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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

bronze diabetes
A genetic disease in which the body takes in too much iron from food, this causes excess iron to be deposited in the liver and heart and other organs, eventually leading to organ failure and death. ... This illness is called bronze diabetes because the kidneys often fail, leading to symptoms similar to those found with diabetes mellitus, and because …

bronzed diabetes
Synonym for bronze diabetes ... A genetic disease in which the body takes in too much iron from food, this causes excess iron to be deposited in the liver and heart and other organs, eventually leading to organ failure and death. ... This illness is called bronze diabetes because the kidneys often fail, leading to symptoms similar to those found with …

bronzed disease
Synonym for bronze diabetes ... A genetic disease in which the body takes in too much iron from food, this causes excess iron to be deposited in the liver and heart and other organs, eventually leading to organ failure and death. ... This illness is called bronze diabetes because the kidneys often fail, leading to symptoms similar to those found with …

bronzed skin
The dark skin in Addison's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brood
1. The young birds hatched at one time; a hatch; as, a brood of chicken. 'As a hen doth gather her brood under her wings.' (Luke xiii. 34) 'A hen followed by a brood of ducks.' (Spectator) ... 2. The young from the same dam, whether produced at the same time or not; young children of the same mother, especially if nearly of the same age; offspring; …

brood capsules
Small hollow projections from the lining membrane of a hydatid cyst from which the scoleces arise. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brood cell
Synonym for mother cell ... A cell which, by division, gives rise to two or more daughter cell's. ... Synonym: brood cell, metrocyte, parent cell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brooke, Bryan
<person> British surgeon, *1915. ... See: Brooke ileostomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brooke, Henry
<person> English dermatologist, 1854-1919. ... See: Brooke's disease, Brooke's tumour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brooke's disease
Trichoepithelioma. ... Synonym: keratosis follicularis contagiosa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brooke's tumour
Synonym for trichoepithelioma ... <tumour> Multiple small benign nodules, occurring mostly on the skin of the face, derived from basal cells of hair follicles enclosing small keratin cysts; frequent autosomal dominant inheritance. ... Synonym: acanthoma adenoides cysticum, Brooke's tumour, epithelioma adenoides cysticum, hereditary multiple tri …

broom
1. <botany> A plant having twigs suitable for making brooms to sweep with when bound together; especially, the Cytisus scoparius of Western Europe, which is a low shrub with long, straight, green, angular branches, mintue leaves, and large yellow flowers. 'No gypsy cowered o'er fires of furze and broom.' (Wordsworth) ... 2. An implement for sw …

broom rape
<botany> A genus (Orobanche) of parasitic plants of Europe and Asia. They are destitute of chlorophyll, have scales instead of leaves, and spiked flowers, and grow attached to the roots of other plants, as furze, clover, flax, wild carrot, etc. The name is sometimes applied to other plants related to this genus, as Aphyllon uniflorumand A. Lu …

broom-like
<botany> Describes a plant which has many branches parallel or almost so and usually erect. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

broth
In the food industry, a thin liquid which is made by boiling meat or vegetables or bones and is used in preparing other foods. It can be found in powder form in most grocery stores. ... <cell culture> A liquid medium containing a variety of nutrients which is used to grow cultures of bacteria and other microorganisms. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

brother
Origin: OE. Brother, AS. Broor; akin to OS. Brothar, D. Broeder, OHG. Pruodar, G. Bruder, Icel. Broir, Sw. & Dan. Broder, Goth. Broar, Ir. Brathair, W. Brawd, pl. Brodyr, Lith. Brolis, Lett. Brahlis, Russ. Brat', Pol. & Serv. Brat, OSlav. Brat, L. Frater, Skr. Bhrat, Zend. Bratar brother, Gr, a clansman. The common plural is Brothers; in th …

