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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


crystallography, X-ray
The study of crystal structure using X-ray diffraction techniques. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

crystalloid
1. Resembling a crystal, or being such. ... 2. A body that in solution can pass through a semipermeable membrane, as distinguished from a colloid, which cannot do so. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crystallophobia
Synonym: hyalophobia. ... Origin: G. Krystallon, crystal, + phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crystalluria
<nephrology> The excretion of crystals in the urine, producing renal irritation. ... Origin: Gr. Ouron = urine ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

crystals
Formations of small irregular solid material often composed of calcium, uric acid and phosphate. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

crytotetany
Synonym for latent tetany ... A rather vague disorder recognised more in Europe than in the U.S. Consisting of a number of non-specific complaints, including generalised weakness, hand and foot cramping, distal paresthesia, anxiety, and depression. Some think it is a 'normocalcaemic tetany'; others consider it 'chronic hyperventilation syndrome.' Ty …

Cs
Symbol for cesium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

CS2 secondary alkylsulfohydrolase
<enzyme> From comamonas terrigena ... Registry number: EC 3.1.6.- ... Synonym: cs2 sa sulfohydrolase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

CSBP kinase
<enzyme> Csaid - cytokine-suppressive anti-inflammatory drug; a mitogen-activating protein kinase involved in the regulation of inflammatory cytokine biosynthesis; csbp1 and csbp2 are two cdnas; genbank l35263 (csbp1) and l35264 (csbp2) ... Pharmacological action: anti-inflammatory agent, non-steroidal ... Registry number: EC 2.7.10.- ... Synony …

CSF
1. Colony-stimulating factor. ... 2. Cerebrospinal fluid. ... (06 Aug 1998) ...

CSF leak
<neurology> The leak of cerebrospinal fluid from the cavities within the brain (ventricles) or the spinal cord. CSF leak is a recognised complication of lumbar puncture. CSF leaks may also be seen after trauma to the head (for example CSF rhinorrhoea, CSF otorrhoea). ... (06 Aug 1998) ...

CSF rhinorrhoea
<orthopaedics> The leakage of a clear fluid out the nose. May be seen in cases of basilar skull fracture. ... (06 Aug 1998) ...

CSI
<abbreviation> Calculus Surface Index. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Csillag
J. ... See: Csillag's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Csillag's disease
Chronic atrophic and lichenoid dermatitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Csk-like protein-tyrosine kinase
<enzyme> Phosphorylates c-terminal conserved tyr of src family members; from mouse brain; has 52% identity with mouse csk; mw 52 kD; genbank u05210 ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- ... Synonym: ctk (kinase), ctk gene product, csk-type protein-tyrosine kinase, ntk (kinase), bhk (kinase) ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

CT
Synonym for computed tomography ... <investigation, procedure, radiology> A special radiographic technique that uses a computer to assimilate multiple X-ray images into a 2 dimentional cross-sectional image. ... This can reveal many soft tissue structures not shown by conventional radiography. Scans may also be dynamic in which a movement of a …

CT number
A normalised value of the calculated X-ray absorption coefficient of a pixel (picture element) in a computed tomogram, expressed in Hounsfield units, where the CT number of air is -1000 and that of water is zero. ... Synonym: Hounsfield number. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

CT scan
Synonym for computed tomography ... <investigation, procedure, radiology> A special radiographic technique that uses a computer to assimilate multiple X-ray images into a 2 dimentional cross-sectional image. ... This can reveal many soft tissue structures not shown by conventional radiography. Scans may also be dynamic in which a movement of a …

CT unit
A unit of X-ray attenuation in each picture element of the CT image. ... See: Hounsfield unit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

CT value
<molecular biology> Concentration of DNA molecules (in moles) multiplied by time. ... The value is used to plot the renaturing (complementary single strands of DNA spontaneously forming into a double-stranded molecule) of DNA after it has been denatured (DNA molecule which has been broken into two individual single strands). ... (26 Mar 1998)
CTD
<abbreviation> Cumulative trauma disorders. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ctenocephalides
A genus of fleas. Ctenocephalides canis (dog flea) and Ctenocephalides felis (cat flea) are nearly universal ectoparasites of household pets; will attack man when starving owing to absence of pets. ... Origin: G. Ktenodes, like a cockle, + kephale, head ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

