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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

sodium salicylate
<chemical> A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent that is less effective than equal doses of aspirin in relieving pain and reducing fever. However, individuals who are hypersensitive to aspirin may tolerate sodium salicylate. In general, this salicylate produces the same adverse reactions as aspirin, but there is less occult gastrointestinal …

sodium selenite
<chemical> Selenious acid, disodium salt. It is used therapeutically to supply the trace element selenium. ... Chemical name: Selenious acid, disodium salt ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sodium silicofluoride
Synonym for sodium hexafluorosilicate ... Na2SiF6;used (in dilute solutions) as an antiseptic and deodorant, and for fluoridation of drinking water. ... Synonym: sodium fluosilicate, sodium silicofluoride. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sodium stearate
Stearic acid sodium salt, used as a pharmaceutical adjuvant in ointments, creams, and suppositories. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sodium sulfate
Na2SO4-10H2O;an ingredient of many of the natural laxative waters, and also used as a hydragogue cathartic. ... Synonym: Glauber's salt. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sodium sulfite
Na2SO3-7H2O;has been used for the relief of intestinal fermentation, and externally for aphthous stomatitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sodium sulfocarbolate
Synonym for sodium phenolsulfonate ... Has been used in tonsillitis and as an intestinal antiseptic; has no antiseptic properties. ... Synonym: sodium sulfocarbolate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sodium sulfocyanate
Synonym for sodium thiocyanate ... NaSCN;used in the management of essential hypertension. ... Synonym: sodium rhodanate, sodium sulfocyanate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sodium sulforicinate
Sodium sulforicinoleate, made by combining castor oil, sulfuric acid, and sodium hydroxide and chloride; used as a solvent for iodine, iodoform, resorcinol, pyrogallol, and a number of other substances for external use. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sodium tartrate
Na2C4H4O6-2H2O;a laxative. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sodium taurocholate
The sodium salt of taurocholic acid, extracted from the bile of carnivora; a cholagogue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sodium tetraborate
Synonym for sodium borate ... Na2B4O7-10H2O;used in lotions, gargles, mouthwashes, and as a detergent. ... Synonym: borax, sodium pyroborate, sodium tetraborate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sodium tetradecyl sulfate
<chemical> 7-ethyl-2-methyl-4-hendecanol sulfate sodium salt. An anionic surface-active agent used for its wetting properties in industry and used in medicine as an irritant and sclerosing agent for haemorrhoids and varicose veins. ... Pharmacological action: sclerosing solutions, surface-active agent. ... Chemical name: 1-Tetradecanol, hydroge …

sodium thiocyanate
NaSCN;used in the management of essential hypertension. ... Synonym: sodium rhodanate, sodium sulfocyanate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sodium thiosulfate
Na2S2O3-5H2O;an antidote in cyanide poisoning in conjunction with sodium nitrite; used as a prophylactic agent against ringworm infections in swimming pools and baths, and to measure the extracellular fluid volume of the body. ... Synonym: sodium hyposulfite. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sodium tungstoborate
Used in electron microscopy as a negative stain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sodium-24
The isotope of sodium with an atomic weight of 24, and a half-life of 14.96 hr; it emits beta and gamma rays, and is more easily prepared than the longer-lived, positron-emitting 22Na (half-life, 2.605 yr). It is used to measure extracellular fluid by indicator dilution. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sodium-calcium exchanger
An electrogenic ion exchange protein that maintains a steady level of calcium by removing an amount of calcium equal to that which enters the cells. It is widely distributed in most excitable membranes, including the brain and heart. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sodium-hydrogen antiporter
A plasma membrane exchange glycoprotein transporter that functions in intracellular pH regulation, cell volume regulation, and cellular response to many different hormones and mitogens. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sodium-potassium pump
A membrane-bound transporter that maintains the high potassium and low sodium intracellular concentrations relative to the extracellular medium. This exchange is accomplished at the expense of cellular energy in the form of ATP. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sodium-potassium-exchanging atpase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the active transport system of sodium and potassium ions across the cell wall. Sodium and potassium ions are closely coupled with membrane atpase which undergoes phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, thereby providing energy for transport of these ions against concentration gradients. ... Chemical name: ATP p …

sodium, dietary
Sodium or sodium compounds used in foods or as a food. The most frequently used compounds are sodium chloride or sodium glutamate. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sodoku
A Japanese term for rat bite fever. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