brother complex
Synonym for Cain complex ... Extreme envy or jealousy of a brother, leading to hatred. ... Synonym: brother complex. ... Origin: Cain, biblical personage ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brotherhood
1. The state of being brothers or a brother. ... 2. An association for any purpose, as a society of monks; a fraternity. ... 3. The whole body of persons engaged in the same business, especially those of the same profession; as, the legal or medical brotherhood. ... 4. Persons, and, poetically, things, of a like kind. 'A brotherhood of venerable trees …

brotizolam
A triazolo-benzodiazepine derivative with a sulfur and bromine atom in the molecule. Used as a sedative and hypnotic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brow
1. The eyebrow. ... See: eyebrow. ... Synonym: forehead. ... Origin: A.S. Bru ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

browlift
Operation to elevate the eyebrows. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brown
Of a dark colour, of various shades between black and red or yellow. 'Cheeks brown as the oak leaves.' (Longfellow) Brown Bess, the old regulation flintlock smoothbore musket, with bronzed barrel, formerly used in the British army. Brown bread Dark coloured bread; especially. A kind made of unbolted wheat flour, sometimes called in the United State …

brown adipose tissue
Synonym for brown fat ... A thermogenic type of adipose tissue containing a dark pigment, and arising during embryonic life in certain specific areas in many mammals, including man. It is prominent in the newborn of all species in which it occurs and remains a distinct and conspicuous tissue in the adults of certain species, especially those that hi …

brown atrophy
Atrophy of the heart wall, especially in the elderly, in which the muscle is dark reddish brown and reduced in volume; the muscle fibres become pigmented especially about the nuclei, by lipochrome granules. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brown bill
A bill or halberd of the 16th and 17th centuries. See 4th Bill. 'Many time, but for a sallet, my brainpan had been cleft with a brown bill.' (Shak) ... The black, or as it is sometimes called, the brown bill, was a kind of halberd, the cutting part hooked like a woodman's bill, from the back of which projected a spike, and another from the head. ... …

brown fat
A thermogenic type of adipose tissue containing a dark pigment, and arising during embryonic life in certain specific areas in many mammals, including man. It is prominent in the newborn of all species in which it occurs and remains a distinct and conspicuous tissue in the adults of certain species, especially those that hibernate. It is also calle …

brown fat cell
<pathology> Brown fat is specialised for heat production and the adipocytes have many mitochondria in which an inner membrane protein can act as an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation allowing rapid thermogenesis. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

brown induration of the lung
A condition characterised by firmness of the lungs, and a brown colour associated with haemosiderin-pigmented macrophages in alveoli, consequent upon long-continued congestion due to heart disease. ... Synonym: pigment induration of the lung. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brown layer
Synonym for lamina fusca of sclera ... An exceedingly delicate layer of loose, pigmented connective tissue on the inner surface of the sclera, connecting it with the choroid. ... Synonym: lamina fusca sclerae, brown layer, membrana fusca. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brown lung
Obstructive airway disease with asthma produced by exposure to cotton dust, flax or hemp. ... See: byssinosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brown oedema
Oedema of the lungs associated with chronic passive congestion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brown pellicle
Synonym for acquired pellicle ... A thin film (about 1 um), derived mainly from salivary glycoproteins, which forms over the surface of a cleansed tooth crown when it is exposed to the saliva. ... Synonym: acquired cuticle, acquired enamel cuticle, brown pellicle, posteruption cuticle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brown striae
Synonym for Retzius' striae ... Dark concentric lines crossing the enamel prisms of the teeth, seen in axial cross sections of the enamel. ... Synonym: brown striae, striae parallelae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brown tumour
A mass of fibrous tissue containing haemosiderin-pigmented macrophages and multinucleated giant cells, replacing and expanding part of a bone in primary hyperparathyroidism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brown-Adson forceps
An Adson forceps with about 16 delicate teeth on each tip. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brown-Brenn stain
<technique> A method for differential staining of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in tissue sections; it utilises a modified Gram stain of crystal violet, Gram's iodine, and basic fuchsin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brown-sequard syndrome
<syndrome> A syndrome due to damage of one half of the spinal cord, resulting in ipsilateral paralysis below the level of the lesion and loss of discriminatory and joint sensation, and contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensation. Brown-sequard was a french physiologist, 1817-1894. The syndrome is also called brown-sequard disease and …

