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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

cancer, prostate
Cancer of the gland that produces some of the components of semen fluid. Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of death of males in the U.S. Prostate cancer is often first detected as a hard nodule during a routine rectal examination. The PSA blood test is a screening test for prostate cancer. Diagnosis of prostate cancer is established when …

cancer, prostatic
Cancer of the gland (prostate) that produces some of the components of semen fluid. The second leading cause of death of males in the U.S. Prostate cancer is often first detected as a hard nodule during a routine rectal examination. The PSA blood test is a screening test for prostate cancer. Diagnosis of prostate cancer is established when cancer c …

cancer, rectal
A malignant tumour arising from the inner wall of the end (rectum) of the large intestine. The third leading cause of cancer in males, fourth in females in the U.S. Risk factors for cancer of the colon and rectum (colorectal cancer) include heredity, colon polyps, and long standing ulcerative colitis. most colorectal cancers develop from polyps. Re …

cancer, skin
Cancer of the outer surface of the body. The most common cancer in the U.S. There are many types of skin cancer. Ultraviolet light from sunlight is the main cause of skin cancer. Unexplained changes in the appearance of the skin, lasting longer than 2 weeks, should be evaluated by a doctor. The cure rate for skin cancer could be 100% if all skin ca …

cancer, stomach
Cancer of the major organ that holds food for digestion. Stomach cancer (gastric cancer) can develop in any part of the stomach and spread to other organs. Stomach ulcers do not appear to increase a person's risk of developing stomach cancer. Symptoms of stomach cancer are often vague, such as loss of appetite or weight. The cancer is diagnosed wit …

cancer, testicles
Cancer of the male sex organ (testicle) that normally produces the hormone testosterone. One of the most common cancers in young men. Most testicular cancers are found by men themselves as a lump in the testicle. The risk of cancer of the testicles is increased in males whose testicles did not move down normally into the scrotum (holding sac for th …

cancer, testicular
Cancer of the male sex organ (testicle) that normally produces the hormone testosterone. One of the most common cancers in young men. Most testicular cancers are found by men themselves as a lump in the testicle. The risk of cancer of the testicles is increased in males whose testicles did not move down normally into the scrotum (holding sac for th …

cancer, thyroid
Cancer of the gland in front of the neck that normally produces thyroid hormone which is important to the normal regulation of the metabolism of the body. There are four major types of cancer of the thyroid gland. Persons who received radiation to the head or neck in childhood should be examined by a doctor every 1 to 2 years. The most common sympt …

cancer, uterine
Cancer of the womb (uterus). Cancer of the uterus occurs most often in women between the ages of 55 and 70 years. Abnormal bleeding after menopause is the most common symptom of cancer of the uterus. Cancer of the uterus is diagnosed based on the results of the pelvic examination, pap smear, biopsy of the uterus, and D and C procedure. ... (12 Dec 1 …

cancer, uterus
Cancer of the womb. Also referred to as uterine cancer. Cancer of the uterus occurs most often in women between the ages of 55 and 70 years. Abnormal bleeding after menopause is the most common symptom of cancer of the uterus. Cancer of the uterus is diagnosed based on the results of the pelvic examination, pap smear, biopsy of the uterus, and D an …

canceration
An obsolete term for a change that results in properties and features usually associated with malignant neoplasms, e.g., as in the development of a carcinoma in a site previously involved by a benign condition. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cancericidal
Synonym: carcinolytic. ... Origin: cancer + L. Caedo, to kill ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cancerigenic
Synonym for carcinogenic ... Producing carcinoma. ... Origin: Gr. Gennan = to produce ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

cancerocidal
Synonym for carcinolytic ... Destructive to the cells of carcinoma. ... Synonym: cancericidal, cancerocidal. ... Origin: carcino-+ G. Lytikos, causing a solution ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cancerophobia
<psychology> A morbid fear of acquiring a malignant growth. ... Synonym: carcinophobia. ... Origin: cancer + G. Phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cancerous
<oncology> A tumour or growth that is malignant (can spread). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

