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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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capsulectomy<procedure> Removal of a capsule, as around a breast implant ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
capsulesHard or soft, soluble containers of a suitable substance, for enclosing a dose of medicine, usually for oral administration. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
capsulitisInflammation of the capsule of an organ or part, as of the liver or the lens of the eye. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
capsulolenticularReferring to the lens of the eye and its capsule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
capsulolenticular cataractA cataract in which both the lens and its capsule are involved. ... See: membranous cataract. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
capsuloplastyPlastic surgery of a capsule; more specifically, the capsule of a joint. ... Origin: L. Capsula, capsule, + G. Plastos, formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
capsulorhexisThe making of a continuous circular tear in the anterior capsule during cataract surgery in order to allow expression or phacoemulsification of the nucleus of the lens. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
capsulorrhaphySuture of a tear in any capsule; specifically, suture of a joint capsule to prevent recurring dislocation of the articulation. ... Origin: L. Capsula, capsule, + rhaphe, suture ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
capsulotomeSynonym for cystotome ... 1. An instrument for incising the urinary bladder or gallbladder. ... 2. A surgical instrument used for incising the capsule of a lens. ... Synonym: capsulotome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
capsulotomy1. <procedure> Division of a capsule as around a breast implant. ... 2. Creation of an opening through a capsule; e.g., of a scar that might form around a foreign body. ... 3. Specifically, incision of the capsule of the lens in the extracapsular cataract operation. ... Origin: L. Capsula, capsule, + G. Tome, a cutting ... Renal capsulotomy, inci …
captan<chemical> An industrial fungicide. ... Pharmacological action: fungicides, industrial. ... Chemical name: 1H-Isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione, 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-2-((trichloromethyl)thio)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
captopril<chemical> An orally active inhibitor of angiotensin I-converting enzyme. It reduces elevated blood pressure by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system and also inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin I. ... Pharmacological action: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, antihypertensive agents. ... Chemical name: L-Proline, 1-(3 …
captopril renal scan<radiology> In a kidney with a lesion in the afferent arteriole (e.g. Atherosclerotic plaque), reflex constriction of the efferent arteriole occurs through angiotensin system thus maintaining renal perfusion. ACE inhibition prevents constriction of efferent arteriole. Therefore, perfusion is decreased to a kidney with afferent lesions and the …
captureCatching and holding a particle or an electrical impulse originating elsewhere. ... Origin: L. Capio, pp. -tus, to take, seise ... Atrial capture, control of the atria for one or more beats after a period of independent beating, as in complete A-V block or in junctional or ventricular ectopic beats or tachycardias by a retrograde impulse. ... Electron …
capture-recapture methodOriginally, a technique developed by biologists to track wild animal populations; now adapted for epidemiological studies of elusive human populations (e.g., prostitutes, teen runaways, IV drug users).By comparing data from several independent overlapping sample frames, it is possible to adjust for missing cases and to generate estimates of the pre …
CapuronJoseph, French physician, 1767-1850. ... See: Capuron's points. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Capuron's pointsThe iliopubic eminences and the sacroiliac joints, constituting four fixed point's in the pelvic inlet. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput1. The upper or anterior extremity of the animal body, containing the brain and the organs of sight, hearing, taste, and smell. ... 2. The upper, anterior, or larger extremity, expanded or rounded, of any body, organ, or other anatomical structure. ... 3. The rounded extremity of a bone. ... 4. That end of a muscle which is attached to the less movabl …
