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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


pedigree
1. A line of ancestors; descent; lineage; genealogy; a register or record of a line of ancestors. 'Alterations of surnames . . . Have obscured the truth of our pedigrees.' (Camden) 'His vanity labored to contrive us a pedigree.' (Milton) 'I am no herald to inquire of men's pedigrees.' (Sir P. Sidney) 'The Jews preserved the pedigrees of their tribe …

pedigree analysis
The formal study of the pattern of a trait in a pedigree to determine such properties as its mode of inheritance, age of onset, and variability in phenotype. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pediluvium
A foot bath. ... Origin: L. Pes (ped-), foot, + luo, to wash ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pediococcus
A genus of gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic bacteria whose growth is dependent on the presence of a fermentable carbohydrate. No endospores are produced. Its organisms are found in fermenting plant products and are nonpathogenic to plants and animals, including humans. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pedioneuralgia
pedionalgia ...

pediophobia
<psychology> Morbid fear aroused by the sight of a child or of a doll. ... Origin: G. Paidion, a little child, + phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pediphalanx
A phalanx of the foot, distinguished from maniphalanx. ... Origin: L. Pes (ped-), foot, + phalanx ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pedo-
See: ped-. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pedodontia
Synonym for pedodontics ... Chilldren's dentistry. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pedodontics
Chilldren's dentistry. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pedodontist
<specialist> A dentist who specialises in the treatment of children's teeth. ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

pedodontist (pedo)
<dentistry> A dentist who specialises in the treatment of children's teeth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pedodynamometer
An instrument for measuring the strength of the leg muscles. ... Origin: L. Pes (ped-), foot, + G. Dynamis, force, + G. Metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pedogenesis
Permanent larval stage with sexual development, as in certain gall midges (genus Miastor). ... Compare: neoteny. ... Origin: G. Pais (paid-), child, + genesis, origin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pedogenic
<ecology> Related to soil-building processes occurring within the soil. ... Origin: Gr. Gennan = to produce ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

pedogram
A record made by the pedograph. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pedograph
An instrument for recording and studying the gait. ... Origin: L. Pes (ped-), foot, + G. Grapho, to write ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pedography
Production of a record as made by a pedograph. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pedologist
A specialist in pedology. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pedology
A rarely used term for the branch of biology and of sociology concerned with the child in his physical, mental, and social development. ... Synonym: paidology. ... Origin: G. Pais (paid-), child, + logos, study ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pedometer
<apparatus> An instrument for including the number of steps in walking, and so ascertaining the distance passed over. It is usually in the form of a watch; an oscillating weight by the motion of the body causes the index to advance a certain distance at each step. ... Origin: Pedi-, pedo-: cf. F. Pedometre. ... (24 Mar 1998) ...

pedomorphism
Description of adult behaviour in terms appropriate to child behaviour. ... Origin: G. Pais (paid), child, + morphe, form ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pedophilia
Sexual fondness and activity of adults with children.pedophilia is a form of paraphilia (deviant sexual behaviour). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pedophilic
Relating to or exhibiting pedophilia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

peduncle
<botany> The stalk of an inflorescence, in ferns, the stalk of a sporocarp. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

peduncle of corpus callosum
Synonym for subcallosal gyrus ... A slender vertical whitish band immediately anterior to the lamina terminalis and anterior commissure; contrary to its name, it is not a cortical convolution but is the ventral continuation of the transparent septum. ... Synonym: area subcallosa, gyrus paraterminalis, gyrus subcallosus, pedunculus corporis callosi, c …

peduncle of flocculus
The bundle of afferent and efferent nerve fibres connecting the flocculus and the nodule of the cerebellum; part of its course is in the inferior medullary velum. ... Synonym: pedunculus flocculi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

peduncle of mamillary body
A fascicle of nerve fibres passing to the mamillary body along the ventral surface of the midbrain; it consists of fibres that originate from the dorsal and ventral tegmental nuclei. ... Synonym: pedunculus corporis mamillaris, fasciculus pedunculomamillaris, pedunculomamillary fasciculus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

peduncular
Relating to a pedicle or peduncle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

peduncular ansa
Synonym for ansa peduncularis ... A complex fibre bundle curving around the medial edge of the internal capsule and connecting the anterior part of the temporal lobe (temporal cortex), amygdala, and olfactory cortex with the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus; it enters the thalamus as a component of the inferior thalamic peduncle which also contai …

peduncular loop
Synonym for ansa peduncularis ... A complex fibre bundle curving around the medial edge of the internal capsule and connecting the anterior part of the temporal lobe (temporal cortex), amygdala, and olfactory cortex with the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus; it enters the thalamus as a component of the inferior thalamic peduncle which also contai …

