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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

arterial canal
Synonym for ductus arteriosus ... Before birth, the blood headed from the heart (via the pulmonary artery) for the lungs is shunted away from the lungs and returned to the greatest of arteries (the aorta). The shunt is through a short vessel called the ductus arteriosus. When the shunt is open, it is said to be patent (pronounced pa'tent). The paten …

arterial capillary
A capillary opening from an arteriole or metarteriole. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arterial circle of cerebrum
An anastomotic 'circle' of arteries (roughly pentagonal in outline) at the base of the brain, formed, sequentially and in anterior to posterior direction, by the anterior communicating artery, the two anterior cerebral, the two internal carotid, the two posterior communicating, and the two posterior cerebral arteries. ... Synonym: circulus arteriosu …

arterial cone
Synonym for conus arteriosus ... The left or anterosuperior, smooth-walled portion of the cavity of the right ventricle of the heart, which begins at the supraventricular crest and terminates in the pulmonary trunk. ... Synonym: arterial cone, pulmonary cone, pulmonary conus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arterial duct
Synonym for ductus arteriosus ... Before birth, the blood headed from the heart (via the pulmonary artery) for the lungs is shunted away from the lungs and returned to the greatest of arteries (the aorta). The shunt is through a short vessel called the ductus arteriosus. When the shunt is open, it is said to be patent (pronounced pa'tent). The paten …

arterial embolism
<cardiology, physiology> A sudden interruption in arterial blood flow to an organ or body part (extremity). The blockage is caused by a blot clot or atherosclerotic plaque that has moved through the arterial circulation from one position to another. ... The resulting mechanism is the same regardless of cause or location. Oxygen deprivation to …

arterial flap
Synonym for axial pattern flap ... A flap that includes a direct specific artery within its longitudinal axis. ... Synonym: arterial flap. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arterial forceps
A locking forceps with sloping blades for grasping the end of a blood vessel until a ligature is applied. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arterial grooves
Branching grooves on the interior surface of the cranial vault in which the meningeal arteries course, the most prominent of which are related to branches of the middle meningeal artery. ... Synonym: sulci arteriosi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arterial hyperaemia
active hyperaemia ...

arterial hypotension
See: hypotension. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arterial ligament
Synonym for ligamentum arteriosum ... The remains of the ductus arteriosus. ... Synonym: arterial ligament, Botallo's ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arterial line
An intra-arterial catheter. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arterial murmur
A murmur heard on auscultating an artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arterial nephrosclerosis
Patchy atrophic scarring of the kidney due to arteriosclerotic narrowing of the lumens of large branches of the renal artery, occurring in old or hypertensive persons and occasionally causing hypertension. ... Synonym: arterionephrosclerosis, senile nephrosclerosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arterial occlusive diseases
Diseases in which arterial vessels are partially or completely obstructed or in which the blood flow through the vessels is impeded. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

arterial perfusion
<procedure> Treatment in which blood is drawn from a patient, pumped through a machine that adds anticancer drugs and returned to the major artery supplying the limb being treated. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

arterial plethysmography
<investigation, procedure> A test which measures the systolic blood pressure of a normal extremity compared to an upper extremity. The test is usually used to detect arterial blockage in the lower extremities. ... There should be less than 20 mm of Hg difference in systolic blood pressure between the upper and lower extremities. More than this …

arterial sclerosis
Synonym for arteriosclerosis ... <cardiology, disease> Imprecise term for various disorders of arteries, particularly hardening due to fibrosis or calcium deposition, often used as a synonym for atherosclerosis. ... (17 Oct 1997) ...

arterial segments of kidney
Synonym for renal segments ... Regions of the kidney supplied by end arteries branching from the renal arteries; they are named anterior inferior segmentum, anterius superior segmentum, inferior segmentum, posterior segmentum, and superior segmentum. ... Synonym: segmenta renalia, arterial segments of kidney. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arterial spider
spider angioma ...

