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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


ascending part of aorta
Synonym for ascending aorta ... The part of the aorta prior to the aortic arch from which arise the coronary arteries. ... Synonym: aorta ascendens, ascending part of aorta, pars ascendens aortae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ascending part of duodenum
The terminal or fourth part of the duodenum, ascending from the horizontal part to the jejunum. ... Synonym: pars ascendens duodeni. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ascending pharyngeal artery
<anatomy, artery> Origin, external carotid; distribution, wall of pharynx and soft palate, posterior cranial fossa. ... Synonym: arteria pharyngea ascendens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ascending pharyngeal plexus
An autonomic plexus on the artery of the same name, formed of fibres from the superior cervical ganglion. ... Synonym: plexus pharyngeus ascendens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ascending posterior branch
The ascending posterior branch of the superior lobar branch of the right pulmonary artery. ... Synonym: ramus posterior ascendens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ascending process
Synonym for processus ascendens ... An upward extension of the embryonic pterygoquadrate cartilage; it develops into the greater wing of the sphenoid bone. ... Synonym: ascending process. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ascending pyelonephritis
Pyelonephritis due to bacterial infection from the lower urinary tract, particularly by reflux of infected urine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ascending tick paralysis
<neurology> An ascending paralysis caused by the continued presence of Dermacentor and Ixodes ticks attached to the occipital or upper neck region in humans. ... The treatment consists of tick removal and supportive care. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

ascension
1. The act of ascending; a rising; ascent. ... 2. Specifically: The visible ascent of our Savior on the fortieth day after his resurrection. Also, Ascension Day. ... 3. An ascending or arising, as in distillation; also that which arises, as from distillation. 'Vaporous ascensions from the stomach.' (Sir T. Browne) Ascension Day, the Thursday but one …

ascensional
Relating to ascension; connected with ascent; ascensive; tending upward; as, the ascensional power of a balloon. ... <astronomy> Ascensional difference, the difference between oblique and right ascension; used chiefly as expressing the difference between the time of the rising or setting of a body and six o'clock, or six hours from its meridia …

ascensus
A moving upward; having an abnormally high position. ... Origin: L. Ascent ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ascertainment
In epidemiological and genetic research, the method by which a person, pedigree, or cluster is brought to the attention of an investigator; has a bearing on the interpretation of segregation ratios, concordance rates, linkage analysis, and other probability features. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ascetic
In the early church, one who devoted himself to a solitary and contemplative life, characterised by devotion, extreme self-denial, and self-mortification; a hermit; a recluse; hence, one who practices extreme rigor and self-denial in religious things. 'I am far from commending those ascetics that take up their quarters in deserts.' (Norris) Ascetic …

Aschelminthes
A former phylum of the Metazoa which included the class Nematoda and a disparate assortment of other pseudocelomates, each now accorded separate phylum status; they are nonsegmented, bilaterally symmetric, and cylindric or filiform, with a pseudocele body cavity and rounded or pointed ends; they vary considerably in size, and the male is usually sm …

