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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

pathogens
<dentistry> Disease producing organisms that can exist in many different places. (for example: Air, dust, counter top surfaces, the body, etc.) ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

pathognomonic symptom
A symptom that, when present, points unmistakably to the presence of a certain definite disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathognomy
<procedure> Rarely used term for diagnosis by means of a study of the typical symptoms of a disease, or of the subjective sensations of the patient. ... Origin: patho-+ G. Gnome, a mark, a sign ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathognostic
Rarely used synonym for pathognomonic. ... Origin: patho-+ G. Gnostikos, pertaining to knowledge ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathography
Rarely used term for a treatise on or description of disease; a treatise on pathology. ... Origin: patho-+ G. Graphe, a description ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

patholesia
Rarely used term for any impairment or abnormality of the will. ... Origin: path-+ G. Lesis, choice, will ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathologic
1. Indicative of or caused by a morbid condition. ... 2. Pertaining to pathology (branch of medicine that treats the essential nature of the disease, especially the structural and functional changes in tissues and organs of the body caused by the disease). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

pathologic absorption
Parenteral absorption of any excremental or pathologic material into the bloodstream, e.g., pus, urine, bile, etc. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathologic amenorrhoea
Amenorrhoea due to organic disease, either uterine or other, e.g., ovarian or pituitary failure, Simmonds' disease, inconstant and irrelevant debility. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathologic amputation
Amputation necessitated by cancer or other disease of the limb and not by an injury. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathologic calcification
Calcification occurring in excretory or secretory passages as calculi, and in tissues other than bone and teeth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathologic diagnosis
A diagnosis, sometimes postmortem, made from an anatomic and/or histologic study of the lesions present. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathologic fracture
A fracture occurring at a site weakened by preexisting disease, especially neoplasm or necrosis, of the bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathologic glycosuria
Chronic excretion of relatively large amounts of sugar in the urine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathologic histology
Synonym for histopathology ... <study> This is the science concerned with the study of microscopic changes in diseased tissues. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

pathologic physiology
That part of the science of disease concerned with disordered function, as distinguished from anatomical lesions. ... Synonym: physiopathology. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathologic processes
The mechanisms and forms involved in the structural and functional changes in tissue and organs which cause or are caused by disease. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pathologic retraction ring
A constriction located at the junction of the thinned lower uterine segment with the thick retracted upper uterine segment, resulting from obstructed labour; this is one of the classic signs of threatened rupture of the uterus. ... Synonym: Bandl's ring, Baudelocque's uterine circle, Scanzoni's second os. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathologic rigidity
Rigidity of the cervix uteri in labour, due to fibrosis, scarring, cancer, or other condition. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathologic sphincter
A thickening of circular musculature caused by disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathologic startle syndromes
A group of disorders characterised by markedly exaggerated startle reflex and other exaggerated stimulus-induced responses. Includes hyperexplexia and probably latah and the jumping Frenchman of Maine syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathological anatomy
Synonym for anatomical pathology ... The subspecialty of pathology that pertains to the gross and microscopic study of organs and tissues removed for biopsy or during postmortem examination, and also the interpretation of the results of such study. ... Synonym: pathological anatomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathological model
An animal or animal stock that by inheritance or by artificial manipulation develops a disorder similar to some disease of interest and hence directly or by analogy furnishes evidence of its pathogenesis and may be used as a model for the study of preventive or therapeutic measures. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathological pathways
Synonym for paraprotein ... <biochemistry, immunology> Malignant paraprotein is a form of antibody characteristic of and produced by malignant cells of the mature B-cell type, for example in multiple myeloma. ... <tumour marker> Its presence in the blood acts as an important marker of disease. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

pathologist
<specialist> A doctor who specialises in identifying diseases by studying cells and tissues under a microscope. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

pathology
<study> The branch of medicine concerned with disease, especially its structure and its functional effects on the body. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

