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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

brachyuranic
Having a palatomaxillary index above 115. ... Origin: brachy-+ G. Ouranos, the sky, roof of the mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bracing
In dentistry, resistance to horizontal components of masticatory force. ... See: component of force. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bracken poisoning
Synonym for enzootic haematuria ... A disease of cattle caused by long-term, low-level consumption of the bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum) and characterised by haemorrhages or tumours in the bladder. ... Synonym: bracken poisoning. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bracken staggers
A condition occurring in horses as a result of eating bracken; characterised by locomotor incoordination; due to thiamin deficiency (bracken contains thiaminase). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bracket
<dentistry> A metal or ceramic part that is glued onto a tooth and serves as a means of fastening the arch wire. ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

brackish
Mixed with salt, briny. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

bract
A leaf-like structure, different in form from the foliage leaves and without an axillary bud, associated with an inflorescence or flower. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

bracteolate
Furnished with bracteoles. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

bracteole
A small bract-like structure borne singly or in pairs on the pedicel or calyx of a flower. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Bradford
Edward H., U.S. Orthopedist, 1848-1926. ... See: Bradford frame. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bradford frame
An oblong rectangular frame made of pipe, over which are stretched transversely two strips of canvas; permits trunk and lower extremities of a bed-ridden patient to move as a unit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bradford method
<investigation> Method for determining protein concentration based upon the binding of Coomassie Brilliant Blue to protein and consequent shift in absorption maximum of the dye. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

brady-
Slow. ... Origin: G. Bradys, slow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bradyarrhythmia
Any disturbance of the heart's rhythm resulting in rates less than 60 beats per minute. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

bradyarthria
Abnormal slowness or deliberation in speech. ... Origin: Gr. Arthroun = to utter distinctly ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

bradycardia
<clinical sign> A slowness of the heart beat, as evidenced by slowing of the pulse rate to less than 60 beats per minute. ... Origin: Gr. Kardia = heart ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

bradycardiac
Relating to or characterised by bradycardia. ... Synonym: bradycardic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bradycardic
Synonym for bradycardiac ... Relating to or characterised by bradycardia. ... Synonym: bradycardic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bradycinesia
Synonym for bradykinesia ... <clinical sign> An abnormal slowness of movement, sluggishness of physical and mental responses. ... Origin: Gr. Kinesis = movement ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

bradycrotic
Relating to or characterised by a slow pulse. ... Origin: brady-+ G. Krotos, a striking ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bradydiastole
Prolongation of the diastole of the heart. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bradyesthesia
Slow sensory perception. ... Origin: brady-+ G. Aisthesis, sensation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bradyglossia
Abnormal slowness or deliberation in speech. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

bradykinesia
<clinical sign> An abnormal slowness of movement, sluggishness of physical and mental responses. ... Origin: Gr. Kinesis = movement ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

bradykinetic
Abnormally slow movement. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

bradykinetic analysis
The analysis of a movement by means of slow cinematography. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bradykinin
<protein> Vasoactive nonapeptide (RPPGFSPFR) formed by action of proteases on kininogens. Very similar to kallidin (which has the same sequence but with an additional N terminal lysine). Bradykinin is a very potent vasodilator and increases permeability of post capillary venules, it acts on endothelial cells to activate phospholipase A2. It i …

bradykinin kininase
<enzyme> Splits bradykinin at the phe5-ser6 bond ... Registry number: EC 3.4.99.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

bradykinin potentiator B
Glp-Gly-Leu-Pro-Pro-Arg-Pro-Lys-Ile-Pro-Pro;the undecapeptide precursor of bradykinin and the angiotensins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bradykinin-potentiating peptide
Synonym for teprotide ... <chemical> 2-l-tryptophan-3-de-l-leucine-4-de-l-proline-8-l-glutamine bradykinin potentiator b. A synthetic nonapeptide with the sequence pyr-trp-pro-arg-pro-gln-ile-pro-pro, which is identical to that of the peptide from the venom of the snake, bothrops jararaca. It acts as an inhibitor of kininase II and angiotensin …

bradylalia
Abnormal slowness or deliberation in speech. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

bradylexia
Abnormal slowness in reading. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

bradylogia
Synonym: bradyarthria. ... Origin: brady-+ G. Logos, word ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bradymenorrhoea
Prolonged or slow menstrual flow. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

bradypepsia
Slowness of digestion. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