arterial switch operation
Operation for complete transposition of the great arteries; the most common way to repair this defect consists of switching the aorta and pulmonary arteries and implanting the coronary arteries into the neoaorta (the original pulmonary artery). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arterial tension
The pressure of the blood within an artery, the arterial pressure. Also called the intra-arterial pressure. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

arterial thoracic outlet syndrome
<syndrome> A rare disorder due to compression of the subclavian artery (with resultant poststenotic dilation) by a fully formed cervical rib; thrombi form in the dilated distal arterial segment, and distal limb ischemia may occur due to thromboembolic events. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arterial transfusion
Direct transfusion from an artery of the donor into an artery of the receptor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arterial vein
<anatomy, vein> So called because it ramifies like an artery (portal vein) or because, while proceeding from the heart like an artery, it contains unoxygenated blood, like a vein (pulmonary artery). ... Synonym: vena arteriosa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arterial wave
A wave in the jugular phlebogram due to transmission of carotid artery pulsation. ... B wave, the initial positive deflection in the electroretinogram, possibly arising from the inner nuclear layer of the retina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriarctia
An obsolete term for vasoconstriction of the arteries. ... Origin: L. Arteria, artery, + arcto, to constrict ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriectasis
Arteriectasia ... An obsolete term for vasodilation of the arteries. ... Origin: L. Arteria, artery, + G. Ektasis, distention ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriectomy
<procedure> Excision of part of an artery. ... Origin: L. Arteria, artery, + G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteries
<anatomy> The vessels in the body that supply oxygenated blood to the tissues. ... (17 Oct 1997) ...

arteries of cerebral haemorrhage
Synonym for lateral striate arteries ... Numerous small branches from the sphenoidal part of the middle cerebral arteries supplying the lateral and anterior parts of the corpus striatum. ... Synonym: arteriae centrales anterolaterales, arteriae thalamostriatae anterolaterales, anterolateral central arteries, anterolateral striate arteries, anterolate …

arteries of kidney
Synonym for segmental arteries of kidney ... The branches of the renal artery that supply the anatomical segments of kidney. Usually five in number, they are end arteries and give off interlobar, arcuate and interlobular arteries in sequence. The latter send afferent arterioles to the glomeruli as well as branches to the kidney capsule. The segmenta …

arteries of penis
See: dorsal artery of penis, deep artery of penis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arterio-
Artery. ... Origin: L. Arteria, fr. G. Arteria, a windpipe, an artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arterio-arterial fistula
Abnormal communication between two arteries. It may result from injury or occur as a congenital abnormality. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

arterioatony
An abnormally relaxed state of the arterial walls. ... Origin: arterio-+ G. Atonia, atony ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriocapillary
Relating to both arteries and capillaries. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriocapillary sclerosis
Arteriosclerosis, especially of the finer vessels. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriococcygeal gland
Synonym for coccygeal body ... An arteriovenous (arteriolovenular) anastomosis supplied by the middle sacral artery and located on the pelvic surface of the coccyx. It was formerly called a gland (of Luschka) or a glomus and included with the paraganglia. ... Synonym: corpus coccygeum, arteriococcygeal gland, coccygeal gland, glomus coccygeum. ... (05 …

arteriogram
<radiology> A radiographic technique where a radio-opaque (shows up on X-ray) contrast material is injected into a blood vessel for the purpose of identifying its anatomy on X-ray. ... This technique is used to image arteries in the brain, heart, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, aorta, neck (carotids), chest, limbs and pulmonary circuit. ... (2 …

arteriographic
Relating to or utilizing arteriography. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriography
<radiology> Roentgenography of arteries after injection of radiopacque material into the blood stream. ... (17 Oct 1997) ...

arteriola
Synonym: arteriole. ... Origin: Mod. L. Dim. Of arteria, artery ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriola glomerularis afferens
Synonym for afferent glomerular arteriole ... A branch of an interlobular artery of the kidney that conveys blood to the glomerulus. ... Synonym: arteriola glomerularis afferens, vas afferens, afferent vessel. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriola glomerularis efferens
Synonym for efferent glomerular arteriole ... The vessel that carries blood from the glomerular capillary network to the capillary bed of the proximal convoluted tubule; collectively, these vessels constitute the renal portal system. ... Synonym: arteriola glomerularis efferens, vas efferens, efferent vessel. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriola macularis inferior
Synonym for inferior macular arteriole ... Origin, central artery of retina; distribution, inferior part of macula. ... Synonym: arteriola macularis inferior. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriola macularis superior
Synonym for superior macular arteriole ... Origin, central artery of retina; distribution, upper part of macula. ... Synonym: arteriola macularis superior. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriola medialis retinae
Synonym for medial arteriole of retina ... An arteriole supplying the part of the retina between the optic disk and the macula. ... Synonym: arteriola medialis retinae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriola nasalis retinae inferior
Synonym for inferior nasal arteriole of retina ... The branch of the central artery of the retina that supplies the lower medial, or nasal, part of the retina. ... Synonym: arteriola nasalis retinae inferior. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriola nasalis retinae superior
Synonym for superior nasal arteriole of retina ... The branch of the central artery of the retina that passes to the upper medial, or nasal, part of the retina. ... Synonym: arteriola nasalis retinae superior. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriolae rectae
Synonym for vasa recta ... Straight vessels into which the efferent arteriole of the juxtamedullary glomeruli breaks up; they form a leash of vessels which, arising at the bases of the pyramids, run through the renal medulla toward the apex of each pyramid, then reverse direction in a hairpin turn, and run straight back again toward the base of the …

