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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

paraproteinaemias
A group of related diseases characterised by an unbalanced or disproportionate proliferation of immunoglobulin-producing cells, usually from a single clone. These cells frequently secrete a structurally homogeneous immunoglobulin (m-component) and/or an abnormal immunoglobulin. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

paraproteins
Abnormal immunoglobulins synthesised by atypical cells of the reticuloendothelial system. Paraproteins containing only light chains lead to bence jones paraproteinaemia, while the presence of only atypical heavy chains leads to heavy chain disease. most of the paraproteins show themselves as an m-component (monoclonal gammopathy) in electrophoresis …

parapsia
Synonym: paraphia. ... Origin: para-+ G. Hapsis, touch ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parapsoriasis
The term applied to a group of relatively uncommon inflammatory, maculopapular, scaly eruptions of unknown aetiology and resistant to conventional treatment. Eruptions are both psoriatic and lichenoid in appearance, but the diseases are distinct from psoriasis, lichen planus, or other recognised dermatoses. Proposed nomenclature divides parapsorias …

parapsoriasis guttata
Synonym for pityriasis lichenoides ... A subgroup of parapsoriasis itself divided into acute and chronic forms. The acute form is characterised by the abrupt onset of a generalised, reddish-brown, maculopapular eruption. Lesions may be vesicular, haemorrhagic, crusted, or necrotic. Histologically the disease is characterised by epidermal necrolysis. …

parapsoriasis lichenoides
Synonym for poikiloderma atrophicans vasculare ... A rare condition that simulates chronic radiodermatitis in appearance; may eventuate as mycosis fungoides. ... Synonym: parakeratosis variegata, parapsoriasis lichenoides. ... Poikiloderma of Civatte, reticulated pigmentation and telangiectasia of the sides of the cheeks and neck; common in middle-age …

parapsoriasis varioliformis
pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta ...

parapsychology
Branch of psychology that deals with paranormal behaviour and events such as telepathy, precognition, and clairvoyance, which are not explicable by present day 'natural laws'. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

paraquat
<chemical> The common name of the herbicide and defoliant 1,1-dimethyl-4, 4-dipyridylium. ... It is a yellow, water-soluble solid that kills all types of plants. It is quickly broken down by microbes in the soil, but is lethal if ingested. Contact with the skin causes irritation, cracking of the nails, and poor healing of wounds. ... (09 Oct 19 …

paraquat lung
Paraquat, a weed killer, selectively accumulates in the lungs and is highly toxic. Once X-ray changes from paraquat are evident in the lungs, death is virtually certain. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pararama
Painful or crippling disease of the fingers, first described in Brazilian rubber workers, produced by accidental contact with setae of the larva of the moth, Premolis semirufa; immediate pruritus, hyperaemia, and local oedema may be followed by chronic swelling and immobility that may lead to loss of one or more fingers, presenting a clinical pictu …

pararectal
Near the rectum or rectus muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pararectal fossa
A peritoneal depression on either side of the rectum formed by peritoneal (sacrogenital) folds passing from the posterolateral pelvic wall to the central pelvic viscera. The fossa is a lateral extension of the male rectovesical pouch or the female rectouterine pouch. ... Synonym: pararectal pouch. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pararectal lymph nodes
Nodes located on either side of the rectum; they send efferents to the middle rectal and superior rectal nodes. ... Synonym: nodi lymphatici pararectales, nodi lymphatici anorectales, anorectal lymph nodes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pararectal pouch
Synonym for pararectal fossa ... A peritoneal depression on either side of the rectum formed by peritoneal (sacrogenital) folds passing from the posterolateral pelvic wall to the central pelvic viscera. The fossa is a lateral extension of the male rectovesical pouch or the female rectouterine pouch. ... Synonym: pararectal pouch. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parareflexia
A condition characterised by abnormal reflexes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pararenal
Near or adjacent to the kidneys. ... Synonym: paranephric. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pararhotacism
Substitution of another sound for that of r. ... See: rhotacism. ... Origin: para-+ G. Rho, letter r ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pararosanilin
A tri(aminophenyl)methane hydrochloride;an important red biologic stain used in Schiff's reagent to detect cellular DNA (Feulgen stain), mucopolysaccharides (PAS stain), and proteins (ninhydrin-Schiff stain). ... Synonym: parafuchsin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pararrhythmia
A cardiac dysrhythmia in which two independent rhythms coexist, but not as a result of A-V block; pararrhythmia thus includes parasystole and A-V dissociation, but not complete A-V block. ... Origin: para-+ G. Rhythmos, rhythm ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasaccular hernia
Synonym for sliding hernia ... A hernia in which an abdominal viscus forms part of the sac. ... Synonym: extrasaccular hernia, parasaccular hernia, slipped hernia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasacral
Alongside the sacrum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasagittal plane
Any plane parallel to the mid-sagittal plane or anteroposterior median plane. ... See: sagittal plane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasagittal section
Synonym for sagittal section ... A cross section obtained by slicing, actually or through imaging techniques, the body or any part of the body, or any anatomic structure in the sagittal plane, i.e., in a vertical plane parallels to the median plane. Since actual sectioning in the sagittal plane results in a right and a left portion, an anatomical sa …