CTL
<abbreviation> Cytotoxic T lymphocytes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

CTP
<abbreviation> Cytidine 5'-triphosphate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

CTP-RNA cytidylyltransferase
<enzyme> Catalyses addition of cmp residue to 3'-ends of oligonucleotide primers ... Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- ... Synonym: terminal cytidylyltransferase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

Cu
Symbol for copper. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cuba
An island in the greater antilles in the west indies, south of florida. With the adjacent islands it forms the republic of cuba. Its capital is havana. It was discovered by columbus on his first voyage in 1492 and conquered by spain in 1511. It has a varied history under spain, great britain, and the united states but has been independent since 190 …

Cuban itch
Synonym for alastrim ... A mild form of smallpox caused by a less virulent strain of the virus. ... Synonym: Cuban itch, Kaffir pox, milkpox, pseudosmallpox, pseudovariola, variola minor, West Indian smallpox, whitepox. ... Origin: Pg. Alastrar, to scatter over ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cube pessary
Plastic or rubber pessary in a cube shape particularly suitable for elderly women with uterine prolapse. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cubeb
The dried unripe, nearly full-grown fruit of Piper cubeba (family Piperaceae), a climbing plant of the West Indies, used as stimulant, carminative, and local irritant; cubeb oil has been used as a mild urinary antiseptic. ... Origin: Ar. And Hindu, kababa ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cubic niter
Synonym for sodium nitrate ... NaNO3;formerly used for dysentery and as a diuretic. ... Synonym: Chilean saltpeter, cubic niter. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cubital
Relating to the elbow or to the ulna. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cubital bone
Synonym for triquetral bone ... A bone on the medial (ulnar) side of the proximal row of the carpus, articulating with the lunate, pisiform, and hamate. ... Synonym: os triquetrum, cubital bone, os pyramidale, os triangulare, pyramidal bone, pyramidale, three-cornered bone, triquetrum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cubital fossa
The fossa in front of the elbow, bounded laterally and medially by the humeral origins of the extensors and flexors of the forearm, respectively, and superiorly by an imaginary line connecting the humeral condyles. ... Synonym: fossa cubitalis, antecubital space, chelidon, triangle of elbow. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cubital joint
Synonym for elbow joint ... A compound hinge synovial joint between the humerus and the bones of the forearm; it consists of the articulatio humeroradialis and the articulatio humeroulnaris. ... Synonym: articulatio cubiti, cubital joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cubital lymph nodes
Two groups of nodes, superficial and deep, lying along the basilic vein above the medial epicondyle; they receive afferents from the ulnar side of the forearm and hand, and send efferents to the brachial nodes. ... Synonym: nodi lymphatici cubitales, epitrochlear nodes, lymph nodes of elbow. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cubital nerve
Synonym for ulnar nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> A major nerve of the upper extremity. In humans, the fibres of the ulnar nerve originate in the lower cervical and upper thoracic spinal cord (usually c7 to t1), travel via the medial cord of the brachial plexus, and supply sensory and motor innervation to parts of the hand and forearm. ... (12 Dec 1 …

cubitus
Synonym: elbow. ... Synonym: ulna. ... Origin: L. Elbow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cubitus valgus
Deviation of the extended forearm to the outer (radial) side of the axis of the limb. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cubitus varus
Deviation of the extended forearm to the inward (ulnar) side of the axis of the limb. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cuboid
1. Resembling a cube in shape. ... 2. Relating to the os cuboideum. ... Origin: G. Kybos, cube, + eidos, resemblance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cuboid bone
The lateral bone of the distal row of the tarsus, articulating with the calcaneus, lateral cuneiform, navicular (occasionally), and fourth and fifth metatarsal bones. ... Synonym: os cuboideum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cuboidal epithelium
Simple epithelium with cells appearing as cubes in a vertical section but as polyhedra in surface view. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cuboideonavicular joint
A fibrous joint between adjacent parts of the cuboid and navicular bones; occasionally a synovial cavity is found here as an extension of the cuneonavicular joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cuboideonavicular ligaments
Ligament uniting the cuboid bone with the navicular bone. ... See: dorsal cuboideonavicular ligament, plantar cuboideonavicular ligament. ... Synonym: ligamentum cuboideonavicular. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cuboidodigital reflex
Flexion of the toes on tapping over the cuboid bone; almost identical with Guillain-Barre reflex, and fundamentally similar to Rossolimo's reflex. ... Synonym: metatarsal reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cucullate
Hooded, hood-shaped. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