caput breveSynonym for short head ... <anatomy> For a muscle with two heads of origin (a 'biceps' muscle), the head originating nearest the insertion. ... See: short head of biceps brachii muscle, short head of biceps femoris muscle. ... Synonym: caput breve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput cornusSynonym for apex of the posterior horn ... The pointed extremity of each posterior gray column or cornu of the spinal cord. ... Synonym: apex cornus posterioris, caput cornus, tip of posterior horn. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput costaeSynonym for head of rib ... The rounded medial extremity of a rib which, except for ribs 1, 10, 11, and 12, articulates by two facets with the bodies of two contiguous vertebrae. ... Synonym: caput costae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput epididymidisSynonym for head of epididymis ... The upper and larger extremity of the epididymis. ... Synonym: caput epididymidis, caput epididymis, globus major. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput epididymisSynonym for head of epididymis ... The upper and larger extremity of the epididymis. ... Synonym: caput epididymidis, caput epididymis, globus major. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput femorisSynonym for head of femur ... The hemispheric articular surface at the upper extremity of the thigh bone. ... Synonym: caput ossis femoris, caput femoris, head of thigh bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput fibulaeSynonym for head of fibula ... The superior extremity of the fibula, which articulates by a facet with the undersurface of the lateral condyle of the tibia. ... Synonym: caput fibulae, upper extremity of fibula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput gallinaginisSynonym for seminal colliculus ... An elevated portion of the urethral crest upon which open the two ejaculatory ducts and the prostatic utricle. ... Synonym: colliculus seminalis, caput gallinaginis, colliculus urethralis, seminal hillock, verumontanum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput humeraleSynonym for humeral head ... The name applied to the heads of forearm muscles that attach to the humerus. Nomina Anatomica lists humeral heads (caput humerale...) of the following: 1) flexor carpli ulnaris muscle (... Musculi flexoris carpi ulnaris ); 2) pronator teres muscle (... Musculi pronatoris teretis ). ... Synonym: caput humerale. ... (05 Mar …
caput humeriSynonym for head of humerus ... The upper rounded extremity fitting into the glenoid cavity of the scapula. ... Synonym: caput humeri. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput lateraleSynonym for lateral head ... Head of origin farthest from the midline. Nomina Anatomica lists lateral heads (caput laterale...) of the following: 1) triceps brachii muscle (... Musculi tricipitis brachii ); 2) gastrocnemius muscle (... Musculi gastrocnemii ). ... Synonym: caput laterale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput laterale musculi gastrocnemiiLateral head of gastrocnemius muscle. ... See: lateral head. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput longumSynonym for long head ... The head that has the more proximal origin. Nomina Anatomica lists long heads (caput longum...) of the following: 1) biceps brachii muscle (... Musculi bicipitis brachii ); 2) biceps femoris muscle (... Musculi bicipitis femoris ); 3) triceps brachii muscle (... Musculi tricipitis brachii ). ... Synonym: caput longum. ... (05 …
caput malleiSynonym for head of malleus ... The rounded portion of the malleus articulating with the body of the incus. ... Synonym: caput mallei. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput mandibulaeSynonym for head of mandible ... The expanded articular portion of the condylar process of the mandible. ... Synonym: caput mandibulae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput medialeSynonym for medial head ... The head of origin closest to the midline. Nomina Anatomica lists medial head of the following: 1) triceps brachii muscle (... Musculi tricipitis brachii ); 2) gastrocnemius muscle (... Musculi gastrocnemii ). ... Synonym: caput mediale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput mediale musculi gastrocnemiiMedial head of gastrocnemius muscle. ... See: medial head. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput medusaeVaricose veins radiating from the umbilicus, seen in the Cruveilhier-Baumgarten syndrome, dilated ciliary arteries girdling the corneoscleral limbus in rubeosis iridis. ... Synonym: Medusa head. ... Origin: Medusa, G. Myth. Char. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput nuclei caudatiSynonym for head of the caudate nucleus ... The head or anterior extremity of the caudate nucleus projecting into the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle. ... Synonym: caput nuclei caudati, anterior extremity of caudate nucleus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput obliquumSynonym for oblique head ... Head of origin which is diagonally situated. Nomina Anatomica lists oblique heads (caput obliquum...) of the following: 1) adductor hallucis muscle (... Musculi adductoris hallucis ); 2) adductor pollicis muscle (... Musculi adductoris pollicis ). ... Synonym: caput obliquum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput ossis femorisSynonym for head of femur ... The hemispheric articular surface at the upper extremity of the thigh bone. ... Synonym: caput ossis femoris, caput femoris, head of thigh bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput ossis metacarpalisSynonym