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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

crenulate
Minutely scalloped. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

creola bodies
Large compact clusters of ciliated columnar cells found in the sputum of some asthmatic patients. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

creophagy
Creophagism ... Carnivorousness;flesh-eating. ... Origin: G. Kreas, flesh, + phago, to eat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

creosol
2-Methoxy-p-cresol;a slightly yellowish aromatic liquid distilled from guaiac or from beechwood tar; a constituent of creosote. ... Compare: cresol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

creosote
<chemical> Chemical name: Creosote, wood ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

crepitant
1. Relating to or characterised by crepitation. ... 2. Denoting a fine bubbling noise (rale) produced by air entering fluid in lung tissue; heard in pneumonia and in certain other conditions. ... 3. The sensation imparted to the palpating finger by gas or air in the subcutaneous tissues. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crepitant rale
A fine bubbling or crackling sound produced by air mixing with very thin secretions in the smaller bronchial tubes. ... Synonym: vesicular rale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crepitation
<clinical sign, orthopaedics> The spongy quality one appreciates on palpation (feeling with the open hand) of a fracture site (broken bones). This physical finding can be a clue that a fracture exists. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

crepitus
<clinical sign, orthopaedics> A crinkly, crackling or grating feeling or sound in the joints, skin or lungs. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

crepuscular
Pertaining to a twilight state of consciousness. ... Origin: L. Crepusculum, twilight ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crescendo angina
Angina pectoris that occurs with increasing frequency, intensity, or duration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crescendo murmur
A murmur that increases in intensity and suddenly ceases; the presystolic murmur of mitral stenosis is a common example. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crescendo sleep
Normal sleep, marked by a gradual increase in movements of the sleeper during the course of the night. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crescent
1. Any figure of the shape of the moon in its first quarter. ... 2. The figure made by the gray columns or cornua on cross-section of the spinal cord. ... Synonym: malarial crescent. ... Origin: L. Cresco, pp. Cretus, to grow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crescent cell
Synonym for sickle cell ... <haematology, pathology> An erythrocyte that changes from the normal discoid shape to a sickled shape when the oxygen tension is low. ... The pesence of these cells indicates that the patient is homozygotes for the allele that codes for haemoglobin S and that the patient has sickle cell anaemia. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

crescent cell anaemia
Synonym for sickle cell anaemia ... <haematology> Disease common in races of people from areas in which malaria is endemic. ... The cause is a point mutation in the allele that codes for the beta chain of haemoglobin with a substitution of (valine for glutamic acid at position 6. The defective haemoglobin (HbS) crystallizes readily at low oxyge …

crescentic
Shaped like a crescent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crescentic glomerulonephritis
<nephrology, pathology> A relatively uncommon (affecting 1 out of 10,000 people) form of acute glomerulonephritis that results in damage within the glomerulus of the kidney. There is rapid loss of kidney function with the formation of crescents on microscopic analysis (kidney biopsy). This disorder may result in acute glomerulonephritis or ne …

crescograph
A device for recording the degree and rate of growth. ... Origin: L. Cresco, to grow, + G. Grapho, to draw or write ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cresol
HO-C6H4-CH3; hydroxytoluene; methylphenol;a mixture of the three isomeric cresols, o-, m-, and p-cresol, obtained from coal tar. Its properties are similar to those of phenol, but it is less poisonous; used as an antiseptic and disinfectant. ... Synonym: tricresol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cresol red
<chemical> A reddish-brown powder which can be dissolved in water or alcohol that has the chemical formula of C21H18O5S. The dissolved compound has different colours depending on the pH, when the pH is 7.2 it is yellow, when the pH is 8.8 it is red, and when the pH is 2-3 it is orangish. As a result, it is used as an acid-base indicator. It i …

cresolase
Synonym for monophenol monooxygenase ... <enzyme> An enzyme of the oxidoreductase class that catalyses the reaction between l-tyrosine, l-dopa, and oxygen to yield l-dopa, dopaquinone, and water. It is a copper protein that acts also on catechols, catalyzing some of the same reactions as catechol oxidase. ... Chemical name: Monophenol,L-dopa:ox …

