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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

parinaud syndrome
<radiology> Paralysis of upward gaze, also known as: supranuclear palsy, compression of tectal (quadrigeminal) plate, by pineal mass ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Parinaud's conjunctivitis
A chronic necrotic inflammation of the conjunctiva characterised by large, irregular, reddish follicles and regional lymphadenopathy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome
<syndrome> Unilateral conjunctival granuloma with preauricular adenopathy in tularaemia, chancre, and tuberculosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Parinaud's ophthalmoplegia
Synonym for Parinaud's syndrome ... <syndrome> Paralysis of conjugate upward gaze with a lesion at the level of the superior colliculi; Bell's phenomenon is present. ... Synonym: Parinaud's ophthalmoplegia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Parinaud's syndrome
<syndrome> Paralysis of conjugate upward gaze with a lesion at the level of the superior colliculi; Bell's phenomenon is present. ... Synonym: Parinaud's ophthalmoplegia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paripinnate
<biology, plant biology> Having an even number of pinnae by virtue of having a pair in the terminal position. ... Compare: imparipinnate. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

paris
<botany> A plant common in Europe (Paris quadrifolia); herb Paris; truelove. It has been used as a narcotic. ... It much resembles the American genus Trillium, but has usually four leaves and a tetramerous flower. ... Origin: From Paris, the son of Priam. ... The chief city of France. Paris green. ... <chemistry> See Green, Paris white, pur …

Paris green
Cupric acetoarsenite, used as an insecticide and as a pigment. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Paris line
A unit of microscopic measurement as used in Kolliker's Mikroskopische Anatomie; it was equal to 0.0888138 of an inch. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Paris yellow
Synonym for chrome yellow ... A fine yellow powder used in paints and dyes. ... Synonym: lead chromate, Leipzig yellow, lemon yellow, Paris yellow. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parish
1. That circuit of ground committed to the charge of one parson or vicar, or other minister having cure of souls therein. The same district, constituting a civil jurisdiction, with its own officers and regulations, as respects the poor, taxes, etc. ... Populous and extensive parishes are now divided, under various parliamentary acts, into smaller ec …

park
1. A piece of ground inclosed, and stored with beasts of the chase, which a man may have by prescription, or the king's grant. ... 2. A tract of ground kept in its natural state, about or adjacent to a residence, as for the preservation of game, for walking, riding, or the like. 'While in the park I sing, the listening deer Attend my passion, and fo …

Park-Williams bacillus
A special strain of Corynebacterium diphtheriae used for toxin production. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Park-Williams fixative
A fixative for spirochetes, comprised of a 2% solution of osmic acid to the fumes of which the bacteria are exposed for a few seconds. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Park, Henry
<person> British surgeon, 1744-1831. ... See: Park's aneurysm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Park, William
<person> U.S. Bacteriologist, 1863-1939. ... See: Park-Williams bacillus, Park-Williams fixative. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Park's aneurysm
An arteriovenous aneurysm in which the brachial artery communicates with the brachial and median basilic veins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Parker-Kerr suture
A continuous inverting suture used to close an open end of intestine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Parker, Edward Mason
<person> U.S. Surgeon, 1860-1941. ... See: Parker-Kerr suture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parking facilities
Indoor or outdoor areas designated for the parking of vehicles. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parkinson disease
Progressive, degenerative disease of unknown aetiology characterised by rhythmic tremor of the limbs, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and masklike facial expression. Pathologically there is nerve cell loss in the melanin-containing cells in the brainstem and a corresponding reduction in dopamine levels in the corpus striatum. Lewy …

parkinson disease, postencephalitic
A form of parkinson disease due to degeneration of the corpus striatum or substantia nigra, frequently occurring as a sequel of lethargic encephalitis. The early age of onset, the rapid progression of symptoms and signs of stabilization, and the presence of a variety of other neurological disorders (sociopathic behaviour, tics, spasms, oculogyric c …

parkinson disease, symptomatic
Symptoms of parkinson disease induced by drugs, or following cerebral arteriosclerosis, brain tumour, or other central nervous system disorders except encephalitis, which is parkinson disease, postencephalitic. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Parkinson, James
<person> This English physician is chiefly remembered for his 66-page 'Essay on the Shaking Palsy' (first edition is valued at £10,000) which was published in 1817 and is a classic account of paralysis agitans (Parkinson's Disease). ... Parkinson explained that the intellect was uninjured, but motor power was decreased and the body was bent fo …