Brown-Sequard, Charles
<person> French physiologist and neurologist, 1817-1894. ... See: Brown-Sequard's paralysis, Brown-Sequard's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brown-Sequard's paralysis
Synonym for Brown-Sequard's syndrome ... <neurology, syndrome> A type of spinal cord lesion that is characterised by hemiparaplegia and hyperesthesia, but with loss of motor function on the same side as the lesion and hemianaesthesia on the opposite side. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

Brown-Sequard's syndrome
<neurology, syndrome> A type of spinal cord lesion that is characterised by hemiparaplegia and hyperesthesia, but with loss of motor function on the same side as the lesion and hemianaesthesia on the opposite side. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

Brown, Harold
<person> U.S. Ophthalmologist, *1898. ... See: Brown's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brown, James
<person> U.S. Plastic surgeon, 1899-1971. ... See: Blair-Brown graft, Brown-Adson forceps. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brown, James H
<person> U.S. Microbiologist, *1884. ... See: Brown-Brenn stain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brown, Robert
<person> English botanist, 1773-1858. ... See: brownian motion, brownian movement, brownian-Zsigmondy movement. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brown's syndrome
<syndrome> An ophthalmology (eye) problem. Brown's syndrome presents as an abnormality at birth (congenitally) and is characterised by an inability to elevate the eyeball when also trying to move the eyeball to the outside. Brown's syndrome can also occur because of other conditions which affect the normal function of the eye muscles. ... (12 …

Browne, Sir Denis John
<person> British surgeon, *1892. ... See: Denis Browne's pouch, Denis Browne splint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brownian motion
<chemistry, physics> Random motion of small objects as a result of intermolecular collisions. First described by the 19th Century microscopist, Brown. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

brownian movement
Erratic, nondirectional, zigzag movement observed by ultramicroscope in certain colloidal solutions and by microscope in suspensions of light particulate matter that results from the jostling or bumping of the larger particles by the molecules in the suspending medium which are regarded as being in continuous motion. ... Synonym: brownian motion, br …

brownian-Zsigmondy movement
Synonym for brownian movement ... Erratic, nondirectional, zigzag movement observed by ultramicroscope in certain colloidal solutions and by microscope in suspensions of light particulate matter that results from the jostling or bumping of the larger particles by the molecules in the suspending medium which are regarded as being in continuous motion …

Browning, William
<person> U.S. Anatomist and neurologist, 1855-1941. ... See: Browning's vein. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Browning's vein
Synonym for inferior anastomotic vein ... <anatomy, vein> An inconstant vein that passes from the superficial middle cerebral vein posteriorly over the lateral aspect of the temporal lobe to enter the transverse sinus. ... Synonym: vena anastomotica inferior, Browning's vein, Labbe's vein. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

browse
The tender branches or twigs of trees and shrubs, fit for the food of cattle and other animals; green food. 'Sheep, goats, and oxen, and the nobler steed, On browse, and corn, and flowery meadows feed.' (Dryden) ... Origin: OF. Brost, broust, sprout, shoot, F. Brout browse, browsewood, prob. Fr. OHG. Burst, G. Borste, bristle; cf. Also Armor. Broust …

browse protection
<ecology> Mechanical or chemical protection of shrubs and trees against damage caused by game and grasing animals. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

browsed
<botany> Any tree with several centimetres of one or more limb tips, including but not restricted to, the tallest limb, bitten off by deer or other wildlife. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Bruce, Sir David
<person> British surgeon, 1855-1931. ... See: Brucella, brucellosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brucella
A genus of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria that causes brucellosis. Its cells are nonmotile coccobacilli and are animal parasites and pathogens. The bacterium is transmissible to humans through contact with infected dairy products or tissue. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Brucella canis
A species causing epididymitis, brucellosis, and abortion in dogs; occasionally causes mild human disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brucella melitensis
A species of the genus brucella whose natural hosts are sheep and goats. Other mammals, including man, may be infected. In general, these organisms tend to be more virulent for laboratory animals than brucella abortus and may cause fatal infections. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