for head of metacarpal bone ... The expanded distal end of a metacarpal that articulates with the proximal phalanx of the same digit. ... Synonym: caput ossis metacarpalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput ossis metatarsalisSynonym for head of metatarsal bone ... The expanded distal end of a metatarsal bone that articulates with the proximal phalanx of the same digit. ... Synonym: caput ossis metatarsalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput pancreatisSynonym for head of pancreas ... That portion of the pancreas lying in the concavity of the duodenum. ... Synonym: caput pancreatis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput phalangisSynonym for head of phalanx ... The rounded articular surface at the distal end of the proximal and middle phalanx of each finger and toe. ... Synonym: caput phalangis, trochlea phalangis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput quadratumA head of large size and square shape, owing to thickened parietal and frontal eminences, seen in rachitic children. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput radialeSynonym for radial head ... The name applied to a head of origin of a muscle arising from the radius. Nomina Anatomica no longer lists any muscles as having radial heads, although formerly a radial head was listed for the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle ... Synonym: caput radiale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput radiiSynonym for head of radius ... The disk-shaped upper extremity articulating with the capitulum of the humerus. ... Synonym: caput radii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput stapedisSynonym for head of stapes ... The portion of the stapes that articulates with the lenticular process of the incus. ... Synonym: caput stapedis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput succedaneum<radiology> Collection of blood/fluid in subcutaneous tissues of scalp, not limited by bony sutures, benign, self-limited, resolves in days Cf: cephalohematoma, subgaleal haematoma ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
caput taliSynonym for head of talus ... The rounded anterior portion of the talus articulating with the navicular bone. ... Synonym: caput tali. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput transversumSynonym for transverse head ... Head of origin of a muscle which is transversely situated. Nomina Anatomica lists transverse heads (caput transversum...) of the following: 1) adductor hallucis muscle (... Musculi adductoris hallucis ); 2) adductor pollicis muscle (... Musculi adductoris pollicis ). ... Synonym: caput transversum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput ulnaeSynonym for head of ulna ... The small rounded distal extremity of the ulna articulating with the ulnar notch of the radius and the articular disk. ... Synonym: caput ulnae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caput ulnareSynonym for ulnar head ... The name applied to a head of origin of a forearm muscle arising from the ulna. Nomina Antomica lists ulnar heads (caput ulnare...) of the following: 1) flexor carpi ulnaris muscle (... Musculi flexoris carpi ulnaris ); 2) pronator teres muscle (... Musculi pronatoris teritis ). ... Synonym: caput ulnare. ... (05 Mar 2000)
capZ
<protein> Microfilament capping protein (32-36 kD) found in Dictyostelium and Acanthamoeba and that binds to the barbed ends of thin filaments in the Z disc of striated muscle. Widely distributed in vertebrate cells, though in nonmuscle cells is predominately in the nucleus. Identical to alpha actinin. Some isoforms may bind to the pointed en …
CAR kinase
<enzyme> Phosphorylates the camp chemotactic receptor of dictyostelium discoideum; can utilise either ATP or GTP, but ATP is much more efficient ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- ... Synonym: chemotactic receptor kinase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
car sickness
A form of motion sickness caused by riding on a train or in an automobile or bus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Carabelli tubercle
A small tubercle, resembling a supernumerary cusp, found occasionally on the lingual surface of the mesiolingual cusp of a permanent maxillary first molar. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Carabelli, Georg
<person> Austrian dentist, 1787-1842. ... See: cusp of Carabelli, Carabelli tubercle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caramel
Burnt sugar; a concentrated solution of the substance obtained by heating sugar with an alkali; a thick, dark brown liquid used as a colouring and flavoring agent in pharmaceutical preparations. ... Origin: Sp., fr. L.L. Calamellus, fr. L. Calamus, reed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caramiphen ethanedisulfonate
Diethylaminoethyl 1-phenylcyclopentanecarboxylate ethanedisulfonate;an antitussive. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
caramiphen hydrochloride
Diethylaminoethyl-1-phenylcyclopentane-1-carboxylate hydrochloride;a synthetic spasmolytic drug; used in the treatment of diseases of the basal ganglia, e.g., parkinsonism and hepatolenticular degeneration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Caraparu virus
