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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

C1 esterase
The activated first component of complement (C1). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

C1 esterase inhibitor
An a2-neuraminoglycoprotein that inhibits the enzymatic activity of C1 esterase, the activated first component of complement. A deficiency of this inhibitor results in a lack of inhibition of C1r and C1s leading to uncontrolled activation of the complement cascade and oedema. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

C2 kinin
<biochemistry, protein> A kinin like fragment generated from complement C2, causes vasodilation and increased vascular permeability. Distinct from bradykinin. ... (07 Nov 1997) ...

c3 cycle
<biochemistry> The part of the photosynthesis process where carbon dioxide is converted into three-carbon compounds, which can then be turned into six-carbon sugars. ... (07 Nov 1997) ...

C3 plant
<plant biology> Plants that fix carbon dioxide in photosynthesis by the Calvin Benson cycle. ... The enzyme responsible for carbon dioxide fixation is RuDP carboxylase, whose products are compounds containing three carbon atoms. C3 plants are typical of temperate climates. Photorespiration in these plants is high. ... (07 Nov 1997) ...

C3 proactivator
Synonym for properdin factor b ... <enzyme> A glycine-rich, heat-labile beta-glycoprotein found in blood. It is a proactivator of complement 3 in the alternate pathway of complement activation. Factor b is converted by factor d to c3 convertase. ... Registry number: EC 3.4.21.47 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

C3 proactivator convertase
Synonym for properdin factor d ... <enzyme> A serum protein which during the alternate pathway of complement activation converts the inactive properdin factor b to c3 convertase. ... Registry number: EC 3.4.21.46 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

c4 cycle
<plant biology> An alternative, very efficient pathway used by plants living in areas with low levels of carbon dioxide, to convert carbon dioxide into a form usable by the plants during photosynthesis. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

C4 plant
<plant biology> Plants found principally in hot climates whose initial fixation of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis is by the HSK pathway. ... The enzyme responsible is PEP carboxylase, whose products contain four carbon atoms. Subsequently the carbon dioxide is released and re fixed by the Calvin Benson cycle. ... The presence of the HSK pathw …

C5a peptidase
<enzyme> Streptococcus pyogenes enzyme inactivates complement 5a by cleaving at lysine 68, removing a six-amino acid fragment ... Pharmacological action: complement inactivators ... Registry number: EC 3.4.99.- ... Synonym: streptococcus c5a peptidase, gbs c5a-ase, group b streptococci c5a-ase, scpa protein ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

c600
<microbiology> A strain of the bacteria Escherichia coli which is used in genetics experiments as a host for foreign plasmids that have been cloned. ... (21 Mar 1998) ...

CA
<abbreviation> Carcinoma; cardiac arrest; cancer; chronologic age; cytosine arabinoside. ... 1. <abbreviation> Cathode. ... 2. Symbol for calcium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

CA 15-3
<protein, tumour marker> Carbohydrate antigen elevated in patients with tumours of the breast, ovary, lung, and prostate as well as other disorders. ... The mucin is expressed normally by most glandular epithelia but shows particularly increased expression in the breast at lactation and in malignancy. It is thus an established serum marker for …

CA 19-9
<protein, tumour marker> Sialylated lewis blood group carbohydrate antigen found in many adenocarcinomas of the digestive tract, especially pancreatic tumours. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

CA virus
<abbreviation> Croup-associated virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

CA-125
<protein, tumour marker> A protein which can be found in the blood, it is useful for detecting and evaluating ovarian cancer. ... Carbohydrate antigen most commonly seen in tumours of the ovary and occasionally seen in breast, kidney, and gastrointestinal tract tumours and normal tissue. CA-125 is clearly tumour-associated but not tumour-speci …

caapi
A hallucinogenic preparation obtained from Banisteria caapi (family Malpighaceae), a South American jungle vine; contains harmine and other psychotomimetic principles. ... Synonym: ayahuasca. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

CAAT box
<molecular biology> Nucleotide sequence in many eukaryotic promoters usually about 75bp upstream of the start of transcription. Binds NF1. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

cabbage goiter
Goiter due to ingestion of cabbage or other goitrogenic foodstuff. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cabbage tree
Synonym for andira ... The bark of Andira inermis, a leguminous tree of tropical America, used as an emetic, purgative, and anthelmintic. ... Synonym: cabbage tree, worm bark. ... Origin: West Indian native name ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

CABG
Synonym for coronary artery bypass graft ... A surgical procedure, known as a coronary artery bypass graft, which involves replacing diseased (narrowed) coronary arteries with veins obtained from the patients lower extremities (autologous graft). During this procedure the patient is placed on a heart bypass machine (heart-lung machine) to allow the …

cable graft
A multiple strand nerve graft arranged as a pathway for regeneration of axons. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cable yarding
A term used to describe a means of removing logs from the stump area to a landing or yarding area through use of an overhead system of winch-driven cables to which logs are attached with cables. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

