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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

cricotracheal ligament
<anatomy> A midline fibrous band connecting the cricoid cartilage with the first ring of the trachea. ... Synonym: ligamentum cricotracheale, cricotracheal membrane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cricotracheal membrane
Synonym for cricotracheal ligament ... <anatomy> A midline fibrous band connecting the cricoid cartilage with the first ring of the trachea. ... Synonym: ligamentum cricotracheale, cricotracheal membrane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cricovocal membrane
Synonym for conus elasticus ... Thicker lower portion of the elastic membrane of the larynx, extending between the cricoid cartilage and the vocal ligaments, the latter actually being a thickening of the free, superior margin of the conus elasticus. ... Synonym: cricovocal membrane, elastic cone. ... Synonym: cricothyroid ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) …

Crigler
John F., U.S. Physician, *1919. ... See: Crigler-Najjar disease, Crigler-Najjar syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Crigler-Najjar disease
Synonym for Crigler-Najjar syndrome ... <syndrome> A rare genetic defect (autosomal recessive) where there is the inability to form bilirubin glucuronide due to the absence of the enzyme bilirubin-glucuronoside glucuronosyl transferase, finding include jaundice and irreversible brain damage in the severe form. ... Inheritance: autosomal recessi …

Crigler-Najjar syndrome
<syndrome> A rare genetic defect (autosomal recessive) where there is the inability to form bilirubin glucuronide due to the absence of the enzyme bilirubin-glucuronoside glucuronosyl transferase, finding include jaundice and irreversible brain damage in the severe form. ... Inheritance: autosomal recessive. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

Crile
George W., U.S. Surgeon, 1864-1943. ... See: Crile's clamp. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Crile's clamp
A clamp for temporary stoppage of blood flow. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crime
A violation of the criminal law, i.e., a breach of the conduct code specifically sanctioned by the state, which through its administrative agencies prosecutes offenders and imposes and administers punishments. The concept includes unacceptable actions whether prosecuted or going unpunished. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

crime victims
Individuals subjected to and adversely affected by criminal activity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Crimean fever
Synonym for boutonneuse fever ... A febrile disease of the mediterranean area, the crimea, africa, and india, caused by infection with rickettsia conorii. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever
A form of haemorrhagic fever distinct from Omsk haemorrhagic fever, occurring in central Russia, transmitted by species of the tick Hyalomma, and caused by Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus, a member of the Bunyaviridae family; horses are the chief reservoir of human infection; characterised by abrupt onset, high fever, headache, myalgia, wide …

criminal abortion
Termination of pregnancy without legal justification. ... Synonym: illegal abortion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

criminal anthropology
Anthropology in relation to the physical and mental characteristics, heredity, and social relations of the criminal. ... See: criminology. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

criminal hygiene
An obsolete term for the branch of mental hygiene or penology devoted to the study of the causes and prevention of criminality and the treatment of criminals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

criminal insanity
In forensic psychiatry, a term that describes the degree of mental competence and that is defined by such currently applicable legal precedents as the American Law Institute rule, Durham rule, M'Naghten rule, and the New Hampshire rule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

criminal law
A branch of law that defines criminal offenses, regulates the apprehension, charging and trial of suspected persons, and fixes the penalties and modes of treatment applicable to convicted offenders. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

criminal psychology
The branch of psychology which investigates the psychology of crime with particular reference to the personality factors of the criminal. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

criminology
The study of crime and criminals with special reference to the personality factors and social conditions leading toward, or away from crime. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

crinin
Old term for a substance that will stimulate the production of secretions by specific glands. ... Origin: G. Krino, to secrete, + -in ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crinis
Synonym: pilus. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crinogenic
Causing secretion; stimulating a gland to increased function. ... Origin: G. Krino, to separate, + -gen, to produce ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crinophagy
<cell biology> Digestion of the contents of secretory granules following their fusion with lysosomes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

crippled
Denoting a person who, owing to a physical defect or injury, is partially or completely disabled. ... Origin: A.S. Creopan, to creep ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crippled strain
<microbiology> A strain of bacteria, typically highly pathogenic, that has been genetically engineered so that it cannot survive on anything but a veryspecialised medium of nutrients, this is done so that geneticists can experiment on certain pathogens without the risk that they will escape fromthe lab. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

crisis
A sudden paroxysmal intensification of symptoms in the course of a disease. ... Origin: L., Gr. Krisis ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

crisis intervention
Brief therapeutic approach which is ameliorative rather than curative of acute psychiatric emergencies. Used in contexts such as emergency rooms of psychiatric or general hospitals, or in the home or place of crisis occurence, this treatment approach focuses on interpersonal and intrapsychic factors and environmental modification. ... (12 Dec 1998)< …

crisis period
A situation in which most of the secondary cells in a culture die off, even though conditions exist which should normally be favorable for their growth. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

