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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

boss
To ornament with bosses; to stud. ... Origin: OE. Bocen, fr. OF. Bocier. See the preceding word. ... Origin: OE. Boce, bose, boche, OF. Boce, boche, bosse, F. Bosse, of G. Origin; cf. OHG. Bozo tuft, bunch, OHG. Bozan, MHG. Bozen, to beat. See Beat, and cf. Botch a swelling. ... 1. Any protuberant part; a round, swelling part or body; a knoblike proce …

bosselated
Marked by numerous bosses or rounded protuberances. ... Origin: Fr. Bosseler, to emboss ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bosselation
1. A boss. ... 2. A condition in which one or more bosses, or rounded protuberances, are present. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Boston exanthema
A viral disease resembling exanthema subitum, with the exanthema, if it develops, appearing after the fever has subsided; it is caused by strain 16 of ECHO virus. ... Origin: after the city in which an epidemic occurred ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Boston opium
Opium so diluted after importation as barely to meet the official requirements. ... Synonym: pudding opium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Botallo, Leonardo
<person> Italian physician in Paris, 1530-1600(?). ... See: Botallo's duct, Botallo's foramen, Botallo's ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Botallo's duct
Synonym for ductus arteriosus ... Before birth, the blood headed from the heart (via the pulmonary artery) for the lungs is shunted away from the lungs and returned to the greatest of arteries (the aorta). The shunt is through a short vessel called the ductus arteriosus. When the shunt is open, it is said to be patent (pronounced pa'tent). The paten …

Botallo's foramen
The orifice of communication between the two atria of the foetal heart. ... See: foramen ovale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Botallo's ligament
Synonym for ligamentum arteriosum ... The remains of the ductus arteriosus. ... Synonym: arterial ligament, Botallo's ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

botanical
Of or pertaining to botany; relating to the study of plants; as, a botanical system, arrangement, textbook, expedition. Botan'ically, Botanic garden, a garden devoted to the culture of plants collected for the purpose of illustrating the science of botany. Botanic physician, a physician whose medicines consist chiefly of herbs and roots. ... Origin: …

botany
<study> The scientific study of plant life. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

botany bay
A harbor on the east coast of Australia, and an English convict settlement there; so called from the number of new plants found on its shore at its discovery by Cook in 1770. ... Hence, any place to which desperadoes resort. ... <medicine> Botany Bay kino, a resin of reddish yellow colour, resembling gamboge, the product of different Australian …

botch
Origin: Same as Boss a stud. For senses 2 & 3 cf. D. Botsen to beat, akin to E. Beat. ... 1. A swelling on the skin; a large ulcerous affection; a boil; an eruptive disease. 'Botches and blains must all his flesh emboss.' (Milton) ... 2. A patch put on, or a part of a garment patched or mended in a clumsy manner. ... 3. Work done in a bungling man …

bote
Compensation; amends; satisfaction; expiation; as, man bote, a compensation or a man slain. ... Payment of any kind. ... A privilege or allowance of necessaries. ... This word is still used in composition as equivalent to the French estovers, supplies, necessaries; as, housebote, a sufficiency of wood to repair a house, or for fuel, sometimes called f …

botfly
<zoology> A dipterous insect of the family (Estridae, of many different species, some of which are particularly troublesome to domestic animals, as the horse, ox, and sheep, on which they deposit their eggs. A common species is one of the botflies of the horse (Gastrophilus equi), the larvae of which (bots) are taken into the stomach of the a …

bothria
Plural of bothrium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bothriocephaliasis
Synonym for diphyllobothriasis ... An infection caused by the fish tapeworm, Diphyllobothrium latum, one of the giant tapeworm species. Humans may get infected after eating undercooked fish that contain tapeworm larvae. Fish tapeworms are more common in cold, fresh water lakes such as the Great Lakes area. The adult worm grows in the intestine to le …

Bothriocephalus
A genus of pseudophyllid tapeworms with both plerocercoid and adult stages in fishes; sometimes historically confused with Diphyllobothrium. ... Origin: G. Bothrion, dim. Of bothros, pit or trench, + kephale, head ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bothriocephalus cordatus
A species common in dogs and man in Greenland. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bothriocephalus latus
Former name for Diphyllobothrium latum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bothriocephalus mansoni
Former name for Spirometra mansoni. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bothriocephalus mansonoides
Former name for Spirometra mansonoides. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bothrium
One of the slitlike sucking grooves found on the scolex of pseudophyllidean tapeworms, such as the broad fish tapeworm of man, Diphyllobothrium latum. ... Origin: G. Bothros, pit or trench ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bothropic antitoxin
Antitoxin specific for the venom of pit vipers of the genus Bothrops (Bothrophora) of the family Crotalidae. ... Synonym: Bothrops antitoxin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bothrops
A genus of poisonous snakes of the viperidae family. About 50 species are known and all are found in tropical america and southern south america. Bothrops atrox is the fer-de-lance and b. Jararaca is the jararaca. (goin, goin, and zug, introduction to herpetology, 3d ed, p336) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Bothrops antitoxin
Synonym for bothropic antitoxin ... Antitoxin specific for the venom of pit vipers of the genus Bothrops (Bothrophora) of the family Crotalidae. ... Synonym: Bothrops antitoxin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