crest
1. A ridge, especially a bony ridge. ... See: crista. ... 2. The ridge of the neck of a male animal, especially of a stallion or bull. ... 3. Feathers on the top of a bird's head, or fin rays on the top of a fish's head. ... Synonym: crista. ... Origin: L. Crista ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crest of alveolar ridge
The top of the alveolar ridge or residual ridge; the highest continuous surface of the ridge, but not necessarily the centre of the ridge. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crest of cochlear opening
Synonym for crest of fenestrae cochleae ... The edge of the opening of the cochlear window to which the secondary tympanic membrane is attached. ... Synonym: crista fenestrae cochleae, crest of cochlear opening. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crest of fenestrae cochleae
The edge of the opening of the cochlear window to which the secondary tympanic membrane is attached. ... Synonym: crista fenestrae cochleae, crest of cochlear opening. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crest of greater tubercle
The ridge below the greater tubercle of the humerus into which the pectoralis major muscle inserts. ... Synonym: crista tuberculi majoris, bicipital ridges, pectoral ridge. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crest of head of rib
The ridge that separates the superior and inferior articular surfaces of the head of a rib. ... Synonym: crista capitis costae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crest of lesser tubercle
The ridge below the lesser tubercle of the humerus into which the teres major muscle inserts. ... Synonym: crista tuberculi minoris, bicipital ridges. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crest of neck of rib
The sharp upper margin of the neck of a rib. ... Synonym: crista colli costae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crest of palatine bone
A transverse ridge near the posterior border of the bony palate, located on the inferior surface of the horizontal plate of the palatine bone. ... Synonym: crista palatina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crest of scapular spine
The posterior subcutaneous border of the spine of the scapula that expands in its medial part into a smooth triangular area. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

CREST syndrome
<syndrome> A variant of scleroderma that is characterised by the following: Calcinosis, Raynaud's disease, oesophageal motility disorder, sclerodactyly and telangiectasia. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

cresta
A small membranous organelle characteristic of certain flagellate protozoa, located near the pelta and seen in the living organism as an independently moving structure. ... Origin: L. Crispus, trembling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crests of nail bed
The numerous longitudinal ridges of the nail bed distal to the lunula. ... Synonym: cristae matricis unguis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cresyl blue
C17H20N3OCl; Aminodimethylaminoethyldiphenazonium chloride;a basic oxazin dye used for staining the reticulum in young erythrocytes (reticulocytes); also used in vital staining and as a selective stain for gastric surface epithelial mucin and other acid mucopolysaccharides. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cresyl echt
A metachromatic basic oxazin dye, C19H18N3O-Cl, closely related to cresyl violet acetate and used for the same purposes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cresyl violet acetate
A metachromatic basic oxazin dye, C18H15N3O3, used as a stain for nuclei and Nissl substance; related to German derived dye known as cresyl echt violet or cresyl fast violet. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cresylate
A salt of cresylic acid, or cresol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

creta
Synonym: calcium carbonate. ... Origin: L. Orig. Adj. Fr. Creta, Crete, i.e. Cretan earth, chalk ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cretin
An individual exhibiting cretinism. ... Origin: Fr. Cretin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cretinism
<endocrinology, paediatrics> Stunted body growth and mental development appearing in the first years of life resulting the inappropriate development of the thymus gland or inadequate maternal intake of iodine during gestation. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

cretinistic
Synonym for cretinous ... Relating to cretinism or a cretin; affected with cretinism. ... Synonym: cretinistic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cretinoid
Resembling a cretin; presenting symptoms similar to those of cretinism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cretinous
Relating to cretinism or a cretin; affected with cretinism. ... Synonym: cretinistic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Creutzfeld Jacob disease
<disease, virology> Rare fatal pre senile dementia of humans, similar to kuru and other slow viruses. ... Method of transmission unknown. Will induce neurological disorder in goats 3-4 years after inoculation with CJD brain extract. Classified pathologically as a subacute spongiform encephalopathy. ... See: Prions. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

creutzfeldt-jakob disease
<infectious disease> A very rare form of encephalopathy thought to be caused by a virus (slow-virus), termed a prion. There is little known about the mode of transmission. Human to human transmission has occurred through the use of contaminated brain electrodes and transplantation of infected tissues. The agent can be recovered in the CSF of …

creutzfeldt-jakob syndrome
<syndrome> A rare, usually fatal, transmissible encephalopathy occurring in middle life, in which there is partial degeneration of the pyramidal and extrapyramidal systems accompanied by progressive dementia and sometimes muscle wasting, tremor, athetosis, and spastic dysarthria. A familial form has been shown to exhibit autosomal dominant in …