Ascher, Karl
<person> U.S. Ophthalmologist, 1887-1971. ... See: Ascher's aqueous influx phenomenon, Ascher's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ascher's aqueous influx phenomenon
Synonym for aqueous influx phenomenon ... The filling of the aqueous vein, which normally carries blood and aqueous, with aqueous, when the junction of the aqueous vein and the recipient vein is partially occluded. ... Synonym: Ascher's aqueous influx phenomenon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ascher's syndrome
<syndrome> A condition in which a congenital double lip is associated with blepharochalasis and nontoxic thyroid gland enlargement. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Aschheim-Zondek test
An obsolete test for pregnancy; repeated injections of small quantities of urine voided during the first months of pregnancy produce in infantile mice, within 100 hours, minute intrafollicular ovarian haemorrhages, and the development of lutein cells. ... Synonym: A.-Z. Test, Zondek-Aschheim test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Aschheim, Selmar
<person> German obstetrician and gynecologist, 1878-1965. ... See: Aschheim-Zondek test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Aschner-Dagnini reflex
Synonym for oculocardiac reflex ... A decrease in pulse rate associated with traction on extraocular muscles or compression of the eyeball; especially sensitive in children; may produce asystolic cardiac arrest. ... Synonym: Aschner's phenomenon, Aschner's reflex, Aschner-Dagnini reflex, oculovagal reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Aschner, Bernhard
<person> Austrian gynecologist, 1883-1960. ... See: Aschner's phenomenon, Aschner's reflex, Aschner-Dagnini reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Aschner's phenomenon
Synonym for oculocardiac reflex ... A decrease in pulse rate associated with traction on extraocular muscles or compression of the eyeball; especially sensitive in children; may produce asystolic cardiac arrest. ... Synonym: Aschner's phenomenon, Aschner's reflex, Aschner-Dagnini reflex, oculovagal reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Aschner's reflex
Synonym for oculocardiac reflex ... A decrease in pulse rate associated with traction on extraocular muscles or compression of the eyeball; especially sensitive in children; may produce asystolic cardiac arrest. ... Synonym: Aschner's phenomenon, Aschner's reflex, Aschner-Dagnini reflex, oculovagal reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Aschoff bodies
<pathology> Small granulomas composed of macrophages, lymphocytes and multinucleate cells grouped around eosinophilic hyaline material derived from collagen. Characteristic of the myocarditis of rheumatic fever. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Aschoff cell
A large cell component of rheumatic nodules in the myocardium with a characteristic nucleus and relatively little cytoplasm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Aschoff nodules
Synonym for Aschoff bodies ... <pathology> Small granulomas composed of macrophages, lymphocytes and multinucleate cells grouped around eosinophilic hyaline material derived from collagen. Characteristic of the myocarditis of rheumatic fever. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Aschoff, Karl Ludwig
<person> German pathologist, 1866-1942. ... See: Aschoff bodies, Aschoff nodules, node of Aschoff and Tawara, Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses, Aschoff cell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ascidium
Origin: NL, fr. Ascus. See Ascus. ... 1. <botany> A pitcher-shaped, or flask-shaped, organ or appendage of a plant, as the leaves of the pitcher plant, or the little bladderlike traps of the bladderwort (Utricularia). ... 2. <zoology> A genus of simple ascidians, which formerly included most of the known species. It is sometimes used as a …

ascites
<clinical sign, gastroenterology> An effusion and accumulation of serous fluid in the abdominal cavity. ... Synonym: abdominal dropsy, peritoneal dropsy, hydroperitonia, hydrops abdominis. ... Origin: L, Gr. Askites from askos = bag ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

ascites adiposus
Synonym for chylous ascites ... <gastroenterology> A large collection of lymph fluid in the abdominal cavity, sometimes secondary to blockage of the main lymph duct or injury to it. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

ascites in neonates
<radiology> Urine, urethral valves, UPJ or UVJ obstruction, oedema: erythroblastalis foetalis, portal vein obstruction, hypoproteinaemia, pus, peritonitis, syphilis, meconium peritonitis, gastrointestinal contents, perforation, meconium peritonitis, blood, trauma, rupture of spleen or liver, chyle, chylous ascites, lymphangiectasia, bile, com …

ascites tumour
<oncology> Tumour that grows in the peritoneal cavity as a suspension of cells. ... Obviously such cells have lost anchorage dependence and they can easily be isolated and passaged. Hybridomas are sometimes grown as ascites tumours and the ascites fluid can then be used as the crude antiserum. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

ascitic
Relating to ascites. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ascitic agar
A form of serum agar. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ascitic fluid
The serous fluid which accumulates in the peritoneal cavity in ascites. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ascitic tumour
<oncology> A tumour of the abdominal cavity which often causes oedema in that cavity. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

ascitogenous
Producing ascites. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