botropase
<chemical> Systemic haemocoagulant ... Pharmacological action: coagulants ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

botryoid
Having numerous rounded protuberances resembling a bunch of grapes. ... Synonym: staphyline, uviform. ... Origin: G. Botryoeides, like a bunch of grapes (botrys) ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

botryoid odontogenic cyst
A type of lateral periodontal cyst that shows a multilocular growth pattern. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

botryoid sarcoma
<tumour> A polypoid form of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma which occurs in children, most frequently in the urogenital tract, characterised by the formation of grossly apparent grapelike clusters of neoplastic tissue that consist of rhabdomyoblasts, spindle, and stellate cells in a myxomatous stroma; neoplasms of this type grow relatively rapidly …

Botryomyces
A generic name applied to a supposed fungus causing botryomycosis. Since this disease is now known to be caused by several kinds of bacteria, staphylococci most commonly, the name is invalid and rarely used. The name of the disease has been retained, nevertheless, to indicate a peculiar type of tissue reaction. ... Origin: G. Botrys, a bunch of grap …

botryomycosis
A chronic granulomatous condition of horses, cattle, swine, and man, usually involving the skin but occasionally also the viscera, and characterised by granules in the pus, consisting of masses of bacteria, generally staphylococci but sometimes other types, surrounded by a hyaline capsule which sometimes exhibits clublike bodies around its peripher …

botryomycotic
Relating to or affected by botryomycosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

botswana
A republic in southern africa, between namibia and zambia. It was formerly called bechuanaland. Its capital is gaborone. The kalahari desert is in the west and southwest. Botswana was organised as a british protectorate in 1885 and became independent in 1966. The name comes from bo, the prefix for abstract nouns + tswana, the people themselves. Bec …

Bottcher, Arthur
<person> Estonian anatomist, 1831-1889. ... See: Bottcher's canal, Bottcher's cells, Bottcher's crystals, Bottcher's ganglion, Bottcher's space, Charcot-Bottcher crystalloids. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bottcher's canal
Synonym for utriculosaccular duct ... A duct that connects the inner aspect of the utricle with the endolymphatic duct a short distance from its origin from the saccule. ... Synonym: ductus utriculosaccularis, Bottcher's canal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bottcher's cells
Cell's of the basilar membrane of the cochlea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bottcher's crystals
Small crystal's observed microscopically in prostatic fluid that is treated with a drop or two of 1% solution of ammonium phosphate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bottcher's ganglion
Ganglion on the cochlear nerve in the internal acoustic meatus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bottcher's space
Synonym for endolymphatic sac ... The blind pouch at the end of the endolymphatic duct. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

bottle
1. A hollow vessel, usually of glass or earthenware (but formerly of leather), with a narrow neck or mouth, for holding liquids. ... 2. The contents of a bottle; as much as a bottle contains; as, to drink a bottle of wine. ... 3. Intoxicating liquor; as, to drown one's reason in the bottle. ... Bottle is much used adjectively, or as the first part of …

bottle cell
<embryology> The first cells to migrate inwards at the blastopore during amphibian gastrulation. The neck of the bottle is at the outer surface of the embryo. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

bottle feeding
Use of nursing bottles for feeding. Applies to humans and animals. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

bottom
1. The lowest part of anything; the foot; as, the bottom of a tree or well; the bottom of a hill, a lane, or a page. 'Or dive into the bottom of the deep.' (Shak) ... 2. The part of anything which is beneath the contents and supports them, as the part of a chair on which a person sits, the circular base or lower head of a cask or tub, or the plank f …

bottom ash
Noncombustable ash that is left after solid fuel has been burned. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

bottoming cycle
A cogeneration system in which steam is used first for process heat and then for electric power production. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

bottomland
<ecology> Lowlands along streams and rivers, usually on alluvial floodplains, that are periodically flooded. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

botulin
<protein> A very strong poison which affects the nervous system, made by the bacteria Clostridium botulinum. The poison causes the food poisoning known as botulism. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

botulinogenic
Synonym for botulogenic ... Botulism-producing. ... Synonym: botulinogenic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

botulinum antitoxin
An equine antitoxin against the toxins produced by the type a, b, or e strain of clostridium botulinum. Generally trivalent (abe) antitoxin is used. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

