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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

South African tick-bite fever
A typhus-like fever of South Africa caused by Rickettsia rickettsii and usually characterised by primary eschar and regional adenitis, rigors, and maculopapular rash on the fifth day, often with severe central nervous system symptoms. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

South African type porphyria
Synonym for variegate porphyria ... Porphyria characterised by abdominal pain and neuropsychiatric abnormalities, by dermal sensitivity to light and mechanical trauma, by increased faecal excretion of proto-and coproporphyrin, and by increased urinary excretion of d-aminolevulinic acid, porphobilinogen, and porphyrins; due to a deficiency of protopo …

south american blastomycosis
A chronic fungal infection caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, characterised by primary pulmonary lesions with dissemination to many visceral organs. Common findings include ulcerative granuloma lesions to the buccal mucosa (inner lining of the cheek) and nasal mucosa that extend to the surrounding skin. Generalised lymphangitis is also typica …

South American trypanosomiasis
Trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma (or Schizotrypanum) cruzi and transmitted by certain species of reduviid (triatomine) bugs. In its acute form, it is seen most frequently in young children, with swelling of the skin at the site of entry, most often the face, and regional lymph node enlargement; in its chronic form it can assume several aspects …

south Australia
A state in south central Australia. Its capital is adelaide. It was probably first visited by f. Thyssen in 1627. Later discoveries in 1802 and 1830 opened up the southern part. It became a british province in 1836 with this self-descriptive name and became a state in 1901. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

southeastern united states
The geographic area of the southeastern region of the united states in general or when the specific state or states are not included. The states usually included in this region are alabama, arkansas, florida, georgia, louisiana, mississippi, north carolina, south carolina, west virginia, and virginia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Southern
M.E., 20th century British biologist. ... See: Southern blot analysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

southern blot
A technique used for searching for a specific DNA fragment. The process is as follows: ... 1. separate DNA fragments by gel electrophoresis ... 2. Change pH of gel to basic, thus allowing disruption of H-bonds ... 3. blot gel with nitrocellulose paper ... 4. Heat paper so as to fix DNA fragments ... 5. probe with labelled messenger RNA or cDNA ... 6. was …

Southern blot analysis
A procedure to separate and identify DNA sequences; DNA fragments are separated by electrophoresis on an agarose gel, transferred (blotted) onto a nitrocellulose or nylon membrane, and hybridised with complementary (labelled) nucleic acid probes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Southern blotting
Synonym for blotting ... <molecular biology, procedure> General term for the transfer of protein, RNA or DNA molecules from a relatively thick acrylamide or agarose gel or to a paper like membrane (usually nylon or nitrocellulose) by capilliarity or an electric field, preserving the spatial arrangment. Once on the membrane, the molecules are i …

Southey, Reginald
<person> English physician, 1835-1899. ... See: Southey's tubes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Southey's tubes
An obsolete cannulas of small, almost capillary, caliber, thrust by a trocar into the subcutaneous tissues to drain the fluid of anasarca. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

southing
1. Tendency or progress southward; as, the southing of the sun. ... 2. The time at which the moon, or other heavenly body, passes the meridian of a place. ... 3. <astronomy> Distance of any heavenly body south of the equator; south declination; south latitude. ... 4. <astronomy> Distance southward from any point departure or of reckoning, …

southwestern united states
The geographic area of the southwestern region of the united states. The states usually included in this region are arizona, california, colourado, nevada, new mexico, texas, and utah. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sovereign
1. The person, body, or state in which independent and supreme authority is vested; especially, in a monarchy, a king, queen, or emperor. 'No question is to be made but that the bed of the Mississippi belongs to the sovereign, that is, to the nation.' (Jefferson) ... 2. A gold coin of Great Britain, on which an effigy of the head of the reigning kin …

