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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

bruit de tabourka
A loud tambour-like or bell-like second heart sound heard at the aortic area in syphilitic aortitis. ... Origin: Fr. Tambour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bruit de tambour
Reverberating, musical tone heard as the second heart sound over the aortic area, associated with syphilitic aortic valvular disease. ... Synonym: tambour sound. ... Origin: Fr. Sound of drum ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bruit de triolet
Introduced by L. Gallavardin to describe the triple cadence produced by a systolic click added to the first and second heart sounds. ... Origin: Fr. A little trio ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brumpt, Emile
<person> French parasitologist, 1877-1951. ... See: Brumpt's white mycetoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brumpt's white mycetoma
Mycetoma caused by Pseudallescheria boydii, occurring in temperate and subtropical areas in India; small, white to yellow, hard to soft granules are discharged through the draining sinuses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brunei
An independent sultanate on the northeast coast of borneo. Its chief products are oil and natural gas. Its name is hindi, coming from the sanskrit bhumi, land or region. It gave its name brunei to borneo. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Brunn reaction
The increased absorption of water through the skin of the frog when the animal is injected with pituitrin and immersed in water; one of the physiological reactions used to study and classify posterior pituitary polypeptides and their analogues. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brunn, Albert von
<person> German anatomist, 1849-1895. ... See: Brunn's membrane, Brunn's nests. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brunn, Fritz
<person> 20th century Czechoslovakian physician. ... See: Brunn reaction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brunn's membrane
The epithelium of the olfactory region of the nose. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brunner, Johann
<person> Swiss anatomist, 1653-1727. ... See: Brunner's glands. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brunner, Johann Konrad
<person> B. Diessenhofen, Switzerland, Jan. 16th, 1653. D. Mannheim, Oct. 2nd, 1727. Studied under Duverney in Paris and became Professor of Anatomy at Heidelberg (1687) and Strasburg. ... Brunner's Glands - glandulae duodenales. Descriptio de glandulis in duodeno intestino detectis. Heidelberg. 1687. Also: Physiologica de glandulis duodeni co …

brunner's glands
Tubuloalveolar glands in the submucous layer of the duodenum which opens into the crypts of lieberkuhn. They secrete urogastrone (see epidermal growth factor-urogastrone). They are also called glandulae duodenales or duodenal glands. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

brunneroma
<tumour> An adenoma of Brunner's glands; a rare solitary tumour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brunnerosis
Benign nodular hyperplasia of Brunner's glands. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brunonian
Pertaining to, or invented by, Brown; a term applied to a system of medicine promulgated in the 18th century by John Brown, of Scotland, the fundamental doctrine of which was, that life is a state of excitation produced by the normal action of external agents upon the body, and that disease consists in excess or deficiency of excitation. ... Source: …

Bruns ataxia
Difficulty in initiation of movements of the feet when they are in contact with the ground; a condition related to a frontal lobe lesion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bruns, Ludwig von
<person> German neurologist, 1858-1916. ... See: Bruns ataxia, Bruns' nystagmus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bruns' nystagmus
A fine, jerking (vestibular) nystagmus on horizontal gaze in one direction, together with a slower, larger amplitude (gaze, paretic) nystagmus on looking in the opposite direction; due to lateral brainstem compression, usually by a cerebellar-pontine angle mass such as an acoustic neuroma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brunschwig, Alexander
<person> U.S. Surgeon, 1901-1969. ... See: Brunschwig's operation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brunschwig's operation
Synonym for total pelvic exenteration ... Removal of the urinary bladder, lower parts of the ureter, vagina, uterus, adnexa, rectum, anus, and adjacent lymph nodes; a colostomy and urinary diversion are necessary. ... Synonym: Brunschwig's operation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brush
1. An instrument composed of bristles, or other like material, set in a suitable back or handle, as of wood, bone, or ivory, and used for various purposes, as in removing dust from clothes, laying on colours, etc. Brushes have different shapes and names according to their use; as, clothes brush, paint brush, tooth brush, etc. ... 2. The bushy tail o …

brush biopsy
Biopsy obtained by passing a bristled catheter into the ureter or pyelocalyceal system to remove cells from suspected areas of disease by entrapping them in the bristles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brush border
<pathology> The densely packed microvilli on the apical surface of, for example: intestinal epithelial cells. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

