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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

arthropathy, neurogenic
Chronic progressive degeneration of the stress-bearing portion of a joint, with bizarre hypertrophic changes at the periphery. It is probably a complication of a variety of neurologic disorders, particularly tabes dorsalis, involving loss of sensation, which leads to relaxation of supporting structures and chronic instability of the joint. ... (12 D …

arthrophyma
An articular tumour or swelling. ... Origin: arthro-+ G. Phyma, swelling, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arthroplasty
<orthopaedics> The surgical repair of a joint. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

arthroplasty, replacement
Partial or total replacement of a joint. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

arthroplasty, replacement, hip
Replacement of the hip joint. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

arthroplasty, replacement, knee
Replacement of the knee joint. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

arthropneumoradiography
Radiographic examination of a joint after it has been injected with air. ... Origin: arthro-+ pneumo-+ radiography ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arthropod
<biology, zoology> The largest phylum of the animal kingdom, containing several million species. Arthropods are characterised by a rigid external skeleton, paired and jointed legs and a haemocoel. The phylum Arthropoda includes the major classes Insecta, Crustacea, Myriapodia and Arachnida. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

arthropod vectors
Arthropods, other than insects and arachnids, which transmit infective organisms from one host to another or from an inanimate reservoir to an animate host. Arachnid vectors and insect vectors are also available. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

arthropod venoms
Venoms from animals of the phylum arthropoda. Those most investigated are from scorpions and spiders of the class arachnidae and from ant, bee, and wasp families of the insecta order hymenoptera. The venoms contain protein toxins, enzymes, and other bioactive substances and may be lethal to man. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

arthropodiasis
Direct effects of arthropods upon vertebrates including acariasis, allergy, dermatosis, entomophobia, and actions of contact toxins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arthropodic
Pertaining to arthropods. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arthropods
Members of the phylum arthropoda of the animal kingdom, composed of organisms having a hard, jointed exoskeleton and paired jointed legs, and including among other classes, the arachnida and insects, many species of which are important medically as parasites or as vectors of organisms capable of causing disease in man. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

arthropyosis
Suppuration in a joint. ... Origin: arthro-+ G. Pyosis, suppuration ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arthrorisis
An operation for limiting motion in a joint in cases of undue mobility from paralysis, usually by means of a bone block. ... Synonym: arthroereisis. ... Origin: arthro-+ G. Ereisis, a propping up ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arthrosclerosis
Stiffness of the joints, especially in the aged. ... Origin: arthro-+ G. Sklerosis, hardening ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arthroscope
<instrument, orthopaedics> A thin flexible fibreoptic scope which is introduced into a joint space via a small incision. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

arthroscopic knee repair
<orthopaedics> A fibreoptic procedure, known as arthroscopy, is used in the surgical repair of any of several knee ligaments including the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), lateral or medial meniscus, lateral collateral or medial collateral ligament. Recovery from this procedure is based largely on the ligament repaired and can be highly vari …

arthroscopy
<orthopaedics, procedure> The introduction of a thin fibreoptic scope into a joint space to allow direct visualisation of internal structures. In some cases, surgical repair can also be performed using the arthroscope. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

arthrosis
<orthopaedics, rheumatology> A disease of a joint. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

arthrospore
<microbiology> This is a cell formed by the fragmentation of a fungus' hyphae. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

arthrosteitis
Inflammation of the osseous structures of a joint. ... Origin: arthro-+ G. Osteon, bone, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arthrostomy
<procedure> Establishment of a temporary opening into a joint cavity. ... Origin: arthro-+ G. Stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arthrosynovitis
Inflammation of the synovial membrane of a joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arthrotome
A large, strong scalpel used in cutting cartilaginous and other tough joint structures. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arthrotomy
<orthopaedics> A surgical incision into a joint. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

arthrotropic
Tending to affect joints. ... Origin: arthro-+ G. Tropos, a turning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arthrotyphoid
An obsolete term for typhoid fever with joint involvement due to metastatic infection. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

arthroxesis
Removal of diseased tissue from a joint by means of the sharp spoon or other scraping instrument. ... Origin: arthro-+ G. Xesis, a scraping ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Arthus phenomenon
A form of immediate hypersensitivity resulting in erythema, oedema, haemorrhage, and necrosis observed in rabbits after injection of antigen to which the animal has already been sensitised and has specific IgG antibodies. The reaction is caused by the inflammation that results from the deposition of antigen-antibody complexes in tissue spaces and i …

