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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

cryoglobulin
<haematology> Abnormal plasma globulin (IgG or IgM) that precipitates when serum is cooled. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

cryoglobulinaemia
A condition characterised by the presence of cryoglobulins in the blood. They are precipitated into the microvasculature on exposure to cold and cause restricted blood flow in exposed areas. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cryoglobulins
Abnormal plasma proteins (paraproteins), now grouped with gamma globulins, characterised by precipitating, gelling, or crystallizing when serum or solutions of them are cooled; distinguished from Bence Jones proteins by their larger molecular weight (approximately 200,000 compared with 35,000 to 50,000); they may appear in patients with multiple my …

cryohydrate
A eutectic system of a salt and water. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryohypophysectomy
<procedure> Destruction of hypophysis by the application of extreme cold. ... Origin: cryo-+ hypophysis + G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryolysis
Destruction by cold. ... Origin: cryo-+ G. Lysis, dissolution ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryometer
A device for measuring very low temperatures. ... Origin: cryo-+ G. Metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryonics
Any of several medical techniques that use cold for therapeutic purposes, such as using ice to deaden pain. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

cryopallidectomy
<procedure> Destruction of the globus pallidus by the application of extreme cold. ... Origin: cryo-+ globus pallidus + G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryopathy
A morbid condition in which exposure to cold is an important factor. ... Synonym: frigorism. ... Origin: cryo-+ G. Pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryopexy
In retinal detachment surgery, sealing the sensory retina to the pigment epithelium and choroid by a freezing probe applied to the sclera. ... Origin: cryo-+ G. Pexis, a fixing in place ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryophilic
Synonym: crymophilic. ... Origin: cryo-+ G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryophilous
Thriving at very low temperatures. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

cryophylactic
Synonym for crymophylactic ... Resistant to cold, said of certain microorganisms which are not destroyed even by freezing temperatures. ... Synonym: cryophylactic. ... Origin: crymo-+ G. Phylaxis, a guarding against ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryoprecipitate
<haematology> The precipitate that forms when plasma is frozen and then thawed, particularly rich in fibronectin and blood clotting Factor VIII. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

cryoprecipitation
The process of forming a cryoprecipitate from solution. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryopreservation
To preserve by freezing. Bone marrow harvested for an autologous BMT, for example: is cryopreserved. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

cryoprobe
A surgical instrument used to apply extreme cold to tissues. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

cryoprostatectomy
<procedure> Destruction of the prostate gland by freezing, utilizing a specially designed cryoprobe. ... Origin: cryo-+ L. Prostata, prostate, + G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryoprotectant
<cell biology> Substance that is used to protect from the effects of freezing, largely by preventing large ice crystals from forming. The two commonly used for freezing cells are DMSO or glycerol. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

cryoprotective
Describes a substance which is able to protect the body or organic matter from being harmed by freezing. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

cryoprotective agents
Substances capable of protecting against injury due to freezing, as glycerol protects frozen red blood cells. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cryoprotein
<protein> Any protein that precipitates when blood is cooled. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

cryopulvinectomy
<procedure> Destruction of the pulvinar by the application of extreme cold. ... Origin: cryo-+ pulvinar + G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryoscope
<instrument> An instrument for measuring the freezing point. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryoscopy
The determination of the freezing point of a fluid, usually blood or urine, compared with that of distilled water. ... Synonym: algoscopy. ... Origin: cryo-+ G. Skopeo, to examine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryospasm
Spasm produced by cold. ... Origin: cryo-+ G. Spasmos, convulsion ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryostat
A freezing chamber. ... Origin: cryo-+ G. Statos, standing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryosurgery
A surgical technique that utilises freezing tissue to remove unwanted portions. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

cryothalamectomy
<procedure> Destruction of the thalamus by the application of extreme cold. ... Origin: cryo-+ thalamus + G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryotherapy
<procedure> The therapeutic use of cold to reduce discomfort, limit progression of tissue oedema or break a cycle of muscle spasm. Cryotherapy is a form of counterirritation. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

