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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

somatic mitosis
The ordinary process of mitosis as it occurs in the somatic or body cells, characterised by the formation of the prescribed number of chromosomes, appropriate for the species (in humans the number is 46). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatic motor neuron
See: motor neuron. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatic motor nuclei
Collective term indicating the motor nuclei innervating the tongue musculature (hypoglossal nucleus) and the extraocular eye muscles (abducens nucleu, trochlear nucleus, and oculomotor nucleus). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatic mutation
Mutation that occurs in the somatic tissues of an organism and that will not, therefore, be heritable, since it is not present in the germ line. Some neoplasia is due to somatic mutation, a more conspicuous example is the reversion of some branches of variegated shrubs to the wild type (completely green) phenotype. Somatic mutation is probably also …

somatic mutation theory of cancer
That cancer is caused by a mutation or mutations in the body cells (as opposed to germ cells), especially nonlethal mutations associated with increased proliferation of the mutant cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatic nerve
<anatomy, nerve> One of the nerve's of parietal sensation or voluntary motion, as distinguished from the visceral sensory, involuntary motor and secretory nerve's. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatic nucleus
Synonym for macronucleus ... The larger nucleus (or sometimes nuclei) in ciliate protozoans. Derived from the micronucleus by a process of DNA polytenisation. The DNA in the macronucleus is actively transcribed. The macronucleus degenerates before conjugation. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

somatic recombination
One of the mechanisms used to generate diversity in antibody production is to rearrange the DNA in B-cells during their differentiation, a process that involves cutting and splicing the immunoglobulin genes. Somatic recombination via homologous crossing over occurs at a low frequency in Aspergillus, Drosphilia and Saccharomyces and in mammalian cel …

somatic reproduction
Asexual reproduction by fission or budding of somatic cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatic sensory cortex
Somatosensory cortex, the region of the cerebral cortex receiving the somatic sensory radiation from the ventrobasal nucleus of the thalamus; it represents the primary cortical processing mechanism for sensory information originating at the body surfaces (touch) and in deeper tissues such as muscle, tendons, and joint capsules (position sense); it …

somatic swallow
A swallowing pattern with muscular contractions which appear to be under control of the person at a subconscious level; distinguished from visceral swallow. ... Visceral swallow, the immature swallowing pattern of an infant or a person with tongue thrust, resembling peristaltic wavelike muscular contractions observed in the gut; adult or mature swal …

somatical
Synonym for somatic ... 1. Pertaining to or characteristic of the soma or body. ... 2. Pertaining to the body wall in contrast to the viscera. ... Origin: Gr. Somatikos ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

somaticosplanchnic
Relating to the body and the viscera. ... Synonym: somaticovisceral. ... Origin: G. Somatikos, relating to the body, + splanchnikos, relating to the viscera ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somaticovisceral
Synonym for somaticosplanchnic ... Relating to the body and the viscera. ... Synonym: somaticovisceral. ... Origin: G. Somatikos, relating to the body, + splanchnikos, relating to the viscera ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatisation disorder
A psychological disorder where there are multiple physical complaints that suggest physical disorders without any physical impairment to account for them. Gastrointestinal symptoms and pain syndromes are the most common features. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

somatization
The process by which psychological needs are expressed in physical symptoms; e.g., the expression or conversion into physical symtoms of anxiety, or a wish for material gain associated with a legal action following and injury, or a related psychological need. ... See: somatization disorder. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatization disorder
A mental disorder characterised by presentation of a complicated medical history and of physical symptoms referring to a variety of organ systems, but without a detectable or known organic basis. ... See: conversion, hysteria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somato-
Somat-somatico- ... The body, bodily. ... Origin: G. Soma, body ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatochrome
Denoting the group of neurons or nerve cells in which there is an abundance of cytoplasm completely surrounding the nucleus. ... Origin: somato-+ G. Chroma, colour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatocrinin
<protein> Peptide (44 residues) with high growth hormone releasing activity. Can be isolated from rat hypothalamus and some human pancreatic tumours. Acts on adenylate cyclase. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

somatoform disorder
A group of disorders in which physical symptoms suggesting physical disorders for which there are no demonstrable organic findings or known physiologic mechanisms, and for which there is positive evidence, or a strong presumption that the symptoms are linked to psychological factors; e.g., hysteria, conversion disorder, hypochondriasis, and pain di …

somatoform disorders
Disorders having the presence of physical symptoms that suggest a general medical condition and that are not fully explained by a general medical condition, by the direct effects of a substance, or by another mental disorder. The symptoms must cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other areas of functioning …