sovereignty
Origin: OE. Soverainetee, OF. Sovrainete, F. Souverainete. ... The quality or state of being sovereign, or of being a sovereign; the exercise of, or right to exercise, supreme power; dominion; sway; supremacy; independence; also, that which is sovereign; a sovereign state; as, Italy was formerly divided into many sovereignties. 'Woman desiren to hav …

sow
1. To scatter, as seed, upon the earth; to plant by strewing; as, to sow wheat. Also used figuratively: To spread abroad; to propagate. 'He would sow some difficulty.' 'A sower went forth to sow; and when he sowed, some seeds fell by the wayside.' (Matt. Xiii. 3, 4) 'And sow dissension in the hearts of brothers.' (Addison) ... 2. To scatter seed upo …

soy proteins
Proteins which are present in or isolated from soybeans. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

soya
Synonym: soybean. ... Origin: Hind. Soya, fennel ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

soybean
The bean of the climbing herb Glycine soja or G. Hispida (family Leguminosae); a bean rich in protein and containing little starch; it is the source of soybean oil; soybean flour is used in preparing a bread for diabetics, in feeding formulas for infants who are unable to tolerate cow's milk, and for adults allergic to cow's milk. ... Synonym: soja, …

soybean oil
<chemical> Oil from soybean or soybean plant. ... Chemical name: Soybean oil ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

soybean trypsin inhibitor
Single polypeptide (21 kD, 181 amino acids) that forms a stable, stoichiometric, enzymically inactive complex with trypsin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

soybeans
An annual legume or the seeds of this plant. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sp
<abbreviation> Subspecies; pl. Form is spp.; L. Spiritus, spirit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

SP1
<abbreviation> Stimulatory protein 1. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Sp1 kinase
<enzyme> Binds to DNA and heparin, utilises ATP but no the other ribonucleotides; efficiently induces the shift of sp1 mobility in a gc box-containing DNA template-dependent fashion ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

spa
A health resort, especially one where there are one or more mineral springs whose waters possess therapeutic properties. ... Origin: Spa, a mineral spring health resort in Belgium ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

space
1. Extension, considered independently of anything which it may contain; that which makes extended objects conceivable and possible. 'Pure space is capable neither of resistance nor motion.' (Locke) ... 2. Place, having more or ess extension; room. 'They gave him chase, and hunted him as hare; Long had he no space to dwell [in]' (R. Of Brunne) 'Whil …

space adaptation syndrome
<syndrome> Alterations in normal physiology that occur during prolonged exposure to weightlessness, unless preventive measures are taken. Characterised by muscle atrophy, loss of mineral from bones, cardiovascular changes, etc. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

space flight
Travel beyond the earth's atmosphere. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

space frame
Three-dimensional optical bench that holds laser components stable from vibrational and thermal excursions. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

space maintainer
<dentistry> A gadget used to maintain a space in your mouth. You would use a space maintainer when you lose one of your baby teeth. The space maintainer will keep a space in your mouth until a permanent tooth comes in to fill the space. ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

space medicine
The field of medicine concerned with physiologic diseases or disturbances resulting from the unique conditions of space travel. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

space motion sickness
Disorder characterised by nausea, vomiting, and dizziness, possibly in response to vestibular disorientation or fluid shifts associated with space flight. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

space nerve
<anatomy, nerve> One of the branches of the vestibulocochlear nerve distributed to the semicircular canals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

space of Donders
The space between the dorsum of the tongue and the hard palate when the mandible is in rest position following the expiratory cycle of respiration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

space perception
The awareness of the spatial properties of objects; includes physical space. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

space retainer
Synonym for space maintainer ... <dentistry> A gadget used to maintain a space in your mouth. You would use a space maintainer when you lose one of your baby teeth. The space maintainer will keep a space in your mouth until a permanent tooth comes in to fill the space. ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

space sense
The faculty of perceiving the relative positions of objects in the external world. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

space sickness
Dizziness as result of changes in inner ear resulting from absence of gravity. ... Synonym: physiologic vertigo. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

