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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

spectrum analysis
The measurement of the amplitude of the components of a complex waveform throughout the frequency range of the waveform. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spectrum analysis, mass
Analysis of the mass of an object through means of determining the wave length(s) at which electromagnetic energy is absorbed by that object. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spectrum analysis, raman
Analysis of the intensity of raman scattering of monochromatic light as a function of frequency of the scattered light. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

specular
1. Having the qualities of a speculum, or mirror; having a smooth, reflecting surface; as, a specular metal; a specular surface. ... 2. <medicine> Of or pertaining to a speculum; conducted with the aid of a speculum; as, a specular examination. ... 3. Assisting sight, as a lens or the like. 'Thy specular orb Apply to well-dissected kernels; lo! …

specular glare
Glare arising from specularly reflected light. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

specular image
The image of a source of light made visible by the reflection from a mirror. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

speculative
1. Given to speculation; contemplative. 'The mind of man being by nature speculative.' (Hooker) ... 2. Involving, or formed by, speculation; ideal; theoretical; not established by demonstration. ... 3. Of or pertaining to vision; also, prying; inquisitive; curious. ... 4. Of or pertaining to speculation in land, goods, shares, etc.; as, a speculative …

speculum
Origin: L, fr. Specere to look, behold. See Spy. ... 1. A mirror, or looking-glass; especially, a metal mirror, as in Greek and Roman archaeology. ... 2. A reflector of polished metal, especially one used in reflecting telescopes. See Speculum metal, below. ... 3. <surgery> An instrument for dilating certain passages of the body, and throwing li …

speculum forceps
A tubular forceps for use through a speculum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spee
<dentistry> The curve of spee is the curvature of the occlusal plane of the teeth. ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

Spee, Ferdinand Graf von
<person> German embryologist, 1855-1937. ... See: curve of Spee. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

speech
1. The faculty of uttering articulate sounds or words; the faculty of expressing thoughts by words or articulate sounds; the power of speaking. 'There is none comparable to the variety of instructive expressions by speech, wherewith man alone is endowed for the communication of his thoughts.' (Holder) ... 2. He act of speaking; that which is spoken; …

speech acoustics
The acoustic aspects of speech in terms of frequency, intensity, and time. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

speech articulation tests
Tests of accuracy in pronouncing speech sounds, e.g., iowa pressure articulation test, deep test of articulation, templin-darley tests of articulation, goldman-fristoe test of articulation, screening speech articulation test, arizona articulation proficiency scale. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

speech audiogram
The record of thresholds for spondaic word lists and scores for phonetically balanced word lists. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

speech audiometer
An audiometer that provides spoken material at controlled sound pressure levels to obtain speech reception thresholds, tolerance for loud speech, and discrimination ability, utilizing either a live voice with a microphone or a recorded voice played over a turntable or tape recorder. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

speech audiometry
Measurement of overall performance in hearing, understanding, and responding to speech for a general assessment of hearing and an estimate of degree of practical handicap. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

speech bulb
A prosthetic speech aid; a restoration used to close a cleft or other opening in the hard or soft palate, or to replace absent tissue necessary for the production of good speech. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

speech centres
Areas of the cerebral cortex centrally involved in speech function; one is in the left inferior frontal gyrus, a second one in the supramarginal, angular, and first and second temporal gyri. ... See: Broca's centre, Wernicke's centre. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

speech discrimination tests
Tests of the ability to hear and understand speech as determined by scoring the number of words in a word list repeated correctly. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

speech disorders
Long-term disorders in speaking or in perception of speech. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

speech intelligibility
Ability to make speech sounds that are recognizable. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

speech pathologist
A specialist who evaluates and treats people with communication and swallowing problems. Also called a speech therapist. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

speech pathology
The science concerned with functional and organic speech defects and disorders. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

speech perception
The process whereby an utterance is decoded into a representation in terms of linguistic units (sequences of phonetic segments which combine to form lexical and grammatical morphemes). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

speech production measurement
Measurement of parameters of the speech product such as vocal tone, loudness, pitch, voice quality, articulation, resonance, phonation, phonetic structure and prosody. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

speech reception threshold test
A test to determine the lowest sound intensity level at which fifty percent or more of the spondaic test words (words of two syllables having equal stress) are repeated correctly. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

speech therapist
<specialist> An individual trained to assist patients in restoring speech and communication functions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

speech-language pathology
The study of speech or language disorders and their diagnosis and correction. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

speech, alaryngeal
Methods of enabling a patient without a larynx or with a non-functional larynx to produce voice or speech. The methods may be pneumatic or electronic. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

speech, oesophageal
A method of speech used after laryngectomy, with sound produced by vibration of the column of air in the oesophagus against the contracting cricopharyngeal sphincter. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

speed
1. To go; to fare. 'To warn him now he is too farre sped.' (Remedy of Love) ... 2. To experience in going; to have any condition, good or ill; to fare. 'Ships heretofore in seas lke fishes sped; The mightiest still upon the smallest fed.' (Waller) ... 3. To fare well; to have success; to prosper. 'Save London, and send true lawyers their meed! For wh …