somatoform pain
Synonym for psychogenic pain ... Somatoform pain; pain which is associated or correlated with a psychological, emotional, or behavioural stimulus. ... Synonym: psychalgia, somatoform pain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatogenic
1. Originating in the soma or body under the influence of external forces. ... 2. Having origin in body cells. ... Origin: somato-+ G. Genesis, origin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatoliberin
A decapeptide released by the hypothalamus, which induces the release of human growth hormone (somatotropin). ... Synonym: growth hormone-releasing factor, growth hormone-releasing hormone, somatotropin-releasing factor, somatotropin-releasing hormone. ... Origin: somatotropin + L. Libero, to free, + -in ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatology
1. <study> The dictrine or the science of the general properties of material substances; somatics. ... 2. A treatise on the human body; anatomy. ... Origin: Gr, body. ... (04 Mar 1998) ...

somatomammotropin
A peptide hormone, closely related to somatotropin in its biological properties, produced by the normal placenta and by certain neoplasms. ... Origin: somato-+ L. Mamma, breast, + G. Trope, a turning, + -in ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatomedins
Insulin-like polypeptides made by the liver and some fibroblasts and released into the blood when stimulated by somatotropin. They cause sulfate incorporation into collagen, RNA, and DNA synthesis, which are prerequisites to cell division and growth of the organism. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

somatometry
Classification of persons according to body form, and relation of the types to physiologic and psychologic characteristics. ... Origin: somato-+ G. Metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatopagus
Conjoined twins united in their body regions. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Origin: somato-+ G. Pagos, something fixed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatopathic
Relating to bodily or organic illness, as distinguished from mental (psychologic) disorder. ... Origin: somato-+ G. Pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatopathy
An obsolete term for any disease of the body. ... Origin: somato-+ G. Pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatophrenia
A tendency to imagine or exaggerate body ills. ... Origin: somato-+ G. Phren, mind ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatoplasm
Aggregate of all the forms of specialised protoplasm entering into the composition of the body, other than germ plasm. ... Origin: somato-+ G. Plasma, something formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatoprosthetics
The art and science of prosthetically replacing external parts of the body that are missing or deformed. ... Origin: somato-+ G. Prosthesis, an addition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatopsychic
Relating to the body-mind relationship; the study of the effects of the body upon the mind, as opposed to psychosomatic, which is mind on body. ... Origin: somato-+ G. Psyche, soul ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatopsychosis
An emotional disorder associated with an organic disease. ... Origin: somato-+ G. Psychosis, an animating ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatoscopy
Examination of the body. ... Origin: somato-+ G. Skopeo, to view ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatosensory
Sensation relating to the body's superficial and deep parts as contrasted to specialised senses such as sight. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatosensory cortex
Area of the parietal lobe concerned with receiving general sensations. It lies posterior to the central sulcus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

somatosensory evoked potential
The computer-averaged cortical and subcortical responses to repetitive stimulation of peripheral nerve sensory fibres. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatosexual
Denoting the somatic aspects of sexuality as distinguished from its psychosexual aspects. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatostatin
<protein> Gastrointestinal and hypothalmic peptide hormone (two forms: 14 and 28 residues), found in gastric mucosa, pancreatic islets, nerves of the gastrointestinal tract, in posterior pituitary and in the central nervous system. Inhibits gastric secretion and motility: in hypothalamus/pituitary inhibits somatotropin release. ... (18 Nov 199 …

somatostatin-28 convertase
<enzyme> Converts somatostatin-28 to somatostatin-14 and somatostatin-28(1-12) ... Registry number: EC 3.4.99.- ... Synonym: s-28 convertase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

somatostatinoma
A rare somatostatin-secreting tumour of pancreatic delta cells associated with diabetes mellitus or abnormal glucose tolerance. It is also found in the intestine. Of the reported primary tumours, 60% were found in the pancreas and 40% in the duodenum or jejunum. most patients were between 40 and 60 years of age with a 2:1 ratio of females to males. …

somatotherapy
1. Therapy directed at physical disorders. ... 2. In psychiatry, a variety of therapeutic interventions employing chemical or physical, as opposed to psychological, methods. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatotopagnosis
The inability to identify any part of the body, either one's own or another's body. ... Compare: autotopagnosia. ... Synonym: somatagnosia. ... Origin: somato-+ top-+ G. A-priv. + G. Gnosis, knowledge ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatotopic
Relating to somatotopy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatotopy
The topographic association of positional relationships of receptors in the body via respective nerve fibres to their terminal distribution in specific functional areas of the cerebral cortex; the continuation of these positional relationships in all stages of the ascent of nerve fibres through the central nervous system enables the brain and spina …

