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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

coroner
An official whose duty it is to investigate sudden, suspicious, or violent death to determine the cause; in some communities, the office has been replaced by that of medical examiner. ... Origin: L. Corona, a crown ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

coroners and medical examiners
Physicians appointed to investigate all cases of sudden or violent death. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

coronet
The line of junction between the skin and the hoof or claw. ... Origin: Fr. Coronette; L. Corona, crown ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

coronin
<protein> Actin binding protein (55 kD) of Dictyostelium discoideum. Associated with crown shaped cell surface projections of growth phase cells. Accumulates at front of cells responding to a chemotactic gradient of cAMP. Amino terminal domain has similaritiy to subunits of G-proteins, C terminal has high helical content. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

coronion
The tip of the coronoid process of the mandible; a craniometric point. ... Synonym: koronion. ... Origin: G. Korone, crow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

coronitis
Inflammation of the coronary band of the horse's hoof, resulting in imperfect horn formation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

coronoid
Shaped like a crow's beak; denoting certain processes and other parts of bones. ... Origin: G. Korone, a crow, + eidos, resembling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

coronoid fossa of humerus
A hollow on the anterior surface of the distal end of the humerus, just above the trochlea, in which the coronoid process of the ulna rests when the elbow is flexed. ... Synonym: fossa coronoidea humeri. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

coronoid process
A sharp triangular projection from a bone; coronoid process of the mandible, the triangular anterior process of the mandibular ramus, giving attachment to the temporal muscle; coronoid process of the ulna, a bracket-like projection from the anterior portion of the proximal extremity of the ulna; its anterior surface gives attachment to the brachial …

coronoidectomy
<procedure> Surgical removal of the coronoid process of the mandible. ... Origin: coronoid + G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpora
Plural of corpus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpora allata
Paired or fused ganglion-like bodies in the head of insects. The bodies secrete hormones important in the regulation of metamorphosis and the development of some adult tissues. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

corpora arenacea
Small calcareous concretions in the stroma of the pineal and other central nervous system tissues. ... Synonym: acervulus, brain sand, psammoma bodies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpora bigemina
Synonym for bigeminal bodies ... A bilateral single swelling of the roofplate of the embryonic midbrain that later in development becomes subdivided into a superior and an inferior colliculus. ... See: quadrigeminal bodies. ... Synonym: corpora bigemina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpora cavernosa
Two chambers in the penis which run the length of the organ and are filled with spongy tissue. Blood flows in and fills the open spaces in the spongy tissue to create an erection. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

corpora lutea cysts
Persistent corpora lutea with cyst formation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpora para-aortica
Synonym for para-aortic bodies ... Small masses of chromaffin cells found near the sympathetic ganglia along the abdominal aorta. They serve as chemoreceptors responsive to oxygen, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen ion concentration, and help to control respiration. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

corpora quadrigemina
Synonym for quadrigeminal bodies ... See: inferior colliculus, superior colliculus. ... Synonym: corpora quadrigemina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corporeal
Pertaining to the body, or to a corpus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corporin
An obsolete term for corpus luteum hormone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corps ronds
Dyskeratotic round cells occurring in the epidermis, with a central round basophilic mass surrounded by a clear halo; characteristically found in keratosis follicularis. ... Origin: Fr. Round bodies ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpse
Synonym: cadaver. ... Origin: L. Corpus, body ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpulence
Corpulency ... Synonym: obesity. ... Origin: L. Corpulentia, magnification of corpus, body ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpulent
Synonym for obese ... Excessively fat. ... Synonym: corpulent. ... Origin: L. Obesus, fat, partic. Adj., fr. Ob-edo, pp. -esus, to eat away, devour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus
The body of the uterus (womb). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

corpus adiposum
Synonym for fat-pad ... An accumulation of somewhat encapsulated adipose tissue. ... Synonym: corpus adiposum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus adiposum buccae
Synonym for buccal fat-pad ... An encapsuled mass of fat in the cheek on the outer side of the buccinator muscle, especially marked in the infant; supposed to strengthen and support the cheek during the act of sucking. ... Synonym: corpus adiposum buccae, Bichat's fat-pad, Bichat's protuberance, fat body of cheek, sucking cushion, sucking pad, suctor …