asclepias
<botany> A genus of plants including the milkweed, swallowwort, and some other species having medicinal properties. ... <zoology> Asclepias butterfly, a large, handsome, red and black butterfly (Danais Archippus), found in both hemispheres. It feeds on plants of the genus Asclepias. ... Origin: L, fr. Gr, named from Asclepios or Aesculapi …

ascocarp
A fungus structure, of varying complexity, which bears asci and ascospores. ... Origin: G. Askos, bag, + karpos, fruit ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ascogenous
Denoting ascus-bearing fungus hypha or cell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ascogonium
The female cell in an ascomycete that is fertilised by the male cell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ascoli
Alberto, Italian serologist, 1877-1957. ... See: Ascoli reaction, Ascoli's test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ascoli reaction
A method for confirming the diagnosis of anthrax by means of a precipitin reaction which indicates the presence of heat-stable Bacillus anthracis antigen in the extracted tissue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ascoli's test
A precipitin test for anthrax using a tissue extract and anthrax antiserum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ascomycetes
A class of fungi characterised by the presence of asci and ascospores. Such fungi have generally two distinct reproductive phases, the sexual or perfect stage and the asexual or imperfect stage. Ajellomyces capsulatum and Ajellomyces dermatitidis are pathogenic members of this class. ... Origin: G. Askos, a bag, + mykes, mushroom ... (05 Mar 2000) …

ascomycetous
Fungi related to the Ascomycota. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ascomycota
A phylum of fungi characterised by the presence of asci and ascospores. Some mycologists have moved the class Ascomycetes to the phylum or division level. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ascomycotina
<fungus> A subdivision of true fungi commonly known as cup or sac fungi. ... They reproduce asexually through externally-produced spores called conidia and sexually with the aid of specialised sacs called asci. This division includes yeasts, morels, truffles, powdery mildews, ergot and fungi responsible for other plant diseases such as chestnu …

ascorbase
Synonym for ascorbate oxidase ... <enzyme> An enzyme that converts ascorbic acid to dehydroascorbic acid. ... Chemical name: L-Ascorbate:oxygen oxidoreductase ... Registry number: EC 1.10.3.3 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ascorbate
A salt or ester of ascorbic acid. ... Ascorbate oxidase, a copper-containing enzyme that catalyses the oxidation of l-ascorbic acid with O2 to l-dehydroascorbic acid. Some forms of ascorbate oxidase use NADP+ as well. Used as an antitumour enzyme. ... Synonym: ascorbase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ascorbate oxidase
<enzyme> An enzyme that converts ascorbic acid to dehydroascorbic acid. ... Chemical name: L-Ascorbate:oxygen oxidoreductase ... Registry number: EC 1.10.3.3 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ascorbate peroxidase
<enzyme> Occurs in the stroma as a soluble form (sap28) and also in the thylakoids as membrane-bound form (sap22) in angiosperm chloroplasts ... Registry number: EC 1.11.1.11 ... Synonym: ascorbic acid peroxidase, l-ascorbic acid peroxidase, stromal ascorbate peroxidase, thylakoid-bound ascorbate peroxidase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

ascorbate-cyanide test
A test for glucose-6-phosphate-deficient red blood cells; blood is incubated with sodium cyanide and ascorbate; the hydrogen peroxide generated is free to oxidise haemoglobin to methemoglobin, since cyanide inhibits catalase; a brown colour is produced more rapidly in glucose 6-phosphate-deficient cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ascorbic acid
<biochemistry> A requisite in the diet of man and guinea pigs. May act as a reducing agent in enzymic reactions, particularly those catalysed by hydroxylases. ... Synonym: Vitamin C. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

ascorbic acid deficiency
A condition due to a dietary deficiency of ascorbic acid (vitamin c), characterised by malaise, lethargy, and weakness. As the disease progresses, joints, muscles, and subcutaneous tissues may become the sites of haemorrhage. Ascorbic acid deficiency frequently develops into scurvy in young children fed unsupplemented cow's milk exclusively during …

ascorbyl palmitate
L-Ascorbic acid-6-palmitate;used as a preservative in pharmaceutical preparations. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ascus
<fungus> Elongated spore case containing 4 or 8 haploid sexual ascospores of ascomycete fungi (which include yeasts). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