cryotolerant
Tolerant of very low temperatures. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryoultramicrotomy
<procedure> The technique of using a cryostat or freezing microtome, in which the temperature is regulated to -20 degrees celsius, to cut ultrathin frozen sections for microscopic (usually, electron microscopic) examination. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

crypt
<pathology> Deep pit that protrudes down into the connective tissue surrounding the small intestine. The epithelium at the base of the crypt is the site of stem cell proliferation and the differentiated cells move upwards and are shed 3-5 days later at the tips of the villi. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

crypt abscesses
Abscesses in crypts of Lieberkuhn of the large intestinal mucosa; a characteristic feature of ulcerative colitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crypta
Synonym: crypt. ... Origin: L. Fr. G. Kryptos, hidden ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crypta tonsillaris
Synonym for tonsillar crypt ... One of the variable number of deep recesses that extend into the palatine and pharyngeal tonsils from the free surface where they open at the tonsillar fossa. ... Synonym: crypta tonsillaris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptectomy
<procedure> Excision of a tonsillar or other crypt. ... Origin: crypt + G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptenamine acetates
Acetate or tannate salts of alkaloids from a nonaqueous extract of Veratrum viride, containing the hypotensive alkaloids protoveratrines A and B, germitrine, neogermetrine, germerine, germidine, jervine, rubijervine, isorubijervine, and germubide; used as antihypertensive agents. ... See: protoveratrine A and B. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptic
Hidden; occult; larvate. ... Origin: G. Kryptikos ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptic plasmid
A plasmid which has no apparent effect on the phenotype of its host cell and has no genes other than the ones needed for itself to replicate and spread to other cells. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

cryptitis
Inflammation of a follicle or glandular tubule, particularly in the rectum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crypto-
Crypt- ... Hidden, obscure; without apparent cause. ... Origin: G. Kryptos, hidden, concealed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptococcal meningitis
<pathology> An opportunistic infection caused by the fungus Cryptococcus neoformans and involving the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. ... Symptoms may include severe headache, confusion, sensitivity to light, blurred vision, fever and speech difficulties. Left untreated, the disease can lead to coma and death. Standard treatme …

cryptococcoma
An infectious granuloma, typically in the brain, but also found in the lung and elsewhere, caused by Cryptococcus neoformans. ... Synonym: toruloma. ... Origin: Cryptococcus (genus name) + -oma ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptococcosis
An acute, subacute or chronic infection by the fungal organism, Cryptococcus neoformans. Infection generally causes a pulmonary infection but may also disseminate to the meninges. The pulmonary form is generally mild and transient (often unrecognised). With dissemination lesions may occur in the skeletal, cutaneus and visceral tissues. The most com …

Cryptococcus
A genus of yeastlike fungi that reproduce by budding. ... Origin: crypto-+ G. Kokkos, berry ... Cryptococcus neoformans, a species that causes cryptococcosis in humans and other mammalians and parasitises cats in some areas, although strains vary in virulence; the cells are spherical and may bud at any point on the surface or simultaneously at severa …

cryptococcus neoformans
A species of the fungus cryptococcus, which causes cryptococcosis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cryptocrystalline
Having very minute crystals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Cryptocystis trichodectis
Name formerly applied to the larval form of the dog tapeworm, Dipylidium caninum, named for the cysticercoids found in the dog louse, Trichodectes. ... Origin: crypto-+ G. Kystis, bladder; tricho-+ G. Dektes, a beggar ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptodidymus
Conjoined twins, with the poorly developed parasitic twin concealed within the larger autosite. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Origin: crypto-+ G. Didymos, twin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptogam
A plant whose sexual reproductive parts are not conspicuous, a plant that produces spores, not seeds, in its sexual reproductive cycle, for example ferns, mosses, algae. ... Compare: phanerogam. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Cryptogamia
A montaxonomic division of the plant kingdom containing all forms of plant life that do not reproduce by means of seeds; included are the algae, bacteria, fungi, lichens, mosses, liverworts, ferns, horsetails, and club mosses. ... Origin: crypto-+ G. Gamos, marriage ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptogenic
Of obscure, indeterminate aetiology or origin, in contrast to phanerogenic. ... Origin: crypto-+ G. Genesis, origin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptogenic cirrhosis
Cirrhosis of unknown aetiology, with no history of alcoholism or previous acute hepatitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptogenic epilepsy
Synonym for generalised tonic-clonic seizure ... tonic-clonic seizure ...

