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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

magnesium salicylate
A sodium-free salicylate derivative with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic actions; used for relief of mild to moderate pain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

magnesium silicates
A generic term for a variety of compounds that contain silicon, oxygen, and magnesium, and may contain hydrogen. Examples include talc and some kinds of asbestos. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

magnesium stearate
A compound of magnesium with variable proportions of stearic and palmitic acids; used in the preparation of tablets, as a lubricant, and as an ingredient in some baby powders. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

magnesium sulfate
<chemical> Sulfuric acid magnesium salt (1:1). A small colourless crystal used as an anticonvulsant, a cathartic, and an electrolyte replenisher in the treatment of preeclampsia and eclampsia. It causes direct inhibition of action potential in the myometrial muscle cells. Excitation and contraction are uncoupled, which decreases the frequency …

magnesium trisilicate
2MgO-3SiO2-nH2O;a compound of magnesium oxide and silicon dioxide with varying proportions of water; occurs in nature as meerschaum, pararepiolite, and repiolite; a gastric antacid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

magnesium-bicarbonate ATPase
<enzyme> Aspect of EC 3.6.1.3 ... Registry number: EC 3.6.1.- ... Synonym: mg-hco3-atpase, atpase, magnesium-bicarbonate ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

magnet
1. The loadstone; a species of iron ore (the ferrosoferric or magnetic ore, Fe3O4) which has the property of attracting iron and some of its ores, and, when freely suspended, of pointing to the poles; called also natural magnet. 'Dinocrates began to make the arched roof of the temple of Arsinoe all of magnet, or this loadstone.' (Holland) 'Two magn …

magnet reaction
A reaction seen in an animal deprived of its cerebellum; when the animal is placed upon its back and the head strongly flexed, the four limbs become flexed in all their joints. Due to stimulation of receptors in the deep layers of the skin, light pressure made upon a toe-pad with the finger causes reflex contraction of the limb extensors; the limb …

magnet reflex
Synonym for magnet reaction ... A reaction seen in an animal deprived of its cerebellum; when the animal is placed upon its back and the head strongly flexed, the four limbs become flexed in all their joints. Due to stimulation of receptors in the deep layers of the skin, light pressure made upon a toe-pad with the finger causes reflex contraction o …

magnetic attraction
The force that draws iron or steel toward a magnet. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

magnetic axis
<physics> This typically refers to the location of the innermost flux surface in a toroidal device, the one which encloses no volume and has therefore degenerated from a flux surface into a single field line. Roughly, the circle through the middle of the dough of the donut. Additionally, in systems with magnetic islands (see entry below), eac …

magnetic confinement
<physics> Use of magnetic fields to confine a plasma. (Confinement involves restricting the volume of the plasma and/or restricting particle or energy transport from the centre of the plasma to the edge.) ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

magnetic confinement fusion
<physics> Method of fusion which uses magnetic fields / magnetic bottles to confine a hot plasma until fusion occurs. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

magnetic field
The sphere of influence of a magnet. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

magnetic field gradient
In magnetic resonance imaging, a magnetic field that varies with location, superimposed on the uniform field of the magnet, to alter the resonant frequency of nuclei and allow recovery of their spatial position. ... Synonym: field gradient. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

magnetic implant
A tissue-tolerated, magnetised metal placed within the bone to aid in denture retention; a similar magnet is placed in the overlying denture to complete the field. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

magnetic inertia
Synonym for hysteresis ... <physics> A lagging or retardation of the effect, when the forces acting upon a body are changed, as if from velocity or internal friction; a temporary resistance to change from a condition previously invuced, observed in magnetism, thermoelectricity, etc, on reversal of polarity. ... Origin: NL, fr. Gr. To be behind, …

magnetic island
<physics> A magnetic topology near a rational surface where the flux surface is broken up into tubes which are not connected with each other poloidally. Islands may develop in non-ideal magnetohydrodynamic fluids, where electrical resistance becomes important and magnetic field lines are no longer frozen-in to the fluid. Then magnetic tearing …

magnetic mach number
<physics> A dimensionless number equal to the ratio of the velocity of a fluid to the velocity of Alfven waves in that fluid. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