Arthus reaction
<dermatology, immunology> A localised inflammation due to injection of antigen into an animal that has a high level of circulating antibody against that antigen. ... A haemorrhagic reaction with oedema occurs due to the destruction of small blood vessels by thrombi. It may occur, as in Farmer's Lung, as a reaction to natural exposure to antige …

arthus-type reaction's
Reaction's in man and other species that result from the same basic immunologic (allergic) mechanism which evokes, in the rabbit, the typical Arthus phenomenon. ... See: immune complex disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Arthus, Nicolas
<person> French bacteriologist, 1862-1945. ... See: Arthus phenomenon, Arthus reaction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

artichoke
<botany> ... 1. The Cynara scolymus, a plant somewhat resembling a thistle, with a dilated, imbricated, and prickly involucre. The head (to which the name is also applied) is composed of numerous oval scales, inclosing the florets, sitting on a broad receptacle, which, with the fleshy base of the scales, is much esteemed as an article of food. …

article
<botany> In botany terminology, a segment of a jointed stem or of a fruit with constrictions between the seeds. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

articular
<orthopaedics, rheumatology> Of or pertaining to a joint. ... Origin: L. Articularis ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

articular branches
Branches distributed to joints. Almost any vessel related to a joint will supply articular rami. Most joints receive articular branches from the intramuscular branches of the motor nerves innervating the muscles crossing the joint (see Hilton's law). at this printing, Nomina Anatomica, however, specifically recognises only the articular branches of …

articular capsule
A sac enclosing a joint, formed by an outer fibrous articular capsule and an inner synovial membrane. ... Synonym: capsula articularis, joint capsule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular cartilage
The cartilage covering the articular surfaces of the bones participating in a synovial joint. ... Synonym: cartilago articularis, arthrodial cartilage, diarthrodial cartilage, investing cartilage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular cavity
A joint cavity, the potential space bounded by the synovial membrane and articular cartilages of all synovial joints. Normally, the articular cavity contains only sufficient synovial fluid to lubricate the internal surfaces. ... Synonym: cavitas articularis, cavum articulare. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular circumference of radius
The portion of the head of the radius that articulates with the radial notch of the ulna. ... Synonym: circumferentia articularis radii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular circumference of ulna
The portion of the head of the ulna that articulates with the ulnar notch of the radius. ... Synonym: circumferentia articularis ulnae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular corpuscles
Encapsulated nerve terminations within joint capsules. ... Synonym: corpuscula articularia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular crescent
Synonym for articular meniscus ... A crescent-shaped intra-articular fibrocartilage found in certain joints. ... Synonym: meniscus articularis, articular crescent, intra-articular cartilage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular crests
Synonym for intermediate sacral crests ... Crests formed by the fusion of articular processes of all the sacral vertebrae. ... Synonym: articular crests, cristae sacrales intermediae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular disc
A plate or ring of fibrocartilage attached to the joint capsule and separating the articular surfaces of the bones for a varying distance, sometimes completely; it serves to adapt two articular surfaces that are not entirely congruent. ... Synonym: discus articularis, articular disk, fibrocartilago interarticularis, fibroplate, interarticular fibroc …

articular disk
Synonym for articular disc ... A plate or ring of fibrocartilage attached to the joint capsule and separating the articular surfaces of the bones for a varying distance, sometimes completely; it serves to adapt two articular surfaces that are not entirely congruent. ... Synonym: discus articularis, articular disk, fibrocartilago interarticularis, fib …

articular eminence of temporal bone
Synonym for articular tubercle of temporal bone ... Articular eminence of the temporal bone which bounds the mandibular fossa anteriorly; it forms the anterior root of the zygomatic process; it is enclosed by the articular capsule of the temporomandibular joint with the articular fossa; the head of the mandible (and intervening articular disc) move …