cancra
Plural of cancrum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cancriform
Resembling cancer. ... Synonym: cancroid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cancroid
Synonym: cancriform. ... 2. Obsolete term for a malignant neoplasm that manifests a lesser degree of malignancy than that frequently observed with carcinoma or sarcoma. ... Origin: cancer + G. Eidos, resemblance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cancrum
A gangrenous, ulcerative, inflammatory lesion. ... Origin: Mod. L., fr. L. Cancer, crab ... Cancrum nasi, gangrenous, necrotizing, and ulcerative rhinitis, especially in children. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

candela
<physics, unit> The SI unit of luminous intensity, 1 lumen per m2; the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 x 1012 hertz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian (solid angle). ... Synonym: candle. ... Abbreviation: cd ... Origin: L. ... (05 …

candicans
One of the corpora albicantia. ... Origin: L. Candico, pres. P. -ans, to be whitish ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

candicidin
<chemical> Mixture of antifungal heptaene macrolides from streptomyces griseus or actinomyces levoris used topically in candidiasis. The antibiotic complex is composed of candicidins a, b, c, and d, of which d is the major component. ... Pharmacological action: antibiotics, antifungal, antibiotics, macrolide. ... Chemical name: Candicidin ... (1 …

Candida
<microbiology> A genus of fungus. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

Candida albicans
<fungus> A dimorphic fungus that is an opportunistic pathogen of humans. A common aetiological agent for candidiasis and thrush. This species is found as a part of the normal gastrointestinal flora. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

candida micro-abscesses
<radiology> Multiple small hypodense (and hypoechoic) lesions, in liver with or without spleen, often target lesions, Candida albicans mycelia, immunocompromised patients, such as leukaemics Differential diagnosis: metastasis (larger), leukaemic infiltration (nodular or tumefactive deposits rare), miriad small lesions most likely to be pathog …

candidal oesophagitis
Synonym for candidiasis ... <gastroenterology, microbiology, oncology> Infection with a fungus of the genus Candida. ... It is usually a superficial infection of the moist cutaneous areas of the body and is generally caused by Candida albicans, it most commonly involves the skin (dermatocandidiasis), oral mucous membranes (oral candidiasis), re …

candidate
Species under consideration for listing as endangered or threatened but for which conclusive data on biological vulnerability are not currently available to support listing. Also known as Category 2 species. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

candidate species
<ecology> Any species or subspecies of bird, mammal, fish, amphibian, reptile, or plant that is being considered for listing as endangered or threatened but is not yet the subject of a proposed rule. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

candidemia
Presence of cells of Candida species in the peripheral blood. ... Origin: Candida + G. Haima, blood ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

candidiasis
<gastroenterology, microbiology, oncology> Infection with a fungus of the genus Candida. ... It is usually a superficial infection of the moist cutaneous areas of the body and is generally caused by Candida albicans, it most commonly involves the skin (dermatocandidiasis), oral mucous membranes (oral candidiasis), respiratory tract (bronchocan …

candidiasis of oesophagus
<radiology> Findings: long oesophageal segments involved (more common in lower 1/2), 1-2 mm nodular filling defects with linear orientation (plaques), cobble stone: mucosal nodularity in early stage, shaggy, fuzzy, serrated contour (from pseudomembranes, erosions, ulcerations, intramural hemmorhage), narrowed lumen (spasm, pseudomembrane, oed …

candidiasis, chronic mucocutaneous
A clinical syndrome characterised by development, usually in infancy or childhood, of a chronic, often widespread candidiasis of skin, nails, and mucous membranes. It may be secondary to one of the immunodeficiency syndromes, inherited as an autosomal recessive trait, or associated with defects in cell-mediated immunity, endocrine disorders, dental …

candidiasis, cutaneous
Candidiasis of the skin manifested as eczema-like lesions of the interdigital spaces, perleche, or chronic paronychia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

