Society So·ci"e·ty noun ;
plural Societies . [ Latin
societas , from
socius a companion: confer French
société . See
Social .]
1. The relationship of men to one another when associated in any way; companionship; fellowship; company. "Her loved
society ."
Milton. There is society where none intrudes
By the deep sea, and music in its roar.
Byron. 2. Connection; participation; partnership. [ R.]
The meanest of the people and such as have the least society with the acts and crimes of kings.
Jer. Taylor. 3. A number of persons associated for any temporary or permanent object; an association for mutual or joint usefulness, pleasure, or profit; a social union; a partnership; as, a missionary society . 4. The persons, collectively considered, who live in any region or at any period; any community of individuals who are united together by a common bond of nearness or intercourse; those who recognize each other as associates, friends, and acquaintances. 5. Specifically, the more cultivated portion of any community in its social relations and influences; those who mutually give receive formal entertainments. Society of Jesus .
See Jesuit . --
Society verses [ a translation of French
vers de société ],
the lightest kind of lyrical poetry; verses for the amusement of polite society.
Socinian So·cin"i·an adjective Of or pertaining to Socinus , or the Socinians.
Socinian So·cin"i·an noun One of the followers of Socinus; a believer in Socinianism.
Socinianism So·cin"i·an·ism noun (Eccl. Hist.) The tenets or doctrines of Faustus Socinus, an Italian theologian of the sixteenth century, who denied the Trinity, the deity of Christ, the personality of the Devil, the native and total depravity of man, the vicarious atonement, and the eternity of future punishment. His theory was, that Christ was a man divinely commissioned, who had no existence before he was conceived by the Virgin Mary; that human sin was the imitation of Adam's sin, and that human salvation was the imitation and adoption of Christ's virtue; that the Bible was to be interpreted by human reason; and that its language was metaphorical, and not to be taken literally.
Socinianize So·cin"i·an·ize transitive verb [
imperfect & past participle Socinianized ;
present participle & verbal noun Socinianizing .]
To cause to conform to Socinianism; to regulate by, or imbue with, the principles of Socinianism.
Sociologic, Sociological So`ci·o·log"ic, So`ci·o·log"ic·al adjective Of or pertaining to sociology, or social science. --
So`ci*o*log"ic*al*ly ,
adverb
Sociologist So`ci·ol"o·gist noun One who treats of, or devotes himself to, the study of sociology. J. S. Mill.
Sociology So`ci·ol"o·gy noun [ Latin
socius a companion +
-logy .]
That branch of philosophy which treats of the constitution, phenomena, and development of human society; social science. H. Spencer.
Sock Sock noun [ French
soc , Late Latin
soccus , perhaps of Celtic origin.]
A plowshare. Edin. Encyc.
Sock Sock noun [ Middle English
sock , Anglo-Saxon
socc , from Latin
soccus a kind of low-heeled, light shoe. Confer
Sucket .]
1. The shoe worn by actors of comedy in ancient Greece and Rome, -- used as a symbol of comedy, or of the comic drama, as distinguished from tragedy, which is symbolized by the buskin . Great Fletcher never treads in buskin here,
Nor greater Jonson dares in socks appear.
Dryden. 2. A knit or woven covering for the foot and lower leg; a stocking with a short leg. 3. A warm inner sole for a shoe. Simmonds.
Sock Sock transitive verb [ Perh. shortened from
sockdolager .]
To hurl, drive, or strike violently; -- often with it as an object. [ Prov. or Vulgar]
Kipling.
Sockdolager Sock·dol"a·ger noun [ A corruption of
doxology .] [ Written also
sockdologer .]
1. That which finishes or ends a matter; a settler; a poser, as a heavy blow, a conclusive answer, and the like. [ Slang, U.S.]
2. (Angling) A combination of two hooks which close upon each other, by means of a spring, as soon as the fish bites. [ U. S.]
Sockdolager Sock·dol"a·ger noun Something unusually large. [ Slang, U. S.]
Socket Sock"et noun [ Middle English
soket , a dim. through Old French from Latin
soccus . See
Sock a covering for the foot.]
1. An opening into which anything is fitted; any hollow thing or place which receives and holds something else; as, the sockets of the teeth. His eyeballs in their hollow sockets sink.
Dryden. 2. Especially, the hollow tube or place in which a candle is fixed in the candlestick. And in the sockets oily bubbles dance.
Dryden. Socket bolt (Machinery) ,
a bolt that passes through a thimble that is placed between the parts connected by the bolt. --
Socket chisel .