articular facet
A relatively small articular surface of a bone, especially a vertebra. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular fossa of temporal bone
Synonym for mandibular fossa ... A deep hollow in the squamous portion of the temporal bone at the root of the zygoma, in which rests the condyle of the mandible. ... Synonym: cavitas glenoidalis, fossa mandibularis, articular fossa of temporal bone, glenoid cavity, glenoid fossa, glenoid surface. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular fracture
A fracture involving the joint surface of a bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular labrum
A fibrocartilaginous lip around the margin of the concave portion of some joints. ... Synonym: labrum articulare, articular lip. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular lamella
The compact layer of bone on its articular surface that is firmly attached to the overlying articular cartilage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular leprosy
A late stage of anaesthetic leprosy. ... Synonym: mutilating leprosy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular lip
Synonym for articular labrum ... A fibrocartilaginous lip around the margin of the concave portion of some joints. ... Synonym: labrum articulare, articular lip. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular margin
Synonym for glenoid labrum ... A ring of fibrocartilage attached to the margin of the glenoid cavity of the scapula to increase its depth. ... Synonym: labrum glenoidale, articular margin, circumferential cartilage, glenoid ligament, glenoidal lip, ligamentum glenoidale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular meniscus
A crescent-shaped intra-articular fibrocartilage found in certain joints. ... Synonym: meniscus articularis, articular crescent, intra-articular cartilage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular muscle
<anatomy> A muscle that inserts directly onto the capsule of a joint, acting to retract the capsule in certain movements. ... Synonym: musculus articularis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular muscle of elbow
Synonym for articularis cubiti muscle ... <anatomy> The name applied to a small slip of the medial head of the triceps that inserts into the capsule of the elbow joint. ... Synonym: musculus articularis cubiti, articular muscle of elbow, subanconeus muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular muscle of knee
Synonym for articularis genu ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, lower fourth of anterior surface of shaft of femur; insertion, suprapatellar bursa of knee joint; action, retracts suprapatellar bursa, during extension of knee; nerve supply, femoral. ... Synonym: musculus articularis genus, articular muscle of knee, Dupre's muscle, subcrural muscle, s …

articular nerve
<anatomy, nerve> A branch of a nerve supplying a joint. ... Synonym: nervus articularis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular network
Synonym for articular vascular network ... A vascular rete in the neighborhood of a joint, where such arrangements are common, enabling a collateral circulation by which blood will be supplied distal to the joint regardless of compromises resulting from joint position. ... Synonym: circulus articularis vasculosus, rete vasculosum articulare, articula …

articular pit of head of radius
Synonym for fovea of the radial head ... The depression on the top (superior surface) of the head of the radius for articulation with the capitulum of the humerus. ... Synonym: fovea articularis capitis radii, articular pit of head of radius. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular process
One of the small flat projections on the surfaces of the arches of the vertebrae on either side, at the point where the pedicles and laminae join, forming the zygapophysial joint surfaces; superior articular process, diapophysis; one of the anticular processes on the superior surface of the vertebral arch; inferior articular process, one of the art …

articular rheumatism
Synonym for arthritis ... <rheumatology> An inflammatory condition that affects joints. Can be infective, autoimmune, traumatic in origin. ... Origin: Gr. Arthron = joint ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

articular sensibility
Appreciation of sensation in joint surfaces. ... Synonym: arthresthesia, joint sense. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular surface
Any articular surface. ... Synonym: facies articularis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular surface of acromion
A small oval facet on the medial border of the acromion for articulation with the lateral end of the clavicle. ... Synonym: facies articularis acromii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular surface of head of fibula
The flat circular surface on the head of the fibula for articulation with the corresponding facet on the lateral condyle of the tibia. ... Synonym: facies articularis capitis fibulae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular surface of head of rib
An articular surface on the head of a rib that articulates with the body of a vertebra. ... Synonym: facies articularis capitis costae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular surface of patella
The posterior surface of the patella, covered with hyaline cartilage and subdivided by a vertical ridge into a larger lateral and a smaller medial surface for articulation with the corresponding condyles of the femur. ... Synonym: facies articularis patellae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular surface of temporal bone
The smooth portion of the mandibular articular fossa and eminence of the temporal bone that articulates with the disk of the temporomandibular joint. ... Synonym: facies articularis ossis temporalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular tubercle of temporal bone
Articular eminence of the temporal bone which bounds the mandibular fossa anteriorly; it forms the anterior root of the zygomatic process; it is enclosed by the articular capsule of the temporomandibular joint with the articular fossa; the head of the mandible (and intervening articular disc) move onto the articular tubercle to allow full depressio …

articular vascular circle
An anastomosis of vessels encircling a joint. ... See: articular vascular network. ... Synonym: circulus articularis vasculosus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular vascular network
A vascular rete in the neighborhood of a joint, where such arrangements are common, enabling a collateral circulation by which blood will be supplied distal to the joint regardless of compromises resulting from joint position. ... Synonym: circulus articularis vasculosus, rete vasculosum articulare, articular network. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular vascular network of elbow
Vascular networks in the region of the elbow, composed of anastomoses between branches of the radial and middle collateral, superior and inferior ulnar collateral, radial recurrent, interosseous recurrent, and recurrent ulnar arteries. ... Synonym: rete articulare cubiti. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articular vascular network of knee
An arterial network over the front and sides of the knee, formed by branches of the descending genicular artery, of the five genicular arteries from the popliteal, of the anterior tibial recurrent, and of the fibular circumflex branch of the posterior tibial. ... Synonym: rete articulare genus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articulare
In cephalometrics, the point of intersection of the external dorsal contour of the mandibular condyle and the temporal bone; the midpoint is used when a profile radiograph shows double projections of the rami. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articularis cubiti muscle
<anatomy> The name applied to a small slip of the medial head of the triceps that inserts into the capsule of the elbow joint. ... Synonym: musculus articularis cubiti, articular muscle of elbow, subanconeus muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articularis genu
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, lower fourth of anterior surface of shaft of femur; insertion, suprapatellar bursa of knee joint; action, retracts suprapatellar bursa, during extension of knee; nerve supply, femoral. ... Synonym: musculus articularis genus, articular muscle of knee, Dupre's muscle, subcrural muscle, subcruralis, subcrureus, subquadr …