crispation
1. A 'creepy' sensation due to slight, fibrillary muscular contractions. ... 2. Retraction of a divided artery or of muscular fibres or other tissues when cut across. ... Origin: L. Crispo, pp. -atus, to curl ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crisscross heart
Cardiac malformation characterised by an atrioventricular spatial relation that places or appears to place each ventricle in a contralateral position relative to its associated atrium. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

crista
Synonym: crest. ... Origin: L. Crest ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista ampullaris
Synonym for ampullary crest ... An elevation on the inner surface of the ampulla of each semicircular duct; filaments of the vestibular nerve pass through the crista to reach hair cells on its surface; the hair cells are capped by the cupula, a gelatinous protein-polysaccharide mass. ... Synonym: crista ampullaris, acoustic crest, transverse septum.< …

crista basilaris ductus cochlearis
Synonym for basilar crest of cochlear duct ... An inward projection of the spiral ligament of the cochlea to which is attached the basilar membrane forming the floor of the cochlear duct. ... Synonym: crista basilaris ductus cochlearis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista buccinatoria
Synonym for buccinator crest ... A ridge passing from the base of the coronoid process of the mandible to the region of the last molar tooth; it gives attachment to the mandibular part of the buccinator muscle. ... Synonym: crista buccinatoria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista capitis costae
Synonym for crest of head of rib ... The ridge that separates the superior and inferior articular surfaces of the head of a rib. ... Synonym: crista capitis costae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista colli costae
Synonym for crest of neck of rib ... The sharp upper margin of the neck of a rib. ... Synonym: crista colli costae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista conchalis
Synonym for conchal crest ... Bony ridge which articulates with, or provides attachment for, the inferior nasal concha. ... See: conchal crest of maxilla, conchal crest of palatine bone. ... Synonym: crista conchalis, turbinated crest. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista conchalis maxillae
Synonym for conchal crest of maxilla ... Ridge of the nasal surface of the body of the maxilla that articulates with the inferior nasal concha. ... Synonym: crista conchalis maxillae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista conchalis ossis palatini
Synonym for conchal crest of palatine bone ... The ridge on the nasal surface of the perpendicular part of the palatine bone to which the inferior nasal concha attaches. ... Synonym: crista conchalis ossis palatini. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista dentalis
Synonym for dental crest ... <dentistry> The maxillary ridge on the aleveolar processes of the maxillary bones in the foetus. ... Synonym: crista dentalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista dividens
The lower free edge of the septum secundum, forming the upper margin of the foetal foramen ovale; the limbus of the foramen ovale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista ethmoidalis
Synonym for ethmoidal crest ... Bony ridge which articulates with, or provides attachment for, any part of the ethmoid bone, especially the middle nasal concha. ... See: ethmoidal crest of maxilla, ethmoidal crest of palatine bone. ... Synonym: crista ethmoidalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista ethmoidalis maxillae
Synonym for ethmoidal crest of maxilla ... A ridge on the upper part of the nasal surface of the frontal process of the maxilla that gives attachment to the anterior portion of the middle nasal concha. ... Synonym: crista ethmoidalis maxillae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista ethmoidalis ossis palatini
Synonym for ethmoidal crest of palatine bone ... A ridge on the medial surface of the perpendicular part of the palatine bone to which the middle nasal concha attaches posteriorly. ... Synonym: crista ethmoidalis ossis palatini. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista fenestrae cochleae
Synonym for crest of fenestrae cochleae ... The edge of the opening of the cochlear window to which the secondary tympanic membrane is attached. ... Synonym: crista fenestrae cochleae, crest of cochlear opening. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista frontalis
Synonym for frontal crest ... A ridge arising at the termination of the sagittal sulcus on the cerebral surface of the frontal bone and ending at the foramen caecum. ... Synonym: crista frontalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista galli
The triangular midline process of the ethmoid bone extending superiorly from the cribriform plate; it gives anterior attachment to the falx cerebri. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista glutea
Synonym for gluteal tuberosity ... The point of insertion on the upper portion of the shaft of the femur of the greater part of the gluteus maximus muscle; when markedly developed this tuberosity is called the third trochanter. ... Synonym: trochanter tertius, tuberositas glutea, crista glutea, gluteal crest, gluteal ridge. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista helicis
Synonym for crus of helix ... A transverse ridge continuing backward from the helix of the auricle, dividing the concha into an upper portion (cymba) and a lower portion (cavity of concha). ... Synonym: crus helicis, crista helicis, limb of helix. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista iliaca
Synonym for iliac crest ... <anatomy> The hip bone in which a large quantity of bone marrow is concentrated. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