arteriolar
<anatomy> Pertaining to or resembling arterioles. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

arteriolar nephrosclerosis
<nephrology> Refers to the destructive changes that occur in the blood vessels of the kidney due to severe hypertension (malignant hypertension). Prolonged hypertension can result in renal failure. ... (17 Oct 1997) ...

arteriolar network
A vascular network formed by anastomoses between minute arteries just before they become capillaries. ... Synonym: rete arteriosum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriolar sclerosis
Synonym for arteriolosclerosis ... <cardiology, disease> Sclerosis and thickening of the walls of the smaller arteries (arterioles). Hyaline arteriolosclerosis, in which there is homogeneous pink hyaline thickening of the arteriolar walls, is associated with benign nephrosclerosis. ... Hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis, in which there is a concen …

arteriole
<anatomy> A minute artery, especially one that leads to a capillary. ... (17 Oct 1997) ...

arterioles
The smallest divisions of the arteries located between the muscular arteries and the capillaries. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

arteriolith
A calcareous deposit in an arterial wall or thrombus. ... Origin: L. Arteria, artery, + G. Lithos, a stone ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriolitis
Inflammation of the wall of the arterioles. ... Origin: L. Arteriola, arteriole, + G. -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriolo-
The arterioles. ... Origin: Modern L. Arteriola, arteriole ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriology
<study> That part of anatomy which treats of arteries. ... (04 Mar 1998) ...

arteriolonecrosis
Synonym: necrotizing arteriolitis. ... Origin: L. Arteriola, arteriole, + G. Nekrosis, a killing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriolonephrosclerosis
Synonym for arteriolar nephrosclerosis ... <nephrology> Refers to the destructive changes that occur in the blood vessels of the kidney due to severe hypertension (malignant hypertension). Prolonged hypertension can result in renal failure. ... (17 Oct 1997) ...

arteriolosclerosis
<cardiology, disease> Sclerosis and thickening of the walls of the smaller arteries (arterioles). Hyaline arteriolosclerosis, in which there is homogeneous pink hyaline thickening of the arteriolar walls, is associated with benign nephrosclerosis. ... Hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis, in which there is a concentric thickening with progressive n …

arteriolosclerotic kidney
A kidney in which there is sclerosis of the arterioles, i.e., arteriolar nephrosclerosis resulting from long-standing benign hypertension. Such kidney's tend to be pale red-brown or relatively gray, moderately reduced in size, and firmer than normal organs; the capsular surfaces are uniformly finely granular. Most of the arterioles are thickened an …

arteriolovenous
Involving both the arterioles and veins. ... Synonym: arteriolovenular. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriolovenular
Synonym for arteriolovenous ... Involving both the arterioles and veins. ... Synonym: arteriolovenular. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriolovenular anastomosis
Synonym for arteriovenous anastomosis ... <anatomy> A vessel that directly interconnects an artery and a vein, and that acts as a shunt to bypass the capillary bed. Not to be confused with surgical anastomosis, nor with arteriovenous fistula. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