Parkinson, Sir John
<person> British cardiologist, *1885. ... See: Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Parkinson's disease
<neurology> A progressive, neurological disease first described in 1817 by James Parkinson. ... The pathology is not completely understood, but there appears to be consistent changes in the melanin-containing nerve cells in the brainstem (substantia nigra, locus coeruleus), where there are varying degrees of nerve cell loss with reactive glios …

Parkinson's facies
The expressionless or masklike facies characteristic of parkinsonism. ... Synonym: masklike face. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parkinsonian
Relating to or the suffering from parkinsonism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parkinsonism
<neurology> A group of neurological disorders characterised by hypokinesia, tremor and muscular rigidity. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Parnas, Jakob Karol
<person> Polish physiologic chemist, 1884-1955. ... See: Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paroccipital process
Synonym for paramastoid process ... An occasional process of bone extending downward from the jugular process of the occipital bone in humans. ... Synonym: processus paramastoideus, paroccipital process. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parodontitis
An obsolete term for periodontitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parodontium
Synonym: periodontal ligament. ... Origin: para-+ G. Odous, tooth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parodynia
Synonym: labour pains. ... Origin: L. Pario, to bear, + G. Odyne, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parole
In psychiatry, term for conditional release of a formally committed patient from a mental hospital prior to formal discharge, so that the patient may be returned to the hospital if necessary without fresh legal action. ... Origin: Fr., fr. L. Parabola, discourse, fr G. Parabole ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parolfactory
Associated with or related to the olfactory system. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parolfactory area
A small region of cerebral cortex on the medial surface of the frontal lobe, formed by the junction of the straight gyrus with the cingulate gyrus, demarcated from the subcallosal gyrus by the posterior parolfactory sulcus. ... Synonym: area parolfactoria, Broca's parolfactory area. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parolivary
By the side of or near the oliva. ... Origin: para-+ L. Oliva, olive ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paromomycin
<drug> An antibiotic in pill form used for the treatment of intestinal infections, cryptosporidiosis in particular. Possible side effects include stomach upset and diarrhoea. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

paromomycin sulfate
A broad spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces rimosus forma paromomycinus; used in the treatment of bacterial enteritis and amoebiasis, and for preoperative suppression of intestinal bacteria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paromphalocele
1. A tumour near the umbilicus. ... 2. A hernia through a defect in the abdominal wall near the umbilicus. ... Origin: para-+ G. Omphalos, umbilicus, + kele, tumour, hernia ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Parona
Francesco, 19th century Italian surgeon. ... See: Parona's space. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Parona's space
A space between the pronator quadratus deep and the overlying flexor tendons of the forearm which is continuous through the carpal tunnel with the medial central palmar space. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paroneiria
Paroniria ... Rarely used term for disagreeable or terrifying dreams. ... Origin: para-+ G. Oneiros, dream ... Paroneiria salax, rarely used term denoting restlessness in sleep, with lascivious dreams and nocturnal emissions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paronychia
<dermatology> Inflammation involving the folds of tissue surrounding the nail. ... Synonym: perionychia. ... Origin: Gr. Onyx = nail ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

paronychial
Relating to paronychia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paroophoritic cyst
A cyst arising from the paroopheron. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paroophoritis
Inflammation of tissues adjacent to the ovaries. ... Origin: paroophoron + G. -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paroquet
<zoology> Same as Parrakeet. ... <zoology> Alternative forms: paroket, parroquet, and perroquet] Paroquet auk or auklet, a small auk (Cyclorrhynchus psittaculus) inhabiting the coast and islands of Alaska. The upper parts are dark slate, under parts white, bill orange red. ... Synonym: perroquet auk. ... Origin: F. Perroquet, or Sp. Periqu …

paroral membrane
<biology> In ciliates the cilia in the region of the mouth may be fused into a paroral membrane. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