ASD
Synonym for atrial septal defect ... <cardiology> An inherited condition where there is nonclosure of the foramen ovale at birth, resulting in congenital heart disease. Usually asymptomatic until the third or fourth decades of life. ... Symptoms include exertional shortness of breath, fatigue and palpitations. ... Acronym: ASD ... (12 Jan 1998)
asecretory
Without secretion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Aselli
(AselliusAsellio) ... Gasparo, Italian anatomist at Cremona, 1581-1626. ... See: Aselli's gland, Aselli's pancreas. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Aselli's gland
A single large lymph node ventral to the abdominal aorta that receives all the lymph from the intestines in many smaller mammals. ... Synonym: Aselli's pancreas. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Aselli's pancreas
Synonym for Aselli's gland ... A single large lymph node ventral to the abdominal aorta that receives all the lymph from the intestines in many smaller mammals. ... Synonym: Aselli's pancreas. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

asemasia
Asaemia ... Synonym: asymbolia. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + semasia, the giving of a signal, fr. Sema, sign ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

asepalous
<botany> Without sepals. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

asepsis
1. <microbiology> Freedom from infection. ... 2. <technique> The prevention of contact with microorganisms. ... Origin: Gr. Sepesthai = to decay ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

aseptate
In fungi, a term describing absence of cross walls in a hyphal filament or a spore. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + L. Saeptum, a partition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aseptic
<microbiology> Freedom from infection or septic material, sterile. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

aseptic bursitis
Inflammation of a bursa that is not caused by infection. A bursa is a closed fluid-filled sac that functions as a gliding surface to reduce friction between tissues of the body. When the bursa becomes inflamed, the condition is known as bursitis. most commonly this is not an infectious condition (aseptic bursitis). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

aseptic fever
Fever accompanied by malaise due to absorption of dead but not infected tissue following an injury. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aseptic meningitis
<neurology> A meningeal reaction in the cerebrospinal fluid sometimes occurring in the absence of an infecting organism. It can be due to a virus, foreign substance, diagnostic or therapeutic procedure, or to a tumour or a septic focus within the skull or spinal canal. ... <virology> When due to a virus, it is seen most often in those un …

aseptic necrosis
<orthopaedics, pathology> Condition in which poor blood supply to an area of bone leads to bone death. Also called avascular necrosis and osteonecrosis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

aseptic surgery
The performance of an operation with sterilised hands, instruments, etc., and utilizing precautions against the introduction of infectious microorganisms from without. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aseptic technique
<procedure> A method used by microbiologists and clinicians to keep cultures, sterile instruments and media, and people free of microbial contamination. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

asepticism
The practice of aseptic surgery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

asequence
Lack of normal sequence, specifically, between atrial and ventricular contractions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

asexual
Without sex. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

asexual dwarfism
Dwarfism in which adult sexual development is deficient. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

asexual generation
Reproduction by fission, gemmation, or in any other way without union of the male and female cell, or conjugation. ... See: parthenogenesis. ... Synonym: heterogenesis, nonsexual generation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

asexual reproduction
<biology, microbiology> Reproduction in which an organism produces one or more clones of itself, such as by fission or budding. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

ASF
<abbreviation> African swine fever. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ash
<radiobiology> Fusion reaction products trapped in a plasma. Ash is bad because (a) it generally radiates more strongly than the fuel ions, and thus reduces energy confinement, and (b) it creates additional plasma pressure and/or reduces pressure available for fuel ions. ... Controlling ash is a major area of fusion research. Ideally one would …