arteriolovenular bridge
The largest capillary connecting arteriole to venule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriomalacia
Softening of the arteries. ... Origin: arterio-+ G. Malakia, softness ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriometer
An instrument for measuring the diameter of an artery, or its change in size during pulsation. ... Origin: arterio-+ G. Metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriomotor
Causing changes in the caliber of an artery; vasomotor with special reference to the arteries. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriomyomatosis
Thickening of the walls of an artery by an overgrowth of muscular fibres arranged irregularly, intersecting each other without any definite relation to the axis of the vessel. ... Origin: arterio-+ G. Mys, muscle, + -oma, tumour, + -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arterionephrosclerosis
Synonym for arterial nephrosclerosis ... Patchy atrophic scarring of the kidney due to arteriosclerotic narrowing of the lumens of large branches of the renal artery, occurring in old or hypertensive persons and occasionally causing hypertension. ... Synonym: arterionephrosclerosis, senile nephrosclerosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriopalmus
Subjective sensation of throbbing of an artery. ... Origin: arterio-+ G. Palmos, throbbing. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriopathy
Any disease of the arteries. ... Origin: arterio-+ G. Pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arterioplania
Presence of an anomaly in the course of an artery. ... Origin: arterio-+ G. Plane, a straying ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arterioplasty
Any operation for the reconstruction of the wall of an artery. ... Origin: arterio-+ G. Plastos, formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriopressor
Causing increased arterial blood pressure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriorrhaphy
Suture of an artery. ... Origin: arterio-+ G. Rhaphe, seam ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriorrhexis
Rupture of an artery. ... Origin: arterio-+ G. Rhexis, rupture ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriosclerosis
<cardiology, disease> Imprecise term for various disorders of arteries, particularly hardening due to fibrosis or calcium deposition, often used as a synonym for atherosclerosis. ... (17 Oct 1997) ...

arteriosclerosis obliterans
Arteriosclerosis in which proliferation of the intima leads to occlusion of the lumen of the arteries. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

arteriosclerotic
Relating to or affected by arteriosclerosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriosclerotic aneurysm
The most common type of aneurysm, occurring in the abdominal aorta and other large arteries, primarily in the elderly. ... Synonym: atherosclerotic aneurysm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriosclerotic gangrene
Dry gangrene resulting from sclerotic changes in the arteries, with subsequent occlusion, as in the aged. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriosclerotic kidney
A kidney in which there is sclerosis of arterial vessels larger than arterioles. Such kidney's are usually not significantly reduced in size, but are likely to be paler than usual; the capsular surface may be marked by a few, possibly several, conical, relatively deep V-shaped scars that result from fibrosis and ischemic atrophy of the region suppl …

arteriosclerotic psychosis
Psychotic disturbance in elderly persons suffering from cerebral arteriosclerosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriosclerotic retinopathy
Retinopathy distinguished by attenuated retinal arterioles with increased tortuosity, copper-or silver-wire appearance, perivascular sheathing, irregularity of lumen and scattered small haemorrhages, and small, sharp-edged deposits without surrounding oedema. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriospasm
<physiology> Spasm of an artery or arteries. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriostenosis
<physiology> Narrowing of the caliber of an artery, either temporary, through vasoconstriction, or permanent, through arteriosclerosis. ... Origin: arterio-+ G. Stenosis, a narrowing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriotomy
1. <procedure> The opening of an artery, especially. For bloodletting. ... 2. <surgery> That part of anatomy which treats of the dissection of the arteries. ... Origin: L. Arteriotomia, Gr.; + a cutting. ... (01 Mar 1998) ...

arteriotony
<physiology> An alternate but antiquated term for blood pressure. ... Origin: arterio-+ G. Tonos, tension ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriovenous
<anatomy> Both arterial and venous, pertaining to or affecting an artery and a vein. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

arteriovenous anastomosis
<anatomy> A vessel that directly interconnects an artery and a vein, and that acts as a shunt to bypass the capillary bed. Not to be confused with surgical anastomosis, nor with arteriovenous fistula. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

arteriovenous aneurysm
<anatomy> A dilated arteriovenous shunt where there is communication between an artery and a vein, sometimes congenital. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arteriovenous fistula
<surgery> The surgical joining of an artery and a vein under the skin for the purpose of haemodialysis. Larger arteriovenous shunts can place strain on the heart since arterial blood is diverted back to the venous circulation before it has a chance to deliver nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

arteriovenous malformation
<anatomy, embryology> A tangled collection of abnormal blood vessels where there is an abnormal communication between the arterial and venous systems. The afferents flow directly into the venous efferents without the usual resistance of an intervening capillary bed. ... They are mostly congenital. If large enough, they may produce a shunt of s …

arteriovenous oxygen difference
<physiology> The difference in the oxygen content (in ml per 100 ml blood) between arterial and venous blood. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...