cucumber mosaic virus satellite
A satellite RNA (not a satellite virus) which has several types. Different cucumoviruses can act as helper viruses for different types. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cucumbers
Cucumis sativus, creeping plants of the cucurbitaceae family. They are tender annuals with a rough succulent, trailing stem and hairy leaves with three to five pointed lobes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cucumovirus
A genus of plant viruses of the family bromoviridae, which infect cucurbits and solanaceous plants. Transmission occurs via aphids in a non-persistent manner, and also via seeds. The type species cucumber mosaic virus, a cucumovirus, should not be confused with cucumber green mottle mosaic virus, a tobamovirus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cucurbitaceae
The gourd family of flowering plants that belongs to the order violales. It includes cucumbers, gourds, melons, squashes, and pumpkins. It is sometimes placed in its own order, cucurbitales. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cucurbitacin delta 23-reductase
<enzyme> Catalyses the oxidation of 23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin to cucurbitacin in the presence of NADP+ ... Registry number: EC 1.3.1.5 ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

cudbear
Purple-red colouring agent derived from the lichen Ochrolechia tartarea (family Lecanoraceae) and for the colouring principles from Roccellaceae used for colouring liquid pharmaceutical preparations. ... Synonym: crottle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cue
In conditioning and learning theory, a pattern of stimuli to which an individual has learned or is learning to respond. ... Response-produced cues, successive stimulus cue's in a behaviour chain, each response serving as a reinforcer for the previous response and as a stimulus, or cue, for the next response. ... See: higher order conditioning, behavi …

cues
Signals for an action; that specific portion of a perceptual field or pattern of stimuli to which a subject has learned to respond. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cuff
Any structure shaped like a cuff. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cuffing
1. A perivascular accumulation of various leukocytes seen in infectious, inflammatory, or autoimmune diseases. ... 2. To surround a structure with fluid or cells, as with a cuff; in chest radiography, thickening of bronchial walls on the image. ... Origin: M.E. Cuffe, mitten ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cuirass
The anterior surface of the thorax in relation to symptoms or disease changes. ... Origin: Fr. Cuirasse, a breastplate ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cuirass respirator
One of several types of respirator's producing alternating negative pressure about the thoracic cage; now rarely used. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cul-de-sac
1. A blind pouch or tubular cavity closed at one end; e.g., diverticulum; caecum. ... Synonym: rectouterine pouch. ... Origin: Fr. Bottom of a sack ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cul-de-sac smear
A cytologic specimen of material obtained by aspirating the pouch of Douglas from the posterior vaginal fornix and prepared by smearing, centrifuging, or filtering; used principally for ovarian cancer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

culdocentesis
Aspiration of fluid from the cul-de-sac (rectouterine excavation) by puncture of the vaginal vault near the midline between the uterosacral ligaments. ... Origin: cul-de-sac + G. Kentesis, puncture ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

culdoplasty
Plastic surgery to remedy relaxation of the posterior fornix of the vagina. ... Origin: cul-de-sac + G. Plastos, formed. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

culdoscope
<instrument> Endoscopic instrument used in culdoscopy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

culdoscopy
<procedure> Examination of the internal female pelvic organs through an incision in the vagina. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

culdotomy
1. <procedure> Cutting into the cul-de-sac of Douglas. ... Synonym: vaginal celiotomy. ... Origin: cul-de-sac + G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

culex
A genus of mosquitoes (culicidae) commonly found in tropical regions. Species of this genus are vectors for st. Louis encephalitis (encephalitis, st. Louis) as well as many other diseases of man and domestic and wild animals. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

culicidae
A family of the order diptera that comprises the mosquitoes. The larval stages are aquatic, and the adults can be recognised by the characteristic wing venation, the scales along the wing veins, and the long proboscis. Many species are of particular medical importance. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

