio-
Social, society. ... Origin: L. Socius, companion ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

socio-economic
Relating to social or economic factors or to a combination of both social and economic factors. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

sociocentric
Outgoing; reactive to the social or cultural milieu. ... Origin: socio-+ L. Centrum, centre ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sociocentrism
Taking one's own social group as the standard by which others are measured. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sociocosm
The totality that includes human society, human thought, and the relationship of man to nature. ... Origin: socio-+ G. Kosmos, universe ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

socioeconomic factors
Social and economic factors that characterise the individual or group within the social structure. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

socioenvironmental therapy
Therapy whose primary emphasis is on the physical and social structuring of the environment to promote interpersonal relationships which will be influential in reducing behavioural disturbances of patients. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sociogenesis
The origin of social behaviour from past interpersonal experiences. ... Origin: socio-+ G. Genesis, origin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sociogram
A diagrammatic representation of the valences and degrees of attractiveness and acceptance of each individual rated according to the interpersonal interactions between and among members of a group; a diagram in which group interactions are analyzed on the basis of mutual attractions or antipathies between group members. ... Origin: socio-+ G. Gramma …

sociology, medical
The study of the social determinants and social effects of health and disease, and of the social structure of medical institutions or professions. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sociomedical
Pertaining to the relation of the practice of medicine to society. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sociometric distance
Some measurable degree of mutual or social perception, acceptance, and understanding; hypothetically, greater sociometric distance is associated with more inaccuracy in evaluating a relationship (e.g., it is easier to understand and deal with a native than a foreigner). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sociometric techniques
Methods for quantitatively assessing and measuring interpersonal and group relationships. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sociometry
The study of interpersonal relationships in a group. ... Origin: socio-+ G. Metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sociopath
Former designation for a person with an antisocial personality type of disorder. ... See: antisocial personality, psychopath. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sociopathy
An obsolete term for the behavioural pattern exhibited by persons with an antisocial personality type of disorder. ... See: personality disorder. ... Origin: socio-+ G. Pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

socket
1. The hollow part of a joint; the excavation in one bone of a joint which receives the articular end of the other bone. ... 2. Any hollow or concavity into which another part fits, as the eye socket. ... Origin: thr. O. Fr. Fr. L. Soccus, a shoe, a sock ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

socket joint
Synonym for ball-and-socket joint ... A multiaxial synovial joint in which a more or less extensive sphere on the head of one bone fits into a rounded cavity in the other bone, as in the hip joint. ... Synonym: articulatio spheroidea, articulatio cotylica, cotyloid joint, enarthrodial joint, enarthrosis, socket joint, spheroid articulation, spheroid …

sod slabs
Pieces of sod dug out from natural grassland. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...