candidiasis, oral
Infection of the mucous membranes of the mouth by a fungus of the genus candida. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

candidiasis, vulvovaginal
Infection of the vulva and vagina with a fungus of the genus candida. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

candidosis
Synonym for candidiasis ... <gastroenterology, microbiology, oncology> Infection with a fungus of the genus Candida. ... It is usually a superficial infection of the moist cutaneous areas of the body and is generally caused by Candida albicans, it most commonly involves the skin (dermatocandidiasis), oral mucous membranes (oral candidiasis), re …

candle
Synonym for candela ... <physics, unit> The SI unit of luminous intensity, 1 lumen per m2; the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 x 1012 hertz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian (solid angle). ... Synonym: candle. ... Abbreviation: …

candle-meter
Synonym for lux ... A unit of light or illumination; the reception of a luminous flux of 1 lumen per square meter of surface. ... Synonym: candle-meter, meter-candle. ... Abbreviation: lx ... Origin: L. Light ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

candle-power
Synonym for luminous intensity ... The luminous flux per unit solid angle in a given direction. ... Synonym: candle-power, radiant intensity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

candy
Sweet food products combining cane or beet sugars with other carbohydrates and chocolate, milk, eggs, and various flavorings. In the united states, candy refers to both sugar- and cocoa-based confections and is differentiated from sweetened baked goods; elsewhere the terms sugar confectionary, chocolate confectionary, and flour confectionary (meani …

canefield fever
Synonym for field fever ... A leptospirosis caused by leptospira. ... Synonym: canefield fever. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canes
Sticks used as walking aids. The canes may have three or four prongs at the end of the shaft. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

canicola fever
A disease of man caused by the canicola serovar of Leptospira interrogans and transmitted by infective urine, usually from dogs but rarely from cattle and swine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Canidae
A family of the Carnivora including the dogs, coyotes, wolves, and foxes. ... Origin: L. Canis, dog ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canine
<zoology> Relating to, affecting, resembling or derived from a dog. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

canine adenovirus 1
A virus causing infectious canine hepatitis in dogs. ... Synonym: fox encephalitis virus, Rubarth's disease virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canine amoebiasis
Infection of dogs with Entamoeba histolytica acquired from man; dogs are seldom cyst passers, and therefore are not a reservoir for human infection. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canine babesiosis
Malignant fever in dogs caused by Babesia species. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canine borreliosis
A disease of dogs caused by Borrelia burgdorferi and characterised by lameness due to a migratory, intermittent, oligoarticular arthritis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canine distemper
A highly contagious systemic disease of dogs caused by the canine distemper virus and characterised by a diphasic fever, leukopenia, gastrointestinal and respiratory catarrh and, frequently, pneumonic and neurological complications; the disease also occurs in foxes, wolves, ferrets, mink, skunks, and raccoons. ... Synonym: distemper. ... (05 Mar 2000 …