Cabot-Locke murmur
<cardiology, clinical sign> An early diastolic murmur, like that of aortic insufficiency, heard best at the left lower sternal border in severe anaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Cabot, Richard
<person> U.S. Physician, 1868-1939. ... See: Cabot's ring bodies, Cabot-Locke murmur. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Cabot's ring bodies
Ring-shaped or figure-of-eight structures that stain red with Wright's stain, found in red blood cells in severe anaemias, possibly a remnant of the nuclear membrane; a form of basophilic degenerative process. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cacao
A tree of the family sterculiaceae (or byttneriaceae), usually theobroma cacao, or its seeds, which after fermentation and roasting, yield cocoa and chocolate. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cacao oil
Synonym for theobroma oil ... The fat obtained from the wasted seed of Theobroma cacao (family Sterculiaceae); it contains the glycerides of stearic, palmitic, oleic, arichidic, and linoleic acids; used as a base for suppositories and ointments and, in operative dentistry, as a lubricant and protective. ... Synonym: cacao butter, cocoa butter, cacao …

CaCC
<abbreviation> Cathodal closure contraction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Cacchione, Aldo
<person> 20th century Italian psychiatrist. ... See: De Sanctis-Cacchione syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cache
An obsolete device consisting of a lead cone covered with several layers of paper, having a mica window at the bottom, used as an applicator in radiotherapy, the radium or other radioactive substance being at the apex of the cone and filters being placed below as required. ... Origin: Fr. Hidden, covered ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cachectic
Relating to or suffering from cachexia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cachectic diarrhoea
Diarrhoea occurring in patients with severe wasting. Usually due to underlying gastrointestinal disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cachectic endocarditis
Synonym for nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis ... Verrucous endocardial lesions occurring in the terminal stages of many chronic infectious and wasting diseases. ... Synonym: abacterial thrombotic endocarditis, cachectic endocarditis, terminal endocarditis, thromboendocarditis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cachectic fever
Synonym for visceral leishmaniasis ... A chronic disease, occurring in India, Assam, China, the area formerly known as the Mediterranean littoral areas, the Middle East, India, Pakistan, China, South and Central America, Asia, Africa caused by Leishmania donovani and transmitted by the bite of an appropriate species of sandfly of the genus Phlebotom …

cachectic oedema
Oedema occurring in diseases characterised by wasting and hypoproteinaemia; due to low plasma oncotic pressure. ... Synonym: marantic oedema. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cachectic pallor
Synonym for achromasia ... 1. Pallor associated with hippocratic facies, emaciation, and weakness, often heralding a moribund state. ... Synonym: cachectic pallor, achromia. ... Origin: G. Achromos, colourless ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cachectin
<protein> Protein produced by macrophages that is responsible for the wasting (cachexia) associated with some tumours. Now known to be identical to tumour necrosis factor (TNF). Has three 17 kD sub units, all derived from a single highly conserved gene. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

cachet
A seal-shaped capsule or wafer for enclosing powders of disagreeable taste. ... Origin: Fr. A seal ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cachexia
<oncology> A profound and marked state of constitutional disorder, general ill health and malnutrition. ... Origin: Gr. Hexis = habit ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

cachexia aphthosa
Synonym for sprue ... <gastroenterology> An inherited disease where the intestinal lining is inflamed in response to the ingestion of a protein known as gluten. Gluten is present in many grains including rye, oats, barley and triticale. ... Symptoms in infants include diarrhoea, slow growth, bloody stools, weight loss, vomiting and clay-coloure …

cachexia aquosa
An edematous form of ancylostomiasis. ... Diabetic neuropathic cachexia, a clinical syndrome seen almost exclusively in elderly diabetic males, consisting of the rather sudden onset of severe limb pain, marked weight loss, depression, and impotence. These patients appear to have a combination of a severe diabetic polyneuropathy, diffuse bilateral di …

cachexia hypophyseopriva
A condition following total removal of the hypophysis cerebri resulting in panhypopituitarism marked by a fall of body temperature, electrolyte imbalance, and hypoglycaemia, followed by coma and death. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cachexia strumipriva
Synonym for cachexia thyropriva ... Signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism (with or without myxoedema) resulting from the loss of thyroid tissue, either from surgery, radiotherapy, or disease. ... Synonym: cachexia strumipriva, cachexia thyroidea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cachexia thyroidea
Synonym for cachexia thyropriva ... Signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism (with or without myxoedema) resulting from the loss of thyroid tissue, either from surgery, radiotherapy, or disease. ... Synonym: cachexia strumipriva, cachexia thyroidea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cachexia thyropriva
Signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism (with or without myxoedema) resulting from the loss of thyroid tissue, either from surgery, radiotherapy, or disease. ... Synonym: cachexia strumipriva, cachexia thyroidea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cachexin
<protein> This protein fragment is foundin the urine of patients who suffer from debilitation and wasting from cancer, particularly cancers of the lung, breast, ovary and pancreas. It is believed to cause the wasting bydegrading muscle proteins and inhibiting the creation of new proteins. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