brush burn
A burn caused by friction of a rapidly moving object against the skin or ground into the skin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brush catheter
A ureteral catheter with a finely bristled brush tip that is endoscopically passed into the ureter or renal pelvis and by gentle to-and-fro movement brushes cells from the surface of suspected tumours. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brush habitat
<ecology> Includes a wide variety of plant and animal life dominated by and associated with coastal scrub and chaparral. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

brush heap structure
Haphazard interlocking of fibrils in a gel or hydrocolloid impression material. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brush layering
<ecology> Placing horizontal layers of tree branches or twigs in a gully or along a slope and then partially covering the branches with soil, the branches act to hold the soil in place and to absorb momentum from water flowing over the area. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

brush turkey
<zoology> A large, edible, gregarious bird of Australia (Talegalla Lathami) of the family Megapodidae. Also applied to several allied species of new Guinea. ... The brush turkeys live in the 'brush,' and construct a common nest by collecting a large heap of decaying vegetable matter, which generates heat sufficient to hatch the numerous eggs ( …

Brushfield-Wyatt disease
A familial disorder characterised by unilateral nevus, contralateral hemiplegia, hemianopia, cerebral angioma, and mental retardation; possibly a variant of Sturge-Weber syndrome. ... Synonym: nevoid amentia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Brushfield, Thomas
<person> British physician, 1858-1937. ... See: Brushfield's spots, Brushfield-Wyatt disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

brushing
And ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

brussels
A city of Belgium, giving its name to a kind of carpet, a kind of lace, etc. Brussels carpet, a kind of carpet made of worsted yarn fixed in a foundation web of strong linen thread. The worsted, which alone shows on the upper surface in drawn up in loops to form the pattern. Brussels ground, a name given to the handmade ground of real Brussels lace …

brute
1. Not having sensation; senseless; inanimate; unconscious; without intelligence or volition; as, the brute earth; the brute powers of nature. ... 2. Not possessing reason, irrational; unthinking; as, a brute beast; the brute creation. 'A creature . . . Not prone And brute as other creatures, but endued With sanctity of reason.' (Milton) ... 3. Of, p …

Bruton's disease
<disease, immunology> An inherited disease due to agammaglobulinaemia caused by a deficiency in B lymphocyte function. ... Inheritance: sex-linked recessive. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

bruxism
<dentistry> Compulsive grinding or clenching of the teeth especially at night. ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

Bryant
Sir Thomas, English surgeon, 1828-1914. ... See: Bryant's sign, Bryant's traction, Bryant's triangle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bryant's sign
<clinical sign> In dislocation of the shoulder, an abnormal position of axillary folds occurs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bryant's traction
Traction upon the lower limb placed vertically, employed especially in fractures of the femur in children. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bryant's triangle
In fracture of the neck of the femur to determine upward displacement of the trochanter, lines are drawn on the body to form a triangle: line a is drawn around the body at the level of the anterior superior iliac spines; line b, perpendicular to line a, is drawn to the great trochanter of the femur; line c is drawn from the trochanter to the iliac …

bryony
<botany> The common name of several cucurbitaceous plants of the genus Bryonia. The root of B. Alba (rough or white bryony) and of B. Dioica is a strong, irritating cathartic. Black bryony, a plant (Tamus communis) so named from its dark glossy leaves and black root; black bindweed. ... Origin: L. Bryonia, Gr, fr. To swell, esp. Of plants. ... …

bryophyte
<botany> Any primitive plant in the division Bryophyta, includes liverworts, mosses, and hornworts. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

bryophytes
Plants of the phylum Bryophyta, including mosses, liverworts and hornworts, characterised by the lack of true roots, stems and leaves. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

bryozoa
<zoology> A class of Molluscoidea, including minute animals which by budding form compound colonies. ... Synonym: Polyzoa. ... They are often coralike in form and appearance, each small cell containing an individual zooid. Other species grow in delicate, flexible, branched forms, resembling moss, whence the name. Some are found in fresh water, …

bryozoum
<zoology> An individual zooid of a bryozoan coralline, of which there may be two or more kinds in a single colony. The zooecia usually have a wreath of tentacles around the mouth, and a well developed stomach and intestinal canal; but these parts are lacking in the other zooids (Avicularia, Ooecia, etc). ... Origin: NL. See Bryozoa. ... Source: …

BSA
<abbreviation> Bovine serum albumin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

BSase
<enzyme> Glutamic acid-specific endopeptidase from bacillus subtilis atcc 6051; previously thought to be a metalloproteinase. ... Registry number: EC 3.4.21.- ... Synonym: mpr gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

BSE
<abbreviation> Bovine spongiform encephalopathy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

