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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

parataxis
The psychological state or repository of attitudes, ideas, and experiences accumulated during personality development that are not effectively assimilated or integrated into the growing mass and residue of the other attitudes, ideas, and experiences of an individual's personality. ... Synonym: parataxia. ... Origin: para-+ G. Taxis, orderly arrangeme …

paratenesis
Passage of an infective agent by one or a series of paratenic hosts in which the agent is transported between hosts but does not undergo further development. ... Origin: parasite + L. Teneo, to hold, maintain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paratenic host
An intermediate host in which no development of the parasite occurs, although its presence may be required as an essential link in the completion of the parasite's life cycle; e.g., the successive fish host's that carry the plerocercoid of Diphyllobothrium latum, the broad fish tapeworm, to larger food fish eventually eaten by man or other final ho …

paratenon
The tissue, fatty or synovial, between a tendon and its sheath. ... Origin: para-+ G. Tenon, tendon ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paraterminal
Near or alongside any terminus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paraterminal body
Synonym for subcallosal gyrus ... A slender vertical whitish band immediately anterior to the lamina terminalis and anterior commissure; contrary to its name, it is not a cortical convolution but is the ventral continuation of the transparent septum. ... Synonym: area subcallosa, gyrus paraterminalis, gyrus subcallosus, pedunculus corporis callosi, c …

paraterminal gyrus
Synonym for subcallosal gyrus ... A slender vertical whitish band immediately anterior to the lamina terminalis and anterior commissure; contrary to its name, it is not a cortical convolution but is the ventral continuation of the transparent septum. ... Synonym: area subcallosa, gyrus paraterminalis, gyrus subcallosus, pedunculus corporis callosi, c …

parathion
<chemical> A highly toxic cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an acaricide and as an insecticide. ... Pharmacological action: cholinesterase inhibitor, insecticide, organothiophosphate. ... Chemical name: Phosphorothioic acid, O,O-diethyl O-(4-nitrophenyl) ester ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parathormone
Synonym for parathyroid hormone ... <hormone> A peptide hormone of 84 amino acids (9402 D). Stimulates osteoclasts to increase blood calcium levels, the opposite effect to calcitonin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

parathymia
Misdirection of the emotional faculties; disordered mood. ... Origin: para-+ G. Thymos, soul, mind ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parathyrin
See Parathormone. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parathyroid
1. <anatomy> Situated beside the thyroid gland. ... 2. <endocrinology> One of the parathyroid glands. ... 3. <pharmacology> A sterile preparation of the water soluble principle of the parathyroid glands, administered parenterally as an antihypocalcaemic, especially in the treatment of acute hypoparathyroidism with tetany. ... (18 Nov …

parathyroid gland
<anatomy, endocrinology> Four small endocrine glands lying close or embedded in the posterior surface of the thyroid gland. They secrete the hormone parathormone. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

parathyroid glands
Two small paired endocrine glands in the region of the thyroid gland. They secrete parathyroid hormone and are concerned with the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parathyroid hormone
<hormone> A peptide hormone of 84 amino acids (9402 D). Stimulates osteoclasts to increase blood calcium levels, the opposite effect to calcitonin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

parathyroid hormonelike protein
A 140 amino acid protein secreted by some cancer cells; it causes hypercalcaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parathyroid hormones
Polypeptide hormones (84 amino acid residues) secreted by the parathyroid glands, which promote release of calcium from bone to extracellular fluid by activating osteoblasts and inhibiting osteoclasts, indirectly promote increased intestinal absorption of calcium, and promote renal tubular reabsorption of calcium and increased renal excretion of ph …

parathyroid insufficiency
Synonym for hypoparathyroidism ... <endocrinology> A term which describes the abnormally low production of parathyroid hormone by the parathyroid glands. ... Hypoparathyroidism may be congenital or occur in association with another disorder (autoimmune disease, haemochromatosis). ... Common symptoms are those of low blood calcium: muscle spasms, …

parathyroid osteosis
Synonym for osteitis fibrosa cystica ... Rarefying osteitis with fibrous degeneration and formation of cysts, and with the presence of fibrous nodules on the affected bones. It is due to marked osteoclastic activity secondary to hyperfunction of the parathyroid glands. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parathyroid tetany
Tetany due to lack of parathyroid function, spontaneous or following excision of the parathyroid glands. ... Synonym: hypoparathyroid tetany, parathyroprival tetany, tetania parathyreopriva. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parathyroidectomy
<procedure> Excision of one or both of the parathyroid glands. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