corpus adiposum infrapatellare
Synonym for infrapatellar fat-pad ... The fatty mass that occupies the area between the patellar ligament and the infrapatellar synovial fold of the knee joint. ... Synonym: corpus adiposum infrapatellare, infrapatellar fat body. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus adiposum orbitae
Synonym for orbital fat-pad ... The mass of fat contained in the orbit that contributes to the support of the eyeball. ... Synonym: corpus adiposum orbitae, fat body of orbit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus albicans
A retrogressed corpus luteum characterised by increasing cicatrization and shrinkage of the cicatricial core with an amorphous, convoluted, completely hyalinised lutein zone surrounding the central plug of scar tissue. ... Synonym: albicans, atretic corpus luteum, corpus candicans. ... Corpora allata, a pair of juvenile hormone-producing endocrine gl …

corpus amygdaloideum
Synonym for amygdaloid body ... Almond-shaped group of basal nuclei anterior to the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle of the brain, within the temporal lobe. The amygdala is part of the limbic system. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

corpus amylaceum
One of a number of small ovoid or rounded, sometimes laminated, bodies resembling a grain of starch and found in nervous tissue, in the prostate, and in pulmonary alveoli; of little pathological significance, and apparently derived from degenerated cells or proteinaceous secretions. ... Synonym: amniotic corpuscle, amylaceous corpuscle, amyloid corp …

corpus aorticum
Synonym for para-aortic bodies ... Small masses of chromaffin cells found near the sympathetic ganglia along the abdominal aorta. They serve as chemoreceptors responsive to oxygen, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen ion concentration, and help to control respiration. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

corpus arantii
Synonym for nodule of semilunar valve ... A nodule at the centre of the free border of each semilunar valve at the beginning of the pulmonary artery and aorta. ... Synonym: nodulus valvulae semilunaris, Arantius' nodule, Bianchi's nodule, corpus arantii, Morgagni's nodule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus atreticum
Synonym for atretic ovarian follicle ... A follicle that degenerates before coming to maturity; great numbers of such atretic follicle's occur in the ovary before puberty; in the sexually mature woman, several are formed each month. ... Synonym: corpus atreticum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus callosum
<anatomy> A great commissure (connection) between the two cerebral hemispheres (right and left). ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

corpus candicans
Synonym for corpus albicans ... A retrogressed corpus luteum characterised by increasing cicatrization and shrinkage of the cicatricial core with an amorphous, convoluted, completely hyalinised lutein zone surrounding the central plug of scar tissue. ... Synonym: albicans, atretic corpus luteum, corpus candicans. ... Corpora allata, a pair of juvenile …

corpus cavernosum clitoridis
One of the two parallel columns of erectile tissue forming the body of the clitoris; they diverge at the root to form the crura of the clitoris. ... Synonym: cavernous body of clitoris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus cavernosum conchae
Synonym for cavernous plexus of conchae ... Erectile tissue in the mucous membrane covering the conchae of the nasal cavity. ... Synonym: plexus cavernosi concharum, corpus cavernosum conchae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus cavernosum penis
One of two parallel columns of erectile tissue forming the dorsal part of the body of the penis; they are separated posteriorly, forming the crura of the penis. ... Synonym: cavernous body of penis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus cavernosum urethrae
Synonym for corpus spongiosum penis ... The median column of erectile tissue located between and ventral to the two corpora cavernosa penis; posteriorly it expands into the bulbus penis and anteriorly it terminates as the enlarged glans penis; it is traversed by the urethra. ... Synonym: corpus cavernosum urethrae, spongy body of penis. ... Corpus spo …

corpus ciliare
Synonym for ciliary body ... <anatomy> Tissue that includes the group of muscles that act on the eye lens to produce accommodation and the arterial circle of the iris. ... The inner ciliary epithelium is continuous with the pigmented retinal epithelium, the outer ciliary epithelium secretes the aqueous humour. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