cachinnation
Laughter without apparent cause, often observed in schizophrenia. ... Origin: L. Cachinno, to laugh immoderately and loudly ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

caco-
Caci-cac- ... Bad; ill. ... Compare: mal-. ... Origin: G. Kakos ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

caco-2 cells
Human colonic adenocarcinoma cells that are able to express differentiation features characteristic of mature intestinal cells, such as enterocytes or mucus cells. These cells are valuable in vitro tools for studies related to intestinal cell function and differentiation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cacodemonomania
<psychiatry> A mental condition in which the patient believes himself to be inhabited by or possessed by an evil spirit. ... Origin: caco-+ G. Daimon, spirit, + mania, frenzy ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cacodyl
(CH3)2As-As(CH3)2;an oil resulting from the distillation together of arsenous acid and potassium acetate. ... Synonym: dicacodyl, tetramethyldiarsine. ... Origin: G. Kakodes, foul-smelling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cacodylate
A salt or ester of cacodylic acid. ... See: cacodylic acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cacodylic
Relating to cacodyl; denoting especially cacodylic acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cacodylic acid
<chemical> An arsenical that has been used as a dermatologic agent and as an herbicide. ... Pharmacological action: dermatologic agents, herbicides. ... Chemical name: Arsinic acid, dimethyl- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cacogeusia
A bad taste. ... Origin: caco-+ G. Geusis, taste ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cacomelia
Congenital deformity of one or more limbs. ... Origin: caco-+ G. Melos, limb ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cacoplastic
1. Relating to or causing abnormal growth. ... 2. Incapable of normal or perfect formation. ... Origin: caco-+ G. Plastikos, formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cacosmia
A subjective perception of nonexistent disagreeable odours; a variety of parosmia. ... Origin: G. Kakosmia, a bad smell, fr. Kakos, bad, + osme, the sense of smell ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cactinomycin
Produced by Streptomyces chrysomallus. A mixture of actinomycins C1 (dactinomycin), C2, and C3 used as an antineoplastic, immunosuppressive agent. ... See: actinomycin. ... Synonym: actinomycin C. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cacumen
The top or apex of a plant or an anatomical structure. ... Origin: L. Summit ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cacuminal
Relating to a top or apex, particularly of a plant or anatomical structure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cadaver
A dead body. ... Synonym: corpse. ... Origin: L. Fr. Cado, to fall ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cadaveric
Relating to a dead body. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cadaveric rigidity
Synonym for rigor mortis ... Muscular rigidity which develops in the cadaver usually from 4 to 10 hours after death and lasts 3 or 4 days. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cadaveric spasm
Rigor mortis occurring irregularly in the different muscles, causing movements of the limbs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cadaverine
<chemical> 1,5-pentanediamine. A foul-smelling diamine formed by bacterial decarboxylation of lysine. ... Chemical name: 1,5-Pentanediamine ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cadaverous
Having the pallor and appearance resembling a corpse. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cade oil
Synonym for juniper tar ... The empyreumatic volatile oil obtained from the woody portion of Juniperus oxycedrus; used externally for skin diseases. ... Synonym: cade oil. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cadherin
<protein> Integral membrane proteins involved in calcium dependent cell adhesion. There are three types, named after their distributions: N cadherin (neural), E cadherin (epithelial) (equivalent to uvomorulin and L CAM) and P cadherin placental). Formed of a 600 amino acid extracellular domain, containing 4 repeats believed to contain the Ca …

cadherins
A group of functionally related glycoproteins responsible for the calcium-dependent cell-to-cell adhesion mechanism. They are divided into subclasses e-, p-, and n-cadherins, which are distinct in immunological specificity and tissue distribution. They promote cell adhesion via a homophilic mechanism. These compounds play a role in the construction …