BSER
<abbreviation> Brainstem evoked response. ... See: brainstem evoked response audiometry. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

BSP test
Synonym for bromsulphalein test ... An obsolete test for liver function (hepatic excretory capacity) in which a known amount of dye, usually 5 mg/kg of body weight, is injected intravenously; subsequently (usually after 45 minutes elapsed time), the amount of dye remaining in the serum is measured; a concentration of 0.4 mg or less of bromsulphalein …

Bsp6I methyltransferase
<enzyme> From plasmid-borne gene bsp6i of bacillus; 315 amino acids, mw 36.3 kD; genbank x81638 ... Registry number: EC 2.1.1- ... Synonym: bsp6i mtase, bsp6im gene product, bsp6i methylase, m.bsp6i ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

BSSHII methyltransferase
<enzyme> A multispecific methyltransferase recognizing five different targets from bacillus; amino acid sequence has been determined ... Registry number: EC 2.1.1.- ... Synonym: bsshii mtase, m.bsshii ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

BT factor
Synonym for carnitine ... <biochemistry> _ Hydroxy _ trimethyl aminobutyric acid. Compound that transports long chain fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane in the form of acyl carnitine. Sometimes referred to as Vitamin Bt or Vitamin B7. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Bt2cAMP
N 6,O2'-dibutyryladenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate, a dibutyryl derivative of cAMP. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

BTPS
Symbol indicating that a gas volume has been expressed as if it were saturated with water vapor at body temperature (37°C) and at the ambient barometric pressure; used for measurements of lung volumes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

BTU
Synonym for British Thermal Unit ... <unit> Unit of energy needed to raise one pound of water by one degree fahrenheit. ... It is equal to 252 calories or 1055 Joules. ... Acronym: BTU ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

BTX
<abbreviation> Brevotoxins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buaki
A nutritional (protein deficiency) disease observed in natives of the Congo and characterised by oedema, skin lesions, and anaemia; possibly related to kwashiorkor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buba madre
Synonym for mother yaw ... A large granulomatous lesion, considered to be the initial lesion in yaws, most commonly present on the hand, leg, or foot. ... Synonym: buba madre, frambesioma, mamanpian, protopianoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bubas
Synonym: yaws. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bubas braziliana
Synonym for espundia ... A type of American leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania braziliensis that affects the mucous membranes, particularly in the nasal and oral region, resulting in grossly destructive changes; particularly common in Brazil where a significant proportion of persons infected with L. Braziliensis develop this condition; may develop m …

bubble gum dermatitis
Allergic contact dermatitis developing about the lips in children who chew bubble gum; caused by plastics in the gum substance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bubbler irrigation
<botany> An irrigation system which injects a slow trickle of water into the ground next to plant roots. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

bubbling rale
Moist sound heard through the stethoscope as a result of air entering portions of lung tissue containing exudate and thus creating bubbles; sometimes associated with resolving pneumonia or small lung cavities. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bubbly bone lesion
<radiology> Fibrous dysplasia, enchondroma, giant cell tumour (GCT), non-ossifying fibroma, osteoblastoma, myeloma, aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC), angioma, simple (solitary, unicameral) bone cyst, hyperparathyroid cyst, infection (Brodie's abscess; coccidioidomycosis; echinococcus), chondromyxoid fibroma, chondroblastoma mnemonic: FEGNOMASHIC (! …

buboes
The plural of bubo. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

bubonalgia
Rarely used term for pain in the groin. ... Origin: G. Boubon, groin, + algos, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bubonic
Relating in any way to a bubo. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bubonic plague
<microbiology> This rare bacterial infection due to Yersinia pestis. ... It can cause painful, enlarged lymph nodes, fever, headache and prostration 2-7 days after a flea bite. May also cause pneumonia and sepsis. ... Transmitted in rodents and humans via an infected flea bite. The incubation period is 2-10 days. Yersinia infection is now rare …

bubonulus
1. An abscess occurring along the course of a lymphatic vessel. ... 2. One of a number of hard nodules, often breaking down into ulcers, which form along the course of acutely inflamed lymphatic vessels of the dorsum of the penis. ... Origin: Mod. L. Dim. Of bubo ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bucardia
Synonym: ox heart. ... Origin: G. Bous, ox, + kardia, heart ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bucca
Synonym: cheek. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buccal
<anatomy> Pertaining to or directed toward the cheek. ... <dentistry> In dental anatomy, used to refer to the buccal surface of a tooth. ... Origin: L. Buccalis, from bucca = cheek ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

