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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

partition
1. The act of parting or dividing; the state of being parted; separation; division; distribution; as, the partition of a kingdom. 'And good from bad find no partition.' (Shak) ... 2. That which divides or separates; that by which different things, or distinct parts of the same thing, are separated; separating boundary; dividing line or space; specif …

partition chromatography
The separation of similar substances by repeated divisions between two immiscible liquids, so that the substances, in effect, cross the partition between the liquids in opposite directions; where one of the liquids is bound as a film on filter paper, the process is termed paper partition chromatography or paper chromatography. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

partition coefficient
<chemistry> Equilibrium constant for the partitioning of a molecule between hydrophobic (oil) and hydrophilic (water) phases. ... A measure of the affinity of the molecule for hydrophobic environments and thus, for example: a rough guide to the ease with which a molecule will cross the plasma membrane. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

partnership
1. The state or condition of being a partner; as, to be in partnership with another; to have partnership in the fortunes of a family or a state. ... 2. A division or sharing among partners; joint possession or interest. 'Rome, that ne'er knew three lordly heads before, First fell by fatal partnership of power.' (Rowe) 'He does possession keep, And i …

partnership practice
A voluntary contract between two or more doctors who may or may not share responsibility for the care of patients, with proportional sharing of profits and losses. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

partnership practice, dental
A voluntary contract between two or more dentists who may or may not share responsibility for the care of patients, with proportional sharing of profits and losses. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

partridge
<zoology> ... 1. Any one of numerous species of small gallinaceous birds of the genus Perdix and several related genera of the family Perdicidae, of the Old World. The partridge is noted as a game bird. 'Full many a fat partrich had he in mew.' (Chaucer) ... The common European, or gray, partridge (Perdix cinerea) and the red-legged partridge ( …

parts of human body
The head, neck, trunk, and limbs. ... Synonym: partes corporis humani. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parturient canal
Synonym for birth canal ... Cavity of the uterus and vagina through which the foetus passes. ... Synonym: parturient canal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parturient paralysis
Synonym for milk fever ... A slight elevation of temperature following childbirth, said to be due to the establishment of the secretion of milk, but probably the same as absorption fever, an afebrile metabolic disease, occurring shortly after parturition in dairy cattle, characterised by hypocalcaemia and manifested by loss of consciousness and gene …

parturient paresis
A disease of pregnant and lactating cows and ewes leading to generalised paresis and death. The disease, which is characterised by hypocalcaemia, occurs at or shortly after parturition in cows and within weeks before or after parturition in ewes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parturiometer
Device for determining the force of the uterine contractions in childbirth. ... Origin: L. Parturitio, parturition, + G. Metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parturition
<obstetrics> The act or process of given birth to a child. ... Origin: L. Parturitio ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

parulis
Synonym: gingival abscess. ... Origin: G. Paroulis, gumboil, fr. Para, beside, + oulon, gum ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paruresis
Inhibited urination, especially in the presence of strangers. ... Origin: para-+ G. Ouresis, urination ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parvalbumin
<protein> Calcium binding protein (12 kD), found in teleost and amphibian muscle, with sequence homology to calmodulin but only two EF hand calcium-binding sites. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

parvalbumins
Low molecular weight, calcium binding muscle proteins. Their physiological function is possibly related to the contractile process. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parvilocular cyst
A tumour composed of multiple small cyst's. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Parvobacteriaceae
A family name regarded as a former name for the bacterial family Brucellaceae. No type genus has ever been proposed for the family Parvobacteriaceae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parvocellular
Relating to or composed of cells of small size. ... Origin: L. Parvus, small, + Mod. L. Cellularis, cellular ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Parvoviridae
<virology> Class II viruses. The genome of these simple viruses is single stranded DNA and they have an icosahedral nucleocapsid. The autonomous parvoviruses have a negative strand DNA and include viruses of vertebrates and arthropods. The defective Adeno associated viruses cannot replicate in the absence of helper adenoviruses and have both …

parvoviridae infections
Virus infections caused by the parvoviridae. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parvovirinae
A subfamily of DNA vertebrate viruses, in the family parvoviridae. There are three genera: parvovirus, erythrovirus, and dependovirus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parvovirus
A genus of the family parvoviridae, subfamily parvovirinae, infecting a variety of vertebrates including humans. Parvoviruses are responsible for a number of important diseases but also can be non-pathogenic in certain hosts. The type species is mice minute virus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Parvovirus B 19
A small 20 mm single stranded DNA virus belonging to the family Parvoviridae that is associated with erythema infectiosum (fifth disese) and aplastic crisis in patients with haemolytic anaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parvovirus b19, human
The sole species of erythrovirus and the aetiological agent of erythema infectiosum, a disease most commonly seen in school-age children. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parvovirus, canine
A species host range variant (subspecies) of feline parvovirus (parvovirus, feline) of the genus parvovirus. It causes a highly infectious fulminating enteritis in dogs producing high mortality. It is distinct from minute virus of canines, another parvovirus which is sometimes also called canine parvovirus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parvovirus, feline
A species of parvovirus chiefly affecting young cats in endemic areas, but all felines are susceptible, even lions and tigers. It also affects mink and raccoons. Host range variants (called subspecies by some authors) include feline panleukopenia virus, mink enteritis virus, canine parvovirus (parvovirus, canine), and raccoon parvovirus. ... (12 Dec …