parathyroprival tetany
Synonym for parathyroid tetany ... Tetany due to lack of parathyroid function, spontaneous or following excision of the parathyroid glands. ... Synonym: hypoparathyroid tetany, parathyroprival tetany, tetania parathyreopriva. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parathyrotropic
Parathyrotrophic ... Influencing the growth or activity of the parathyroid glands. ... Origin: parathyroid + G. Trope, a turning; trophe, nourishment ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paratope
<immunology> In immune network theory, an idiotope, an antigenic site of an antibody that is responsible for that antibody binding to an antigenic determinant (epitope). ... Also used of the site on a ligand molecule to which a cell surface receptor binds. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

paratose synthase
<enzyme> Converts cdp-4-keto 3,6-dideoxyglucose to cdp-paratose ... Registry number: EC 5.1.3.- ... Synonym: rfbs gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

paratracheal lymph node
Nodes along the sides of the trachea in the neck and in the posterior mediastinum; receive drainage of superior (and inferior) tracheobranchial (nodes, trachea and oesophagus); drain to bronchomediastinal lymphatic trunk(s), thoracic duct. ... Synonym: nodi lymphatici paratracheales, tracheal lymph nodes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paratrichosis
Any disorder in the growth of the hair, with particular reference to quantity. ... Origin: para-+ G. Trichosis, making or being hairy, fr. Thrix (trich-), hair ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paratripsis
Chafing. ... Origin: G. Friction, fr. Para, beside, + tripsis, rubbing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paratriptic
Causing or caused by chafing. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paratrophic
Deriving sustenance from living organic material. ... See: metatrophic, prototrophic. ... Origin: para-+ G. Trophe, nourishment ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paratuberculosis
An infectious disease caused by mycobacterium paratuberculosis. Characteristics include chronic debilitation and weight loss. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

paratuberculous lymphadenitis
Old term for chronic inflammation of certain lymph nodes, not specifically tuberculous (i.e., tubercle bacilli are not demonstrable), but associated with proved tuberculous inflammation in another part or organ of the body. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paratype
<zoology> Every specimen in a type series other than the holotype which were before the author at the time of preparation of the original description and were so designated and indicated there. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

paratyphlitis
Inflammation of the connective tissue adjacent to the caecum. ... Origin: para-+ G. Typhlon, caecum, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paratyphoid
Synonym for paratyphoid fever ... A prolonged febrile illness commonly caused by serotypes of salmonella paratyphi. It is similar to typhoid fever but less severe. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

paratyphoid bacillus
One of the three organisms causing the three forms, A, B, and C, of paratyphoid fever. ... See: paratyphoid fever. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paratyphoid fever
A prolonged febrile illness commonly caused by serotypes of salmonella paratyphi. It is similar to typhoid fever but less severe. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

paraumbilical
Near the umbilicus. ... Synonym: paraomphalic, parumbilical. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paraumbilical veins
Several small veins arising from cutaneous veins about the umbilicus running along the round ligament of the liver, and terminating as accessory portal veins in the substance of this organ; they constitute a portocaval anastomosis and are subject to varicosity druign portal hypertension; varicose paraumbilical veins form the 'caput medussae'. ... Sy …

paraurethral
Alongside the urethra. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paraurethral ducts
Inconstant ducts along the side of the female urethra that convey the mucoid secretion of Skene's glands to the vestibule. ... Synonym: ductus paraurethrales, ducts of Skene's glands, Schuller's ducts. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paraurethral glands
Synonym for glands of the female urethra ... Numerous mucous glands in the wall of the female urethra. ... Synonym: glandulae urethrales femininae, Guerin's glands, paraurethral glands, Skene's glands. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parauterine lymph nodes
Nodes on either side of the uterus draining lymph to the internal iliac nodes and to the lumbar nodes via lymphatic vessels following the ovarian arteries. ... Synonym: nodi lymphatici parauterini. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paravaccinia
Synonym for milkers' nodules ... An infection of cows' udders by pseudocowpox virus, a member of the Poxviridae, that is transmitted to the fingers and hands of milkers, producing nodules and lymphangitis, and occasionally widespread papular or papulovesicular eruptions; human infection is transferable to uninfected cows. ... Synonym: milkers' nodes, …

paravaccinia virus
Synonym for pseudocowpox virus ... A species of parapoxvirus causing a pox-like disease on udders of cows that may spread to milkers. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

paravaginal
Alongside the vagina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paravaginal hysterectomy
<procedure> An obsolete term for removal of the uterus through a perineal incision involving only the lower two-thirds of the vaginal wall. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paravaginal lymph nodes
Lymph nodes in association with the vagina; they drain to the internal iliac nodes. ... Synonym: nodi lymphatici paravaginales. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paravaginitis
Inflammation of the connective tissue alongside the vagina. ... Synonym: paracolpitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paravalvular
Alongside or in the vicinity of a valve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paravenous
<anatomy> Beside a vein. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