sodomist
One who practices sodomy. ... Origin: G. Sodomites, an inhabitant of the biblical city of Sodom, which was destroyed by fire because of the wickedness of its people ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sodomy
A term denoting a number of sexual practices variously proscribed by law, especially bestiality, oral-genital contact, and anal intercourse. ... Synonym: buggery. ... Origin: see sodomist ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Soemmerring, Samuel Thomas von
<person> German anatomist, 1755-1830. ... See: Soemmerring's ganglion, Soemmerring's ligament, Soemmerring's muscle, Soemmerring's spot, ring of Soemmerring. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Soemmerring's ganglion
Synonym for substantia nigra ... A large cell mass, crescentic on transverse section, extending forward over the dorsal surface of the crus cerebri from the rostral border of the pons into the subthalamic region; it is composed of a dorsal stratum of closely spaced pigmented (i.e., melanin-containing) cells, the pars compacta, and a larger ventral r …

Soemmerring's ligament
<anatomy> Small fibres attaching the lacrimal gland to the periorbita. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Soemmerring's muscle
Synonym for levator muscle of thyroid gland ... A fasciculus occasionally passing from the thyrohyoid muscle to the isthmus of the thyroid gland. ... Synonym: musculus levator glandulae thyroideae, elevator muscle of thyroid gland, Soemmerring's muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Soemmerring's spot
Synonym for macula retinae ... An oval area of the sensory retina, 3 by 5 mm, temporal to the optic disk corresponding to the posterior pole of the eye; at its centre is the central fovea, which contains only retinal cones. ... Synonym: area centralis, macula lutea, macular area, punctum luteum, Soemmerring's spot, yellow spot. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

soever
A word compounded of so and ever, used in composition with who, what, where, when, how, etc, and indicating any out of all possible or supposable persons, things, places, times, ways, etc. It is sometimes used separate from the pronoun or adverb. 'For unto whomsoever much is given, of him shall be much required.' (Luke xii. 48) 'What great thing so …

Soffer, Louis
<person> U.S. Internist, *1904. ... See: Sohval-Soffer syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

soft agar
<cell culture> Semi solid agar used to gelate medium for culture of animal cells. Placed in such a medium, over a denser agar layer, the cells are denied access to a solid substratum on which to spread, so that only anchorage independent (usually transformed) cells are able to grow. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

soft cataract
<ophthalmology> An advanced or mature cataract in which the nucleus is not well developed. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

soft chancre
Synonym for chancroid ... A sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacteria haemophilus ducreyi. Causes multiple painful ulcers on the penis and the vulva often associated with tender and enlarged inguinal lymph nodes. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

soft corn
<dermatology> A corn formed by pressure between two toes, the surface being macerated and yellowish in colour. ... Synonym: heloma molle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

soft diet
<nutrition> A normal diet limited to soft foods for those who have difficulty chewing or swallowing; there are no restrictions on seasoning or method of food preparation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

soft palate
The muscular part of the roof of the mouth. The soft palate is directly behind the hard palate. It lacks bone and so is soft. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

soft papilloma
A papilloma with only a thin layer of horny epithelium. ... Synonym: papilloma molle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

soft parts
The nonbony and noncartilaginous tissues of the body. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

soft pulse
A pulse that is readily extinguished by pressure with the finger. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

soft rays
X-ray's of relatively long wavelength and slight penetrability. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

soft soap
Synonym for medicinal soft soap ... A soap made with vegetable oils, potassium hydroxide, oleic acid, glycerin, and purified water; used as a stimulant in chronic skin diseases. ... Synonym: green soap, soft soap. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

soft sore
Synonym for chancroid ... A sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacteria haemophilus ducreyi. Causes multiple painful ulcers on the penis and the vulva often associated with tender and enlarged inguinal lymph nodes. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

soft sulfur
An allotropic form obtained by dropping very hot melted sulfur into water; it is then temporarily of a viscid or waxy consistency. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

soft tissue infections
Infections of non-skeletal tissue, i.e., exclusive of bone, ligaments, cartilage, and fibrous tissue. The concept is usually referred to as skin and soft tissue infections and usually subcutaneous and muscle tissue are involved. The predisposing factors in anaerobic infections are trauma, ischemia, and surgery. The organisms often derive from the f …

soft tissue injuries
Injuries of tissue other than bone. The concept is usually general and does not customarily refer to internal organs or viscera. It is meaningful with reference to regions or organs where soft tissue (muscle, fat, skin) should be differentiated from bones or bone tissue, as 'soft tissue injuries of the hand'. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

soft tissue neoplasms
Neoplasms of whatever cell type or origin, occurring in the extraskeletal connective tissue framework of the body including the organs of locomotion and their various component structures, such as nerves, blood vessels, lymphatics, etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

soft tissue sarcoma
A sarcoma that begins in the muscle, fat, fibrous tissue, blood vessels, or other supporting tissue of the body. Not a type of bone cancer. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

soft tissue window
mediastinal window ...