magnetic moment
<physics> (a) A vector associated with a magnet, current loop, or particle, the cross product of this vector with the magnetic field is equal to the torque which the field exerts on the system. (b) The adiabatic invariant associated with the rapid gyromotion of a charged particle in a slowly varying magnetic field. (The value of the magnetic …

magnetic probe
<radiobiology> A conducting coil (sometimes insulated and inserted into the plasma) will have an induced voltage due to changes in the magnetic flux through the coil, and can therefore be used to measure changes in magnetic field strength. Small coils used to measure the local field strength are known as probes. (Other plasma diagnostics usin …

magnetic pumping
<radiobiology> Form of plasma heating where the plasma is successively compressed and expanded by means of a fluctuating external magnetic field. (See also adiabatic compression, frozen-in law.) ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

magnetic reconnection
When a plasma has some resistivity, then the frozen-in flow requirement is relaxed (see frozen-in flow). In that case, the magnetic field can move through the plasma fluid on the resistive (magnetic diffusion) time scale. (Typically slow compared to magnetohydrodynamic timescales.) This allows field lines to reconnect with each other to change thei …

magnetic resonance angiography
Non-invasive method of vascular imaging and determination of internal anatomy without injection of contrast media or radiation exposure. The technique is used especially in cerebral angiography as well as for studies of other vascular structures. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Magnetic Resonance Imaging
A special imaging technique used to image internal stuctures of the body, particularly the soft tissues. An MRI image is often superior to a normal X-ray image. ... It uses the influence of a large magnet to polarize hydrogen atoms in the tissues and then monitors the summation of the spinning energies within living cells. ... Images are very clear a …

magnetic resonance imaging, cine
A type of imaging technique used primarily in the field of cardiology. By coordinating the fast gradient-echo mri sequence with retrospective ecg-gating, numerous short time frames evenly spaced in the cardiac cycle are produced. These images are laced together in a cinematic display so that wall motion of the ventricles, valve motion, and blood fl …

magnetic resonance scanning
Synonym for Magnetic Resonance Imaging ... A special imaging technique used to image internal stuctures of the body, particularly the soft tissues. An MRI image is often superior to a normal X-ray image. ... It uses the influence of a large magnet to polarize hydrogen atoms in the tissues and then monitors the summation of the spinning energies withi …

magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Detection and measurement of the resonant spectra of molecular species in a tissue or sample. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

magnetic stress tensor
<radiobiology> A second-rank tensor, proportional to the dyadic product of the magnetic field (B) with itself. The divergence of the magnetic stress tensor gives that part of the force which a magnetic field exerts on a unit volume of conducting fluid due to the curvature of the magnetic field lines. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

magnetic switching
<radiobiology> The use as switches of saturable inductors for producing high power pulses without electrical arcs. This is a principal technology for extending single-shot accelerators in light-ion-beam-driven inertial confinement fusion to repetitively pulsed devices for possible reactors. Three terawatt, 200 KJ magnetic switches have been d …

magnetic viscosity
<physics> A magnetic field in a conducting fluid will damp fluid motions perpendicular to the field lines, similar to ordinary viscosity, even in the absence of sizeable mechanical forces or electric fields. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

magnetical
1. Pertaining to the magnet; possessing the properties of the magnet, or corresponding properties; as, a magnetic bar of iron; a magnetic needle. ... 2. Of or pertaining to, or characterised by, the earth's magnetism; as, the magnetic north; the magnetic meridian. ... 3. Capable of becoming a magnet; susceptible to magnetism; as, the magnetic metals. …

magnetism
The property, quality, or state, of being magnetic; the manifestation of the force in nature which is seen in a magnet. ... 2. The science which treats of magnetic phenomena. ... 3. Power of attraction; power to excite the feelings and to gain the affections. 'By the magnetism of interest our affections are irresistibly attracted.' Animal magnetism, …

magneto-
<prefix> A prefix meaning pertaining to, produced by, or in some way connected with, magnetism. ... See: magnet. ... (29 Oct 1998) ...