corpus claviculae
Synonym for body of clavicle ... The sinuous portion of the clavicle between the sternal and acromial extremities. ... Synonym: corpus claviculae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus clitoridis
Synonym for body of clitoris ... The shaft or pendulous portion of the clitoris, composed of two fused corpora cavernosa clitoridae, the distal end of which is the glans clitoris. ... Synonym: corpus clitoridis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus coccygeum
Synonym for coccygeal body ... An arteriovenous (arteriolovenular) anastomosis supplied by the middle sacral artery and located on the pelvic surface of the coccyx. It was formerly called a gland (of Luschka) or a glomus and included with the paraganglia. ... Synonym: corpus coccygeum, arteriococcygeal gland, coccygeal gland, glomus coccygeum. ... (05 …

corpus costae
Synonym for body of rib ... The shaft of a rib; the portion which extends laterally, anteriorly, and then medially from the tubercle. ... Synonym: corpus costae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus dentatum
Synonym for dentate nucleus of cerebellum ... The most lateral and largest of the cerebellar nuclei; it receives the axons of the Purkinje cells of the neocerebellum (lateral areas of cerebellar cortex); together with the more medially located globosus and emboliform nuclei it is the major source of fibres composing the massive superior cerebellar p …

corpus epididymidis
Synonym for body of epididymis ... The middle part that extends downward from the head to the tail of the epididymis on the posterior surface of the testis. ... Synonym: corpus epididymidis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus epididymis
Body of epididymis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus femoris
Synonym for shaft of femur ... The cylindrical shaft of the thigh bone. ... Synonym: corpus ossis femoris, body of thigh bone, corpus femoris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus fibrosum
The small fibrous cicatricial mass in the ovary formed following the atresia of an ovarian follicle; similar to a corpus albicans but smaller. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus fibulae
Synonym for shaft of fibula ... The body of fibula; of the fibula elongated, rod-like portion which accounts for most of its length. ... Synonym: corpus fibulae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus fimbriatum
Synonym for fimbria hippocampi ... A narrow sharp-edged crest of white fibre matter, continuous with the alveus hippocampi, attached to the medial border of the hippocampus; composed of efferent fibres of the hippocampus that form the fornix, fibres of the hippocampal commissure, and septohippocampal fibres. ... Synonym: corpus fimbriatum, tenia hipp …

corpus fornicis
Synonym for body of fornix ... The middle part of the fornix situated ventral to the corpus callosum. ... Synonym: corpus fornicis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus gastricum
Synonym for body of stomach ... The part of the stomach that lies between the fundus above and the pyloric antrum below; its boundaries are poorly defined. ... Synonym: corpus gastricum [ventriculi]. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus geniculatum externum
Synonym for lateral geniculate body ... The lateral one of a pair of small oval masses that protrude slightly from the posteroinferior aspects of the thalamus; its main (dorsal) subdivision serves as a processing station in the major pathway from the retina to the cerebral cortex, receiving fibres from the optic tract and giving rise to the geniculo …

corpus geniculatum internum
Synonym for medial geniculate body ... The medial one of a pair of prominent cell groups in the posteroinferior parts of the thalamus; it functions as the last of a series of processing stations along the auditory conduction pathway to the cerebral cortex, receiving the brachium of the inferior colliculus and giving rise to the auditory radiation to …

corpus geniculatum laterale
Synonym for lateral geniculate body ... The lateral one of a pair of small oval masses that protrude slightly from the posteroinferior aspects of the thalamus; its main (dorsal) subdivision serves as a processing station in the major pathway from the retina to the cerebral cortex, receiving fibres from the optic tract and giving rise to the geniculo …

corpus geniculatum mediale
Synonym for medial geniculate body ... The medial one of a pair of prominent cell groups in the posteroinferior parts of the thalamus; it functions as the last of a series of processing stations along the auditory conduction pathway to the cerebral cortex, receiving the brachium of the inferior colliculus and giving rise to the auditory radiation to …