parorchidium
Synonym: testis ectopia. ... Origin: para-+ G. Orchis, testis ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parorexia
An abnormal or disordered appetite. ... Origin: para-+ G. Orexis, appetite ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parosmia
Any disorder of the sense of smell, especially subjective perception of nonexistent odours. ... Synonym: parosphresia. ... Origin: para + G. Osme, sense of smell ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parosphresia
Synonym: parosmia. ... Origin: para-+ G. Osphresis, smell ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parosteal fasciitis
A rare form of nodular fasciitis arising from the periosteum, and which may be associated with reactive cortical bone formation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parosteal osteosarcoma
<tumour> Low grade osteosarcoma arising on the surface of bone without involvement of the underlying marrow, usually occurring as a heavily ossified mass of the distal femur in women in the third and fourth decades of life. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parosteitis
Inflammation of the tissues immediately adjacent to a bone. ... Synonym: parostitis. ... Origin: para-+ G. Osteon, bone, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parosteosis
Parostosis ... 1. Development of bone in an unusual location, as in the skin. ... 2. Abnormal or defective ossification. ... Origin: para-+ G. Osteon, bone, + -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parostitis
Synonym for parosteitis ... Inflammation of the tissues immediately adjacent to a bone. ... Synonym: parostitis. ... Origin: para-+ G. Osteon, bone, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parotid
<anatomy> Situated near the ear; applied especially to the salivary gland near the ear. ... Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the parotid gland. ... <anatomy> Parotid gland, one of the salivary glands situated just in front of or below the ear. It is the largest of the salivary glands in man, and its duct opens into the interior of …

parotid abscess
Rapidly progressive suppuration in the parotid gland; a complication of parotitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parotid bed
The structures which surround and contact the parotid, forming the boundaries of the parotid space: anteriorly, the ramus of the mandible flanked by the masseter and medial pterygoid muscles; medially, the pharyngeal wall, carotid sheath and structures originating from the styloid process; posteriorly, the mastoid process, sternocleidomastoid muscl …

parotid branches
Branches to parotid gland; Nomina Anatomica lists parotid branches of 1) auriculotemporal nerve (rami parotidei nervi auriculotemporalis; 2) facial vein, rami parotidei venae facialis; 3) superficial temporal artery, ramus arteriae temporalis superficialis. ... Synonym: rami parotidei. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parotid duct
The duct of the parotid gland opening from the cheek into the vestibule of the mouth opposite the neck of the superior second molar tooth. ... Synonym: ductus parotideus, Blasius' duct, Stensen's duct, Steno's duct. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parotid fascia
The part of the investing cervical fascia that ensheaths the parotid gland and is fixed above to the zygomatic arch. ... Synonym: fascia parotidea, fibrous capsule of parotid gland, parotid sheath. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parotid gland
<anatomy> A salivary gland situated in front of and below the ear. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

parotid gland mass
<radiology> Pleomorphic adenoma, sialocele, adenoid cystic carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, lymphoma, lymph node, abscess, metastasis ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parotid notch
The space between the ramus of the mandible and the mastoid process of the temporal bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parotid papilla
The projection at the opening of the parotid duct into the vestibule of the mouth opposite the neck of the upper second molar tooth. ... Synonym: papilla parotidea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parotid recess
Synonym for parotid space ... A deep hollow on the side at the sides of the face flanking the posterior aspect of the ramus of the mandible with its attached muscles which is occupied by the parotid gland; it is lined with fascial laminae (the parotid sheath) derived from the investing layer of deep cervical fascia; the structures bounding the space …

parotid sheath
Synonym for parotid fascia ... The part of the investing cervical fascia that ensheaths the parotid gland and is fixed above to the zygomatic arch. ... Synonym: fascia parotidea, fibrous capsule of parotid gland, parotid sheath. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parotid space
A deep hollow on the side at the sides of the face flanking the posterior aspect of the ramus of the mandible with its attached muscles which is occupied by the parotid gland; it is lined with fascial laminae (the parotid sheath) derived from the investing layer of deep cervical fascia; the structures bounding the space collectively constitute the …

parotid veins
Branches draining part of the parotid gland and emptying into the retromandibular vein. ... Synonym: venae parotidea, posterior parotid veins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parotidectomy
<procedure> Surgical removal of the parotid gland. ... Origin: parotid + G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parotideomasseteric fascia
A dense membrane covering both the lateral and medial surfaces of the parotid gland, continuous anteriorly with the fascia covering the masseter muscle. ... See: parotid fascia, masseteric fascia. ... Synonym: fascia parotideomasseterica. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parotiditis
Inflammation of the parotid gland. ... Synonym: parotitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parotidoauricularis
1. An occasional band of muscle fibres passing from the surface of the parotid gland to the auricle. ... 2. Relating to the parotid gland and the external ear. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parotids
Salivary glands situated in front of the ears. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parotin
<chemical> Chemical name: Parotin ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parotitis
<pathology> Inflammation of the parotid gland. ... Synonym: parotiditis. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