magnetocardiography
Measurement of the magnetic field of the heart, produced by the same ionic currents that generate the electrocardiogram, and showing characteristic P, QRS, T, and U waves. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

magnetoencephalogram
A gauss-time record of the magnetic field of the brain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

magnetoencephalography
The measurement of magnetic fields over the head generated by electric currents in the brain. As in any electrical conductor, electric fields in the brain are accompanied by orthogonal magnetic fields. The measurement of these fields provides information about the localization of brain activity which is complementary to that provided by electroence …

magnetogyric ratio
Synonym for gyromagnetic ratio ... In nuclear magnetic resonance, the ratio of the magnetic dipole moment of the nucleus to the nuclear spin angular momentum; the gyromagnetic ratio is a unique value for each type of nucleus. ... Synonym: magnetogyric ratio. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

magnetohydrodynamics
<physics, study> Physical model describing the properties of electrically conducting fluids interacting with magnetic and electric fields. Magnetohydrodynamic theory is relevant at relatively low frequencies and for distance scales larger than the Larmor radius. ... Synonym: hydromagnetics. ... (13 Jan 1998) ...

magneton
A unit of measurement of the magnetic moment of a particle (e.g., atom or subatomic particle). ... Bohr magneton, a constant in the equation relating the difference in energies between parallel and antiparallel spin alignments of electrons in a magnetic field; the net magnetic moment of one unpaired electron; used in electron spin resonance spectrom …

magnetosome
<microbiology> Enveloped compartment in magnetotactic bacteria containing magnetite particles. By using this organelle to detect the vertical component of the Earth's magnetic field, the bacteria swim towards the bottom of the sea. ... Origin: Gr. Soma = body ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

magnetotactic bacteria
<microbiology> Bacteria that can orient themselves in the earth's magnetic field due to the presence of magnetosomes. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

magnetotaxis
Tactic response to magnetic field, in magnetotactic bacteria the Earth's magnetic field is used as a guide to up and down in deep sediment. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

magnification
The amplification of an image by using enlarged views to magnify an area for greater detail. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

magnification angiography
Enhanced imaging of small blood vessels using an increased distance from subject to film, as in magnification radiography. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

magnification empty
<microscopy> Magnification beyond which no new information is revealed. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

magnification radiography
Radiography using a microfocal X-ray tube and increased subject-film distance to provide geometric magnification of the subject without unacceptable loss of sharpness and resolution or an undesirable increase in radiation exposure caused by increasing the distance between the subject and the film. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

magnificence
The act of doing what magnificent; the state or quality of being magnificent. 'Then cometh magnificence.' . 'And, for the heaven's wide circuit, let it speak The Maker's high magnificence, who built so spacious.' (Milton) 'The noblest monuments of Roman magnificence.' (Eustace) ... Origin: F. Magnificence, L. Magnificentia. See Magnific. ... Source: …

magnify
1. To make great, or greater; to increase the dimensions of; to amplify; to enlarge, either in fact or in appearance; as, the microscope magnifies the object by a thousand diameters. 'The least error in a small quantity . . . Will in a great one . . . Be proportionately magnified.' (Grew) ... 2. To increase the importance of; to augment the esteem o …

magnitude
1. Extent of dimensions; size; applied to things that have length, breath, and thickness. 'Conceive those particles of bodies to be so disposed amongst themselves, that the intervals of empty spaces between them may be equal in magnitude to them all.' (Sir I. Newton) ... 2. <geometry> That which has one or more of the three dimensions, length, …

magnocellular
Composed of cells of large size. ... Origin: L. Magnus, large, + cellular ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

magnocellular neuron
<anatomy, neurology> A neuron in the magnocellular region of the brain. Perhaps the first class of neuron from the central nervous system shown to be sensitive to nerve growth factor (that had previously been thought only to act at the periphery). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

magnolia
<botany> A genus of American and Asiatic trees, with aromatic bark and large sweet-scented whitish or reddish flowers. ... Magnolia grandiflora has coriaceous shining leaves and very fragrant blossoms. It is common from North Carolina to Florida and Texas, and is one of the most magnificent trees of the American forest. The sweet bay (M. Glauc …

magnus
Large; great; denoting a structure of large size. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Magnus, Rudolph
<person> German physiologist, 1873-1927. ... See: Magnus' sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Magnus' sign
<clinical sign> An obsolete sign: after death, constriction of a limb or one of its segments is not followed by venous congestion of the distal part. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

magpie
<zoology> Any one of numerous species of the genus Pica and related genera, allied to the jays, but having a long graduated tail. ... The common European magpie (Pica pica, or P. Caudata) is a black and white noisy and mischievous bird. It can be taught to speak. The American magpie (P. Hudsonica) is very similar. The yellow-belled magpie (P. …