A species of C group Bunyavirus and an agent of bunyavirus encephalitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
carate
Synonym for pinta ... An infectious disease of the skin caused by treponema carateum that occurs only in the western hemisphere. Age of onset is between 10 and 20 years of age. This condition is characterised by marked changes in the skin colour and is believed to be transmitted by direct person-to-person contact. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
carb-
<prefix> Prefixes indicating carbon, especially the attachment of a group containing a carbon atom. ... Origin: L. Carbo, charcoal ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
carbachol
<drug> Parasympathomimetic drug formed by substituting the acetyl of acetylcholine with a carbamyl group, acts on both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors and is not hydrolysed by acetylcholine esterase. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
carbacrylamine resins
A mixture of the cation-exchange resin's, carbacrylic resin and potassium carbacrylic resin (87.5%) and of the anion-exchange resin, polyamine-methylene resin (12.5%), used to increase the faecal excretion of sodium in oedema associated with excessive sodium retention by the kidneys, e.g., in congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and ne …
carbadox
<chemical> An antibacterial agent that has been used in veterinary practice for treating swine dysentery and enteritis and for promoting growth. However, its use has been prohibited in the uk following reports of carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. ... Pharmacological action: anti-infective agents, anti-infective agents, local, carcinogens, muta …
carbamate
1. A salt or ester of carbamic acid forming the basis of urethane hypnotics. ... 2. A group of cholinesterase inhibiting insecticides resembling organophosphates; the most frequent carbamate is carbaril. ... Synonym: carbamoate, carbaril. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
carbamate hydrolase
<enzyme> From arthrobacter oxydans p52; specific for herbicide phenmedipham and desmedipham as well as 4-nitrophenylbutyrate; hydrolyzes the carbamate linkage; amino acid sequence given in first source ... Registry number: EC 3.1.1.- ... Synonym: phenylcarbamate hydrolase, phenmedipham hydrolase, phenmedipham carbamate hydrolase ... (26 Jun 1999 …
carbamate kinase
A phosphotransferase catalyzing the reaction of carbamoyl phosphate and ADP to form ATP, NH3, and CO2. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
carbamates
Salts or esters of carbamic acid. They contain the general formula nh2-coo-. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
carbamazepine
<drug> This tricyclic prescription drug is used to treat convulsions, epilepsy and manic episodes. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
carbamic acid
A hypothetical acid, NH2-COOH, forming carbamates; the acyl radical is carbamoyl. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
carbamide
An obsolete term for urea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
carbamino compound
Any carbamic acid derivative formed by the combination of carbon dioxide with a free amino group to form an N-carboxy group, -NH-COOH, as in haemoglobin forming carbaminohemoglobin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
carbaminohemoglobin
Carbon dioxide bound to haemoglobin by means of a reactive amino group on the latter, i.e., Hb-NHCOOH; approximately 20% of the total content of carbon dioxide in blood is combined with haemoglobin in this manner. ... Synonym: carbhemoglobin, carbohemoglobin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
carbamoate
Synonym for carbamate ... 1. A salt or ester of carbamic acid forming the basis of urethane hypnotics. ... 2. A group of cholinesterase inhibiting insecticides resembling organophosphates; the most frequent carbamate is carbaril. ... Synonym: carbamoate, carbaril. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
carbamoyl
The acyl radical, NH2-CO-, the transfer of which plays an important role in certain biochemical reactions; e.g., in the urea cycle, via carbamoyl phosphate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
carbamoyl phosphate
H2NCO-OPO32-;a reactive intermediate capable of transferring its carbamoyl group (H2NCO-) to an acceptor molecule, forming citrulline from ornithine in the urea cycle, and ureidosuccinic acid from aspartic acid in pyrimidine ring formation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
carbamoyl phosphate synthetase
A phosphotransferase catalyzing the formation of carbamoyl phosphate. There are two significant isozymes. Carbomoyl phosphate synthetase I is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyses the reaction of 2ATP, NH3, CO2, and H2O to carbamoyl phosphate, 2ADP, and Pi. It is activated by N-acetylglutamate and participates in urea biosynthesis. ... A deficiency …
carbamoylaspartate dehydrase
dihydro-orotase ...