bradyphagia
Extreme slowness in eating. ... Origin: Gr. Phagein = to eat ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

bradyphasia
A form of aphasia characterised by abnormal slowness of speech. ... Synonym: bradyphemia. ... Origin: brady-+ G. Phasis, speaking ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bradyphemia
Synonym: bradyphasia. ... Origin: brady-+ G. Pheme, speech ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bradypnea
<clinical sign> An abnormal slowness of breathing. ... Origin: Gr. Pnoia = breath ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

bradypragia
Sluggish action; slow movement. ... Origin: brady-+ G. Prasso, to do, act ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bradypsychia
Slowness of mental reactions. ... Origin: brady-+ G. Psyche, soul ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bradyrhythmia
Synonym for bradycardia ... <clinical sign> A slowness of the heart beat, as evidenced by slowing of the pulse rate to less than 60 beats per minute. ... Origin: Gr. Kardia = heart ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

bradyspermatism
Absence of ejaculatory force, so that the semen trickles away slowly. ... Origin: brady, + G. Sperma (spermat-), seed, + ism ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bradysphygmia
Slowness of the pulse; can occur without bradycardia, as in ventricular bigeminy when every alternate beat may fail to produce a peripheral pulse. ... Origin: brady-+ G. Sphygmos, pulse ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bradystalsis
Slow bowel motion. ... Origin: G. Bradys, slow, + (peri) stalsis, contracting around ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bradytachycardia syndrome
<syndrome> Alternate rapid and slow cardiac rates that may represent any rhythm disturbances in any combination usually related to sinus node disease. ... Synonym: tachybradycardia syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bradyteleocinesia
Sudden arrest of a movement just before its intended termination, then after a pause it is completed slowly or by jerks; a symptom of cerebellar disease. ... Synonym: bradyteleokinesis. ... Origin: brady-+ G. Teleos, complete, + kinesis, movement ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bradyteleokinesis
Synonym for bradyteleocinesia ... Sudden arrest of a movement just before its intended termination, then after a pause it is completed slowly or by jerks; a symptom of cerebellar disease. ... Synonym: bradyteleokinesis. ... Origin: brady-+ G. Teleos, complete, + kinesis, movement ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bradytocia
Slow tedious labour. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

bradyuria
Slow micturition. ... Origin: brady-+ G. Ouron, urine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bradyzoite
A slowly multiplying encysted form of sporozoan parasite typical of chronic infection with Toxoplasma gondii. It has also been called a merozoite or zoite; the complex of bradyzoite's within an enclosing membrane has also been called a pseudocyst, though it is now regarded as a true cyst. ... Origin: brady-+ G. Zoe, life ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brahma
1. The One First Cause; also, one of the triad of Hindoo gods. The triad consists of Brahma, the Creator, Vishnu, the Preserver, and Siva, the Destroyer. ... According to the Hindoo religious books, Brahma (with the final a short), or Brahm, is the Divine Essence, the One First Cause, the All in All, while the personal gods, Brahma (with the final a …

brahmin
Origin: Skr. Brahmana (cf. Brahman worship, holiness; the God Brahma, also Brahman): cf. F. Brahmane, Brachmane, Bramine, L. Brachmanae, -manes, -mani, pl, Gr. ... A person of the highest or sacerdotal caste among the Hindoos. ... <zoology> Brahman bull, the male of a variety of the zebu, or Indian ox, considered sacred by the Hindoos. ... Sourc …

brail
1. <veterinary> A thong of soft leather to bind up a hawk's wing. ... 2. Ropes passing through pulleys, and used to haul in or up the leeches, bottoms, or corners of sails, preparatory to furling. ... 3. A stock at each end of a seine to keep it stretched. ... Origin: OE. Brayle furling rope, OF. Braiol a band placed around the breeches, fr.F. B …

braille
A system of writing and printing by means of raised dots corresponding to letters, numbers, and punctuation to enable the blind to read by touch. ... Origin: Louis Braille, French teacher of blind, 1809-1852 ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brailsford
James Frederick, English radiologist, 1888-1961. ... See: Brailsford-Morquio disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brailsford-Morquio disease
Synonym for Morquio's syndrome ... <syndrome> An error of mucopolysaccharide metabolism with excretion of keratan sulfate in urine; characterised by severe skeletal defects with short stature, severe deformity of spine and thorax, long bones with irregular epiphyses but with shafts of normal length, enlarged joints, flaccid ligaments, and wadd …

brain
One of the two components of the central nervous system, the brain is the centre of thought and emotion. It is responsible for the coordination and control of bodily activities and the interpretation of information from the senses (sight, hearing, smell, etc.). ... (22 May 1997) ...