soft tubercle
A tubercle showing caseous necrosis. ... Synonym: caseous tubercle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

soft ulcer
Synonym for chancroid ... A sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacteria haemophilus ducreyi. Causes multiple painful ulcers on the penis and the vulva often associated with tender and enlarged inguinal lymph nodes. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

soft wart
Synonym for skin tag ... A polypoid outgrowth of both epidermis and dermal fibrovascular tissue, common terminology for any small benign cutaneous lesion. ... Synonym: acrochordon, fibroepithelial polyp, fibroma molle, senile fibroma, soft wart. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

soft water
Water lacking those ions, such as Magnesium and Calcium, that form insoluble salts with fatty acids, so that ordinary soap will lather easily in it. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

software
Sequential operating instructions for a particular problem or function to be run on a digital computer. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

software design
Specifications and instructions applied to the software. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

software validation
The act of testing the software for compliance with a standard. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Sohval-Soffer syndrome
<syndrome> Hypogonadism, gynaecomastia, skeletal anomalies, and mental retardation without chromosomal abnormality. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Sohval, Arthur
<person> U.S. Internist, *1904. ... See: Sohval-Soffer syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

soil
Unconsolidated material on the earth's surface that supports or is capable of supporting plants out-of-doors. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

soil horizon
A distinct layer of soil, more or less parallel with the soil surface, having similar properties such as colour, texture and permeability, the soil profile is subdivided into the following major horizons: ... A-horizon, characterised by an accumulation of organic material. ... B-horizon, characterised by relative accumulation of clay iron, organic ma …

soil hue
A characteristic of colour related to one of the main spectral colours (red, yellow, green, blue or purple), or various combinations of these principle colours, one of the three variables of colour, each colour chart in the Munsell Soil Colour Charts (Kollmorgen Corporation 1975) represents a specific hue. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

soil matrix
The portion of a given soil having the dominant colour, in most cases, the matrix will be the portion of the soil having more than 50 percent of the same colour. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

soil microbiology
The presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in the soil. This term is not restricted to pathogenic organisms. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

soil permeability
The ease with which gases, liquids or plant roots penetrate or pass through a layer of soil. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

soil phase
A subdivision of a soil series having features (for example, slope, surface texture, thickness and stoniness) that affect the use and management of the soil, but which do not vary sufficiently to differentiate it as a separate series. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

soil pollutants
Substances which pollute the soil. Use for soil pollutants in general or for which there is no specific heading. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

soil pollutants, radioactive
Pollutants, present in soil, which exhibit radioactivity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

soil pore
An area within soil occupied by either air or water, resulting from the arrangement of individual soil particles. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

soil profile
A vertical section of the soil through all its horizons and extending into the parent material. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

soil series
A group of soils having horizons similar in differentiating characteristics and arrangements in the soil profile, except for texture of the surface layer. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

soil structure
The combination or arrangement of primary soil particles into secondary particles, units or peds. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

soil suborder
Second highest taxonomic level of the current U.S. Soil classification system. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

soil surface
The upper limits of the soil profile, for mineral soils, the upper limits of the highest mineral horizon (A-horizon), for organic soils, the upper limit of undecomposed organic matter. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

soil texture
The relative proportions of the various sizes of particles (silt, sand and clay) in a soil. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

soil value
The relative lightness or intensity of colour, approximately a function of the square root of the total amount of light, one of the three variables of colour. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

sokosho
Synonym: rat-bite fever. ... Origin: Jap. So, rat, + ko, bite, + sho, malady ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sol gel transformation
Transition between more fluid cytoplasm (endoplasm) and stiffer gel like ectoplasm proposed as a mechanism for amoeboid locomotion: since the endoplasm cannot really be considered a simple fluid and has visco elastic properties like a gel, the term is misleading. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

solanaceae
Family of flowering plants (order solanales). Among the most important are potatoes, tomatoes, capsicum (green and red peppers), tobacco, and belladonna. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