corpus haemorrhagicum
A haematoma with a lining formed by the thinned-out bright yellow lutein zone; gradual resorption of the blood elements leaves a cavity filled with a clear fluid, i.e., a corpus luteum cyst. ... Synonym: corpus luteum haematoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus highmorianum
Synonym for mediastinum testis ... A mass of fibrous tissue continuous with the tunica albuginea, projecting into the testis from its posterior border. ... Synonym: corpus highmori, corpus highmorianum, Highmore's body, septum of testis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus humeri
Synonym for shaft of humerus ... The elongated rod-like portion of the humerus between the surgical neck proximally and the emergence of the supracondylar ridges distally. ... Synonym: corpus humeri. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus incudis
Synonym for body of incus ... The main part of the incus that articulates with the malleus and from which the short and long limbs arise. ... Synonym: corpus incudis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus linguae
Synonym for body of tongue ... The oral part of the tongue anterior to the terminal sulcus. ... Synonym: corpus linguae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus luteum
<gynaecology> A yellow glandular mass in the ovary formed by an ovarian follicle that has matured and discharged its ovum. The corpus luteum secretes progesterone. ... If the ovum has been impregnated, the corpus luteum increases in size and persists for several months (corpus luteum graviditatis). ... If impregnation has not taken place, the c …

corpus luteum deficiency syndrome
<syndrome> Functional disturbances caused by insufficient ovarian luteinization; reflected by inadequate luteal phase endometrial response. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus luteum haematoma
Synonym for corpus haemorrhagicum ... A haematoma with a lining formed by the thinned-out bright yellow lutein zone; gradual resorption of the blood elements leaves a cavity filled with a clear fluid, i.e., a corpus luteum cyst. ... Synonym: corpus luteum haematoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus luteum hormone unit
Synonym for progesterone unit ... The progestational activity of 1 mg of unit of progestational activity; standard preparation of pure progesterone. ... See: Clauberg test, Corner-Allen unit. ... Synonym: corpus luteum hormone unit, unit of luteinizing activity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus luteum maintenance
Physiologic and biochemical factors that maintain an actively functioning corpus luteum. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

corpus luteum regression
Involution and cessation of endocrine function of a corpus luteum. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

corpus mamillare
Synonym for mamillary body ... A small, round, paired cell group that protrudes into the interpeduncular fossa from the inferior aspect of the hypothalamus. It receives hippocampal fibres through the fornix and projects fibres to the anterior thalamic nuclei and into the brainstem tegmentum. ... Synonym: corpus mamillare, mamillary tubercle of hypoth …

corpus mammae
Synonym for body of mammary gland ... The principal part of the breast, consisting of glandular tissue and its supporting fibrous tissue. It forms a conical mass converging toward the nipple and is surrounded by adipose tissue. ... Synonym: corpus mammae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus mandibulae
Synonym for body of mandible ... The heavy, U-shaped, horizontal portion of the mandible extending posteriorly to the angle where it is continuous with the ramus; it supports the lower teeth. ... Synonym: corpus mandibulae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus maxillae
Synonym for body of maxilla ... The central portion of the maxilla hollowed out by the maxillary sinus; it presents orbital, nasal, anterior, and infratemporal surfaces and supports four processes, frontal, zygomatic, palatine, and alveolar. ... Synonym: corpus maxillae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus medullare cerebelli
The interior white substance of the cerebellum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus nuclei caudati
Synonym for body of caudate nucleus ... The suprathalamic part of the caudate nucleus lying in the floor of the central part of the lateral ventricle. ... Synonym: corpus nuclei caudati. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus ossis femoris
Synonym for shaft of femur ... The cylindrical shaft of the thigh bone. ... Synonym: corpus ossis femoris, body of thigh bone, corpus femoris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus ossis hyoidei
Synonym for body of hyoid bone ... The body of the hyoid bone, from which the greater and lesser horns extend. ... Synonym: corpus ossis hyoidei, base of hyoid bone, basihyal, basihyoid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus ossis ilii
Synonym for body of ilium ... It forms the upper two-fifths of the acetabulum and joins the pubis and ischium in the acetabulum. It continues above into the ala or wing of the ilium. ... Synonym: corpus ossis ilii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus ossis ischii
Synonym for body of ischium ... The entire ischium with the exception of the ramus. ... Synonym: corpus ossis ischii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus ossis metacarpalis
The shaft of one of the metacarpal bones. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus ossis pubis
Synonym for body of pubis ... The flattened medial portion of the pubic bone entering into the pubic symphysis. From it extend the superior and inferior rami. ... Synonym: corpus ossis pubis, pubic body, body of pubic bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus ossis sphenoidalis
Synonym for body of sphenoid bone ... The central portion of the sphenoid bone from which the greater and lesser wings and the pterygoid processes arise. The sphenoidal sinuses lie within it. ... Synonym: corpus ossis sphenoidalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus pancreatis
Synonym for body of pancreas ... The part of the pancreas from the point where it crosses the portal vein to the point where it enters the lienorenal ligament. ... Synonym: corpus pancreatis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus papillare
Synonym for stratum papillare corii ... The more superficial layer of the corium whose papillae interdigitate with the epidermis. ... Synonym: corpus papillare, papillary layer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus paraterminale
Synonym for subcallosal gyrus ... A slender vertical whitish band immediately anterior to the lamina terminalis and anterior commissure; contrary to its name, it is not a cortical convolution but is the ventral continuation of the transparent septum. ... Synonym: area subcallosa, gyrus paraterminalis, gyrus subcallosus, pedunculus corporis callosi, c …