brucella serology
<microbiology> An blood analysis that detects the presence of antibodies against Brucella bacteria. This test may need to be repeated since the antibodies increase with duration of infection. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

brucella strain 19 vaccine
A live bacterial vaccine prepared from an attenuated variant strain of Brucella abortus (strain 19); used for vaccinating cattle against brucellosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brucella suis
A species causing abortion in swine, brucellosis in man, and a wasting disease in chickens; may also infect horses, dogs, cows, monkeys, goats, and laboratory animals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brucella vaccine
A bacterial vaccine for the prevention of brucellosis in man and animal. Brucella abortus vaccine is used for the immunization of cattle, sheep, and goats. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Brucellaceae
A family of bacteria (order Eubacteriales) containing small, coccoid to rod-shaped, Gram-negative cells which occur singly, in pairs, in short chains, or in groups. The cells may or may not show bipolar staining. Motile and nonmotile species occur; motile cells are peritrichous. V (phosphopyridine nucleotide) and/or X (hemin) factors are sometimes …

brucellergin
A fat-free nucleoprotein antigen derived from brucella; used in skin tests for brucellosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brucellin
A vaccine prepared from several species of Brucella; formerly thought to prevent or cure brucellosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brucellosis
<microbiology> A rare infection (less than 200 cases per year in the U.S.) caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella. Human infection results from occupational exposure to infected animals or by ingestion of infected milk, milk products or animal tissue. ... Symptoms are non-specific and include fever, malaise and weight loss. ... (27 Sep 1997)< …

brucellosis, bovine
A disease of cattle caused by bacteria of the genus brucella leading to abortion in late pregnancy. Brucella abortus is the primary infective agent. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

bruch membrane
The membrane, also called the lamina basalis choroideae, that acts as a support structure on the inner side of the choroid (the vascular sheet that supplies the retinal pigment epithelium and the outer portion of the sensory retina adjacent to it). It is 7 microns thick and is composed of the basement membranes of the choriocapillaris endothelium a …

Bruch, Carl
<person> German anatomist, 1819-1884. ... See: Bruch's glands, Bruch's membrane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bruch's glands
Lymph nodes in the palpebral conjunctiva. ... Synonym: trachoma glands. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bruch's membrane
Synonym for lamina basalis choroideae ... The transparent, nearly structureless inner layer of the choroid in contact with the pigmented layer of the retina. ... Synonym: basal lamina of choroid, basal layer of choroid, Bruch's membrane, Henle's membrane, lamina vitrea, vitreous lamella, vitreous membrane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bruck, Alfred
<person> German physician, *1865. ... See: Bruck's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bruck's disease
A disease marked by osteogenesis imperfecta, ankylosis of the joints, and muscular atrophy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brucke-Bartley phenomenon
The sensation of glare in response to successive stimuli at frequencies just below the fusion point. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brucke, Ernst von
<person> Austrian physiologist, 1819-1892. ... See: Brucke's muscle, Brucke's tunic, Brucke-Bartley phenomenon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brucke's muscle
<anatomy> The part of the ciliary muscle formed by the meridional fibres. ... Synonym: Crampton's muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brucke's tunic
Synonym for tunica nervea ... <anatomy> An older term, formerly used to designate the retina exclusive of the layer of rods and cones. ... Synonym: Brucke's tunic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brudzinski, Josef von
<person> Polish physician, 1874-1917. ... See: Brudzinski's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brudzinski's sign
<clinical sign> A physical examination finding that can indicate inflammation of the meninges (meningitis), performed in two forms: passive flexion of one leg results in a similar movement on the opposite side or if the neck is passively flexed, flexion occurs in the legs. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