solanaceous alkaloids
Alkaloids, mainly tropanes, elaborated by plants of the family solanaceae, including atropa, hyoscyamus, mandragora, nicotiana, solanum, etc. Some act as cholinergic antagonists; most are very toxic; many are used medicinally. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

solanidine glucosyltransferase
<enzyme> From potatoes; catalyses formation of gamma-chaconine (3-beta-o-glucosylsolanidine) from udp-glucose and solanidine ... Registry number: EC 2.4.1.- ... Synonym: solanidine udp glucose glucosyltransferase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

solanochromene
Synonym for plastochromenol-8 ... The chromenol (isomeric) form of plastoquinone-9. ... Synonym: solanochromene. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

solapsone
Synonym for solasulfone ... Tetrasodium 1,1'-[sulfonylbis(p-phenyleneimino)] bis [3-phenyl-1,3-propanedisulfonate];a leprostatic agent. ... Synonym: solapsone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

solar
1. Of or pertaining to the sun; proceeding from the sun; as, the solar system; solar light; solar rays; solar influence. See Solar system, below. ... 2. <astronomy> Born under the predominant influence of the sun. 'And proud beside, as solar people are.' (Dryden) ... 3. Measured by the progress or revolution of the sun in the ecliptic; as, the …

solar activity
Any type of variation in the appearance of energy output of the sun. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

solar blindness
Synonym for solar maculopathy ... Damage to the fovea centralis of the retina and the adjacent choroid due to the thermal action of infrared rays, consequent to sungazing or watching a solar eclipse without sufficient eye protection. ... See: photoretinopathy. ... Synonym: eclipse blindness, solar blindness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

solar cheilitis
Mucosal atrophy with drying, crusting, and fissuring of the vermillion border of the lower lip in older individuals, resulting from chronic exposure to sunlight; dysplastic (premalignant) changes are noted microscopically, analogous to solar keratosis. ... Synonym: actinic cheilitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

solar dermatitis
A dermatitis in photosensitive persons caused by exposure to the sun's rays. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

solar elastosis
Elastosis seen histologically in the sun-exposed skin of the elderly or in those who have chronic actinic damage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

solar energy
Energy transmitted from the sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

solar fever
A tropical disease caused by dengue virus (Arbovirus), that is transmitted by the bite of an infected mosquito of the genus Aedes). Four severity grades of the illness are seen: grade I (fever and constitutional symptoms), grade II (grade I plus spontaneous bleeding of skin, gums or gastrointestinal tract), grade III (grade II plus agitation and ci …

solar ganglia
Synonym for coeliac ganglia ... The largest and highest group of prevertebral sympathetic ganglia, located on the superior part of the abdominal aorta, on either side of the origin of the coeliac artery; contains sympathetic neurons whose unmyelinated postganglionic axons innervate the stomach, liver, gallbladder, spleen, kidney, small intestine, an …

solar keratosis
A skin lesion that is abnormally sensitive to the effects of ultraviolet light (sunlight). Thought to be a precancerous skin lesion that is more common in the fair-skinned or elderly individual. Approximately 20% of these skin lesions will develop into squamous cell carcinoma. Prevention includes the use of sun screen agents and the avoidance of dr …

solar lentigo
Synonym: senile lentigo. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

solar maculopathy
Damage to the fovea centralis of the retina and the adjacent choroid due to the thermal action of infrared rays, consequent to sungazing or watching a solar eclipse without sufficient eye protection. ... See: photoretinopathy. ... Synonym: eclipse blindness, solar blindness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

solar plexus
coeliac (nervous) plexus ...

solar retinopathy
Synonym for photoretinopathy ... A macular burn from excessive exposure to sunlight or other intense light (e.g., the flash of a short circuit); characterised subjectively by reduced visual acuity. ... See: solar maculopathy. ... Synonym: electric retinopathy, solar retinopathy. ... Origin: photo-+ retina, + G. Pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

solar system
The group of celestial bodies, including the earth, orbiting around and gravitationally bound by the sun. It includes nine planets, 34 natural satellites, more than 1,000 observed comets, and thousands of lesser bodies known as minor planets (asteroids) and meteoroids. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

solar therapy
Treatment of disease by exposure to sunlight. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

solar urticaria
A form of urticaria resulting from exposure to specific light spectra; e.g., sunlight; some patients have passive-transfer antibodies and others do not. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...