crista infratemporalis
Synonym for infratemporal crest ... A rough ridge marking the angle of union of the temporal and infratemporal surfaces of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone. ... Synonym: crista infratemporalis, pterygoid ridge of sphenoid bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista intertrochanterica
Synonym for intertrochanteric crest ... The rounded ridge that connects the greater and lesser trochanters of the femur posteriorly and marks the junction of the neck and shaft of the bone. ... Synonym: crista intertrochanterica, trochanteric crest. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista lacrimalis anterior
Synonym for anterior lacrimal crest ... A vertical ridge on the lateral surface of the frontal process of the maxilla that forms part of the medial rim of the orbit. ... Synonym: crista lacrimalis anterior. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista lacrimalis posterior
Synonym for posterior lacrimal crest ... A vertical ridge on the orbital surface of the lacrimal bone which, together with the anterior lacrimal crest, bounds the fossa for the lacrimal sac. ... Synonym: crista lacrimalis posterior. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista marginalis
Synonym for marginal crest ... The rounded borders which form the mesial and distal margins of the occlusal surface of a tooth. ... Synonym: crista marginalis, marginal ridge. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista medialis fibulae
Synonym for medial crest of fibula ... A ridge of bone, on the posterior surface of the fibula, separating the attachment of the posterior tibial muscle from that of the flexor hallucis longus and soleus muscles. ... Synonym: crista medialis fibulae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista musculi supinatoris
Synonym for supinator crest ... Crest of supinator muscle, the proximal part of the interosseous border of the ulna from which a portion of the supinator muscle takes origin. ... Synonym: crista musculi supinatoris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista nasalis
Synonym for nasal crest ... The midline ridge in the floor of the nasal cavity, formed by the union of the paired maxillae and palatine bones; the vomer attaches to the crest. ... Synonym: crista nasalis, semicrista incisiva. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista obturatoria
Synonym for obturator crest ... A ridge that extends from the pubic tubercle to the acetabular notch, giving attachment to the pubofemoral ligament of the hip joint. ... Synonym: crista obturatoria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista occipitalis externa
Synonym for external occipital crest ... A ridge extending from the external occipital protuberance to the border of the foramen magnum. ... Synonym: crista occipitalis externa, linea nuchae mediana. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista occipitalis interna
Synonym for internal occipital crest ... A ridge running from the internal occipital protuberance to the posterior margin of the foramen magnum, giving attachment to the falx cerebelli. ... Synonym: crista occipitalis interna. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista palatina
Synonym for crest of palatine bone ... A transverse ridge near the posterior border of the bony palate, located on the inferior surface of the horizontal plate of the palatine bone. ... Synonym: crista palatina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista phallica
Synonym for urethral crest of male ... A longitudinal fold on the posterior wall of the urethra extending from the uvula of the bladder through the prostatic urethra; prominent in its midportion is the seminal colliculus. ... Synonym: crista phallica, crista urethralis masculinae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista pubica
Synonym for pubic crest ... The rough anterior border of the body of the pubis, continuous laterally with the pubic tubercle. ... Synonym: crista pubica. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista quarta
A ridge that projects into the posterior end of the lateral semicircular duct of the labyrinth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista sacralis
Synonym for sacral crest ... One of three rough irregular ridges on the posterior surface of the sacrum; median sacral crest; lateral sacral crests. ... Synonym: crista sacralis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista sacralis mediana
Synonym for median sacral crest ... An unpaired crest formed by the fused spinous processes of the upper four sacral vertebrae. ... Synonym: crista sacralis mediana. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista sphenoidalis
Synonym for sphenoid crest ... A vertical ridge in the midline of the anterior surface of the sphenoid bone that articulates with the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone. ... Synonym: crista sphenoidalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista spiralis
Synonym for spiral ligament of cochlea ... The thickened periosteal lining of the bony cochlea forming the outer wall of the cochlear duct to which the basal lamina attaches. ... Synonym: crista spiralis, ligamentum spirale cochleae, spiral crest. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista supracondylaris lateralis
Synonym for lateral supracondylar ridge ... The distal sharp portion of the lateral margin of the humerus. ... Synonym: crista supracondylaris lateralis, lateral epicondylar crest, lateral epicondylar ridge, lateral supracondylar crest. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista supracondylaris medialis
Synonym for medial supracondylar ridge ... The distal sharp portion of the medial margin of the humerus. ... Synonym: crista supracondylaris medialis, medial epicondylar crest, medial epicondylar ridge, medial supracondylar crest. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista supramastoidea
Synonym for supramastoid crest ... The ridge that forms the posterior root of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone. ... Synonym: crista supramastoidea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista supraventricularis
Synonym for supraventricular crest ... The internal muscular ridge that separates the conus arteriosus from the remaining part of the cavity of the right ventricle of the heart. ... Synonym: crista supraventricularis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista terminalis
A vertical crest on the interior wall of the right atrium that lies to the right of the sinus of the vena cava and separates this from the remainder of the right atrium. ... Synonym: tenia terminalis, terminal crest. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista transversa
Synonym for transverse crest of internal acoustic meatus ... A horizontal ridge that divides the fundus of the internal acoustic meatus into a superior and an inferior area. In the former are the introitus of the facial canal and openings for the branches of the vestibular nerve to the utricle and to the ampullae of the anterior and lateral semicirc …