buccal angles
Angle's formed by the buccal surface of a tooth joining the other surfaces. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buccal artery
<anatomy, artery> Origin, maxillary; distribution, buccinator muscle, skin, and mucous membrane of cheek; anastomoses, buccal branch of facial. ... Synonym: arteria buccalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buccal branches of facial nerve
<anatomy, nerve> Motor branches of the facial nerve distributed to buccina or muscle and other muscles of facial expression below orbit and above chin. ... Synonym: rami buccales nervi facialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buccal caries
Caries beginning with decay on the buccal surface of a tooth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buccal cavity
Synonym for oral vestibule ... That part of the mouth bounded anteriorly and laterally by the lips and the cheeks, posteriorly and medially by the teeth and/or gums, and above and below by the reflections of the mucosa from the lips and cheeks to the gums. ... Synonym: vestibulum oris, buccal cavity, vestibule of mouth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buccal curve
The line of the dental arch from the canine, or cuspid tooth to the third molar. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buccal digestion
That part of digestion carried on in the mouth; e.g., the action of salivary amylases. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buccal embrasure
A space existing on the facial aspect of the interproximal contact area between adjacent posterior teeth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buccal fat-pad
An encapsuled mass of fat in the cheek on the outer side of the buccinator muscle, especially marked in the infant; supposed to strengthen and support the cheek during the act of sucking. ... Synonym: corpus adiposum buccae, Bichat's fat-pad, Bichat's protuberance, fat body of cheek, sucking cushion, sucking pad, suctorial pad. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buccal flange
The portion of the flange of a denture that occupies the buccal vestibule of the mouth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buccal gingiva
That portion of the gingiva that covers the buccal surfaces of the teeth and alveolar process. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buccal glands
Numerous racemose, mucous, or serous glands in the submucous tissue of the cheeks. ... Synonym: glandulae buccales, genal glands. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buccal lymph node
One of the chain of facial lymph nodes located superficial to the buccinator muscle. ... Synonym: nodus buccinatorius, buccinator node, buccal node. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buccal mucosa
<anatomy, gastroenterology> Mucous membrane lining the inner cheek. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

buccal nerve
<anatomy, nerve> A sensory branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve; it passes downward emerging from beneath the ramus of the mandible to run forward on the buccinator muscle, piercing (but not supplying) it to supply the buccal mucous membrane and skin of the cheek near the angle of the mouth. ... Synonym: nervus buccalis, b …

buccal node
Synonym for buccal lymph node ... One of the chain of facial lymph nodes located superficial to the buccinator muscle. ... Synonym: nodus buccinatorius, buccinator node, buccal node. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buccal occlusion
Malposition of a tooth toward the cheek, the occlusion as seen from the buccal side of the teeth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buccal pit
A structural depression found on the buccal enamel of molars. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buccal region
The region of the cheek, corresponding approximately to the outlines of the underlying buccinator muscle. ... Synonym: regio buccalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buccal smear
A cytologic smear containing material obtained by scraping the lateral buccal mucosa above the dentate line, smearing, and fixing immediately; used principally for determining somatic sex as indicated by the presence of the sex chromocenter (Barr body). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buccal surface
The mucosa of the cheek, in prosthodontics, the side of a denture adjacent to the cheek. ... Synonym: vestibular surface of tooth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buccal tablet
Usually a small, flat tablet intended to be inserted in the buccal pouch, where the active ingredient is absorbed directly through the oral mucosa; such a tablet dissolves or erodes slowly. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buccal tube
<dentistry> A small metal part that is welded on the outside of a molar bank. The buccal tube contains a slots to hold archwires, lip bumpers, face-bows and other things your orthodontist uses to move your teeth. ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

buccal vestibule
That part of the oral vestibule related to the cheek. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

buccaneer
A robber upon the sea; a pirate; a term applied especially to the piratical adventurers who made depredations on the Spaniards in America in the 17th and 18th centuries. ... Alternative forms: bucanier. ... Primarily, one who dries and smokes flesh or fish after the manner of the Indians. The name was first given to the French settlers in Hayti or Hi …

buccinator
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, posterior portion of alveolar portion of maxilla and mandible and pterygomandibular raphe; insertion, orbicularis oris at angle of mouth; action, flattens cheek, retracts angle of mouth; nerve supply, facial. Plays an important role in mastication, working with tongue to keep food between teeth; when it is paralysed, …