parvule
A very small pill. ... Origin: L. Parvulus, very small, fr. Parvus, small ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parvus
Small. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

PAS
<abbreviation> P-aminosalicylic acid; periodic acid-Schiff stain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

PAS gene
<genetics, molecular biology> Genes essential for the biogenesis and proliferation of peroxisomes in yeast (s. Cerevisiae). PAS1 codes for a rather hydrophilic 117 kD protein with two ATP binding sites and similarity with some ATPases, PAS2 codes for a 183 residue polypeptide that seems to be a member of the ubiquitin conjugating protein fami …

PAS stain
Synonym for periodic acid Schiff stain ... <technique> A histochemical technique based on periodic acid oxidation of a substance containing the 1,2-glycol grouping. ... It is used for staining carbohydrates as the resulting dialdehyde reacts with Schiff reagent to form a coloured product. ... Substances that can be demonstrated include carbohydr …

PASA
<abbreviation> P-aminosalicylic acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pascal
<chemistry> The SI unit of pressure, equal to newtons per meter squared. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

Pascal, Blaise
<person> French scientist, 1623-1662. ... See: pascal, Pascal's law. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pascal's law
Fluids at rest transmit pressure equally in every direction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pascheff, Constantin
<person> Bulgarian ophthalmologist, 1873-1961. ... See: Pascheff's conjunctivitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pascheff's conjunctivitis
Synonym for necrotic infectious conjunctivitis ... A unilateral, suppurative, necrotic inflammation of the conjunctiva characterised by scattered, elevated white spots in the fornices and palpebral conjunctiva, and ipsilateral swelling of preauricular, parotid, and submaxillary lymph glands. ... Synonym: Pascheff's conjunctivitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) …

Paschen bodies
Particles of virus observed in relatively large numbers in squamous cells of the skin (or the cornea of experimental animals) in variola (smallpox) or vaccinia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Paschen, Enrique
<person> German pathologist, 1860-1936. ... See: Paschen bodies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pasin
<molecular biology> Proteins of unknown function bound, on the cytoplasmic face, to the Na, K ATPase. Two pasins have been identified, pasin 1-77 kD) and pasin 2 (73 kD). The name is derived from ATPase associated. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Pasini, Augustine
<person> 20th century Argentinian dermatologist. ... See: atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pasiniazide
Isoniazid 4-aminosalicylate;an antituberculostatic agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paspalism
Poisoning by seeds of a species of grass, Paspalum scrobiculatum. ... Origin: G. Paspalos, a kind of millet, fr. Pas, all, + pale, meal ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pasquin
A lampooner; also, a lampoon. See Pasquinade. 'The Grecian wits, who satire first began, Were pleasant pasquins on the life of man.' (Dryden) ... Origin: It. Pasquino a mutilated statue at Rome, set up against the wall of the place of the Orsini; so called from a witty cobbler or tailor, near whose shop the statue was dug up. On this statue it was c …

pass
1. An opening, road, or track, available for passing; especially, one through or over some dangerous or otherwise impracticable barrier; a passageway; a defile; a ford; as, a mountain pass. ''Try not the pass!' the old man said.' (Longfellow) ... 2. A thrust or push; an attempt to stab or strike an adversary. ... 3. A movement of the hand over or alo …