peduncular veins
Synonym for venae pedunculares ... Small tributaries of the basal vein from the cerebral peduncle. ... Synonym: peduncular veins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pedunculated hydatid
Synonym for appendix of epididymidis ... A small pedunculated body often attached to the head of the epididymis which is a vestige of the embryonic mesonephric duct. ... Synonym: appendix epididymidis, pedunculated hydatid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pedunculated polyp
Any form of polyp that is attached to the base tissue by means of a slender stalk. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pedunculomamillary fasciculus
Synonym for peduncle of mamillary body ... A fascicle of nerve fibres passing to the mamillary body along the ventral surface of the midbrain; it consists of fibres that originate from the dorsal and ventral tegmental nuclei. ... Synonym: pedunculus corporis mamillaris, fasciculus pedunculomamillaris, pedunculomamillary fasciculus. ... (05 Mar 2000)
pedunculotomy
1. <procedure> A total or partial section of a cerebral peduncle. ... 2. A mesencephalic pyramidal tractotomy. ... Origin: peduncle + G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pedunculus
Synonym: pedicle. ... Origin: Mod. L. Dim. Of pes, foot ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pedunculus cerebellaris inferior
Synonym for inferior cerebellar peduncle ... Large paired bundles of nerve fibres which develop on the dorsolateral surfaces of the upper medulla, extend under the lateral recesses of the rhomboid fossa and curve dorsally into the cerebellum medial to the middle cerebellar peduncle; composed of a larger (lateral) bundle, the restiform body, and a sm …

pedunculus cerebellaris medius
Synonym for middle cerebellar peduncle ... The largest of three paired cerebellar peduncles, composed mainly of fibres that originate in the pontine nuclei, cross the midline in the ventral part of pons, and emerge on the opposite side as a massive bundle arching dorsally along the lateral side of the pontine tegmentum into the cerebellum; its fibre …

pedunculus cerebellaris superior
Synonym for superior cerebellar peduncle ... A large bundle of nerve fibres that originate from the dentate and interpositus nuclei and emerges from the cerebellum in the rostral direction, along the lateral wall of the fourth ventricle. The bundle submerges from the dorsal surface of the brainstem into the mesencephalic tegmentum, where all of its …

pedunculus cerebri
Synonym for cerebral peduncle ... Originally denoting either of the two halves of the midbrain (a relatively narrow 'neck' connecting the forebrain to the hindbrain); this term has been variably used to designate only those large bundles of corticofugal fibres forming the crus cerebri, or to designate the crus cerebri plus the midbrain tegmentum; th …

pedunculus corporis callosi
Synonym for subcallosal gyrus ... A slender vertical whitish band immediately anterior to the lamina terminalis and anterior commissure; contrary to its name, it is not a cortical convolution but is the ventral continuation of the transparent septum. ... Synonym: area subcallosa, gyrus paraterminalis, gyrus subcallosus, pedunculus corporis callosi, c …

pedunculus corporis mamillaris
Synonym for peduncle of mamillary body ... A fascicle of nerve fibres passing to the mamillary body along the ventral surface of the midbrain; it consists of fibres that originate from the dorsal and ventral tegmental nuclei. ... Synonym: pedunculus corporis mamillaris, fasciculus pedunculomamillaris, pedunculomamillary fasciculus. ... (05 Mar 2000)
pedunculus flocculi
Synonym for peduncle of flocculus ... The bundle of afferent and efferent nerve fibres connecting the flocculus and the nodule of the cerebellum; part of its course is in the inferior medullary velum. ... Synonym: pedunculus flocculi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pedunculus of pineal body
See: habenula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pedunculus thalami inferior
Synonym for inferior thalamic peduncle ... A large fibre bundle emerging from the anterior part of the thalamus in the ventral direction, in part joining the medial fibres of the internal capsule, in other part curving laterally around the medial margin of the capsule into the innominate substance. Many of its fibres establish a reciprocal connectio …

pedunculus thalami lateralis
Synonym for lateral thalamic peduncle ... The massive group of fibres that emerges from the laterodorsal side of the thalamus to join the corona radiata; it reciprocally connects the lateral nucleus and the geniculate bodies of the thalamus with the corresponding regions of the cerebral cortex. ... Synonym: pedunculus thalami lateralis. ... (05 Mar 20 …

pedunculus thalami ventralis
Synonym for ventral thalamic peduncle ... The massive system of fibre bundles emerging through the ventral, lateral, and anterior borders of the thalamus to join the internal capsule and parts of the corona radiata; it contains the fibres reciprocally connecting the ventral thalamic nuclei with the precentral and postcentral gyri of the cerebral cor …

pedunculus vitellinus
An obsolete term for yolk stalk. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

peel
1. To strip off the skin, bark, or rind of; to strip by drawing or tearing off the skin, bark, husks, etc.; to flay; to decorticate; as, to peel an orange. 'The skillful shepherd peeled me certain wands.' (Shak) ... 2. To strip or tear off; to remove by stripping, as the skin of an animal, the bark of a tree, etc. ... Origin: F. Peler to pull out the …