brain abscess
A localised cavity filled with pus secondary to a bacterial infection. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

brain abscess in kids
<radiology> Cyanotic congenital heart disease, e.g., tetralogy of Fallot, most important predisposing factor, blood not filtered by pulmonary capillaries ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

brain aneurysm
A dilated and weakened portion of a cerebral blood vessel that is prone to rupture. A cerebral aneurysm may occur as a birth defect or develop as the result of long-standing poorly controlled hypertension. ... Symptoms of a ruptured cerebral aneurysm include a sudden, severe thunderclap headache that may be associated with nausea, vomiting and a dec …

brain cicatrix
A scarring of the brain resulting from injury (reactive gliosis), characterised by proliferation of mesodermal (vascular) and ectodermal (glial) elements. ... See: isomorphous gliosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brain concussion
Transient or prolonged unconsciousness with or without impairment of higher mental functions and/or brainstem functions, due to a violent blow to the head. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

brain congestion
Increased volume of the intravascular compartment of the brain; often associated with brain swelling. ... Synonym: encephalaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brain contusion
A head injury of sufficient force to bruise the brain. The bruising of the brain will often involve the surface of the brain and cause an extravasation of blood without rupture of the pia-arachnoid. Often associated with a concussion. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

brain death
Total cessation of brain function for 24 hours as manifested by absence of spontaneous movement, absence of spontaneous respiration, and absence of all brainstem reflexes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

brain diseases, metabolic
Metabolic disorders which lead to pathological changes and/or functional deviations of the brain. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

brain herniation
A condition that occurs when the brain is under abnormally increased pressure. The increased intracranial pressure forces the brain downward inside the skull. ... This results in typical neurologic manifestations (coma, paralysis and a unilateral dilated pupil). May occur secondary to head injury, primary or metastatic brain tumour, bacterial mening …

brain injury
Acute injuries to the brain, general or unspecified. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

brain iron
<radiology> Normal, Infant: NONE, Adult: globus pallidum, substantia nigra, red nucleus, dentate nucleus, Aging: (adult) and putamen, Degenerative disease, Parkinson disease: putamen, SN compacta, Huntington disease: caudate, putamen, Alzheimer disease: cerebral cortex, Hallervorden-Spatz disease, MS: thalamus, putamen, Others, AVM: malformat …

brain laceration
Gross tearing of neural tissue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brain lipid
Impure cephalin possessing marked haemostatic action when locally applied. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brain mantle
Synonym for pallium ... Origin: L. See Pall the garment. ... 1. A large, square, woolen cloak which enveloped the whole person, worn by the Greeks and by certain Romans. It is the Roman name of a Greek garment. ... 2. A band of white wool, worn on the shoulders, with four purple crosses worked on it; a pall. ... The wool is obtained from two lambs brou …

brain metastases
<oncology, radiology> 10% of intracranial mass lesions are metastasis, 10-38% of patients with systemic cancer have brain metastasis: ... adults: lung, breast, GU tract, colon/rectum, melanoma, sinuses. ... children: neuroblastoma, embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, Wilms tumour. ... Location: most in middle cerebral artery distribution at the cortex, …

brain murmur
<neurology> Sounds produced by intracranial aneurysms or arterial venous aneurysms in congenital dysplastic angiomatosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brain natriuretic peptide
<hormone, protein> Brain peptide that induces diuresis, related to atrial natriuretic peptide. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

brain neoplasm
Neoplasms of the part of the central nervous system contained within the cranium. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

brain oedema
Synonym for cerebral oedema ... Brain swelling due to increased volume of the extravascular compartment from the uptake of water in the neuropile and white matter. ... See: brain swelling. ... Synonym: brain oedema. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brain potential
<physiology> The electrical charge of the brain as compared to a point on the body; the potential may be steady (DC potential) or may fluctuate at specific frequencies when recorded against time, giving rise to the electroencephalogram. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brain sand
Synonym for corpora arenacea ... Small calcareous concretions in the stroma of the pineal and other central nervous system tissues. ... Synonym: acervulus, brain sand, psammoma bodies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brain tissue transplantation
Transference of brain tissue, either from a foetus or from a born individual, between individuals of the same species or between individuals of different species. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