carbamoylation
Transfer of the carbamoyl from a carbamoyl-containing molecule (e.g., carbamoyl phosphate) to an acceptor moiety such as an amino group. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
carbamoylcarbamic acid
Synonym for allophanic acid ... NH2CONHCOOH; urea carbonic acid;its amide is biuret (allophanamide). ... Synonym: carbamoylcarbamic acid, N-carboxyurea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
carbamoyltransferase
Enzymes transferring carbamoyl groups from one compound to another (e.g., aspartate carbamoyltransferase, ornithine carbamoyltransferase). ... Synonym: transcarbamoylase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
carbamyl
Former spelling of carbamoyl. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
carbamyl phosphate
<chemical> Phosphate salt of carbamic acid. ... Chemical name: Carbamic acid, monoanhydride with phosphoric acid ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
carbamylation
Former spelling of carbamoylation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
carbamylcholine chloride
A cholinomimetic drug which reacts with and activates both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors. It is slowly hydrolyzed and thus its effects far outlast those of acetylcholine. Used medically to stimulate smooth muscle, as in paralytic ileus following surgery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
carbanion
<chemistry> A negatively charged carbon atom. ... (07 Apr 1998) ...
carbapenems
A group of beta-lactam antibiotics in which the sulfur atom in the thiazolidine ring of the penicillin molecule is replaced by a carbon atom. Thienamycins are a subgroup of carbapenems which have a sulfur atom as the first constituent of the side chain. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
carbaril
Synonym: carbamate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
carbarsone
4-Ureidobenzenearsonic acid; N-carbamoylarsanilic acid;an amoebicide. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
carbaryl
<chemical> A carbamate insecticide and parasiticide. It is a potent anticholinesterase agent belonging to the carbamate group of reversible cholinesterase inhibitor. It has a particularly low toxicity from dermal absorption and is used for control of head lice in some countries. ... Pharmacological action: cholinesterase inhibitor, insecticide …
carbazides
1,3-diaminoureas; rNH-NHCONH-NHR'. ... Synonym: carbohydrazides. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
carbazilquinone
<chemical> An alkylating agent structurally similar to mitomycin c and found to be effective in the treatment of leukaemia and various other neoplasms in mice. It causes leukaemia and thrombocytopenia in almost all human patients. ... Pharmacological action: antineoplastic agent, alkylating. ... Chemical name: 2,5-Cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione, 2-(2 …
carbazochrome salicylate
Adrenochrome monosemicarbazone-sodium salicylate complex;an oxidation product of epinephrine used for the systemic control of capillary bleeding associated with increased capillary permeability. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
carbazole
Reacts with carbohydrates (including uronates and deoxypentoses) giving colours characteristic of the sugar type; used for assay and analysis of carbohydrates and formaldehyde, and as a dye intermediate; sensitive to ultraviolet light. ... Synonym: 9-azafluorene, diphenylenimine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
carbazole 1,9a-dioxygenase
<enzyme> Catalyses oxygenation of angular position next to nitrogen of carbazole ring system ... Registry number: EC 1.13.11.- ... Synonym: cara gene product, cardo enzyme ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
carbazotic acid
Synonym for picric acid ... C6H2(NO2)3OH; 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol;has been used as an application in burns, eczema, erysipelas, and pruritus. ... Synonym: carbazotic acid, nitroxanthic acid. ... Origin: G. Pikros, bitter ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
carbenicillin
<chemical> Broad-spectrum semisynthetic penicillin derivative used parenterally. It is susceptible to gastric juice and penicillinase and may damage platelet function. ... Pharmacological action: penicillins. ... Chemical name: 4-Thia-1-azabicyclo(3.2.0)heptane-2-carboxylic acid, 6-((carboxyphenylacetyl)amino)-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-, (2S-(2alpha,5 …
carbenicillin disodium
Disodium salt of 6-(alpha-carboxy-alpha-phenylacetamido)penicillanic acid (alpha-carboxybenzylpenicillin);a semisynthetic extended spectrum penicillin active against a wide variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