spelencephaly
Synonym: porencephaly. ... Origin: spelaion, cave, + enkephalos, brain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spell
1. To tell; to relate; to teach. 'Might I that legend find, By fairies spelt in mystic rhymes.' (T. Warton) ... 2. To put under the influence of a spell; to affect by a spell; to bewitch; to fascinate; to charm. 'Spelled with words of power.' 'He was much spelled with Eleanor Talbot.' (Sir G. Buck) ... 3. To constitute; to measure. 'The Saxon heptarc …

spence
1. A place where provisions are kept; a buttery; a larder; a pantry. 'In . . . His spence, or 'pantry' were hung the carcasses of a sheep or ewe, and two cows lately slaughtered.' (Sir W. Scott) 'Bluff Harry broke into the spence, And turned the cowls adrift.' (Tennyson) ... 2. The inner apartment of a country house; also, the place where the family …

spend
1. To expend money or any other possession; to consume, use, waste, or part with, anything; as, he who gets easily spends freely. 'He spends as a person who knows that he must come to a reckoning.' (South) ... 2. To waste or wear away; to be consumed; to lose force or strength; to vanish; as, energy spends in the using of it. 'The sound spendeth and …

Spens, Thomas
<person> Scottish physician, 1764-1842. ... See: Spens' syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Spens' syndrome
Synonym for adams-stokes syndrome ... <syndrome> Transient asystole or ventricular fibrillation in the presence of atrioventricular block. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spent
1. Exhausted; worn out; having lost energy or motive force. 'Now thou seest me Spent, overpowered, despairing of success.' (Addison) 'Heaps of spent arrows fall and strew the ground.' (Dryden) ... 2. <zoology> Exhausted of spawn or sperm; said especially of fishes. Spent ball, a ball shot from a firearm, which reaches an object without having …

speract
Sea urchin peptide hormone, from the jelly coat of the eggs of the sea urchins Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and Hemicentrotus pulcherrinus, affecting motility and metabolism. Receptor is a plasma membrane guanylate cyclase. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

sperm
A reproductive cell produced by the male of an animal species which, when united with an egg (of the same species), results in conception and the development of an embryo. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

sperm bank
A facility where sperm are kept frozen in liquid nitrogen for later use in artificial insemination. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

sperm banking
<procedure> The freezing of sperm for future use. This procedure can allow men to father children after loss of fertility, as in the case following chemotherapy for cancer. ... (12 May 1997) ...

sperm banks
Centres for acquiring and storing semen. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sperm capacitation
The process by which a spermatozoon becomes capable of fertilizing an ovum after it reaches the ampullary portion of the uterine tube. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sperm cell
Synonym for spermatozoon ... Mature sperm cell (male gamete). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

sperm count
The number of sperm in the ejaculate (when given as the number of sperm per millileter it is more accurately known as the sperm concentration or sperm density). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

sperm crystal
A crystal of spermin phosphate found in the semen; possibly identical to Bottcher's crystal's. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sperm head
The anterior, usually ovoid, nucleus-containing part of spermatozoa. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sperm immobilizing agents
Chemical substances with sperm immobilizing activity used as topically administered vaginal contraceptives. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sperm maturation
Posttesticular ripening of spermatozoa. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sperm motility
Ability of the spermatozoon to move by flagellate swimming. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sperm nucleus
The head of the spermatozoon, which becomes spheroidal, after entering the ovum. ... See: pronucleus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sperm tail
The posterior, filiform part of spermatozoa, which provides sperm motility. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sperm transport
Passive transport or active migration of spermatozoa from the testes through the male genital system as well as within the female genital system. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sperm whale
<zoology> A very large toothed whale (Physeter macrocephalus), having a head of enormous size. The upper jaw is destitute of teeth. In the upper part of the head, above the skull, there is a large cavity, or case, filled with oil and spermaceti. This whale sometimes grows to the length of more than eighty feet. It is found in the warmer parts …

sperm-aster
Cytocentrum with astral rays in the cytoplasm of an inseminated ovum; it is brought in by the penetrating spermatozoon and evolves into the mitotic spindle of the first cleavage division. ... Origin: sperm + G. Aster, a star (aster) ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sperm-ovum interactions
Interactive processes between the ovum and the spermatozoon. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spermaceti
A white waxy substance obtained from cavities in the head of the sperm whale, and used making candles, oilments, cosmetics, etc. It consists essentially of ethereal salts of palmitic acid with ethal and other hydrocarbon bases. The substance of spermaceti after the removal of certain impurities is sometimes called cetin. ... <zoology> Spermace …

spermacytic seminoma
<tumour> A relatively slow-growing, locally invasive type of testicular seminoma that does not metastasize and has no ovarian counterpart. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spermagglutination
Agglutination of spermatozoa by antibodies or autoantibodies. ... (08 Aug 2003) ...