brain tumour
<oncology, tumour> May be subdivided into primary brain tumours and the more common, secondary brain tumours. ... Primary brain tumours (for example astrocytoma, craniopharyngioma, glioma, ependymoma, neuroglioma, oligodendroglioma, glioblastoma multiforme, meningioma, medulloblastoma) arise from the uncontrolled proliferation of cells within …

brain tumour calcifications
<radiology> Oligodendroglioma (90%), craniopharyngioma (70%), ependymoma (60%), choroid plexus papilloma (25%), low-grade astrocytoma (20%), meningioma (10%), others, dermoid, pineal tumours, lipoma, caveat: a calcified intraparenchymal tumour is most likely to be an astrocytoma due to higher overall incidence relative to other tumours mentio …

brain tumours
Can be malignant or benign and can occur at any age. Primary brain tumours initially form in the brain tissue. Secondary brain tumours are cancers that have spread to the brain tissue (metastasized) from tissue elsewhere in the body. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

brain wave
Colloquialism for electroencephalogram. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brain wave complex
A specific combination of fast and slow electroencephalographic activity that recurs frequently enough to be identified as a discrete phenomenon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brain wave cycle
The complete upward and downward excursion of a single wave, complex, or impulse as seen on an electroencephalogram. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brain wave test
Synonym for electroencephalogram ... <investigation> A diagnostic test which measures the electrical activity of the brain (brain waves) using high sensitive recording equipment attached to the scalp by fine electrodes. ... Commonly employed in the evaluation of neurological disease (for example seizures, epilepsy, etc.). ... Acronym: EEG ... (13 …

brain-assocated tyrosine kinase
<enzyme> 86% identical to matk protein. ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- ... Synonym: batk protein ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

brain-derived growth factor
Synonym for brain-derived neurotrophic factor ... <growth factor> Small basic protein purified from pig brain, a member of the family of neurotrophic factors that also includes Nerve Growth Factor and neurotrophin 3. ... In contrast to nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor is predominanantly (though not exclusively) localised i …

brain-derived neurotrophic factor
<growth factor> Small basic protein purified from pig brain, a member of the family of neurotrophic factors that also includes Nerve Growth Factor and neurotrophin 3. ... In contrast to nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor is predominanantly (though not exclusively) localised in the CNS. It supports the survival of primary se …

brain-heart infusion agar
A medium used for the isolation of fastidious microorganisms, especially fungi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brain-specific kinase
<enzyme> Expressed specifically in brain; member of the eph/elk receptor-like kinase family; mw 105 kD; may represent murine homolog of chicken cek7 receptor-like kinase; amino acid sequence given in first source ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- ... Synonym: bsk tyrosine kinase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

Brain, W Russell Lord
<person> English physician, 1895-1966. ... See: Brain's reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brain's reflex
Synonym for quadripedal extensor reflex ... Extension of the arm of a hemiplegic patient when turned prone as if on all fours. ... Synonym: Brain's reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

braincase
Synonym for neurocranium ... Those bones of the skull enclosing the brain, as distinguished from the bones of the face. ... Synonym: braincase, cranial vault, cranium cerebrale, cerebral cranium. ... Origin: neuro-+ G. Kranion, skull ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brainstem
<anatomy> The lowest part of the brain, which merges with the spinal cord. It consists of the medulla oblongata, midbrain and pons. ... Originally, the entire unpaired subdivision of the brain, composed of (in anterior sequence) the rhombencephalon, mesencephalon, and diecephalon as distinguished from the brain's only paired subdivision, the t …

brainstem glioma
<oncology, tumour> This primary brain tumour occurs in the pons or the medulla. They account for approximately 15% of brain tumours in children. ... Symptoms include double vision, facial weakness, vomiting and difficulty walking. Surgery is difficult due to location so radiation therapy and chemotherapy are used. Overall survival is 20 to 30% …

brainstem haemorrhage
Haemorrhage into the pons or mesencephalon, often secondary to brainstem distortion by transtentorial herniations due to rapidly expanding intracranial lesions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brainwashing
<psychology> Inducing an individual to modify attitudes and actions in certain directions through the application of various forms of psychological pressure or torture. ... (17 Dec 1997) ...