parous
Pertaining to parity. ... Origin: L. Pario, to bear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parovarian
1. Relating to the paroophoron. ... 2. Beside or in the neighborhood of the ovary. ... Synonym: paraovarian. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parovarian cyst
A cyst of the epoophoron or parovarium, a vestigial structure associated with the ovary, consisting of a more cranial group of mesonephric tubules and a corresponding portion of the mesonephric duct. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parovariotomy
<procedure> Incision into or removal of a tumour of the parovarium. ... Origin: parovarium + G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parovaritis
Inflammation of the parovarium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paroxetine
<chemical> Trans-(-)-3-((1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)methyl)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperidine. A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of depression. ... Pharmacological action: antidepressive agents, second-generation, serotonin uptake inhibitors. ... Chemical name: Piperidine, 3-((1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)methyl)-4-(4-fluorophe …

paroxypropione
P-Hydroxypropiophenone;an inhibitor of pituitary gonadotropic hormone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paroxysm
1. <medicine> The fit, attack, or exacerbation, of a disease that occurs at intervals, or has decided remissions or intermissions. ... 2. Any sudden and violent emotion; spasmodic passion or action; a convulsion; a fit. 'The returning paroxysms of diffidence and despair.' (South) ... Origin: F. Paroxysme, Gr, fr. To sharpen, irritate; beside, b …

paroxysmal
<cardiology, neurology> Recurring in paroxysms, spasms or seizures. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

paroxysmal atrial tachycardia
Bouts of rapid, regular heart beating originating in the atrium (upper chamber of the heart). Due to abnormalities in the av node relay station that lead to rapid firing of electrical impulses from the atrium which bypass the av node under certain conditions. These conditions include alcohol excess, stress, caffeine, overactive thyroid or excessive …

paroxysmal cerebral dysrhythmia
A diffusely abnormal electroencephalogram often seen with epilepsy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paroxysmal cold haemoglobinuria
<haematology> A rare blood disorder caused by antibodies which destroy red blood cells upon exposure to the cold. ... The antibodies are formed against a specific blood group and are triggered by the cold. The cause is unknown but the disease has been associated with syphilis and some viral infections. Serum haemoglobin and urine haemoglobin a …

paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
Acute dyspnea appearing suddenly at night, usually waking the patient after an hour or two of sleep; caused by pulmonary congestion with or without oedema that results from left-sided heart failure following immobilization of fluid from dependent areas after lying down. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea
<cardiology> Wakening in the middle of the night with shortness of breath. A symptom of left ventricular failure. ... (15 Nov 1997) ...

paroxysmal sleep
Synonym for narcolepsy ... <neurology> A disorder of sleep associated with excessive daytime sleepiness, involuntary daytime sleep episodes, disturbed nocturnal sleep and cataplexy. ... Narcolepsy affects over 100,000 people in the United States and appears to have a genetic basis. ... Symptoms usually begin in the patients twenties. Treatment o …

paroxysmal tachycardia
Recurrent attacks of tachycardia, with abrupt onset and often also abrupt termination, originating from an ectopic focus which may be atrial, A-V junctional, or ventricular. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parr
<marine biology> A young salmonid, in the stage between alevin and smolt, that has developed distinctive dark parr marks on its sides and is actively feeding in fresh water. (Compare (fingerling and fry.) ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

parricide
1. The killing of one's parent (patricide or matricide). ... 2. One who commits such an act. ... Origin: L. Parricidium, killing of close kin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parrot
1. <zoology> In a general sense, any bird of the order Psittaci. ... 2. <ornithology> Any species of Psittacus, Chrysotis, Pionus, and other genera of the family Psittacidae, as distinguished from the parrakeets, macaws, and lories. They have a short rounded or even tail, and often a naked space on the cheeks. The gray parrot, or jako (P …

parrot disease
Synonym for psittacosis ... <chest medicine, disease> Psittacosis is primarily an infectious disease of birds caused by the bacterium Chlamydia psittaci. Transmission from infected birds results in a relatively rare febrile illness characterised by pneumonia and systemic symptoms. A flu-like illness can also occur. Almost any bird can harbor t …