space simulation
An environment simulating one or more parameters of the space environment, applied in testing space systems or components. Often, a closed chamber is used, capable of approximating the vacuum and normal environments of space. This also includes simulated extravehicular activity studies in atmosphere exposure chambers or water tanks. ... (12 Dec 1998 …

space suits
Pressure suits for wear in space or at very low ambient pressures within the atmosphere, designed to permit the wearer to leave the protection of a pressurised cabin. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

space-time clustering
A statistically significant excess of cases of a disease, occurring within a limited space-time continuum. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spacecraft
Devices, manned and unmanned, which are designed to be placed into an orbit about the earth or into a trajectory to another celestial body. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spaced teeth
Teeth which have separated and lost proximal contact with adjacent teeth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spacer DNA
<molecular biology> The DNA sequence between genes. In bacteria, only a few nucleotides long. In eukaryotes, can be extensive and include repetitive DNA, comprising the majority of the DNA of the genome. The term is used particularly for the spacer DNA between the many tandemly repeated copies of the ribosomal RNA genes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spaces of iridocorneal angle
Irregularly shaped endothelium-lined spaces within the trabecular reticulum, through which the aqueous filters to reach the sinus venosus sclerae. ... Synonym: spatia anguli iridocornealis, ciliary canals, Fontana's spaces. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spade
1. An implement for digging or cutting the ground, consisting usually of an oblong and nearly rectangular blade of iron, with a handle like that of a shovel. 'With spade and pickax armed.' ... 2. One of that suit of cards each of which bears one or more figures resembling a spade. ''Let spades be trumps!' she said.' (Pope) ... 3. A cutting instrument …

spade fingers
The course, thick finger's of acromegaly or myxoedema. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spade hand
The coarse, thick, square hand of acromegaly or myxoedema. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spadefish
<marine biology> An American market fish (Chaetodipterus faber) common on the southern coasts. ... Synonym: angel fish, moonfish, and porgy. ... (17 Mar 1998) ...

spadix
<botany> A spikelike inflorescence with a stout, often succulent main stem. ... (17 Mar 1998) ...

spagyric
Relating to the paracelsian or alchemical system of medicine, which stressed the treatment of disease by various types of chemical substances. ... Origin: G. Spao, to tear open, + ageiro, to collect ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spagyrist
1. <alchemy> A chemist, especially. One devoted to alchemistic pursuits. ... 2. One of a sect which arose in the days of alchemy, who sought to discover remedies for disease by chemical means. The spagyrists historically preceded the iatrochemists. ... Origin: Cf. F. Spagiriste. ... (17 Mar 1998) ...

spalding sign
<radiology> Overlapping of foetal skull bones, suggests foetal demise ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Spallanzani
Lazaro, Italian priest and scientist, 1729-1799. ... See: Spallanzani's law. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Spallanzani's law
The younger the individual the greater is the regenerative power of its cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spallation
Synonym: fragmentation. ... 2. Nuclear reaction in which nuclei, on being bombarded by high energy particles, liberate a number of protons and alpha particles. ... Origin: M.E. Spalle, fragment ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spalt
<chemistry> Spelter. ... Origin: Cf. G. Spaltstein, from spalten to split. ... (17 Mar 1998) ...

span
1. <anatomy> The space from the thumb to the end of the little finger when extended; nine inches; eighth of a fathom. ... 2. Hence, a small space or a brief portion of time. 'Yet not to earth's contracted span Thy goodness let me bound.' (Pope) 'Life's but a span; I'll every inch enjoy.' (Farquhar) ... 3. The spread or extent of an arch between …

spaniel
1. <zoology> One of a breed of small dogs having long and thick hair and large drooping ears. The legs are usually strongly feathered, and the tail bushy ... There are several varieties of spaniels, some of which, known as field spaniels, are used in hunting; others are used for toy or pet dogs, as the Blenheim spaniel, and the King Charles sp …