pathology department, hospital
Hospital department which administers and provides pathology services. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pathology, clinical
A subspecialty of pathology which deals with the laboratory analysis of specimens of human blood and other fluids. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pathology, oral
A dental specialty concerned with pathology of the oral cavity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pathology, surgical
A field of anatomical pathology in which living tissue is surgically removed for the purpose of diagnosis and treatment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pathometric
Relating to pathometry. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathometry
Determination of the proportionate number of individuals affected with a certain disease at a given time, and of the conditions leading to an increase or decrease in this number. ... Origin: patho-+ G. Metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathomimesis
Mimicry of a disease or dysfunction, whether intentional or unconscious. ... Synonym: pathomimicry. ... Origin: patho-+ G. Mimesis, imitation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathomimicry
Synonym for pathomimesis ... Mimicry of a disease or dysfunction, whether intentional or unconscious. ... Synonym: pathomimicry. ... Origin: patho-+ G. Mimesis, imitation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathomiosis
The attitude that leads a patient to minimise his/her disease. ... Origin: patho-+ G. Meiosis, a lessening ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathomorphism
Abnormal morphology. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathonomy
The science of the laws of morbid changes. ... Origin: patho-+ G. Nomos, law ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathophobia
Synonym: nosophobia. ... Origin: patho-+ G. Phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathophysiology
Derangement of function seen in disease; alteration in function as distinguished from structural defects. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathopoiesis
Rarely used term for the mode of production of disease. ... Origin: patho-+ G. Poiesis, making ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathosis
Rarely used term for a state of disease, diseased condition, or disease entity. ... Origin: patho-+ G. -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathotropism
Attraction of drugs toward diseased structures. ... Origin: patho-+ G. Tropos, a turning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pathway
1. A collection of axons establishing a conduction route for nerve impulses from one group of nerve cells to another group or to an effector organ composed of muscle or gland cells. ... 2. Any sequence of chemical reactions leading from one compound to another; if taking place in living tissue, usually referred to as a biochemical pathway. ... (05 Ma …

patience
1. The state or quality of being patient; the power of suffering with fortitude; uncomplaining endurance of evils or wrongs, as toil, pain, poverty, insult, oppression, calamity, etc. 'Strenthened with all might, . . . Unto all patience and long-suffering.' (Col. I. 11) 'I must have patience to endure the load.' (Shak) 'Who hath learned lowliness F …

patient
1. A person who is receiving medical treatment, especially in a hospital. ... 2. A person who is registered with a doctor, dentist, etc and is treated by him when necessary. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

patient acceptance of health care
The seeking and acceptance by patients of health service. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

patient admission
The process of accepting patients. The concept includes patients accepted for medical and nursing care in a hospital or other health care institution. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

patient advocacy
Promotion and protection of the rights of patients, frequently through a legal process. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

patient care
The services rendered by members of the health profession and non-professionals under their supervision for the benefit of the patient. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

patient care management
Generating, planning, organizing, and administering medical and nursing care and services for patients. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

patient care planning
Usually a written medical and nursing care program designed for a particular patient. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

patient care team
Care of patients by a multidisciplinary team usually organised under the leadership of a physician; each member of the team has specific responsibilities and the whole team contributes to the care of the patient. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

patient compliance
Voluntary cooperation of the patient in following a prescribed regimen. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

patient controlled analgesia
<anaesthetics, procedure> Self-administration of analgesics by a patient instructed in doing so, usually refers to self-dosing with intravenous opioid (for example, morphine) administered by means of a programmable pump. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

patient credit and collection
Accounting procedures for determining credit status and methods of obtaining payment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

patient discharge
The administrative process of discharging the patient, live or dead, from hospitals or other health facilities. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

patient education
The teaching or training of patients concerning their own health needs. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

patient escort service
A special service provided by volunteers to accompany patients who need help in moving about the health facility. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

patient identification systems
Organised procedures for establishing patient identity, including use of bracelets, etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

patient isolation
The segregation of patients with communicable or other diseases for a specified time. Isolation may be strict, in which movement and social contacts are limited; modified, where an effort to control specified aspects of care is made in order to prevent cross infection; or reverse, where the patient is secluded in a controlled or germ-free environme …