cryptogenic infection
Bacterial, viral, or other infection, the source of which is unknown. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptogenic pyaemia
Pyaemia whose source is not evident. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptogenic septicaemia
A form of septicaemia in which no primary focus of infection can be found. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptolith
A concretion in a gland follicle. ... Origin: crypto-+ G. Lithos, stone ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptomenorrhoea
Occurrence each month of the general symptoms of the menses without any flow of blood, as in cases of imperforate hymen. ... Origin: crypto-+ G. Men, month, + rhoia, flow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptophthalmus
Cryptophthalmia ... Congenital absence of eyelids, with the skin passing continuously from the forehead onto the cheek over a rudimentary eye. ... Origin: crypto-+ G. Ophthalmos, eye ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptophthalmus syndrome
Synonym for Fraser's syndrome ... <syndrome> An association of cryptophthalmus with multiple anomalies, including middle and outer ear malformations, cleft palate, laryngeal deformity, displacement of umbilicus and nipples, digital malformations, separation of symphysis pubis, maldevelopment of kidneys, and masculinization of genitalia in fema …

cryptopodia
A swelling of the lower part of the leg and the foot, in such a manner that there is great distortion and the sole seems to be a flattened pad. ... Origin: crypto-+ G. Pous, foot ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptopyrrole
3-Ethyl-2,4-dimethylpyrrole;one of the pyrrole derivatives obtained by the drastic reduction of haem. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptorchid
Relating to or characterised by cryptorchism. ... Origin: crypto-+ G. Orchis, testis ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptorchid testis
Synonym for undescended testis ... A testis that has failed to descend into the scrotum; there are palpable and unpalpable (impalpable) variants. ... Synonym: cryptorchid testis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptorchidism
Failure of one or both testicles to descend into the scrotum. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

cryptorchidopexy
Synonym: orchiopexy. ... Origin: crypto-+ G. Orchis, testis, + pexis, fixation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptorchism
Failure of one or both of the testes to descend. ... Synonym: cryptorchidism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptoscope
<instrument> Early term for a simple X-ray fluoroscope. ... Origin: G. Kryptos, something hidden, + skopeo, to examine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptosporidiosis
An opportunistic infection caused by the intestinal parasite Cryptosporidium parvum, a very common parasite in animals. Transmission occurs through ingestion of food or water contaminated with animal feces. The parasite grows in the intestines and bile ducts and causes severe, chronic diarrhoea, especially in people with AIDS. There are no standard …

cryptosporidium
A small intestinal parasite which commonly causes infection in only the immunocompromised host, such as the patient with AIDS. ... Symptoms of Cryptosporidium enterocolitis include watery diarrhoea, abdominal pain, flatulence and fever. Transmission is from faeces to mouth and from tainted water. Poor sanitation is a risk factor. Treatment is largel …

cryptosporidium parvum
A species of parasitic protozoa that infects humans and most domestic mammals. Its oocysts measure five microns in diameter. These organisms exhibit alternating cycles of sexual and asexual reproduction. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Cryptostroma corticale
A species of fungus that is a common allergen, growing profusely under the bark of stacked maple logs; handlers who inhale the massive number of spores may develop pneumonitic as well as allergic reactions, including maple bark disease. ... Origin: crypto-+ G. Stroma, bed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptotia
A deformity, usually congenital, in which the superior portion of the auricle is hidden under the scalp. ... Origin: crypto-+ G. Otos, ear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptoxanthin
(3R)-b,beta-Caroten-3-ol; beta-caroten-3-ol;carotenoid (specifically, a xanthophyll) yielding 1 mole of vitamin A per mole. Found in many fruits and berries. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptozoite
The exoerythrocyte stage of the malarial organism that develops directly from the sporozoite inoculated by the infected mosquito; development of the first generation of merozoites in vertebrate host tissues occurs in the liver parenchyma. ... Origin: crypto-+ G. Zoe, life ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cryptozygous
Having a narrow face as compared with the width of the cranium, so that, when the skull is viewed from above, the zygomatic arches are not visible. ... Origin: crypto-+ G. Zygon, yoke ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crypts of iris
Pits near the pupillary margin of the anterior surface of the iris. ... Spaces in the anterior iris stroma through which the aqueous washes with every pupillary movement. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crystal
A solid of regular shape and, for a given compound, characteristic angles, formed when an element or compound solidifies slowly enough, as a result either of freezing from the liquid form or of precipitating out of solution, to allow the individual molecules to take up regular positions with respect to one another. ... Origin: G. Krystallos, clear i …