Creutzfeldt, Hans Gerhard
<person> German neuropsychiatrist, 1885-1964. ... See: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crevice
A crack or small fissure, especially in a solid substance. ... Origin: Fr. Crevasse ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crevicular
1. Relating to any crevice. ... 2. In dentistry, relating especially to the gingival crevice or sulcus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crevicular epithelium
The stratified squamous epithelium lining the inner aspect of the soft tissue wall of the gingival sulcus. ... Synonym: sulcular epithelium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crevicular fluid
Synonym for gingival fluid ... Fluid containing plasma proteins, which is present in increasing amounts in association with gingival inflammation. ... Synonym: crevicular fluid, sulcular fluid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

CRF
<abbreviation> Corticotropin releasing factor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

CRH
<abbreviation> Corticotropin releasing hormone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cri-du-chat syndrome
<paediatrics, syndrome> A congenital human syndrome caused by the loss of part of the short arm of Chromosome 5. ... The syndrome gets its name from the peculiar cry of afflicted infants, which sounds like the meowing of a cat. The syndrome causes severe retardation and various congenital malformations. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

crib death
Synonym for sudden infant death syndrome ... <syndrome> May affect infants of any age, but some risk factors have been identified: term infants who have had a life-threatening period of apnoea (not breathing), premature infants of low birth weight, siblings of infants who have succumbed to sudden infant death syndrome and infants of substance …

crib-biting
A behaviour disorder of horses in which the animal grasps the edge of a convenient fixture and presses down, raising the floor of its mouth, forcing the soft palate open, and sometimes swallowing air. ... See: aerophagia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cribber
A horse suffering from crib-biting. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cribra
Plural of cribrum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cribrate
Synonym for cribriform ... Sievelike; containing many perforations. ... Synonym: cribrate, polyporous. ... Origin: L. Cribrum, a sieve, + forma, form ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cribration
1. Sifting; passing through a sieve. ... 2. The condition of being cribrate or numerously pitted or punctured. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cribriform
Sievelike; containing many perforations. ... Synonym: cribrate, polyporous. ... Origin: L. Cribrum, a sieve, + forma, form ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cribriform fascia
The part of the superficial fascia of the thigh that covers the saphenous opening. ... Synonym: fascia cribrosa, Hesselbach's fascia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cribriform hymen
A hymen with a number of small perforations. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cribriform plate of ethmoid bone
A horizontal lamina from which are suspended the labyrinth, on either side, and the lamina perpendicularis in the centre; it fits into the ethmoidal notch of the frontal bone and supports the olfactory lobes of the cerebrum, being pierced with numerous openings for the passage of the olfactory nerves. ... Synonym: lamina cribrosa ossis ethmoidalis, …

cribrous lamina
Synonym for lamina cribrosa sclerae ... The portion of the sclera through which pass the fibres of the optic nerve. ... Synonym: cribrous lamina, perforated layer of sclera. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cribrum
Synonym: cribriform plate of ethmoid bone. ... Origin: L. A sieve ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Cricetinae
A subfamily of rodents (family Muridae) that includes the hamsters and the native American rats. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cricetulus
A genus of the family muridae consisting of eleven species. C. Migratorius, the grey or armenian hamster, and c. Griseus, the chinese hamster, are the two species used in biomedical research. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Cricetus
One of four genera of hamsters; Cricetus cricetus is used extensively as a research animal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Crichton-Browne
Sir James, English physician, 1840-1938. ... See: Crichton-Browne's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Crichton-Browne's sign
<clinical sign> A slight tremor at the angles of the mouth and at the outer canthus of each eye in general paresis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Crick
Francis H.C., British biochemist and Nobel laureate, *1916. ... See: Watson-Crick helix. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Crick, Francis
<person> An English biologist born in 1916 who was one of three people to win the Nobel Prize in 1962 for the category of physiology or medicine. He and James Watson, an American biochemist and alumnus of Indiana University, discovered the double-stranded helix structure of the DNA molecule and built the Watson-Crick model of this structure.< …