patient isolators
Equipment used to prevent contamination of and by patients, especially those with bacterial infections. This includes plastic surgical isolators and isolators used to protect immunocompromised patients. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

patient participation
Patient involvement in the decision-making process in matters pertaining to health. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

patient readmission
Subsequent admissions of a patient to a hospital or other health care institution for treatment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

patient satisfaction
The degree to which the individual regards the health care service or product or the manner in which it is delivered by the provider as useful, effective, or beneficial. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

patient selection
Criteria and standards used for the determination of the appropriateness of the inclusion of patients with specific conditions in proposed treatment plans and the criteria used for the inclusion of subjects in various clinical trials and other research protocols. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

patient simulation
The use of persons coached to feign symptoms or conditions of real diseases in a life-like manner in order to teach or evaluate medical personnel. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

patient transfer
Interfacility or intrahospital transfer of patients. Intrahospital transfer is usually to obtain a specific kind of care and interfacility transfer is usually for economic reasons as well as type of care provided. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Patient Zero
The individual identified in 1982 by the Centres for Disease Control as responsible for introducing the HIV virus into the U.S. Population. A Canadian citisen, Patient Zero was a homosexual airline steward who claimed to have had as many as 2,500 sexual encounters. CDC epidemiologists located 19 men in Los Angeles, 22 in New York City, and 8 in oth …

patient-centreed care
Design of patient care wherein institutional resources and personnel are organised around patients rather than around specialised departments. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

patients
People who are ill or who are undergoing treatment for a disease. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

patients' rooms
Rooms occupied by one or more individuals during a stay in a health facility. The concept includes aspects of environment, design, care, or economics. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Patois virus
A serologic group of the genus Bunyavirus, comprising 4 species. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Paton's lines
Synonym for striae retinae ... Concentric lines on the surface of an abnormal retina. ... Synonym: Paton's lines. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

patriarch
1. The father and ruler of a family; one who governs his family or descendants by paternal right; usually applied to heads of families in ancient history, especially in Biblical and Jewish history to those who lived before the time of Moses. ... 2. A dignitary superior to the order of archbishops; as, the patriarch of Constantinople, of Alexandria, …

patriarchal
1. Of or pertaining to a patriarch or to patriarchs; possessed by, or subject to, patriarchs; as, patriarchal authority or jurisdiction; a patriarchal see; a patriarchal church. ... 2. Characteristic of a patriarch; venerable. 'About whose patriarchal knee Late the little children clung.' (Tennyson) ... 3. <ethnology> Having an organization of …

patrician
1. Of or pertaining to the Roman patres (fathers) or senators, or patricians. ... 2. Of, pertaining to, or appropriate to, a person of high birth; noble; not plebeian. 'Born in the patrician file of society.' (Sir W. Scott) 'His horse's hoofs wet with patrician blood.' (Addison) ... Origin: L. Patricius, fr. Patres fathers or senators, pl. Of pater: …

patricide
1. The killing of one's father. ... 2. One who commits such an act. ... See: parricide. ... Compare: matricide. ... Origin: L. Pater, father, + caedo, to kill ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Patrick, Hugh
<person> U.S. Neurologist, 1860-1938. ... See: Patrick's test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Patrick's test
A test to determine the presence or absence of sacroiliac disease; with the patient supine, the hip and knee are flexed and the external malleolus is placed above the patella of the opposite leg; this can ordinarily be done without pain, but, on depressing the knee, pain is promptly elicited in sacroiliac disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

patrilineal
Related to descent through the male line; inheritance of the Y chromosome is exclusively patrilineal. ... Origin: L. Pater, father, + linea, line ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

patronize
1. To act as patron toward; to support; to countenance; to favor; to aid. 'The idea has been patronised by two States only.' (A. Hamilton) ... 2. To trade with customarily; to frequent as a customer. ... 3. To assume the air of a patron, or of a superior and protector, toward; used in an unfavorable sense; as, to patronize one's equals. ... Origin: Pa …