paraventricular nucleus
A triangular group of large magnocellular neurons in the periventricular zone of the anterior half of the hypothalamus. The cells of the nucleus are similar to those of the supraoptic nucleus; the axons of about 20% of their number join in the formation of the supraopticohypophysial tract and are functionally associated with the posterior lobe of t …

paravertebral
Alongside a vertebra or the vertebral column. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paravertebral anaesthesia
Anaesthesia by injection of local anaesthetic solution about nerves as they exit from the vertebral canal; combined presynaptic, postsynaptic, and ganglionic sympathetic block by injection of local anaesthetic solution about paravertebral sympathetic chains. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paravertebral ganglia
Synonym for ganglia of sympathetic trunk ... The clusters of postganglionic neurons located at intervals along the sympathetic trunks, including the superior cervical, middle cervical, and cervicothoracic (stellate) ganglion, the thoracic, lumbar, and sacral ganglia, and the ganglion impar. ... Synonym: ganglia trunci sympathici, paravertebral gangli …

paravertebral gutter
The deep recess on either side of the vertebral column formed by the posterior sweep of the curvature of the ribs. ... Synonym: sulcus pulmonalis, pulmonary sulcus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paravertebral line
A vertical line corresponding to the tips of the transverse processes of the vertebrae. ... Synonym: linea paravertebralis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paravertebral triangle
Synonym for Grocco's triangle ... A triangular patch of dullness at the base of the chest alongside the spinal column, on the side opposite a pleural effusion. ... Synonym: paravertebral triangle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paravesical
Synonym for paracystic ... Alongside or near a bladder, specifically the urinary bladder. ... Synonym: paravesical. ... Origin: para-+ G. Kystis, bladder ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paravesical fossa
A peritoneal depression formed by the reflection of the peritoneum from the lateral pelvic wall onto the roof of the bladder; in the female, it is the lateral portion of the uterovesical pouch, separated from the pararectal pouch by the broad ligament. ... Synonym: fossa paravesicalis, paracystic pouch, paravesical pouch. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paravesical lymph nodes
The lymph nodes located around the urinary bladder and, in the male, the prostate; there are three groups: prevesicular lymph nodes, in front of the bladder; lateral vesical lymph nodes, on the right and left sides; postvesicular lymph nodes behind the bladder. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paravesical pouch
Synonym for paravesical fossa ... A peritoneal depression formed by the reflection of the peritoneum from the lateral pelvic wall onto the roof of the bladder; in the female, it is the lateral portion of the uterovesical pouch, separated from the pararectal pouch by the broad ligament. ... Synonym: fossa paravesicalis, paracystic pouch, paravesical p …

paraxial
<microscopy> Referring to the spacing of rays closely surrounding the principal axis of a lens system. ... See: eyepiece, parfocal. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

paraxial mesoderm
A thickened mass lying at either side of the midline embryonic notochord; on segmentation, it forms the paired somites. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paraxial rays
In geometric optics, those ray's focused at the principal point. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

paraxon
A collateral branch of an axon. ... Origin: para-+ G. Axon, axis ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Parazoa
A subkingdom that includes the sponges (phylum Porifera), considered by many zoologists to be intermediate between the subkingdoms Protozoa and Metazoa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parazoon
1. An animal parasite. ... 2. A member of the subkingdom Parazoa. ... Origin: para-+ G. Zoon, animal ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parcel
1. To divide and distribute by parts or portions; often with out or into. 'Their woes are parceled, mine are general.' 'These ghostly kings would parcel out my power.' (Dryden) 'The broad woodland parceled into farms.' (Tennyson) ... 2. To add a parcel or item to; to itemize. 'That mine own servant should Parcel the sum of my disgraces by Addition o …

parch
1. To burn the surface of; to scorch; to roast over the fire, as dry grain; as, to parch the skin; to parch corn. 'Ye shall eat neither bread, nor parched corn.' (Lev. Xxiii. 14) ... 2. To dry to extremity; to shrivel with heat; as, the mouth is parched from fever. 'The ground below is parched.' (Dryden) ... Origin: OE. Perchen to pierce, hence used …

parchment
1. The skin of a lamb, sheep, goat, young calf, or other animal, prepared for writing on. See Vellum. 'But here's a parchment with the seal of Caesar.' (Shak) ... 2. The envelope of the coffee grains, inside the pulp. Parchment paper. See Papyrine. ... Origin: OE. Parchemin, perchemin, F. Parchemin, LL. Pergamenum, L. Pergamena, pergamina, fr. L. Per …