cricoarytenoid
Relating to the cricoid and arytenoid cartilages. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cricoarytenoid articular capsule
The capsule enclosing the joint between the arytenoid and cricoid cartilages. ... Synonym: capsula articularis cricoarytenoidea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cricoarytenoid articulation
Synonym for cricoarytenoid joint ... The synovial joint between the base of each arytenoid cartilage and the upper border of the lamina of the cricoid cartilage. ... Synonym: articulatio cricoarytenoidea, cricoarytenoid articulation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cricoarytenoid joint
The synovial joint between the base of each arytenoid cartilage and the upper border of the lamina of the cricoid cartilage. ... Synonym: articulatio cricoarytenoidea, cricoarytenoid articulation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cricoarytenoideus
See: lateral cricoarytenoid muscle, posterior cricoarytenoid muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cricoesophageal tendon
Longitudinal fibre of the oesophagus that attaches to the posterior aspect of the cricoid cartilage of the larynx. ... Synonym: tendo cricoesophageus, Gillette's suspensory ligament, suspensory ligament of oesophagus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cricoid
Ring-shaped;denoting the cricoid cartilage. ... Origin: L. Cricoideus, fr. G. Krikos, a ring, + eidos, form ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cricoid cartilage
<anatomy> The lower most of the laryngeal cartilages, may be palpated just below the thyroid prominence Adjacent the cricoid cartilage and the first tracheal ring is the cricothyroid membrane, a site used for rapid emergency airway access (cricothyroidotomy). ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

cricoidynia
Pain in the cricoid. ... Origin: cricoid + G. Odyne, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cricopharyngeal
Relating to the cricoid cartilage and the pharynx; a part of the inferior constrictor muscle of the pharynx. ... See: inferior constrictor muscle of pharynx. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cricopharyngeal ligament
<anatomy> An elastic band connecting the tip of the corniculate (Santorini's) cartilage and the lamina of the cricoid cartilage and continuing into the pharyngeal mucosa covering the cricoid lamina. ... Synonym: ligamentum cricopharyngeum, corniculopharyngeal ligament, cricosantorinian ligament, jugal ligament, ligamentum corniculopharyngeum, …

cricopharyngeal myotomy
<procedure> Division of the cephalad portion of the cricopharyngeus muscle, usually for treatment of Zenker's oesophageal diverticulum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cricopharyngeus muscle
<anatomy, muscle> This is the horizontal muscle located at the top of the oesophagus. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

cricosantorinian ligament
Synonym for cricopharyngeal ligament ... <anatomy> An elastic band connecting the tip of the corniculate (Santorini's) cartilage and the lamina of the cricoid cartilage and continuing into the pharyngeal mucosa covering the cricoid lamina. ... Synonym: ligamentum cricopharyngeum, corniculopharyngeal ligament, cricosantorinian ligament, jugal li …

cricothyroid
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, anterior surface of arch of cricoid; insertion, the anterior or straight part passes upward to ala of thyroid; the posterior or oblique part passes more outward to inferior horn of thyroid; action, makes vocal folds tense increasing the pitch of voice tone; nerve supply, external laryngeal branch of superior laryngea …

cricothyroid artery
<anatomy, artery> A small branch of the superior thyroid artery that supplies the cricothyroid muscle. ... Synonym: ramus cricothyroideus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cricothyroid articular capsule
The capsule enclosing the cricothyroid joint. ... Synonym: capsula articularis cricothyroidea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cricothyroid articulation
Synonym for cricothyroid joint ... The synovial articulation between the inferior horn of the thyroid cartilage and the side of the cricoid cartilage. ... Synonym: articulatio cricothyroidea, cricothyroid articulation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cricothyroid joint
The synovial articulation between the inferior horn of the thyroid cartilage and the side of the cricoid cartilage. ... Synonym: articulatio cricothyroidea, cricothyroid articulation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cricothyroid ligament
<anatomy> The strong band that connects the cricoid and thyroid cartilages in the midline anteriorly; it is continuous posteriorly with the conus elasticus. ... Synonym: conus elasticus, ligamentum cricothyroideum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cricothyroid membrane
<anatomy> An elastic membrane which lies anteriorly in the neck adjacent the cricoid cartilage and the first tracheal ring. This is the membrane which is pierced or incised when performing a cricothyroidotomy. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

cricothyroideus
See: cricothyroid muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cricothyroidotomy
<procedure, surgery> An emergency procedure where a cut or passageway is made in the cricothyroid membrane. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

cricothyrotomy
<procedure> Incision through the skin and cricothyroid membrane for relief of respiratory obstruction; used prior to or in place of tracheotomy in certain emergency respiratory obstructions. ... Synonym: coniotomy, cricothyroidotomy, inferior laryngotomy, intercricothyrotomy. ... Origin: cricoid + thyroid + G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) …

cricotomy
<procedure> Division of the cricoid cartilage, as in cricoid split, to enlarge the subglottic airway. ... Origin: cricoid + G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...