canine distemper virus
An RNA virus of the genus Morbillivirus, a member of the family Paramyxoviridae, that causes canine distemper. ... Synonym: dog distemper virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canine dysautonomia
A newly recognised disease of dogs characterised by dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system. ... Synonym: Key-Gaskell syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canine ehrlichiosis
A fatal disease of dogs in Asia, Africa, and the U.S. Caused by Ehrlichia canis, transmitted by the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus, and characterised by haemorrhage, pancytopenia, and emaciation. ... Synonym: tropical canine pancytopenia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canine eminence
An elevation on the maxilla corresponding to the socket of the canine tooth. ... Synonym: canine prominence. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canine fossa
A depression on the anterior surface of the maxilla below the infraorbital foramen and on the lateral side of the canine eminence. ... Synonym: fossa canina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canine hereditary blindness
An autosomal dominant condition seen in dogs of the collie and several other breeds. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canine herpesvirus
A herpesvirus causing an upper respiratory tract infection which becomes generalised in puppies under 1 week of age, terminating invariably in death; infection is milder in older puppies and asymptomatic in adult dogs; the latter may become convalescent viral shedders. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canine herpetovirus
An obsolete term for canine herpesvirus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canine hysteria
Syndrome in dogs caused in ingestion of nitrogen trichloride, formerly in common use as a bleaching agent for flour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canine leishmaniasis
A mild infection of dogs, usually confined to the muzzle or ears, produced by human disease-causing species of Leishmania; dogs therefore are important reservoirs of human infection, such as with visceral leishmaniasis in the Mediterranean region. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canine malignant lymphoma
<tumour> A progressive fatal disease of dogs characterised by neoplastic transformation and proliferation of lymphoid cells, usually originating in solid lymphoid organs (lymphosarcoma) or bone marrow (lymphocytic leukaemia). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canine oral papilloma
Warts affecting mucous membranes of young dogs; caused by a papillomavirus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canine panosteitis
A disease of dogs characterised by intermittent shifting lameness and spontaneous remission. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canine parvovirus 2
A virus causing canine parvovirus disease in dogs, an acute enteritis with panleukopenia and myocarditis. ... See: canine parvovirus disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canine parvovirus disease
An acute disease of dogs with a variable mortality rate caused by the canine parvovirus; seen in three distinct clinical forms; a generalised neonatal disease, a severe nonsuppurative myocarditis, and a frequently fatal enteritis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canine prominence
Synonym for canine eminence ... An elevation on the maxilla corresponding to the socket of the canine tooth. ... Synonym: canine prominence. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canine spasm
Synonym for risus caninus ... The semblance of a grin caused by facial spasm especially in tetanus. ... Synonym: canine spasm, cynic spasm, risus sardonicus, sardonic grin, spasmus caninus, trismus sardonicus. ... Origin: L. Risus, laugh + caninus, doglike ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canine tooth
<dentistry> A tooth having a crown of thick conical shape and a long, slightly flattened conical root; there are two canine teeth in each jaw, one on either side adjacent to the distal surface of the lateral incisors, in both the deciduous and the permanent dentition. ... Synonym: dens caninus, canine, cuspid tooth, cuspidate tooth, cuspid, de …

canine typhus
Synonym for Stuttgart disease ... The uraemic form of canine leptospirosis. ... Synonym: canine typhus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canine venereal granuloma
A rapidly growing, soft, easily bleeding, infectious, connective tissue tumour occurring in the vagina of the female dog and on the penis and sheath of the male; ordinarily transmitted by coitus. ... Synonym: transmissible venereal tumour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

caniniform
Resembling a canine tooth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canister
A box or container; in anaesthesiology, the container for carbon dioxide absorbent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canities
Graying of hair. ... See: poliosis. ... Origin: L., fr. Canus, hoary, gray ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canities circumscripta
Synonym for piebald eyelash ... An isolated bundle of white eyelash's among normally pigmented eyelash's. ... Synonym: canities circumscripta, ciliary poliosis, poliosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canities poliosis
Synonym for ectopic eyelash ... The condition in which the eyelash's grow from the eyelid at a site other than the lid margin. ... Synonym: canities poliosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

canities unguium
Synonym for leukonychia ... The occurrence of white spots or patches under the nails, of unknown cause; the decoloration may be total or in the form of lines (striate or transverse leukonychia) or dots (punctate leukonychia). ... Synonym: achromia unguium, canities unguium, leukopathia unguis. ... Origin: Leuko-+ G. Onyx (onych-), nail ... Apparent leu …

canker
1. In cats and dogs, acute inflammation of the external ear and auditory canal. ... See: aphtha. ... 2. In the horse, a process similar to but more advanced than thrush; the horny frog is generally under-run with a whitish, cheeselike exudate, and the entire sole and even the wall of the hoof may be undermined. ... 3. In man, an outmoded term for apht …

canker sore
<gastroenterology> A type of benign mouth ulcer often caused by injury to the mucosal lining of the oral cavity, viral infection or vitamin deficiency. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