Brug's filariasis
Infection with filarial organism Brugia malayi, which causes adenitis, fever, lymphangitis, and sometimes elephantiasis; occurs primarily in southeast Asia, India, Indonesia, China, Japan, Korea, and the Philippines. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brugia
A filarial worm of southeast asia, producing filariasis and elephantiasis in various mammals including man. It was formerly included in the genus wuchereria. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

brugia malayi
A species of parasitic nematode causing malayan filariasis and having a distribution centreing roughly on the malay peninsula. The life cycle of b. Malayi is similar to that of wuchereria bancrofti, except that in most areas the principal mosquito vectors belong to the genus mansonia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

brugia pahangi
A species of parasitic nematode found in man and other mammals. It has been reported from malaya and east pakistan and may produce symptoms of tropical eosinophilia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Brugsch's syndrome
Synonym for pachydermoperiostosis ... <radiology> Idiopathic, familial hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, boys at puberty, blacks more than whites, familial, periosteal reaction, thick skin: extremities and forehead, hyperhidrosis, relatively pain free ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

bruise
An injury to the flesh of animals, or to plants, fruit, etc, with a blunt or heavy instrument, or by collision with some other body; a contusion; as, a bruise on the head; bruises on fruit. 'From the sole of the foot even unto the head there is no soundness in it; but wounds, and bruises.' (Isa. I. 6) ... 1. To injure, as by a blow or collision, wit …

bruissement
A purring auscultatory sound. ... Origin: Fr. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bruit
<cardiology, clinical sign> An unexpected audible swishing sound or murmur heard over an artery or vascular channel. Indicates increased turbulence often caused by a partial obstruction. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

bruit de canon
The loud first heart sound heard intermittently in complete atrioventricular block and in interference-dissociation when the ventricles happen to contract shortly after the atria. ... Synonym: cannon sound. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bruit de claquement
The sound of cardiac clicks. ... See: click. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bruit de cuir neuf
The sound of new leather (also bruit de craquement); a creaking pericardial friction sound heard mainly in chronic pericarditis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bruit de diable
Synonym for venous hum ... <cardiology, clinical sign> A brief or continuous noise originating from the neck veins that may be confused with cardiac murmurs, particularly with the continuous murmur of patent ductus arteriosus. ... Synonym: bruit de diable, nun's murmur. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bruit de frolement
A rough, rustling sound made by a pleural or pericardial friction rub. ... Origin: Fr. Rustling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bruit de galop
Synonym for gallop ... A triple cadence to the heart sounds; due to an abnormal third or fourth heart sound being heard in addition to the first and second sounds, and usually indicative of serious disease. ... Synonym: bruit de galop, cantering rhythm, gallop rhythm, Traube's bruit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bruit de la roue de moulin
A gurgling or splashing mill-wheel sounds heard when both fluid and air are present in the pericardial sac. ... Origin: Fr. Mill ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bruit de lime
Introduced by R. Laennec to describe a rough rasping murmur. ... Origin: Fr. File ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bruit de rappel
Applied by J. B. Bouillaud to describe the cadence of a split-second heart sound, or of the second sound followed by an opening snap or early third heart sound. ... Synonym: double-shock sound. ... Origin: Fr. Drum-beat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bruit de Roger
Synonym for Roger's murmur ... A loud pansystolic murmur maximal at the left sternal border, caused by a small ventricular septal defect. ... Synonym: bruit de Roger, Roger's bruit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bruit de scie
A harsh heart murmur heard in systole and diastole that produces a sound resembling that of a saw. ... Origin: Fr. Saw ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bruit de scie ou de rape
Introduced by R. Laennec to describe harsh, rasping murmurs. ... Origin: Fr. Saw, rasp ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bruit de soufflet
Introduced by R. Laennec to describe a blowing murmur. ... Origin: Fr. Bellows ... (05 Mar 2000) ...