botulinum toxin
<protein> Neurotoxin (50 kD, 7 distinct serotypes) produced by certain strains of Clostridium botulinum. ... The bacterium produces the toxin as a complex with a haemagglutinin that prevents toxin inactivation in the gut. Proteolysis in the body results in cleavage into two fragments A and B. B binds to gangliosides and may stimulate the endoc …

botulinum toxin type a
<chemical> A neurotoxin produced by clostridium botulinum. When consumed in contaminated food it can cause paralysis and death. In its purified form, it has been used in the treatment of blepharospasm and strabismus. ... Pharmacological action: neuromuscular agents. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

botulinum toxins
<chemical> Toxins produced by clostridium botulinum. There are at least seven different substances, most being proteins. They have neuro-, entero-, and haemotoxic properties, are immunogenic, and include the most potent poisons known. The most commonly used apparently blocks release of acetylcholine at cholinergic synapses. ... Pharmacological …

botulinus toxin
A potent neurotoxin from Clostridium botulinum. ... Synonym: botulin, botulismotoxin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

botulism
<disease, microbiology> An illness caused by a potent bacterial toxin (produced by Clostridium botulinum), this uncommon infection has four forms: infant botulism, food-borne botulism, wound botulism and botulism from an unknown source. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

botulism antitoxin
Antitoxin specific for a toxin of one or another strain of Clostridium botulinum. ... Synonym: botulinum antitoxin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

botulism toxin
<protein> A toxic byproduct of Clostridium Botulinum that is responsible for the food-borne illness known as botulism. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

botulismotoxin
Synonym for botulinus toxin ... A potent neurotoxin from Clostridium botulinum. ... Synonym: botulin, botulismotoxin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

botulogenic
Botulism-producing. ... Synonym: botulinogenic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

boubas
Synonym: yaws. ... Origin: native Brazilian ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bouchard, Charles
<person> French physician, 1837-1915. ... See: Bouchard's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bouchard's disease
Myopathic dilation of the stomach. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bouche de tapir
Synonym: tapir mouth. ... Origin: Fr. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bouchut, Jean
<person> French physician, 1818-1891. ... See: Bouchut's tube. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bouchut's tube
A short cylindrical tube used in intubation of the larynx. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bouffardi's black mycetoma
<dermatology> An obsolete term for a chronic infection, usually involving the feet. ... See: mycetoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bouffardi's mycetoma
Synonym for Bouffardi's white mycetoma ... <dermatology> A form of mycetoma common in India and found occasionally in Somalia, caused by the organism Streptomyces somaliensis; in this variety, the muscles, tendons, and bones of the foot are destroyed by the disease process; numerous draining sinuses discharge yellowish grains, clustered like f …

Bouffardi's white mycetoma
<dermatology> A form of mycetoma common in India and found occasionally in Somalia, caused by the organism Streptomyces somaliensis; in this variety, the muscles, tendons, and bones of the foot are destroyed by the disease process; numerous draining sinuses discharge yellowish grains, clustered like fish roe. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bougie
1. <surgery> A long, flexible instrument, that is ... Introduced into the urethra, oesophagus, etc, to remove obstructions, or for the other purposes. It was originally made of waxed linen rolled into cylindrical form. ... 2. <pharmacology> A long slender rod consisting of gelatin or some other substance that melts at the temperature of t …

bougie a boule
A ball-tipped bougie. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bougienage
Examination or treatment of the interior of any canal by the passage of a bougie or cannula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bouillaud, Jean
<person> French physician, 1796-1881. ... See: Bouillaud's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bouillaud's disease
An obsolete eponym for acute rheumatic fever with carditis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bouin, Paul
<person> French histologist, 1870-1962. ... See: Bouin's fixative. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bouin's fixative
A solution of glacial acetic acid, formalin, and picric acid, useful for soft and delicate tissues (as those of embryos) and small pieces of tissues; it preserves glycogen and nuclei and permits brilliant staining, but penetrates slowly, distorts kidney tissue and mitochondria, and does not permit Feulgen stain for DNA. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

boulder
1. A large stone, worn smooth or rounded by the action of water; a large pebble. ... 2. <geology> A mass of any rock, whether rounded or not, that has been transported by natural agencies from its native bed. See Drift. Bowlder clay, the unstratified clay deposit of the Glacial or Drift epoch, often containing large numbers of bowlders. Bowlde …

boulimia
Synonym for bulimia nervosa ... An eating disorder which is characterised by self-induced vomiting after eating. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

bounce
1. To strike or thump, so as to rebound, or to make a sudden noise; a knock loudly. 'Another bounces as hard as he can knock.' (Swift) 'Against his bosom bounced his heaving heart.' (Dryden) ... 2. To leap or spring suddenly or unceremoniously; to bound; as, she bounced into the room. 'Out bounced the mastiff.' (Swift) 'Bounced off his arm+chair.' ( …