patter
1. To strike with a quick succession of slight, sharp sounds; as, pattering rain or hail; pattering feet. 'The stealing shower is scarce to patter heard.' (Thomson) ... 2. To mutter; to mumble; as, to patter with the lips. [In this sense, and in the following, perh. From paternoster. ... 3. To talk glibly; to chatter; to harangue. 'I've gone out and …

pattern
1. Anything proposed for imitation; an archetype; an exemplar; that which is to be, or is worthy to be, copied or imitated; as, a pattern of a machine. 'I will be the pattern of all patience.' (Shak) ... 2. A part showing the figure or quality of the whole; a specimen; a sample; an example; an instance. 'He compares the pattern with the whole piece. …

pattern formation
<cell biology> One of the classic problems in developmental biology is the way in which complex patterns are formed from an apparently uniform field of cells. ... Various hypotheses have been put forward and there is now evidence for the existence of gradients of diffusible substances (morphogens) specifying the differentiative pathway that sh …

pattern recognition
In information retrieval, machine-sensing or identification of visible patterns (shapes, forms, and configurations). (harrod's librarians' glossary, 7th ed) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pattern recognition, visual
Visually perceived characters, shapes, displays, or designs. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pattern sensitive epilepsy
A form of reflex epilepsy precipitated by viewing certain patterns. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

patulin
<chemical> 4-hydroxy-4h-furo(3,2-c)pyran-2(6h)-one. A mycotoxin produced by several species of aspergillus and penicillium. It is found in unfermented apple and grape juice and field crops. It has antibiotic properties and has been shown to be carcinogenic and mutagenic and causes chromosome damage in biological systems. ... Pharmacological ac …

patulous
Synonym: patent. ... Origin: L. Patulus, fr. Pateo, to lie open ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paucibacillary
Made up of, or denoting the presence of, few bacilli. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paucisynaptic
Synonym: oligosynaptic. ... Origin: L. Paucus, few, + synapse ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Paul-Bunnell test
Test for detection of heterophil antibodies in infectious mononucleosis. ... See: Forssman antigen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Paul, Gustav
<person> Austrian physician, 1859-1935. ... See: Paul's reaction, Paul's test, Paul-Bunnell test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Paul's reaction
Pus is rubbed into a scarification on a rabbit's eye; if the pus is from a variolous or vaccinal pustule a condition of epitheliosis develops in from 36 to 48 hours; the sputum of a smallpox patient is said to cause the same reaction. ... Synonym: Paul's test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Paul's test
Synonym for Paul's reaction ... Pus is rubbed into a scarification on a rabbit's eye; if the pus is from a variolous or vaccinal pustule a condition of epitheliosis develops in from 36 to 48 hours; the sputum of a smallpox patient is said to cause the same reaction. ... Synonym: Paul's test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pauli, Wolfgang
<person> Austrian-U.S. Physicist and Nobel laureate, 1900-1958. ... See: Pauli's exclusion principle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pauli's exclusion principle
The theory limiting the number of electrons in the orbit or shell of an atom; that it is not possible for any two electrons to have all four quantum numbers identical. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pauling-Corey helix
Synonym for a helix ... The helical (commonly right-handed) form present in many proteins, deduced by Pauling and Corey from X-ray diffraction studies of proteins such as alpha-keratin; the helix is stabilised by hydrogen bonds between, e.g., ==C==O and HN== groups (symbolised by the centre dot in ==CO-HN==) of different eupeptide bonds. In a true a …

Pauling, Linus
<person> U.S. Chemist and Nobel laureate, 1901$ndash;1994. ... See: Pauling's theory, Pauling-Corey helix. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pauling's theory
Synonym for hydrate microcrystal theory of anaesthesia ... A theory of narcosis pertaining to nonhydrogen-bonding agents; postulates the interaction of the molecules of the anaesthetic drug with water molecules in the brain. ... Synonym: Pauling's theory. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...