Spanish fly
Synonym for cantharis ... A dried beetle, Lytta (Cantharis) vesicatoria, used as a counterirritant and vesicant. ... Synonym: Russian fly, Spanish fly. ... Origin: L., fr. G. Kantharis, a beetle ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Spanish influenza
Influenza that caused several waves of pandemic in 1918-1919, resulting in more than 20 million deaths worldwide; it was particularly severe in Spain (hence the name), but now is thought to have originated in the U.S. As a form of swine influenza. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spannungs-P
Prominent prolonged and high voltage P waves recorded in electrocardiograms (usually largest in lead II) of patients with hypertrophy of the right or both atria, particularly in those with congenital heart disease. ... See: P-congenitale. ... Origin: Ger. Spannung, tightening; stretching or straining, + P wave ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spar
1. A general term any round piece of timber used as a mast, yard, boom, or gaff. ... 2. Formerly, a piece of timber, in a general sense; still applied locally to rafters. ... 3. The bar of a gate or door. Spar buoy, a torpedo carried on the end of a spar usually projecting from the bow of a vessel, and intended to explode upon contact with an enemy's …

sparada
<marine biology> A small California surf fish (Micrometrus aggregatus). ... Synonym: shiner. ... (17 Mar 1998) ...

spare
1. To use frugally or stintingly, as that which is scarce or valuable; to retain or keep unused; to save. 'No cost would he spare.' '[Thou] thy Father's dreadful thunder didst not spare.' (Milton) 'He that hath knowledge, spareth his words.' (Prov. Xvii. 27) ... 2. To keep to one's self; to forbear to impart or give. 'Be pleased your plitics to spar …

sparganoma
A localised mass resulting from sparganosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sparganosis
Infection of animals, including fish and man, with a developmental stage of diphyllobothrium. This stage has recently been referred to as a plerocercoid but the name sparganum has persisted. Therefore, infection of fish or other animals with the plerocercoid larvae is sparganosis. Fish-eating mammals, including man, are the final hosts. ... (12 Dec …

sparganum
The larval form of the diphyllobothriid tapeworms of the genus diphyllobothrium and spirometra. Fish-eating mammals and man are the final hosts. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sparing action
The manner in which a nonessential nutritive component, by its presence in the diet, lowers the dietary requirement for an essential component; thus, nonessential l-cysteine spares essential l-methionine and nonessential l-tyrosine spares essential l-phenylalanine. ... Synonym: sparing phenomenon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sparing phenomenon
Synonym for sparing action ... The manner in which a nonessential nutritive component, by its presence in the diet, lowers the dietary requirement for an essential component; thus, nonessential l-cysteine spares essential l-methionine and nonessential l-tyrosine spares essential l-phenylalanine. ... Synonym: sparing phenomenon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spark
1. A small particle of fire or ignited substance which is emitted by a body in combustion. 'Man is born unto trouble, as hte sparks fly upward.' (Job v. 7) ... 2. A small, shining body, or transient light; a sparkle. ... 3. That which, like a spark, may be kindled into a flame, or into action; a feeble germ; an elementary principle. 'If any spark of …

sparkle
1. To emit sparks; to throw off ignited or incandescent particles; to shine as if throwing off sparks; to emit flashes of light; to scintillate; to twinkle; as, the blazing wood sparkles; the stars sparkle. 'A mantelet upon his shoulder hanging Bretful of rubies red, as fire sparkling.' (Chaucer) ... 2. To manifest itself by, or as if by, emitting s …

sparrow
1. <ornithology> One of many species of small singing birds of the family Fringilligae, having conical bills, and feeding chiefly on seeds. Many sparrows are called also finches, and buntings. The common sparrow, or house sparrow, of Europe (Passer domesticus) is noted for its familiarity, its voracity, its attachment to its young, and its fe …

sparrow limit
<microscopy> The spatial frequency at which the modulation transfer function just becomes 0. ... See: Abbe limit, Rayleigh criterion. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