somatotropes
A subclass of pituitary acidophilic cells; site of synthesis of growth hormone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatotroph
A cell of the adenohypophysis that produces somatotropin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatotrophic
Synonym: somatotropic. ... Origin: somato-+ G. Trophe, nourishment ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatotrophic adenoma
<radiology> Elevated growth hormone (greater than10 ng/ml), gigantism, acromegaly see: pituitary adenoma ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

somatotrophin
<protein> Growth hormone, somatotropin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

somatotropic
Having a stimulating effect on body growth. ... Synonym: somatotrophic. ... Origin: somato-+ G. Trope, a turning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatotropic hormone
Synonym for somatotropin ... <protein> Hormone (191 amino acids) released by anterior pituitary that stimulates release of somatomedin, thereby causing growth. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

somatotropin
<protein> Hormone (191 amino acids) released by anterior pituitary that stimulates release of somatomedin, thereby causing growth. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

somatotropin-releasing factor
Synonym for somatoliberin ... A decapeptide released by the hypothalamus, which induces the release of human growth hormone (somatotropin). ... Synonym: growth hormone-releasing factor, growth hormone-releasing hormone, somatotropin-releasing factor, somatotropin-releasing hormone. ... Origin: somatotropin + L. Libero, to free, + -in ... (05 Mar 2000)< …

somatotropin-releasing hormone
<chemical> Hypothalamic peptide that regulates the synthesis and secretion of somatotropin in the anterior pituitary gland. ... Chemical name: Somatoliberin ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

somatotropins, recombinant
Somatotropin prepared by recombinant DNA technology. Several different forms have been developed from humans, cows, and pigs. They have been used to help stimulate growth. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

somatotype
1. The constitutional or body type of an individual. ... 2. The particular constitutional or body type associated with a particular personality type. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatotypes
A particular category of body build, determined on the basis of certain physical characteristics. The three basic body types are ectomorph (thin physique), endomorph (rounded physique), and mesomorph (athletic physique). The typology was devised by the american psychologist william herbert sheldon (1899-1977). Somatotypes have been related to perso …

somatotypology
The study of somatotypes. ... Origin: somato-+ G. Typos, form, + logos, study ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somatropin
<chemical> Synthetic or naturally occuring growth hormone from the human pituitary gland. It is given to children with open epiphyses for the treatment of pituitary dwarfism. ... Chemical name: Somatotropin (human) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

somesthesia
Synonym for somatesthesia ... Bodily sensation, the conscious awareness of the body. ... Synonym: somesthesia. ... Origin: somat-+ G. Aisthesis, sensation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somesthetic area
Synonym for somatic sensory cortex ... Somatosensory cortex, the region of the cerebral cortex receiving the somatic sensory radiation from the ventrobasal nucleus of the thalamus; it represents the primary cortical processing mechanism for sensory information originating at the body surfaces (touch) and in deeper tissues such as muscle, tendons, an …

somesthetic system
Sensory data derived from skin, muscles, and body organs in contrast to that derived from the five special senses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somewhat poorly drained soil
<botany> A condition in which water is removed slowly enough that the soil is wet for significant periods during the growing season. ... (04 Mar 1998) ...

somilase
<enzyme> Russian tablet, contains solizyme and amylase ... Registry number: EC 3.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

somite
1. <zoology> One of the actual or ideal serial segments of which an animal, especially. An articulate or vertebrate, is is composed; somatome; metamere. Somitic. ... 2. <embryology> Segmentally arranged blocks of mesoderm lying on either side of the notochord and neural tube during development of the vertebrate embryo. ... Somites are for …

somite cavity
Synonym for myocele ... 1. Protrusion of muscle substance through a rent in its sheath. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Kele, hernia ... 2. The small cavity that appears in somites. ... Synonym: somite cavity. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Koilia, a cavity ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somites
The paired, blocklike masses of mesoderm, arranged segmentally alongside the neural tube of the embryo, forming the vertebral column and segmental musculature. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

somitic mesoderm
Mesoderm derived from cells situated in or derived from somites. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somnambulance
Synonym for somnambulism ... <psychiatry, neurology> Sleepwalking, rising out of bed and walking about during an apparent state of sleep, usually occurring in the first third of the night and lasting a few minutes to a half hour. ... Origin: L. Somnus = sleep, ambulare = to walk ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