Ashby
Winifred, 20th century haematologist. ... See: Ashby method. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ashby method
A differential agglutination method for estimating erythrocyte life span; compatible blood possessing a group factor that the recipient lacks is transferred to the recipient; after the transfusion, sera with potent agglutinins for the recipient's red cells are added to samples of the recipient's blood, and the unagglutinated red cells are counted; …

ashen tuber
Synonym for tuber cinereum ... Layer of gray matter in the hypothalamus that also forms part of the floor of the third ventricle. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ashen tubercle
Synonym for tuberculum cinereum ... A longitudinal prominence on the dorsolateral surface of the medulla oblongata along the lateral border of the tuberculum cuneatum; it is the surface profile of the spinal tract of trigeminal nerve, continuous caudally with the dorsolateral fasciculus (Lissauer's tract). ... Synonym: ashen tubercle, gray tubercle, …

ashen wing
Synonym for vagal trigone ... A prominence in the floor of the inferior fovea of the fourth ventricle that overlies the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus. ... Synonym: trigonum nervi vagi, ala cinerea, ashen wing, gray wing, trigone of vagus nerve, va'gi eminentia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Asherman
Joseph G., Czechoslovakian gynecologist, *1889. ... See: Asherman's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

asherman disease
<radiology> Uterine synechiae, linear, lucent defects in uterus on HSG, usually secondary to endometrial trauma (D&C, etc.) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Asherman's syndrome
<syndrome> Synechiae within the endometrial cavity, often causing amenorrhoea and infertility. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ashes
1. The earthy or mineral particles of combustible substances remaining after combustion, as of wood or coal. ... 2. Specifically: The remains of the human body when burnt, or when 'returned to dust' by natural decay. 'Their martyred blood and ashes sow.' (Milton) 'The coffins were broken open. The ashes were scattered to the winds.' (Macaulay) ... 3. …

Ashman
R., 20th century U.S. Physiologist. ... See: Ashman's phenomenon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ashman's phenomenon
Aberrant ventricular conduction of a beat ending a short cycle that is preceded by a longer cycle most commonly during atrial fibrillation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ashy dermatosis
Synonym for erythema dyschromicum perstans ... Variously sized gray or red, slightly elevated macular lesions that tend to coalesce on the trunk, extremities, and face, commonly in dark-skinned Latin Americans; of unknown cause. ... Synonym: ashy dermatosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

asia
The largest of the continents. It was known to the romans more specifically as what we know today as asia minor. The name comes from at least two possible sources: from the assyrian asu (to rise) or from the sanskrit usa (dawn), both with reference to its being the land of the rising sun, i.e., eastern as opposed to europe, to the west. ... (12 Dec …

asia, central
The geographical area of asia comprising kazakhstan, kyrgyzstan, tajikistan, turkmenistan, and uzbekistan. The desert region of kara kum (qara qum) is largely in turkmenistan and the desert region of kyzyl kum (kizil kum or qizil qum), is in uzbekistan and kazakhstan. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

asia, southeastern
The geographical area of asia comprising borneo, brunei, cambodia, indonesia, laos, malaysia, the mekong valley, myanmar (formerly burma), the philippines, singapore, thailand, and vietnam. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

asia, western
The geographical designation for the countries of the middle east and the countries bangladesh, bhutan, india, nepal, pakistan, and sri lanka. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

asialoglycoprotein
<protein> The carbohydrate moiety of many vertebrate glycoproteins bears terminal residues of sialic acid. ... If such residues are removed, for example by treatment with a neuraminidase, the resulting proteins are known as asialoglycoproteins. In the case of certain plasma proteins, the asialo derivatives are specifically bound by a receptor …

asialoglycoprotein receptor
A surface receptor found in hepatocytes that binds galactose-terminal glycoproteins; thus, this receptor removes those proteins from circulation and they are in turn acted upon by hepatocyte lysosomes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

asialoglycoproteins
Endogenous glycoproteins from which sialic acid has been removed by the action of sialidases. They bind tightly to their cell surface receptor which is located on hepatocyte plasma membranes. After internalization by adsorptive endocytosis they are delivered to lysosomes for degradation. Therefore receptor-mediated clearance of asialoglycoproteins …