crista transversalis
A crest or ridge on the occlusal surface of a tooth formed by the union of two triangular crests. ... Synonym: transverse crest, transverse ridge. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista triangularis
A crest or ridge which extends from the apex of a cusp of a premolar or molar tooth toward the central part of the occlusal surface. ... Synonym: triangular crest, triangular ridge. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista tuberculi majoris
Synonym for crest of greater tubercle ... The ridge below the greater tubercle of the humerus into which the pectoralis major muscle inserts. ... Synonym: crista tuberculi majoris, bicipital ridges, pectoral ridge. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista tuberculi minoris
Synonym for crest of lesser tubercle ... The ridge below the lesser tubercle of the humerus into which the teres major muscle inserts. ... Synonym: crista tuberculi minoris, bicipital ridges. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista urethralis
Synonym for urethral crest ... Longitudinal mucosal fold in the dorsal wall of the urethra. ... See: urethral crest of female, urethral crest of male. ... Synonym: crista urethralis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista urethralis femininae
Synonym for urethral crest of female ... A conspicuous longitudinal fold of mucosa on the posterior wall of the urethra. ... Synonym: crista urethralis femininae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista urethralis masculinae
Synonym for urethral crest of male ... A longitudinal fold on the posterior wall of the urethra extending from the uvula of the bladder through the prostatic urethra; prominent in its midportion is the seminal colliculus. ... Synonym: crista phallica, crista urethralis masculinae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crista vestibuli
Synonym for vestibular crest ... <anatomy> An oblique ridge on the inner wall of the vestibule of the labyrinth, bounding the spherical recess above and posteriorly. ... Synonym: crista vestibuli. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cristae
<cell biology> The folded membranes inside a mitochondrion. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

cristae cutis
Synonym for epidermal ridges ... Ridges of the epidermis of the palms and soles, where the sweat pores open. ... Synonym: cristae cutis, skin ridges. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cristae matricis unguis
Synonym for crests of nail bed ... The numerous longitudinal ridges of the nail bed distal to the lunula. ... Synonym: cristae matricis unguis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cristae of mitochondria
Cristae mitochondriales, shelflike infoldings of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cristae sacrales intermediae
Synonym for intermediate sacral crests ... Crests formed by the fusion of articular processes of all the sacral vertebrae. ... Synonym: articular crests, cristae sacrales intermediae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cristae sacrales laterales
Synonym for lateral sacral crests ... Crests which are rough ridges lying lateral to the sacral foramina; they represent the fused transverse processes of sacral vertebrae. ... Synonym: cristae sacrales laterales. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

criterion
A standard by which something may be judged. ... Origin: Gr. Kriterion = a means for judging ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

criterion-related validity
The degree of effectiveness with which performance on a test or procedure predicts performance in a real-life situation; e.g., a good correlation between a score on an intelligence test such as the Scholastic Aptitude Test and one's 4-year college grade point average. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crithidia
A genus of parasitic protozoans found in the digestive tract of invertebrates, especially insects. Organisms of this genus have an amastigote and choanomastigote stage in their life cycle. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

crithidia fasciculata
A species of monogenetic, parasitic protozoa usually found in insects. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

critical
1. Denoting or of the nature of a crisis. ... 2. Denoting a morbid condition in which death is possible. ... 3. In sufficient quantity as to constitute a turning point. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

critical angle
The angle of incidence at which a ray of light, in passing between two media, changes from refraction to total reflection. ... Synonym: limiting angle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

critical care
Health care provided to a critically ill patient during a medical emergency or crisis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

critical care unit
Synonym for intensive care unit ... A hospital facility for provision of intensive nursing and medical care of critically ill patients, characterised by high quality and quantity of continuous nursing and medical supervision and by use of sophisticated monitoring and resuscitative equipment; may be organised for the care of specific patient groups, …

critical concentration
<chemistry> The minimum concentration of units needed before a biological polymer will form. ... Examples of biopolymers are microtubules from tubulin units, polypeptides from amino acid units, polysaccharides from simple sugar units, etc. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

critical flicker fusion frequency
The minimal number of flashes of light per second at which an intermittent light stimulus no longer stimulates a continuous visual sensation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

critical gradient
<botany> The maximum stable inclination of an unsupported slope under the most adverse conditions that it will likely experience, as determined by current engineering technology. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...