sparsomycin
<protein> Antibiotic that inhibits peptidyltransferase in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spasm
1. <physiology> A sudden, violent, involuntary contraction of a muscle or a group of muscles, attended by pain and interference with function, producing involuntary movement and distortion. ... 2. A sudden but transitory constriction of a passage, canal or orifice. ... Origin: L. Spasmus, Gr. Spasmos ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spasm of accommodation
Excessive contraction of the ciliary muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spasmin
<protein> Protein (20 kD) that forms the spasmoneme. Thought to change its shape when the calcium ion concentration rises and to revert when the calcium concentration falls: the reversible shape change is used as a motor mechanism. ... Contraction does not require ATP, relaxation does, probably to pump calcium ions back into the smooth endopla …

spasmo-
Spasm. ... Origin: G. Spasmos ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spasmocanulase
<chemical> Contains methixene, dimethylpolysiloxane, cellulose, pepsin, glutamic acid, pancreatin, and sodium dehydrocholate ... Pharmacological action: parasympatholytic ... Chemical name: d-glutamic acid, hydrochloride, mixt. With cellulose, dimethicone, 1-methyl-3-(9h-thioxanthen-9-ylmethyl)piperidine hydrochloride, pancreatin, pepsin a and …

spasmodic
Of the nature of a spasm. ... Origin: Gr. Spasmodes ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spasmodic asthma
Asthma due to spasm of the bronchioles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spasmodic dysmenorrhoea
Dysmenorrhoea accompanied by painful contractions of the uterus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spasmodic dysphonia
Involves the muscles of the throat that control speech. Also called spastic dysphonia or laryngeal dystonia, it causes strained and difficult speaking or breathy and effortful speech. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spasmodic laryngitis
Synonym for laryngitis stridulosa ... Catarrhal inflammation of the larynx in children, accompanied by night attacks of spasmodic closure of the glottis, causing inspiratory stridor. ... Synonym: spasmodic laryngitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spasmodic stricture
A stricture due to localised spasm of muscular fibres in the wall of the canal. ... Synonym: functional stricture, temporary stricture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spasmodic tic
A disorder in which sudden spasmodic coordinated movements of certain muscles or groups of physiologically related muscles occur at irregular intervals. ... Synonym: Henoch's chorea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spasmodic torticollis
A disorder of unknown cause, manifested as a restricted dystonia, localised to some of the neck muscles, especially the sternomastoid and trapezius; occurs in adults and tends to progress slowly; the head movements increase with standing and walking and decrease with contractual stimuli, e.g., touching the chin or neck. ... Synonym: dystonic tortico …

spasmogen
A substance causing contraction of smooth muscle; e.g., histamine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spasmogenic
Causing spasms. ... Origin: spasmo-+ G. -gen, producing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spasmology
Study of the nature, causation, and means of relief of spasms. ... Origin: spasmo-+ G. Logos, study ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spasmolygmus
1. Spasmodic sobbing. ... 2. Spasmodic hiccup. ... Origin: spasmo-+ G. Lygmos, a sobbing, hiccup, fr. Lyzo, to hiccup, sob ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spasmolysis
The arrest of a spasm or convulsion. ... Origin: spasmo-+ G. Lysis, dissolution ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spasmolytic
<pharmacology> Checking spasms, antispasmodic. ... Origin: Gr. Lysis = dissolution ... (05 Jan 1998) ...

spasmoneme
<cell biology> Contractile organelle found in Vorticella and related ciliate protozoans. Capable of shortening faster than any actin myosin system and of expanding actively. ... See: spasmin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spasmophilia
Synonym: latent tetany. ... Origin: spasmo-+ G. Phileo, to love ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spasmophilic
Relating to spasmophilia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spasmophilic diathesis
A condition in which there is an abnormal excitability of the motor nerves, shown by a tendency to tetany, laryngeal spasm, or general convulsions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...