canker sores
Also known as aphthous ulcers, these are small ulcer craters in the lining of the mouth that are frequently painful and sensitive. Canker sores are one of the most common problems that occur in the mouth. About 20% of the population (1 out of 5) people will have canker sores at any one time. Canker sores typically last for 10-14 days and heal witho …

cannabidiol
<chemical> 2-(3-methyl-6-(1-methylethenyl)-3-cyclohexen-1-yl)-5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol. Compound isolated from cannabis sativa extract. ... Chemical name: 1,3-Benzenediol, 2-(3-methyl-6-(1-methylethenyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-5-pentyl-, (1R-trans)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cannabidiolic acid synthase
<enzyme> Catalyses the oxidocyclization of cannabigerolic acid to cannabidiolic acid without need of molecular oxygen, coenzymes, or cofactors; isolated from cannabis sativa; n-terminal amino acid sequence given in first source ... Registry number: EC 5.3.- ... Synonym: cbda synthase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

cannabinoids
Compounds extracted from cannabis sativa l. And metabolites having the cannabinoid structure. The most active constituents are tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabinol, and cannabidiol. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cannabinol
<chemical> A physiologically inactive constituent of cannabis sativa l. ... Chemical name: 6H-Dibenzo(b,d)pyran-1-ol, 6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cannabis
The hemp plant cannabis sativa. Hallucinogenic products prepared from the dried flowering tops of the plant include marijuana, hashish, bhang, and ganja. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cannabism
Poisoning by preparations of cannabis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cannibalism
Eating other individuals of one's own species. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Cannizzaro
Stanislao, Italian chemist, 1826-1910. ... See: Cannizzaro's reaction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Cannizzaro's reaction
Formation of an acid and an alcohol by the simultaneous oxidation of one aldehyde molecule and reduction of another; a dismutation: 2RCHO &rarr; RCOOH + RCH2OH; when the aldehydes are not identical, this is referred to as a crossed Cannizzaro reaction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Cannon
Walter B., U.S. Physiologist, 1871-1945. ... See: Cannon's ring, Cannon's theory, Cannon-Bard theory, Bernard-Cannon homeostasis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cannon bone
The middle metacarpal (or metatarsal bone) in the horse. ... Synonym: shank bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cannon sound
Synonym for bruit de canon ... The loud first heart sound heard intermittently in complete atrioventricular block and in interference-dissociation when the ventricles happen to contract shortly after the atria. ... Synonym: cannon sound. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cannon wave
An exaggerated A wave in the jugular pulse caused by right atrial contraction occurring after ventricular contraction has closed the tricuspid valve, as in ventricular premature beats and in complete A-V block. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Cannon-Bard theory
The view that the feeling aspect of emotion and the pattern of emotional behaviour are controlled by the hypothalamus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Cannon's point
The location in the mid-transverse colon at which innervation by superior and inferior mesenteric plexuses overlap at the junction of the primitive midgut and hindgut, frequently resulting in narrowing evident on barium enema. ... See: Cannon's ring. ... Synonym: Cannon's ring. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Cannon's ring
Synonym for Cannon's point ... The location in the mid-transverse colon at which innervation by superior and inferior mesenteric plexuses overlap at the junction of the primitive midgut and hindgut, frequently resulting in narrowing evident on barium enema. ... See: Cannon's ring. ... Synonym: Cannon's ring. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Cannon's theory
Synonym for emergency theory ... A theory of the emotions, advanced by W.B. Cannon, that animal and human organisms respond to emergency situations by increased sympathetic nervous system activity including an increased catecholamine production with associated increases in blood pressure, heart and respiratory rates, and skeletal muscle blood flow.< …

cannonball pulse
Synonym for water-hammer pulse ... <radiology> Corrigan's sign: increased pulse at wrist, aortic insufficiency, widened pulse pressure due to increased stroke volume, diastolic regurgitation ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cannula
<equipment> A tube for insertion into a duct or cavity, during insertion its lumen is usually occupied by a trocar. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

cannulation
Cannulization ... Insertion of a cannula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...