parasalpingitis
Inflammation of the tissues surrounding the fallopian or the eustachian tube. ... Origin: para-+ salpinx + G. -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Parascaris equorum
A large heavy-bodied ascarid nematode extremely common in the small intestine of horses and other equids. Larvae may develop in man or mice, but do not reach the adult stage. ... Synonym: Ascaris equorum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parascarlatina
Synonym for Filatov Dukes' disease ... <disease> An exanthem-producing infectious disease of childhood of unknown aetiology. ... Synonym: Filatov's disease, fourth disease, parascarlatina, scarlatinella, scarlatinoid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasecretion
An obsolete term for abnormal secretion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasegment
<biology> In development of Drosophila, the genetic boundaries between developing segments are thought to lie along the middle of each visible segment. To distinguish them from the segments in everyday use, these compartments are called parasegments. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

paraseptal cartilage
Synonym for cartilago vomeronasalis ... A narrow strip of cartilage located between the lower edge of the cartilage of the nasal septum and the vomer. ... Synonym: Jacobson's cartilage, paraseptal cartilage, vomer cartilagineus, vomerine cartilage, vomeronasal cartilage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paraseptal emphysema
Emphysema involving the periphery of the pulmonary lobules. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasexuality
Abnormal or perverted sexuality. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasigmatism
Synonym: lisping. ... Origin: para-+ G. Sigma, the letter s ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasinoidal
Near a sinus, particularly a cerebral sinus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasinoidal sinuses
Synonym for lateral venous lacunae ... Lateral expansions of the superior sagittal sinus of the dura mater, often increasing in width with advancing age until, in the very old, they may extend two centimeters lateral to the midline; the endothelium-lined lumen of the lacunae are usually reduced to a spongelike labyrinth by numerous arachnoid granula …

parasite
<biology> An organism which obtains food and shelter from another organism (for example Giardia). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

parasite-host ecosystem
Synonym for parasitocenose ... Complex of all parasite species and individuals associated with a specific host. ... Synonym: parasite-host ecosystem. ... Origin: parasite + G. Koinos, common, together ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasitemia
The presence of parasites (especially malarial parasites) in the blood. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parasitic
<biology> Pertaining to, of the nature of or caused by a parasite. ... Origin: Gr. Parasitikos ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

parasitic chylocele
Synonym for elephantiasis scroti ... Brawny swelling of the scrotum as a result of chronic lymphatic obstruction. ... Synonym: chyloderma, lymph scrotum, parasitic chylocele. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasitic cyst
A cyst formed by the larva of a metazoan parasite, such as a hydatid or trichinal cyst. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasitic disease
A disease due to the presence and vital activity of a parasite, or as a reaction to a parasite. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasitic diseases
Infections or infestations with parasitic organisms. They are often contracted through contact with an intermediate vector, but may occur as the result of direct exposure. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parasitic diseases, animal
Infections or infestations with parasitic organisms. The infestation may be experimental or veterinary. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parasitic eosinophilic lung disease
<radiology> All are metazoans (mostly nematodes), Ascaris, Strongyloides, Ancyclostoma, Schistosoma, tropical pulmonary eosinophilia, pulmonary larva migrans ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parasitic granuloma
Cutaneous leishmaniasis manifested as warty papules affecting primarily the lower limbs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasitic haemoptysis
The clinical expression of paragonimiasis, marked by a cough and spitting of blood from the lungs. ... Synonym: endemic haemoptysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasitic infection
<microbiology> A successful invasion of a host by an organism that uses the host for food and shelter. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