parchment crackling
The sensation as of the crackling of stiff paper or parchment, noted on palpation of the skull in cases of craniotabes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parchment heart
A congenital or acquired condition in which there is thinning of the right ventricular myocardium. ... Synonym: right ventricular hypoplasia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parchment skin
Parchment-like appearance of the skin caused by loss of underlying connective and elastic tissue, or by the relatively rapid and persistent loss of water from the horny layer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pardon
1. To absolve from the consequences of a fault or the punishment of crime; to free from penalty; applied to the offender. 'In this thing the Lord pardon thy servant.' (2 Kings v. 18) 'I pray you, pardon me; pray heartily, pardom me.' (Shak) ... 2. To remit the penalty of; to suffer to pass without punishment; to forgive; applied to offenses. 'I pray …

pare
1. To cut off, or shave off, the superficial substance or extremities of; as, to pare an apple; to pare a horse's hoof. ... 2. To remove; to separate; to cut or shave, as the skin, ring, or outside part, from anything; followed by off or away; as; to pare off the ring of fruit; to pare away redundancies. ... 3. To diminish the bulk of; to reduce; to …

Pare's suture
The approximation of the edges of a wound by pasting strips of cloth to the surface and stitching them instead of the skin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parectasis
Parectasia ... An obsolete term for extreme distention of a cavity or other part. ... Origin: G. Parektasis, extrusion, fr. Para, beside, + ektasis, extension ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parectropia
Synonym: apraxia. ... Origin: G. Par-ektrope, a turning aside ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pareira
Pareira brava, the root of Chondodendron tomentosum and other species of Chondodendron (family Menispermaceae), a vine of tropical America; one of the chief sources of d-tubocurarine; it has diuretic and urinary antiseptic properties. ... Origin: Pg. Parreira, vine trained against a wall ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parencephalia
Congenital defect of brain. ... Origin: para-+ G. Enkephalos, brain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parencephalitis
Inflammation of the cerebellum. ... Origin: parencephalon + G. -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parencephalocele
Protrusion of the cerebellum through a defect in the cranium. ... Origin: parencephalon + G. Kele, hernia ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parencephalous
Relating to parencephalia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parenchyma
<pathology> The essential elements of an organ, used in anatomical nomenclature as a general term to designate the functional elements of an organ, as distinguished from its framework or stroma. ... Origin: Gr. = anything poured in beside ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

parenchymal
Synonym for parenchymatous ... Relating to the parenchyma. ... Synonym: parenchymal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parenchymal atelectasis
The collapse that occurs when pulmonary air is absorbed and not replaced, thus reducing lung volume. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parenchymal cell
See: parenchyma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parenchymatitis
Inflammation of the parenchyma or differentiated substance of a gland or organ. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parenchymatous
Relating to the parenchyma. ... Synonym: parenchymal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parenchymatous cartilage
Synonym for cellular cartilage ... An embryonic or immature stage of cartilage in which it consists chiefly of cells with very little matrix. ... Synonym: parenchymatous cartilage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parenchymatous degeneration
Synonym for cloudy swelling ... Swelling of cells due to injury to the membranes affecting ionic transfer; causes an accumulation of intracellular water. ... Synonym: albuminous swelling, granular degeneration, hydropic degeneration, parenchymatous degeneration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parenchymatous goiter
A form of goiter in which there is a great increase in the follicles with proliferation of the epithelium. ... Synonym: follicular goiter. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parenchymatous haemorrhage
Bleeding into the substance of an organ. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parenchymatous mastitis
Inflammation of the secreting tissue of the breast. ... Synonym: glandular mastitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parenchymatous neuritis
Inflammation of the nervous substance proper, the axons, and myelin. ... Synonym: axial neuritis, central neuritis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parent
1. One who begets, or brings forth, offspring; a father or a mother. 'Children, obey your parents in the Lord.' (Eph. Vi. 1) ... 2. That which produces; cause; source; author; begetter; as, idleness is the parent of vice. 'Regular industry is the parent of sobriety.' (Channing) Parent cell. ... <biology> A nucleus which, in cell division, divid …

parent artery
<anatomy, artery> The artery giving origin to a given artery; the artery of which a given artery is a branch. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parent cell
Synonym for mother cell ... A cell which, by division, gives rise to two or more daughter cell's. ... Synonym: brood cell, metrocyte, parent cell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

parent cyst
Synonym for mother cyst ... A hydatid cyst from the inner, or germinal, layer, from which secondary cyst's containing scoleces (daughter cyst's) are developed; sometimes tertiary cyst's (granddaughter cyst's) are developed within the daughter cyst's; occurs most frequently in the liver, but may be found in other organs and tissues; symptoms are thos …