articulata
<zoology> 1. One of the four subkingdoms in the classification of Cuvier. It has been much modified by later writers. ... It includes those Invertebrata having the body composed of ringlike segments (arthromeres). By some writers, the unsegmented worms (helminths) have also been included; by others it is restricted to the Arthropoda. It corres …

articulate
<orthopaedics, rheumatology> Jointed, or having joints where separation may occur naturally. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

articulated
Having joints, jointed, provided with places where separation may take place. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

articulated skeleton
Mounted skeleton, one with the various parts connected in such a way as to demonstrate normal relationships and allow motion between components as in the living body. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articulating paper
occluding paper ...

articulatio
Synonym: joint. ... Origin: L. A forming of vines ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articulatio acromioclavicularis
Synonym for acromioclavicular joint ... The joint formed by the acromion of the scapula and the acromial extremity of the clavicle. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

articulatio atlanto-occipitalis
Synonym for atlanto-occipital joint ... <anatomy> A condylar synovial joint between the superior articular facets of the atlas and the condyles of the occipital bone. ... Synonym: articulatio atlanto-occipitalis, atlanto-occipital articulation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articulatio atlantoaxialis mediana
Synonym for median atlantoaxial joint ... A pivot synovial joint between the dens of the axis and the ring formed by the anterior arch and the transverse ligament of the atlas. ... Synonym: articulatio atlantoaxialis mediana, Cruveilhier's joint, middle atlantoepistrophic joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articulatio bicondylaris
Synonym for bicondylar joint ... A synovial joint in which two more or less distinct, rounded surfaces of one bone articulate with shallow depressions on another bone. ... Synonym: articulatio bicondylaris, bicondylar articulation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articulatio calcaneocuboidea
Synonym for calcaneocuboid joint ... A somewhat saddle-shaped synovial joint between the anterior surface of the calcaneus and the posterior surface of the cuboid. This is the lateral element of the compound transverse tarsal joint. ... Synonym: articulatio calcaneocuboidea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articulatio capitis costae
Synonym for joint of head of rib ... The synovial joint between a rib and bodies of two adjacent vertebrae; the joint cavity is divided by an intra-articular ligament which attaches to the intervertebral disk; the first, tenth, eleventh, and twelfth ribs articulate with only one vertebra. ... Synonym: articulatio capitis costae, capitular joint. ... ( …

articulatio cartilaginis
Synonym for cartilaginous joint ... A joint in which the apposed bony surfaces are united by cartilage; they are divided into synchondroses and symphyses; in synchondroses, the cartilage connecting the apposed surfaces is, as a rule, ultimately converted to bone, as between epiphyses and diaphyses of long bones; exceptions are the sternal synchondro …

articulatio complexa
Synonym for compound joint ... A joint composed of three or more skeletal elements, or in which two anatomically separate joints function as a unit. For example, the telonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints act together as the compound transverse tarsal joint. ... Synonym: articulatio complexa, articulatio composita, composite joint, compound articula …

articulatio composita
Synonym for compound joint ... A joint composed of three or more skeletal elements, or in which two anatomically separate joints function as a unit. For example, the telonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints act together as the compound transverse tarsal joint. ... Synonym: articulatio complexa, articulatio composita, composite joint, compound articula …

articulatio condylaris
An alternate term for ellipsoidal joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articulatio costochondralis
Synonym for costochondral joint ... The cartilaginous joint between the sternal end of a rib and the lateral end of a costal cartilage. ... Synonym: articulatio costochondralis, costochondral junction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articulatio costotransversaria
Synonym for costotransverse joint ... The synovial articulation between the neck and tubercle of a rib and the transverse process of a vertebra. ... Synonym: articulatio costotransversaria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articulatio cotylica
An alternate term for ball-and-socket joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

articulatio coxae
Synonym for hip joint ... The ball-and-socket synovial joint between the head of the femur and the acetabulum. ... Synonym: articulatio coxae, coxa, thigh joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...