peeling
A stripping off or loss of epidermis, as in sunburn or toxic epidermal necrolysis. ... Origin: M.E. Pelen ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

peenash
Rhinitis caused by insect larvae in the nasal passages. ... Origin: East Indian ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

peep
1. To cry, as a chicken hatching or newly hatched; to chirp; to cheep. 'There was none that moved the wing, or opened the mouth, or peeped.' (Is. X. 14) ... 2. To begin to appear; to look forth from concealment; to make the first appearance. 'When flowers first peeped, and trees did blossoms bear.' (Dryden) ... 3. To look cautiously or slyly; to peer …

peer
1. To come in sight; to appear. 'So honor peereth in the meanest habit.' (Shak) 'See how his gorget peers above his gown!' (B. Jonson) ... 2. [Perh. A different word; cf. OE. Piren, LG. Piren. Cf. Pry to peep] To look narrowly or curiously or intently; to peep; as, the peering day. 'Peering in maps for ports, and piers, and roads.' (Shak) 'As if thr …

peer group
Group composed of associates of same species, approximately the same age, and usually of similar rank or social status. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

peer review
Scrutiny by one's peers (equals). Peer-reviewed articles appearing in medical journals have been scrutinised by members of the biomedical community before publication. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

peer review, health care
The concurrent or retrospective review by practicing physicians or other health professionals of the quality and efficiency of patient care practices or services ordered or performed by other physicians or other health professionals . ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

peer review, research
The evaluation by experts of the quality and pertinence of research or research proposals of other experts in the same field. Peer review is used by editors in deciding which submissions warrant publication, by granting agencies to determine which proposals should be funded, and by academic institutions in tenure decisions. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pefloxacin
<chemical> An orally administered broad spectrum quinolone antibacterial agent active against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It is effective against urinary tract infections as well as against many other systemic infections. The drug is well tolerated in adults, but should not be given to children and pregnant women. ... Pharma …

peg
1. A small, pointed piece of wood, used in fastening boards together, in attaching the soles of boots or shoes, etc.; as, a shoe peg. ... 2. A wooden pin, or nail, on which to hang things, as coats, etc. Hence, colloquially and figuratively: A support; a reason; a pretext; as, a peg to hang a claim upon. ... 3. One of the pins of a musical instrument …

pegasus
1. A winged horse fabled to have sprung from the body of Medusa when she was slain. He is noted for causing, with a blow of his hoof, Hippocrene, the inspiring fountain of the Muses, to spring from Mount Helicon. On this account he is, in modern times, associated with the Muses, and with ideas of poetic inspiration. 'Each spurs his jaded Pegasus ap …

pegged tooth
A conical tooth whose sides converge from the cervical to the incisal region. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

PEGs
<abbreviation> Polyethylene glycols. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Peiffer
J., German physician, *1922. ... See: Hirsch-Peiffer stain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pejorism
A pessimistic attitude. ... Origin: L. Pejor, worse ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

PEL
<abbreviation> Permissible exposure limit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pel-Ebstein disease
Synonym for Pel-Ebstein fever ... The remittent fever common in Hodgkin's disease. ... Synonym: Pel-Ebstein disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pel-Ebstein fever
The remittent fever common in Hodgkin's disease. ... Synonym: Pel-Ebstein disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pel, Pieter
<person> Dutch physician, 1852-1919. ... See: Pel-Ebstein disease, Pel-Ebstein fever. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pelade
Synonym: alopecia. ... Origin: Fr. Peler, to remove the hair from a hide ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pelagic
<biology> Of or in open waters of lakes or seas. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

pelargonium
<botany> A large genus of plants of the order Geraniaceae, differing from Geranium in having a spurred calyx and an irregular corolla. ... About one hundred and seventy species are known, nearly all of them natives of South Africa, and many having very beautiful blossoms. See the Note under Geranium. ... Origin: NL, fr. Gr. A stork. ... Source: …

pelger-huet anomaly
An inherited defect interfering with normal nuclear lobulation of neutrophils and eosinophils. The nuclei appear rodlike, spherical, or dumbbell-shaped and their structure is coarse and lumpy. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Pelger-Huet nuclear anomaly
Congenital inhibition of lobulation in the nuclei of neutrophilic leukocytes; most cells present band or bilobulate appearance, and only an occasional cell is trilobed; it is not associated with disease, but may be confused with leukocyte 'shift to left'; autosomal dominant inheritance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pelger, Karel
<person> Dutch physician, 1885-1931. ... See: Pelger-Huet nuclear anomaly. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pelican
1. <zoology> Any large webfooted bird of the genus of Pelecanus, of which about a dozen species are known. They have an enormous bill, to the lower edge of which is attached a pouch in which captured fishes are temporarily stored. ... The American white pelican (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) and the brown species (P. Fuscus) are abundant on the F …