parasitic leiomyoma
<tumour> A uterine leiomyoma which has become detached from the uterus and adherent to another peritoneal surface from which it derives a blood supply. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasitic melanoderma
Excoriations and melanoderma caused by scratching the bites of the body louse, Pediculus corporis. ... Synonym: Greenhow's disease, vagabond's disease, vagrant's disease. ... Racial melanoderma, the normally dark skin of blacks and certain other races. ... Senile melanoderma, cutaneous pigmentation occurring in the aged. ... Synonym: melasma universale …

parasitic otitis
Synonym for otoacariasis ... An infestation of the auditory canal of cats, dogs, foxes, and other animals by auricular mites, chiefly Otodectes cynotis, which infest the ears and cause considerable discomfort and tenderness; in extreme cases, they cause symptoms such as loss of appetite, wasting, and fits. ... See: otodectic mange. ... Synonym: parasi …

parasitic thyroiditis
Chronic South American trypanosomiasis with involvement of the thyroid gland, causing myxoedema. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasitical
1. Of the nature of a parasite; fawning for food or favors; sycophantic. 'Parasitic preachers.' ... 2. <botany> Of or pertaining to parasites; living on, or deriving nourishment from, some other living animal or plant. See Parasite, 2 & 3. Parasitic gull, Parasitic jager. ... <zoology> See Jager. Parasit'ically, Parasit'icalness. ... O …

parasiticidal
Destructive to parasites. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasiticide
An agent that destroys parasites. ... Origin: parasite + L. Caedo, to kill ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasitise
To invade as a parasite. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasitism
<biology, microbiology> A type of symbiosis where two (or more) organisms from different species live in close proximity to one another, in which one member depends on another for its nutrients, protection, and/or other life functions. ... The dependent member (the parasite) benefits from the relationship while the other one (the host) is harm …

parasitocenose
Complex of all parasite species and individuals associated with a specific host. ... Synonym: parasite-host ecosystem. ... Origin: parasite + G. Koinos, common, together ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasitogenesis
The evolution of relationships between parasite and host. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasitogenic
1. Caused by certain parasites. ... 2. Favouring parasitism. ... Origin: parasite + G. -gen, producing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasitoid
Denoting a feeding relationship intermediate between predation and parasitism, in which the parasitoid eventually destroys its host; refers especially to parasitic wasps (order Hymenoptera) whose larvae feed on and finally destroy a grub or other arthropod host stung by the mother wasp prior to laying its egg(s) on the host. ... Origin: parasite + G …

parasitologist
One who specialises in the science of parasitology. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasitology
The branch of biology and of medicine concerned with all aspects of parasitism. ... Origin: parasite + G. Logos, study ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasitome
The total mass or number of individuals of all developmental stages of a single parasite species in one host. ... Origin: parasite + -ome (fr. G. -oma), group, mass ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasitophobia
<psychology> Morbid fear of parasites. ... Origin: parasite + G. Phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasitophorous vacuole
A vacuole formed by layers of endoplasmic reticulum around an intracellular parasite which may serve to isolate the parasite and enclose it for lysozymal attack. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasitosis
Infestation or infection with parasites. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasitotropic
Pertaining to or characterised by parasitotropism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasitotropism
The special affinity of particular drugs or other agents for parasites rather than for their hosts, including microparasites that infect a larger parasite. ... Compare: organotropism. ... Synonym: parasitotropy. ... Origin: parasite + G. Trope, a turning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasitotropy
Synonym for parasitotropism ... The special affinity of particular drugs or other agents for parasites rather than for their hosts, including microparasites that infect a larger parasite. ... Compare: organotropism. ... Synonym: parasitotropy. ... Origin: parasite + G. Trope, a turning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasol insertion
Synonym for velamentous insertion ... A form of insertion of the foetal blood vessels into the placenta, in which the vessels separate before reaching the placenta and develop toward it in a fold of amnion, somewhat like the ribs of an open parasol. ... Synonym: parasol insertion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasomnia
Any dysfunction associated with sleep, e.g., somnabulism, pavor nocturnus, enureseis, or nocturnal seizures. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paraspinal line
Radiographic image of the interface between the lung and paravertebral soft tissues. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parastasis
A reciprocal relationship among causal mechanisms that can compensate for, or mask defects in, each other; in genetics, a relationship between non-alleles (classified by some as a form of epistasis). ... Origin: G. Standing shoulder to shoulder ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasternal
Alongside the sternum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasternal hernia
Synonym for Morgagni's foramen ... foramen caecum of tongue ...