passage
1. An evacuation of the bowels. ... 2. <procedure> The introduction of a catheter, probe, sound or bougie through a natural channel such as the urethra. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Passalurus ambiguus
The rabbit pinworm, an oxyurid nematode found abundantly in the caecum and large intestine of rabbits. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Passavant, Philippas
<person> German physician, 1815-1893. ... See: Passavant's bar, Passavant's cushion, Passavant's pad, Passavant's ridge. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Passavant's bar
Synonym for Passavant's cushion ... A prominence on the posterior wall of the naso-pharynx formed by contraction of the superior constrictor of the pharynx during swallowing. ... Synonym: Passavant's bar, Passavant's pad, Passavant's ridge. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Passavant's cushion
A prominence on the posterior wall of the naso-pharynx formed by contraction of the superior constrictor of the pharynx during swallowing. ... Synonym: Passavant's bar, Passavant's pad, Passavant's ridge. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Passavant's pad
Synonym for Passavant's cushion ... A prominence on the posterior wall of the naso-pharynx formed by contraction of the superior constrictor of the pharynx during swallowing. ... Synonym: Passavant's bar, Passavant's pad, Passavant's ridge. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Passavant's ridge
Synonym for Passavant's cushion ... A prominence on the posterior wall of the naso-pharynx formed by contraction of the superior constrictor of the pharynx during swallowing. ... Synonym: Passavant's bar, Passavant's pad, Passavant's ridge. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passenger
1. A passer or passer-by; a wayfarer. ... 2. A traveler by some established conveyance, as a coach, steamboat, railroad train, etc. ... <zoology> Passenger falcon, the common wild pigeon of North America (Ectopistes migratorius), so called on account of its extensive migrations. ... Origin: OE. & F. Passager. See Passage, and cf. Messenger.< …

Passey, R
<person> 20th century British pathologist. ... See: Harding-Passey melanoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passion
1. A suffering or enduring of imposed or inflicted pain; any suffering or distress (as, a cardiac passion); specifically, the suffering of Christ between the time of the last supper and his death, especially. In the garden upon the cross. 'The passions of this time.' 'To whom also he showed himself alive after his passion, by many infallible proofs …

passional attitudes
Attitudes expressive of any of the great passions; e.g., anger, lust. ... Synonym: emotional attitudes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passive
Neither spontaneous nor active, not produced by active efforts. ... Origin: L. Passivus ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

passive agglutination
Agglutination of particles that have been coated with soluble antigen, by antiserum specific for the adsorbed antigen. ... Synonym: indirect agglutination. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passive anaphylaxis
A reaction resulting from inoculation of antigen in an animal previously inoculated intravenously with specific antiserum from another animal, a latent period being required between the two inoculations. ... Synonym: antiserum anaphylaxis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passive atelectasis
The pulmonary collapse that occurs due to a space-occupying intrathoracic process such as pneumothorax or hydrothorax. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passive clot
A clot formed in an aneurysmal sac consequent to the cessation or slowing of circulation through the aneurysm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passive congestion
Congestion caused by obstruction or slowing of the venous drainage, resulting in partial stagnation of blood in the capillaries and venules. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passive cutaneous anaphylaxis
An evanescent cutaneous reaction occurring when antibody is injected into a local area on the skin and antigen is subsequently injected intravenously along with a dye. The dye makes the rapidly occurring capillary dilatation and increased vascular permeability readily visible by leakage into the reaction site. Pca is a sensitive reaction for detect …

passive cutaneous anaphylaxis test
An animal is injected intradermally with antibody (usually IgE) and subsequently challenged intravenously with a mixture of antigen and Evans blue dye 24-48 hours later. A dark blue area indicates a positive reaction due to the leakage of the dye at the site of antigen-antibody reactions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passive diffusion
See: facilitated transport. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passive duction
Synonym for forced duction ... A manoeuver to determine whether a mechanical obstruction is present in the eye; with forceps grasping an eye muscle, an attempt is made to passively move the eyeball in the direction of restricted rotation. ... Synonym: passive duction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passive eruption
The apparent continued eruption of the teeth, actually the result of regression of the gingivae and crestal bone. ... Polymorphous light eruption, a common pruritic papular eruption appearing in a few hours and lasting up to several days on skin exposed to shortwave ultraviolet light; subepidermal oedema and deep perivascular lymphocytic infiltratio …

passive haemagglutination
A kind of passive agglutination in which erythrocytes, usually modified by mild treatment with tannic acid or other chemicals, are used to adsorb soluble antigen onto their surface, and which then agglutinate in the presence of antiserum specific for the adsorbed antigen. ... Synonym: indirect haemagglutination test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passive hyperaemia
Hyperaemia due to an obstruction in the flow of blood from the affected part, the venous radicles becoming distended. ... Synonym: venous hyperaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passive immunity
<immunology> Immunity acquired by the transfer from another animal of antibody or sensitised lymphocytes. Passive transfer of antibody from mother to offspring is important for immune defense during the perinatal period. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

passive immunization
The production of passive immunity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passive immunotherapy
<immunology> A process in which individuals with advanced disease (who have low levels of HIV antibody production) are infused with plasma rich in HIV antibodies or an immunoglobulin concentrate (HIV Ig) from such plasma. The plasma is obtained from asymptomatic HIV-positive individuals with high levels of HIV antibodies. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