Mahaim fibres
Paraspecific fibre's originating from the A-V node, the His bundle, or the bundle branches and inserting into the ventricular myocardium; they are potential pathways for reentrant dysrhythmias. ... Synonym: nodoventricular fibres. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mahogany
1. <botany> A large tree of the genus Swietenia (S. Mahogoni), found in tropical America. ... Several other trees, with wood more or less like mahogany, are called by this name; as, African mahogany (Khaya Senegalensis), Australian mahogany (Eucalyptus marginatus), Bastard mahogany (Batonia apetala of the West Indies), Indian mahogany (Cedrela …

MAI
<abbreviation> Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare. ... See: Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maid
1. An unmarried woman; usually, a young unmarried woman; especially, a girl; a virgin; a maiden. 'Would I had died a maid, And never seen thee, never borne thee son.' (Shak) 'Can a maid forget her ornaments, or a bride her attire? yet my people have forgotten me.' (Jer. Ii. 32) ... 2. A man who has not had sexual intercourse. 'Christ was a maid and …

maiden
1. An unmarried woman; a girl or woman who has not experienced sexual intercourse; a virgin; a maid. 'She employed the residue of her life to repairing of highways, building of bridges, and endowing of maidens.' (Carew) 'A maiden of our century, yet most meek.' (Tennyson) ... 2. A female servant. ... 3. An instrument resembling the guillotine, former …

maidenhead
An obsolete term for the intact hymen of a virgin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maidism
Synonym: pellagra. ... Origin: Zea mays, maise ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Maier
Rudolf, German physician, 1824-1888. ... See: Maier's sinus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mail
1. A bag; a wallet. ... 2. The bag or bags with the letters, papers, papers, or other matter contained therein, conveyed under public authority from one post office to another; the whole system of appliances used by government in the conveyance and delivery of mail matter. 'There is a mail come in to-day, with letters dated Hague.' (Tatler) ... 3. Th …

maillard reaction
One of a group of nonenzymatic reactions in which aldehydes, ketones, or reducing sugars react with amino acids, peptides, or proteins. Food browning reactions, such as those that occur with cooking of meats, and also food deterioration reactions, resulting in decreased nutritional value and colour changes, are attributed to this reaction type. The …

maim
To disable or cripple by an injury. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

main
1. Very or extremely strong. 'That current with main fury ran.' (Daniel) ... 2. Vast; huge. 'The main abyss.' ... 3. Unqualified; absolute; entire; sheer. 'It's a man untruth.' . ... 4. Principal; chief; first in size, rank, importance, etc. 'Our main interest is to be happy as we can.' (Tillotson) ... 5. Important; necessary. 'That which thou aright B …

main d'accoucheur
Synonym for accoucheur's hand ... Position of the hand in tetany or in muscular dystrophy; the fingers are flexed at the metacarpophalangeal joints and extended at the phalangeal joints, with the thumb flexed and adducted into the palm; in resemblance to the position of the physician's hand in making a vaginal examination. ... Synonym: main d'accouch …

main en crochet
A permanent flexure of the fourth and fifth fingers, resembling the hand of a woman crocheting with three fingers bent to guide the thread. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

main en griffe
Synonym for clawhand ... Atrophy of the interosseous muscles of the hand with hyperextension of the metacarpophalangeal joints and flexion of the interphalangeal joints. ... Synonym: main en griffe. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

main en lorgnette
Synonym for opera-glass hand ... A deformity of the hand seen in chronic absorptive arthritis, the fingers and wrists being shortened and the covering skin wrinkled into transverse folds; the phalanges appear to be retracted into one another like an opera glass or miniature telescope. ... Synonym: main en lorgnette. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

main fourchee
Synonym for cleft hand ... A congenital deformity in which the division between the fingers, especially between the third and fourth, extends into the metacarpal region. ... See: lobster-claw deformity. ... Synonym: main fourchee, split hand. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