parasternal line
A vertical line equidistant from the sternal and midclavicular lines. ... Synonym: linea parasternalis, costoclavicular line. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasternal lymph nodes
A number of small nodes that lie along the course of the internal thoracic vessels; lymph enters these nodes from the anterior intercostal spaces, pericardium, diaphragm, liver and medial mammary gland; the efferent vessels pass upward to join the bronchomediastinal trunk of the same side. ... Synonym: nodi lymphatici parasternales. ... (05 Mar 2000) …

parastriate area
Synonym for visual cortex ... Area of the occipital lobe concerned with vision. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parastriate cortex
See: visual cortex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Parastrongylus
Synonym for angiostrongylus ... A genus of parasitic nematodes of the superfamily metastrongyloidea. Two species, angiostrongylus cantonensis and a. Vasorum, infest the lungs of rats and dogs, respectively. A. Cantonensis is transmissible to man where it causes frequently fatal infection of the central nervous system. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parastruma
An obsolete term for a goitrous tumefaction resulting from enlargement of a parathyroid gland. ... Origin: para-+ L. Struma, a scrofulous tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasympathectomy
<procedure> The removal or interruption of some part of the parasympathetic nervous system for therapeutic or research purposes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parasympathetic
Pertaining to a division of the autonomic nervous system. ... See: autonomic nervous system. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasympathetic ganglia
Those ganglia of the autonomic nervous system composed of cholinergic neurons receiving afferent fibres from preganglionic visceral motor neurons in either the brainstem or the middle sacral spinal segments (S2 to S4); on the basis of their location with respect to the organs they innervate, most parasympathetic ganglia, at least outside the head, …

parasympathetic nerve
<anatomy, nerve> One of the nerve's of the parasympathetic nervous system. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasympathetic nervous system
<anatomy, neurology> One of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous sytem. ... Parasympathetic nerves emerge cranially as pre ganglionic fibres from oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus and from the sacral region of the spinal cord. ... most neurons are cholinergic and responses are mediated by muscarinic receptors. The …

parasympatholytic
Relating to an agent that annuls or antagonises the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system; e.g., atropine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasympatholytics
Agents that inhibit the actions of the parasympathetic nervous system. The major group of drugs used therapeutically for this purpose is the muscarinic antagonists. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parasympathomimetic
1. <pharmacology> Producing effects resembling those of stimulation of the parasympathetic nerve supply to a part. ... 2. An agent that produces effects similar to those produced by stimulation of the parasympathetic nerves, usually refers to drugs that mimic the effects of parasympathetic nervous system activity. ... Includes drugs that direct …

parasympathotonia
Synonym for vagotonia ... Hyperexcitability of the vagus nerve, a condition in which the vagus nerve dominates in the general functioning of the body organs. It is marked by vasomotor instability, constipation, sweating and involuntary motor spasms with pain. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

parasynapsis
Union of chromosomes side to side in the process of reduction. ... Origin: para-+ G. Synapsis, a connection, junction ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasynovitis
Inflammation of the tissues immediately adjacent to a joint. ... Origin: para-+ synovitis ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasyphilis
Any condition indirectly due to syphilis. ... Synonym: metasyphilis, parasyphilosis, quaternary syphilis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasyphilitic
Denoting certain diseases supposed to be indirectly due to syphilis but presenting none of the recognised lesions of that infection. ... Synonym: metaluetic. ... Synonym: metasyphilitic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasyphilosis
Synonym for parasyphilis ... Any condition indirectly due to syphilis. ... Synonym: metasyphilis, parasyphilosis, quaternary syphilis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parasystole
A cardiac arrhythmia caused by the interaction of two foci independently initiating cardiac impulses at different rates. Generally one of the foci is the sinoatrial node (the normal pacemaker) and the ectopic focus is usually in the ventricle, but can occur in the sinus and av nodes, atrium and ventricle, and av junction. Each focus - and thus each …

parasystolic beat
Synonym for parasystole ... A cardiac arrhythmia caused by the interaction of two foci independently initiating cardiac impulses at different rates. Generally one of the foci is the sinoatrial node (the normal pacemaker) and the ectopic focus is usually in the ventricle, but can occur in the sinus and av nodes, atrium and ventricle, and av junction. …

parataxia
Synonym for parataxis ... The psychological state or repository of attitudes, ideas, and experiences accumulated during personality development that are not effectively assimilated or integrated into the growing mass and residue of the other attitudes, ideas, and experiences of an individual's personality. ... Synonym: parataxia. ... Origin: para-+ G. …

parataxic
Pertaining to parataxis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...