somnambulic epilepsy
Postictal automatism in which the patient walks or runs about exhibiting natural behaviour of which he or she has no subsequent remembrance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somnambulism
<psychiatry, neurology> Sleepwalking, rising out of bed and walking about during an apparent state of sleep, usually occurring in the first third of the night and lasting a few minutes to a half hour. ... Origin: L. Somnus = sleep, ambulare = to walk ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

somnambulist
One who is subject to somnambulism. ... Synonym: sleepwalker. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somnambulistic trance
A state of somnambulism, paralysis, anaesthesia, or catalepsy induced by suggestion in major hypnosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somnifacient
Synonym: soporific. ... Origin: L. Somnus, sleep, + facio, to make ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somniferous
Synonym: soporific. ... Origin: L. Somnus, sleep, + fero, to bring ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somnific
Synonym for soporific ... 1. Causing or inducing profound sleep. ... 2. <pharmacology> A drug or other agent which induces sleep. ... Origin: L. Soporificus ... (04 Mar 1998) ...

somnifugous
Dispelling or resisting falling asleep. ... Origin: L. Somnus, sleep, + fugo, to put to flight ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somniloquence
Somniloquism ... 1. Talking or muttering in one's sleep. ... Synonym: sleeptalking. ... Synonym: somniloquy. ... Origin: L. Somnus, sleep, + loquor, to talk ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somniloquist
A habitual sleep-talker. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somniloquy
Talking under the influence of hypnotic suggestion. ... Synonym: sleeptalking, somniloquence, somniloquism. ... Origin: L. Somnus, sleep, + loquor, to speak ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somnipathist
One affected by or under the influence of somnipathy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somnipathy
1. Any disorder of sleep. ... Synonym: hypnotism. ... Origin: L. Somnus, sleep, + G. Pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somnocinematograph
A device for recording the movements made by sleepers. ... Origin: L. Somnos, sleep, + G. Kinema, motion, + G. Grapho, to write ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somnocinematography
The process or technique of recording movements during sleep. ... Synonym: polycinematosomnography. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somnolence
<neurology> Sleepiness, also unnatural drowsiness. ... Origin: L. Somnolentia = sleepiness ... (04 Mar 1998) ...

somnolent
1. Drowsy; sleepy; having an inclination to sleep. ... 2. In a condition of incomplete sleep; semicomatose. ... Origin: L. Somnus, sleep ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somnolentia
Synonym: somnolence. ... Synonym: sleep drunkenness. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somnolescent
Inclined to sleep; drowsy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

somnoplasty
A surgical treatment for snoring. Somnoplasty uses heat energy to remove tissues of the uvula and soft palate. (see: snoring). Somnoplasty is usually done as an office procedure with local anaesthesia. It is not indicated for the treatment of sleep apnea. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Somogyi
Michael, U.S. Biochemist, 1883-1971. ... See: Somogyi effect, Somogyi method, Somogyi unit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Somogyi effect
In diabetes, a rebound phenomenon of reactive hyperglycaemia in response to a preceding period of relative hypoglycaemia that has increased secretion of hyperglycaemic agents (epinephrine, norepinephrine, glucagon, cortisol, and growth hormone); described in diabetic patients given too much insulin who developed unrecognised nocturnal hypoglycaemia …

Somogyi method
Synonym for Somogyi unit ... A measure of the level of activity of amylase in blood serum, as analyzed by means of the Somogyi method (the most frequently used procedure); one unit is equivalent to 1 mg of reducing sugar liberated as glucose per 100 ml of serum, when an aliquot of the latter is mixed with a standard starch substrate (plus sodium chl …

Somogyi phenomenon
A rebound phenomenon of reactive hyperglycaemia following a period of relative hypoglycaemia, which may be subclinical and difficult to detect; the hyperglycaemia induces use of more insulin, thus aggravating the problem. ... Synonym: posthypoglycaemic hyperglycaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Somogyi unit
A measure of the level of activity of amylase in blood serum, as analyzed by means of the Somogyi method (the most frequently used procedure); one unit is equivalent to 1 mg of reducing sugar liberated as glucose per 100 ml of serum, when an aliquot of the latter is mixed with a standard starch substrate (plus sodium chloride for maximal activation …

sonant
1. Of or pertaining to sound; sounding. ... 2. Uttered, as an element of speech, with tone or proper vocal sound, as distinguished from mere breath sound; intonated; voiced; tonic; the opposite of nonvocal, or surd; sid of the vowels, semivowels, liquids, and nasals, and particularly of the consonants b, d, g hard, v, etc, as compared with their cog …