passive incontinence
Dribbling of urine by reason of inability of the bladder to empty itself and of consequent overdistention. ... See: overflow incontinence. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passive learning
Synonym for incidental learning ... Learning without a direct attempt. ... Synonym: passive learning. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passive length-tension curve
The relationship between passive tension and preload (rest length) for a muscle at rest. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passive medium
A medium that produces no change in the specimens placed in it. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passive movement
Movement imparted to an organism or any of its parts by external agency; movement of any joint effected by the hand of another person, or by mechanical means, without participation of the subject himself. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passive prophylaxis
Use of an antiserum from another person or animal to provide temporary (a week to 10 days) protection against a specific infectious or toxic agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passive transference
The passage of an immunity or allergic susceptibility by the injection of serum of an animal or individual who has acquired an active immunity to the disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passive transport
<biochemistry, physiology> The movement of a substance, usually across a plasma membrane, by a mechanism that does not require metabolic energy. ... See: active transport, transport protein, facilitated diffusion, ion channels. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

passive tremor
Synonym for resting tremor ... A coarse, rhythmic tremor, 3-5 Hz frequency, usually confined to hands and forearms, that appears when the limbs are relaxed, and disappears with active limb movements; characteristic of Parkinson disease. ... Synonym: passive tremor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passive vasoconstriction
Reduced caliber of a vessel caused by decreased intraluminal pressure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passive vasodilation
Vasodilation related to increased pressure in lumen of a vessel. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passive-aggressive behaviour
Apparently compliant behaviour, with intrinsic obstructive or stubborn qualities, to cover deeply felt aggressive feelings that cannot be more directly expressed. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passive-aggressive personality
A personality disorder in which aggressive feelings are manifested in passive ways, especially through mild obstructionism and stubbornness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passivism
1. An attitude of submission. ... 2. A sexual practice in which the subject is submissive to the will of the partner in behaviour that usually requires the consent of both participants (e.g., anal intercourse). ... See: pathic. ... Origin: see passive ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

passivity
1. Passiveness; opposed to activity. ... 2. <physics> The tendency of a body to remain in a given state, either of motion or rest, till disturbed by another body; inertia. ... 3. <chemistry> The quality or condition of any substance which has no inclination to chemical activity; inactivity. ... Origin: Cf. F. Passivite. ... Source: Websters …

passover
A feast of the Jews, instituted to commemorate the sparing of the Hebrews in Egypt, when God, smiting the firstborn of the Egyptians, passed over the houses of the Israelites which were marked with the blood of a lamb. ... The sacrifice offered at the feast of the passover; the paschal lamb. ... Origin: Pass + over. See Pasch. ... Source: Websters Dic …

past-pointing
A test of the integrity of the vestibular apparatus of the ear and of cerebellar function: the patient, seated in a revolving chair, is rotated to the right ten times with eyes closed; then with the arm held horizontal, the right index finger is brought in touch with the tip of the examiner's finger; the arm is then raised vertically and the patien …

paste
1. A soft composition, as of flour moistened with water or milk, or of earth moistened to the consistence of dough, as in making potter's ware. ... 2. Specifically, in cookery, a dough prepared for the crust of pies and the like; pastry dough. ... 3. A kind of cement made of flour and water, starch and water, or the like, used for uniting paper or ot …

pastel
1. A crayon made of a paste composed of a colour ground with gum water. [Sometimes incorrectly written pastil] 'Charming heads in pastel.' ... 2. <botany> A plant affording a blue dye; the woad (Isatis tinctoria); also, the dye itself. 3. A drawing using pastel, or of a pastel shade. 4. The art or process of drawing with pastels. 5. Any of var …

paster
The segment forming the part for near vision in two-piece bifocal lenses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pastern
The part of the leg of a horse and similar animals that lies between the fetlock joint and the hoof. ... Origin: O. Fr. Pasturon, pasture; because the shackle of a horse out at pasture is attached to this part of the leg ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pasteur
Louis, French chemist and bacteriologist. ... Lived: 1822-1895. ... See: Pasteur vaccine, Pasteur's effect, Pasteur pipette. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pasteur effect
<biochemistry> Decrease in the rate of carbohydrate breakdown that occurs in yeast and other cells when switched from anaerobic to aerobic conditions. Results from a relatively slow flux of material through the biochemical pathways of respiration compared with those of fermentation. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Pasteur pipette
A cotton-plugged, glass tube drawn out to a fine tip, used for the sterile transfer of small volumes of fluid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pasteur vaccine
Synonym for rabies vaccine ... An inactivated virus vaccine, used for preexposure immunization to persons at high risk of exposure, e.g., veterinarians, and in conjunction with rabies immunoglobulin, for postexposure prophylaxis. The official preparation is human diploid cell vaccine produced from rabies virus grown in cultures of human diploid embr …

Pasteur, Louis
<person> A French chemist and biologist who founded the field of bacteriology and developed the germ theory. He also invented pasteurisation and created the first vaccines against anthrax and rabies. ... Lived: 1822-1895. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...