main succulente
Synonym for Marinesco's succulent hand ... Oedema of the hand with coldness and lividity of the skin, observed in syringomyelia. ... Synonym: main succulente. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mainframe
A large digital computer, such as would be used in a hospital for information management. ... Compare: mini. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mainstreaming
Providing the least restrictive environment (socially, physically, and educationally) for chronically disabled individuals by introducing them into the natural environment rather than segregating them into homogeneous groups living in sheltered environments under constant supervision. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maintain
1. To hold or keep in any particular state or condition; to support; to sustain; to uphold; to keep up; not to suffer to fail or decline; as, to maintain a certain degree of heat in a furnace; to maintain a fence or a railroad; to maintain the digestive process or powers of the stomach; to maintain the fertility of soil; to maintain present reputat …

maintainer
A device utilised to hold or keep teeth in a given position. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maintenance
The upkeep of property or equipment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

maintenance dose
Synonym for maintenance drug therapy ... In chemotherapy, systematic dosage at a level that maintains protection against exacerbation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maintenance drug therapy
In chemotherapy, systematic dosage at a level that maintains protection against exacerbation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maintenance medication
Medication taken to stabilise an illness or symptoms of illness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maintenance therapy
Extended drug therapy, usually at a diminished dose, administered after a disease has been brought under control. Maintenance therapy is utilised when a complete cure is not possible, and a disease is likely to recur if therapy is halted. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

maintenance treatment
Treatment given for a period of months or years to maintain remission and eliminate any residual leukaemic cells in the body, usually for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

maise factor
Synonym for zeatin ... <molecular biology, plant biology> A naturally occurring cytokinin, originally isolated from maize seeds. Its riboside is also a cytokinin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

maise oil
Synonym for corn oil ... <chemical> Oil from corn or corn plant. ... Chemical name: Corn oil ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

maisonneuve fracture
<radiology> Components: fracture of the proximal third of the fibula, rupture of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis associated with: fracture of the tibia, rupture of the deltoid ligament caused by an abduction and external rotation force applied to the ankle which forces the talus laterally against the fibula ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Maissiat, Jacques
<person> French anatomist, 1805-1878. ... See: Maissiat's band. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Maissiat's band
Synonym for iliotibial tract ... A fibrous reinforcement of the fascia lata on the lateral surface of the thigh, extending from the crest of the ilium to the lateral condyle of the tibia. ... Synonym: tractus iliotibialis, iliotibial band, Maissiat's band. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maize
<botany> A large species of American grass of the genus Zea (Z. Mays), widely cultivated as a forage and food plant; Indian corn. Also, its seed, growing on cobs, and used as food for men animals. ... <zoology> Maize eater, a South American bird of the genus Pseudoleistes, allied to the troupials. Maize yellow, a delicate pale yellow. …

Majocchi granulomas
Erythematous papules due to a deep follicular fungal infection with rupture of the hair follicles; most frequently seen on shaved legs of women. ... Synonym: tinea profunda. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Majocchi, Domenico
<person> Italian dermatologist, 1849-1929. ... See: Majocchi granulomas, Majocchi's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Majocchi's disease
Synonym for purpura annularis telangiectodes ... Asymptomatic annular lesions, principally of the lower extremities of adolescent males, in which the peripheral portion is composed of purpura or petechiae with brawny staining of haemosiderin deposits and minute telangiectasia. ... Synonym: Majocchi's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

major
Larger or greater in size of two similar structures. ... Origin: L. Comparative of magnus, great ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

major agglutinin
Immune agglutinin present in greatest quantity in an antiserum and evoked by the most dominant of a mosaic of antigens. ... Synonym: chief agglutinin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

major amblyoscope
<instrument> An amblyoscope in which intensity of illumination as well as targets may be varied. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

major amputation
Amputation of the lower or upper extremity above the ankle or the wrist, respectively. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

major calices
The primary subdivisions of the renal pelvis, usually two or three in number. ... Synonym: calices renales majores. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

major connector
A plate or bar (lingual bar, palatal bar) used for the purpose of uniting partial denture bases. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...