culicidal
Destructive to mosquitoes. ... Origin: L. Culex, gnat, + caedo, to kill ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

culicide
An agent that destroys mosquitoes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

culicifuge
1. Driving away gnats and mosquitoes. ... 2. An agent that keeps mosquitoes from biting. ... Origin: L. Culex, gnat + fugo, to drive away ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Culicoides
A genus of minute biting gnats or midges, vectors of several nonpathogenic human filariae (Mansonella, Dipetalonema), of Onchocerca in horses and cattle, and of several viral agents of domestic sheep and fowl. ... Origin: L. Culex, gnat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Culicoides austeni
Species that is an intermediate host of the filarial worm, Mansonella perstans, chiefly in equatorial Africa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Culicoides furens
Species that is a vector of Mansonella ozzardi, in the West Indies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Culicoides milnei
A species that is one of the vectors of Mansonella perstans in West Africa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Culicoides variipennis
A species that is the primary vector of bluetongue virus in the U.S. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

culicosis
Dermatitis caused by Culex mosquitoes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Culiseta melanura
A species of mosquito that is the principal endemic vector of eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus; since this species feeds primarily on birds, other mosquitoes (Aedes spp.) transmit the virus from birds to humans and horses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cull
Any item of production picked out for rejection because it does not meet certain specifications. Chip culls and utility culls are specifically defined for purposes of log grading by percentage of sound wood content. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

cull section
A log cut from a tree that is rejected because of defects making it unsuitable for conventional forest products. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

cull tree
Live saw-timber and pole-timber size trees which do not contain a merchantable sawlog due to poor form, quality, or undesirable species. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

Cullen, Thomas
<person> U.S. Gynecologist, 1868-1953. ... See: Cullen's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Cullen's sign
<clinical sign> Periumbilical darkening of the skin from blood, a sign of intraperitoneal haemorrhage, especially in ruptured ectopic pregnancy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

culm
<plant biology> An aerial stem (in grasses, sedges, rushes, etc.) which bears flowers. ... (06 Aug 1998) ...

culmen
The anterior prominent portion of the monticulus of the vermis of the cerebellum; vermal lobule rostral to the primary fissure. ... Synonym: lobulus culminis. ... Origin: L. Summit ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Culp pyeloplasty
A reconstructive technique for correction of uteropelvic obstruction, whereby a spiral flap of renal pelvis is brought down and interposed into a vertical incision in the ureter. ... See: Scardino vertical flap pyeloplasty. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Culp, Ormond
<person> U.S. Urologist, 1910-1977. ... See: Culp pyeloplasty. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cult
A system of beliefs and rituals based on dogma or religious teachings and characterised by devoted adherents who display a readiness to obey, an unrealistic idealization of the leader, an abandonment of personal ambition and goals, and an eschewing of traditional societal values. ... Origin: L. Cultus, an honoring, adoration ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cultigen
<botany> A cultivated plant or or animal that has no known wild ancestor. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

cultivated yeast
A form of yeast propagated by culture and used in breadmaking, brewing, etc. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cultivation
Synonym: culture. ... Origin: Mediev. L. Cultivo, pp. -atus, fr. L. Colo, pp. Cultus, to till ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cultural anthropology
Study of all aspects of culture resulting from human behaviour, including, among others, speech and language, systems of thought, social systems, and the artifacts produced by a culture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cultural characteristics
Those aspects or characteristics which identify a culture. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cultural deprivation
The absence of certain expected and acceptable cultural phenomena in the environment which results in the failure of the individual to communicate and respond in the most appropriate manner within the context of society. Language acquisition and language use are commonly used in assessing this concept. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cultural diversity
Coexistence of numerous distinct ethnic, racial, religious, or cultural groups within one social unit, organization, or population. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cultural evolution
The continuous developmental process of a culture from simple to complex forms and from homogeneous to heterogeneous qualities. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cultural shock
A form of stress associated with the beginning of an individual's assimilation into a new culture vastly different from that in which he or she was raised. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

culture
<cell culture, procedure> To grow in vitro. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

culture collections
<cell culture> A collection of pure cultures of microorganisms and cultured cell lines. A repository that acts as a biological patenting office and a clearing house for authentic pure cultures. ... (14 Nov 1997) ...