pelidnoma
A circumscribed, elevated, livid patch on the skin. ... Synonym: pelioma. ... Origin: G. Pelidnos, livid, + -oma, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

peliosis
Synonym for purpura ... <clinical sign, dermatology> A small haemorrhage (up to about 1 cm in diameter) in the skin, mucous membrane or serosal surface, which may be caused by various factors, including blood disorders, vascular abnormalities and trauma. ... Purpuric lesions may be associated with inflammation, in which case they present as pap …

peliosis hepatis
<radiology> Benign, intrahepatic vascular disorder, associated with benign and malignant liver tumours, possible vasodilatory response to sex hormones, (?) clinical significance, multiple endothelium-lined, blood-filled spaces, communicate with sinusoids, angio (parenchymal phase): multiple round collections of contrast in liver (3 - 15 mm), …

peliosis hepatitis
A rare condition in which the liver contains very numerous small blood-filled spaces, sometimes lined with endothelium; it may be found incidentally or rupture may cause intraperitoneal haemorrhage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease
A sudanophilic leukodystrophy with a tigroid appearance of the myelin resulting from patchy demyelination. Type 1-classic, nystagmus and tremor appearing in the first few months of life, followed by slow motor development sometimes with choreoathetosis, spasticity, optic atrophy and seizures, with death in early adulthood, X-linked recessive inheri …

pelizaeus-merzbacher syndrome
<radiology> Slowly progressive dysmyelinating disease, diffuse, symmetrical demyelination, cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem, spinal cord, islands of partially demyelinated fibres, CT may be normal, two types: X-linked recessive (presents in infancy), autosomal dominant (preadulthood) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Pelizaeus, Friedrich
<person> German neurologist, 1850-1917. ... See: Merzbacher-Pelizaeus disease, Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pellagra
<disease> A niacin deficiency disease (pellagra) caused by improper diet and characterised by skin lesions, gastrointestinal disturbances and nervousness. Depression, dermatitis, dementia and diarrhoea are common symptoms. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

pellagra sine pellagra
Pellagra without the characteristic skin lesions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pellagra-preventing factor
Synonym for nicotinic acid ... A precursor of NAD, that is a product of the oxidation of nicotine. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

pellagroid
Resembling pellagra. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pellagrous
Relating to or suffering from pellagra. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pelle-like protein kinase
<enzyme> Mplk - mouse pelle-like kinase; mammalian homolog of drosophila pelle protein; expression is developmentally regulated and is greatest in liver; genbank l08476 ... Registry number: EC 2.7.10.- ... Synonym: mplk (protein) ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

pellegrini-steatum ossification
<radiology> Ossification of the medial collateral ligament, usually due to trauma with subsequent haemorrhage (no eponym for ossification of the lateral collateral ligament!) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Pellegrini-Stieda disease
Synonym for Pellegrini's disease ... A calcific density in the medial collateral ligament and/or bony growth at the internal condyle of the femur. ... Synonym: Pellegrini-Stieda disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pellegrini, Augusto
<person> Italian surgeon, *1877. ... See: Pellegrini's disease, Pellegrini-Stieda disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pellegrini's disease
A calcific density in the medial collateral ligament and/or bony growth at the internal condyle of the femur. ... Synonym: Pellegrini-Stieda disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pellet
1. A pilule, or very small pill. ... 2. A small rod-shaped or ovoid dosage form that is sterile and is composed essentially of pure steroid hormones in compressed form, intended for subcutaneous implantation in body tissues; serves as a depot providing for the slow release of the hormone over an extended period of time. ... Origin: Fr. Pelote; L. Pil …

pellet implantation
Intramuscular or subcutaneous insertion of an active therapeutic agent in pellet form to provide protracted absorption at a rate slower than subcutaneous or intramuscular injection and as a means of providing a sustained therapeutic effect without repeated administration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pellicle
<microbiology> The outer covering of a protozoan: the plasma membrane plus underlying reinforcing structures, for example the membrane bounded spaces (alveoli) just below the plasma membrane in ciliates. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

pellicular
Relating to a pellicle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pelliculous
Synonym for pellicular ... Relating to a pellicle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pellitory
<botany> The common name of the several species of the genus Parietaria, low, harmless weeds of the Nettle family; also called wall pellitory, and lichwort. ... Parietaria officinalis is common on old walls in Europe; P.Pennsylvanica is found in the United States; and six or seven more species are found near the Mediterranean, or in the Orient …

Pellizzari, Pietro
<person> Italian dermatologist, 1823-1892. ... See: Jadassohn-Pellizzari anetoderma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...