crystal rash
Synonym for miliaria crystallina ... A noninflammatory form of miliaria in which the vesicles are filled with clear fluid. ... Synonym: crystal rash, sudamina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crystal structure
<chemistry> The configuration in which atoms are arranged in a material. These arrangements have a direct effect on the physical properties of the material. These arrangements commonly take the form of cubes, rectangular solids, hexagonal solids. Etc. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

crystal violet
Hexamethylpararosanilin chloride;a compound that has been used in the external treatment of burns, wounds, and fungal infections of skin and mucous membranes, and internally for pinworm and certain fluke infections; used also as a stain for chromatin, amyloid, platelets in blood, fibrin, and neuroglia, and to differentiate among bacteria. ... Synony …

crystal violet vaccine
See: hog cholera vaccines. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crystal, birefringent
<microscopy> A crystalline substance which is anisotropic with respect to the velocity of light. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

crystallin
<cell biology> Major proteins of the vertebrate lens. Range from high MW oligomeric species to low MW monomeric species. Immunological cross reactivity suggests that the sequences of crystallin sub units are relatively highly conserved in evolution. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

crystalline
1. Clear; transparent. ... 2. Relating to a crystal or crystals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crystalline capsule
Synonym for lens capsule ... The capsule enclosing the lens of the eye. ... Synonym: capsula lentis, crystalline capsule, lenticular capsule, phacocyst. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crystalline cataract
A hereditary cataract with a coralliform or needle-shaped accumulation of crystals in the axial region of an otherwise clear lens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crystalline digitalin
Synonym for digitoxin ... <chemical> A cardiac glycoside sometimes used in place of digoxin. It has a longer half-life than digoxin; toxic effects, which are similar to those of digoxin, are longer lasting. ... Pharmacological action: anti-arrhythmia agents, cardiotonic agent, enzyme inhibitors. ... Chemical name: Card-20(22)-enolide, 3-((O-2,6- …

crystalline insulin zinc suspension
Synonym for extended insulin zinc suspension ... A long-acting insulin suspension, obtained from beef, with an approximate time of onset of 7 hours and a duration of action of 36 hours. ... Synonym: crystalline insulin zinc suspension. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crystalline interface
In dentistry, a boundary between adjacent crystals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crystalline lens
Synonym for lens ... <physics> A transparent optical element, so constructed that it serves to change the degree of convergence or divergence of the transmitted rays. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

crystalline protein
<protein> The major protein found in the lens of the vertebrate eye, it can be dissolved in water easily. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

crystallins
A heterogeneous family of water-soluble structural proteins found in cells of the vertebrate lens. The presence of these proteins accounts for the transparency of the lens. The family is composed of four major groups, alpha, beta, gamma, and delta, and several minor groups, which are classed on the basis of size, charge, immunological properties, a …

crystallised trypsin
A purified preparation of the pancreatic enzyme; used as an adjunct to surgery for debridement of necrotic wounds and ulcers. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crystallization
<chemistry> The formation of crystals, conversion to a crystalline form. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

crystallogram
A photograph produced when X-rays are diffracted by a crystal. ... Origin: G. Krystallos, crystal, + gramma, something written ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

crystallography
The branch of science that deals with the geometric description of crystals and their internal arrangement. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...