corpus penis
Synonym for body of penis ... The free pendulous portion of the penis, consisting of shaft and glans penis. ... Synonym: corpus penis, scapus penis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus phalangis
Synonym for body of phalanx ... The shaft of each phalanx of the hand or foot. ... Synonym: corpus phalangis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus pineale
Synonym for pineal body ... A small conical midline body attached to the posterior part of the third ventricle and lying between the superior colliculi, below the splenium of the corpus callosum. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

corpus pontobulbare
Synonym for pontobulbar body ... A collection of nerve cells in the lower part of the medulla oblongata forming a ridge which crosses the restiform body obliquely. ... Synonym: corpus pontobulbare. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus quadrigeminum anterius
Synonym for superior colliculus ... The paired, larger, rounded anterior eminence of the laminae of mesencephalic tectum; major afferent connections of the superficial layers are the retina and striate cortex; input to deep layers of the colliculus are polymodal. Its efferent connections are with the lower brainstem and spinal cord (tectobulbar trac …

corpus quadrigeminum posterius
Synonym for inferior colliculus ... The ovoid, paired, inferior eminence of the laminae of mesencephalic tectum; it receives the lateral lemniscus and projects by way of the brachium of inferior colliculus to the medial geniculate body of the thalamus, and is thus an essential way-station in the central auditory pathway. ... Synonym: colliculus infer …

corpus radii
Synonym for shaft of radius ... The triangular body of the radius located between the expanded proximal and distal extremities of the bone. ... Synonym: corpus radii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus restiforme
Synonym for restiform body ... A lateral (larger) subdivision of the inferior cerebellar peduncle composed of a variety of fibres including, but not limited to, olivo-, reticulo-, cuneo-, trigemino-, and dorsal spinocerebellar. ... See: inferior cerebellar peduncle. ... Synonym: corpus restiforme. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus spongiosum penis
The median column of erectile tissue located between and ventral to the two corpora cavernosa penis; posteriorly it expands into the bulbus penis and anteriorly it terminates as the enlarged glans penis; it is traversed by the urethra. ... Synonym: corpus cavernosum urethrae, spongy body of penis. ... Corpus spongiosum urethrae muliebris, the submuco …

corpus sterni
Synonym for body of sternum ... The middle and largest portion of the sternum, lying between the manubrium superiorly and the xiphoid process inferiorly. ... Synonym: corpus sterni, gladiolus, mesosternum, midsternum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus tali
Synonym for body of talus ... The large posterior part of the talus forming the trochlea above for articulation with the tibia and fibula and articulating below with the calcaneus. ... Synonym: corpus tali. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus tibiae
Synonym for shaft of tibia ... The triangular body of tibia between its expanded proximal and distal ends. ... Synonym: corpus tibiae, body of tibia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus trapezoideum
Synonym for trapezoid body ... A plate of transverse fibres running over the dorsal (deep) border of the pontine nuclei; it is formed by ascending auditory fibres that cross to the opposite side of the brainstem. ... Synonym: corpus trapezoideum, trapezoid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

corpus triticeum
Synonym for triticeal cartilage ... A rounded nodule of cartilage, the size of a grain of wheat, occasionally present in the posterior margin of the lateral thyrohyroid ligament. ... Synonym: cartilago triticea, corpus triticeum, triticeum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...