cadmium
<chemical> An element with atomic symbol cd, atomic number 48, and atomic weight 114. It is a metal and ingestion will lead to cadmium poisoning. ... Chemical name: Cadmium ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cadmium chloride
<chemical> A cadmium halide in the form of colourless crystals, soluble in water, methanol, and ethanol. It is used in photography, in dyeing, and calico printing, and as a solution to precipitate sulfides. ... Pharmacological action: carcinogens, mutagens, teratogens. ... Chemical name: Cadmium chloride (CdCl2) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cadmium compounds
Inorganic compounds that contain cadmium as an integral part of the molecule. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cadmium poisoning
Poisoning occurring after exposure to cadmium compounds or fumes. It may cause gastrointestinal syndromes, anaemia, or pneumonitis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cadmium radioisotopes
Unstable isotopes of cadmium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Cd atoms with atomic weights 103-105, 107, 109, 115, and 117-119 are radioactive cadmium isotopes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cadmium translocating ATPase
<enzyme> Cadmium-efflux atpase; e1,e2-translocating atpase is a generic name which includes all cation-transport atpases; do not confuse with lysine decarboxylase cada ... Registry number: EC 3.6.1.- ... Synonym: cada atpase, cd-e1,e2-translocating atpase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

CaDTe
<abbreviation> Cathodal duration tetanus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

caduca
Synonym: deciduous membrane. ... Origin: L. Fem. Of caducus, fallen, falling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

caduceus
A staff with two oppositely twined serpents and surmounted by two wings; emblem of the U.S. Army Medical Corps. For veterinary medicine the double serpent was changed in 1972 to its present form with a single serpent. ... See: staff of Aesculapius. ... Origin: L. The staff of Mercury; G. Keryx herald, the staff of Hermes ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

caducous
Falling off early. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

CAE
Synonym for caprine arthritis-encephalomyelitis ... A worldwide disease of goats caused by the caprine arthritis-encephalomyelitis virus; two syndromes are recognised, encephalomyelitis in kids and more commonly arthritis in adults. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

caeca
Plural of caecum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

caecal
1. Relating to the caecum. ... 2. Ending blindly or in a cul-de-sac. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

caecal arteries
See: anterior caecal artery, posterior caecal artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

caecal folds
The two peritoneal folds that border the retrocaecal fossa. ... Synonym: plicae caecales. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

caecal foramen of frontal bone
Synonym for foramen caecum of frontal bone ... <anatomy> Blind or caecal foramen of the frontal bone; the blind foramen formed immediately anterior to the crista galli by a notch at the lower end of the frontal crest and its articulation with the ethmoid bone. It is insignificant postnatally, but gives passage to vessels during development. …

caecal foramen of the tongue
Synonym for foramen caecum of tongue ... <anatomy> A median pit on the dorsum of the posterior part of the tongue, from which the limbs of a V-shaped furrow run forward and outward; it is the site of origin of the thyroid gland and subsequent thyroglossal duct in the embryo. ... Synonym: foramen caecum linguae, blind foramen of the tongue, caec …

caecal hernia
A hernia containing caecum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

caecal recess
Synonym for retrocaecal recess ... One of several small pockets sometimes found extending alongside the right margin of the ascending colon near the caecum. ... Synonym: recessus retrocaecalis, caecal recess. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

caecal volvulus
<radiology> Two types: torsion leading to LUQ, Bascule (folded) leading to subhepatic, seen in institutionalised patients, associated with high-bulk diet (Africa, Balkans), sigmoid volvulus is more common ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

caecectomy
<procedure> Excision of the caecum. ... Synonym: typhlectomy. ... Origin: caeco-+ G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

caecitis
Inflammation of the caecum. ... Synonym: typhlenteritis, typhlitis, typhloenteritis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

caeco-
The caecum. ... See: typhlo-. ... Origin: L. Caecum, cecum, blind ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

caecocentral scotoma
A scotoma involving the optic disk area (blind spot) and the papillomacular fibres; there are three forms: 1) the caecocentral defect which extends from the blind spot toward or into the fixation area; 2) angioscotoma; 3) glaucomatous nerve-fibre bundle scotoma, due to involvement of nerve-fibre bundles at the edge of the optic disk. ... See: Bjerru …

caecocolostomy
<procedure> Formation of an anastomosis between caecum and colon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

caecofixation
Synonym for caecopexy ... Operative anchoring of a movable caecum. ... Synonym: caecofixation, typhlopexy, typhlopexia. ... Origin: caeco-+ G. Pexis, fixation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

caecoileostomy
Synonym for ileocaecostomy ... <procedure> Anastomosis of the ileum to the caecum. ... Synonym: caecoileostomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

caecopexy
Operative anchoring of a movable caecum. ... Synonym: caecofixation, typhlopexy, typhlopexia. ... Origin: caeco-+ G. Pexis, fixation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

caecoplication
Operative reduction in size of a dilated caecum by the formation of folds or tucks in its wall. ... Origin: caeco-+ L. Plico, pp. -atus, to fold ... (05 Mar 2000) ...