bounce frequency
<physics> The average frequency of oscillation of a particle trapped in a magnetic mirror as it bounces back and forth between its turning points in regions of high magnetic field. (See also trapped particle, turning points, banana orbit). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

bound
The external or limiting line, either real or imaginary, of any object or space; that which limits or restrains, or within which something is limited or restrained; limit; confine; extent; boundary. 'He hath compassed the waters with bounds.' (Job xxvi. 10) 'On earth's remotest bounds.' (Campbell) 'And mete the bounds of hate and love.' (Tennyson) …

bound water
Water held to colloids and other substances and not removed by simple filtration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

boundary lamina
A basement membrane-like structure that invests muscle cells, fat cells, and Schwann cells. ... See: basement membrane, basal lamina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

boundary layer
<radiobiology> In fluid flow, a narrow region next to a fixed boundary or surface where the fluid velocity rapidly changes from zero to some finite value. The term has been generalised to situations with similar mathematics. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

bounty
Origin: OE. Bounte goodness, kindness, F. Bonte, fr. L. Bonitas, fr. Bonus good, for older duonus; cf. Skr. Duvas honor, respect. ... 1. Goodness, kindness; virtue; worth. 'Nature set in her at once beauty with bounty.' (Gower) ... 2. Liberality in bestowing gifts or favors; gracious or liberal giving; generosity; munificence. 'My bounty is as boundl …

bouquet fever
A tropical disease caused by dengue virus (Arbovirus), that is transmitted by the bite of an infected mosquito of the genus Aedes). Four severity grades of the illness are seen: grade I (fever and constitutional symptoms), grade II (grade I plus spontaneous bleeding of skin, gums or gastrointestinal tract), grade III (grade II plus agitation and ci …

Bourdon
Eugene, French engineer and inventor, 1808-1884. ... See: Bourdon tube. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bourdon tube
A curved and partially flattened tube that tends to straighten out in proportion to internal pressure; used as a transducer to move the pointer of an aneroid manometer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bourgery
Marc-Jean, French anatomist and surgeon, 1797-1849. ... See: Bourgery's ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bourgery's ligament
Synonym for oblique popliteal ligament ... <anatomy> Reflected tendon of insertion of semimembranous muscle; a fibrous band that extends across the back of the knee from its separation from the direct tendon of insertion on the medial condyle of the tibia to the lateral condyle of the femur. ... Synonym: ligamentum popliteum obliquum, Bourgery' …

Bourneville
Desire-Magloire, French physician, 1840-1909. ... See: Bourneville's disease, Bourneville-Pringle disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bourneville-Pringle disease
Facial lesions with tuberous sclerosis, first reported as adenoma sebaceum, but now recognised as angiofibromas. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bourneville's disease
Synonym for tuberous sclerosis ... <radiology> (Bourneville disease) autosomal dominant phakomatosis classic triad: seizures, retardation, adenoma sebaceum, calcified subependymal hamartomas, uncalcified tubers in cerebral cortex, enhancing lesion most likely to be malignant transformation to giant cell astrocytoma associated with: skin lesion …

Bourquin
Anne, U.S. Chemist, *1897. ... See: Sherman-Bourquin unit of vitamin B2. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bouton
A button, pustule, or knob-like swelling. ... Origin: Fr. Button ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bouton de Bagdad
Bouton d'Orient, the lesion occurring in cutaneous leishmaniasis. ... Synonym: bouton de Biskra. ... Bouton en chemise, small abscess of the intestinal mucosa, occurring in amoebic dysentery. ... Boutons en passage, consecutive synapses along the course of an axon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bouton de Biskra
Synonym for bouton de Bagdad ... Bouton d'Orient, the lesion occurring in cutaneous leishmaniasis. ... Synonym: bouton de Biskra. ... Bouton en chemise, small abscess of the intestinal mucosa, occurring in amoebic dysentery. ... Boutons en passage, consecutive synapses along the course of an axon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

boutonneuse
Fièvre boutonneuse or African tick typhus, one of the tick-borne rickettsial diseases of the eastern hemisphere, similar to Rocky Mountain spotted fever, but less severe, with fever, a small ulcer (tache noire) at the site of the tick bite, swollen glands nearby (satellite lymphadenopathy), and a red raised (maculopapular) rash. The French word bou …

boutonneuse fever
A febrile disease of the mediterranean area, the crimea, africa, and india, caused by infection with rickettsia conorii. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

boutonniere
A traumatically produced slit or buttonhole-like opening. ... Origin: Fr. Buttonhole ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

boutonniere deformity
Flexion of the proximal interphalangeal joint with hyperextension of the distal interphalangeal joint of the finger, caused by splitting of the extensor hood and protrusion of the head of the proximal phalanx through the resulting 'buttonhole.' ... (05 Mar 2000) ...