spermatic
<physiology> Of or pertaining to semen; as, the spermatic fluid, the spermatic vessels, etc. ... <anatomy> Spermatic cord, the cord which suspends the testicle within the scrotum. It is made up of a connective tissue sheath inclosing the spermatic duct and accompanying vessels and nerves. ... Origin: L. Spermaticus, Gr., cf. F. Spermatiqu …

spermatic cord
<anatomy> A group of structures which go through the inguinal canal to the testis. The structures include the vas deferens, arteries, veins, lymphatic vessels, and nerves. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spermatic cord torsion
<surgery, urology> Torsion of the spermatic cord caused usually by incomplete attachment of the epididymis to the testis or by inclusion of the cord within the tunica vaginalis. ... Maldevelopment of various anatomical components of the testes can also be cause. It occurs most frequently in childhood and adolescence. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spermatic duct
Synonym for ductus deferens ... The secretory duct of the testicle, running from the epididymis, of which it is the continuation, to the prostatic urethra where it terminates as the ejaculatory duct. ... Synonym: deferent canal, deferent duct, spermatic duct, spermiduct, testicular duct, vas deferens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spermatic filament
<biology> A spermatozoon, especially the tail of a spermatozoon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spermatic fistula
<urology> A fistula communicating with the testis or any of the seminal passages. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spermatic plexus
Synonym for testicular plexus ... The autonomic plexus derived from the aortic plexus and accompanying the testicular artery. ... Synonym: plexus testicularis, spermatic plexus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spermatic vein
<anatomy, vein> See: right testicular vein, left testicular vein. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spermatid
<biology, genetics> The haploid product of the second meiotic division in spermatogenesis. Differentiate into mature spermatozoa. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spermatids
<biology> Male germ cells derived from spermatocytes and developing into spermatozoa. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spermato-
Semen, spermatozoa. ... Origin: G. Sperma, seed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spermatoblast
Synonym for spermatogonium ... Plant gonad cell that undergoes repeated mitoses, leading to the production of spermatocytes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spermatocele
<surgery, urology> A cystic swelling of the epididymis containing spermatozoa. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

spermatocidal
Destructive to spermatozoa. ... Synonym: spermicidal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spermatocidal agents
<pharmacology> Chemical substances that are destructive to spermatozoa used as topically administered vaginal contraceptives. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spermatocide
<chemical> An agent destructive to spermatozoa. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

spermatocyst
Synonym for spermatocele ... <surgery, urology> A cystic swelling of the epididymis containing spermatozoa. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

spermatocytal
Relating to spermatocytes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spermatocyte
<cell biology> Cells of the male reproductive system that undergo two meiotic divisions to give haploid spermatids. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spermatocytes
Male germ cells derived from spermatogonia and developing into spermatids. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spermatocytogenesis
Synonym for spermatogenesis ... <cell biology> The process of formation of spermatozoa, including spermatocytogenesis and spermiogenesis. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spermatogenesis
<cell biology> The process of formation of spermatozoa, including spermatocytogenesis and spermiogenesis. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spermatogenesis-blocking agents
Chemical substances which inhibit the process of spermatozoa formation at either the first stage, in which spermatogonia develop into spermatocytes and then into spermatids, or the second stage, in which spermatids transform into spermatozoa. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spermatogenic
Relating to spermatogenesis; sperm-producing. ... Synonym: spermatogenetic, spermatogenous, spermatopoietic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spermatogeny
Synonym for spermatogenesis ... <cell biology> The process of formation of spermatozoa, including spermatocytogenesis and spermiogenesis. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spermatogone
Synonym for spermatogonium ... Plant gonad cell that undergoes repeated mitoses, leading to the production of spermatocytes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spermatogonia
The primitive differentiated male gametes which give rise to spermatocytes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spermatogonium
Plant gonad cell that undergoes repeated mitoses, leading to the production of spermatocytes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spermatology
The branch of histology, physiology, and embryology concerned with sperm and/or seminal secretion. ... Origin: spermato-+ G. Logos, study ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spermatolysin
A specific lysin (antibody) formed in response to the repeated injection of spermatozoa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spermatolysis
Destruction, with dissolution, of the spermatozoa. ... Synonym: spermolysis. ... Origin: spermato-+ G. Lysis, dissolution ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spermatolytic
Relating to spermatolysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spermatophobia
<psychology> Morbid fear of spermatorrhoea or loss of semen. ... Origin: spermato-+ G. Phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spermatophyta
<botany> A major division of the plant kingdom, characterised by reprodution by seed and subdivided into the Gymnospermae (gymnosperms) and Angiospermae (angiosperms). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Spermatophyte
<botany> Division of the plant kingdom, consisting of plants that reproduce by means of seeds. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spermatopoietic
Synonym: spermatogenic. ... 2. Secreting semen. ... Origin: spermato-+ G. Poieo, to make ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spermatoxin
A cytotoxic antibody specific for spermatozoa. ... Synonym: spermotoxin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spermatozoa
Mature male germ cells, the specific output of the testes. The spermatozoon is the generative element of the semen and serves to fertilise the ovum. It consists of a head (or nucleus), a neck, a middle piece, and a tail with an end piece. Spermatzoa, formed in the seminiferous tubules, are derived from spermatogonia, which first develop into sperma …

spermatozoal
Spermatozoan ... Relating to spermatozoa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...