Same as Framing chisel . See under Framing . --
Socket pipe ,
a pipe with an expansion at one end to receive the end of a connecting pipe. --
Socket pole ,
a pole armed with iron fixed on by means of a socket, and used to propel boats, etc. [ U.S.] --
Socket wrench ,
a wrench consisting of a socket at the end of a shank or rod, for turning a nut, bolthead, etc., in a narrow or deep recess.
Socketed Sock"et·ed adjective Having a socket. Dawkins.
Sockless Sock"less adjective Destitute of socks or shoes. B. & Fl.
Socky Sock"y adjective Wet; soaky. [ Prov. Eng.]
Socle So"cle noun [ French, from Latin
socculus , dim. of
soccus . See
Sock a covering for the foot. Confer
Zocco .]
(Architecture) (a) A plain block or plinth forming a low pedestal; any base; especially, the base of a statue, column, or the like. See Plinth . (b) A plain face or plinth at the lower part of a wall. Oxf. Gloss.
Socman Soc"man noun ;
plural Socmen . [ See
Socage .]
(O. Eng. Law) One who holds lands or tenements by socage; a socager. Cowell.
Socmanry Soc"man·ry noun (O.E. Law) Tenure by socage.
Socome Soc"ome noun [ Anglo-Saxon
sōcen ,
sōcn , searching, or the right of searching, the lord's court. See
Soc .]
(O.Eng. Law) A custom of tenants to grind corn at the lord's mill. Cowell.
Socotrine Soc"o·trine adjective Of or pertaining to Socotra, an island in the Indian Ocean, on the east coast of Africa. --
noun A native or inhabitant of Socotra.
Socratic, Socratical So·crat"ic, So·crat"ic·al adjective [ Latin
Socraticus , Greek .............]
Of or pertaining to Socrates, the Grecian sage and teacher. ( b. c. 469-399), or to his manner of teaching and philosophizing. » The
Socratic method of reasoning and instruction was by a series of questions leading the one to whom they were addressed to perceive and admit what was true or false in doctrine, or right or wrong in conduct.
Socratically So·crat"ic·al·ly adverb In the Socratic method.
Socratism Soc"ra·tism noun The philosophy or the method of Socrates.
Socratist Soc"ra·tist noun [ Greek .............]
A disciple or follower of Socrates.
Sod Sod noun (Zoology) The rock dove. [ Prov. Eng.]
Sod Sod obsolete
imperfect of Seethe .
Sod Sod noun [ Akin to LG.
sode , Dutch
zode , OD.
sode ,
soode , OFries. satha, and English
seethe . So named from its
sodden state in wet weather. See
Seethe .]
That stratum of the surface of the soil which is filled with the roots of grass, or any portion of that surface; turf; sward. She there shall dress a sweeter sod
Than Fancy's feet have ever trod.
Collins.
Sod Sod transitive verb [
imperfect & past participle Sodden ;
present participle & verbal noun Sodding .]
To cover with sod; to turf.
Soda So"da noun [ Italian , soda, in OIt., ashes used in making glass, from Latin
solida , fem. of
solidus solid;
solida having probably been a name of glasswort. See
Solid .]
(Chemistry) (a) Sodium oxide or hydroxide. (b) Popularly, sodium carbonate or bicarbonate. Caustic soda ,
sodium hydroxide. --
Cooking soda ,
sodium bicarbonate. [ Colloq.] --
Sal soda .
See Sodium carbonate , under Sodium . --
Soda alum (Min.) ,
a mineral consisting of the hydrous sulphate of alumina and soda. --
Soda ash ,
crude sodium carbonate; -- so called because formerly obtained from the ashes of sea plants and certain other plants, as saltwort ( Salsola ). See under Sodium . --
Soda fountain ,
an apparatus for drawing soda water, fitted with delivery tube, faucets, etc. --
Soda lye ,
a lye consisting essentially of a solution of sodium hydroxide, used in soap making. --
Soda niter .
See Nitratine . --
Soda salts ,
salts having sodium for the base; specifically, sodium sulphate or Glauber's salts. --
Soda waste ,
the waste material, consisting chiefly of calcium hydroxide and sulphide, which accumulates as a useless residue or side product in the ordinary Leblanc process of soda manufacture; -- called also alkali waste . --
Soda water ,
originally, a beverage consisting of a weak solution of sodium bicarbonate, with some acid to cause effervescence; now, in common usage, a beverage consisting of water highly charged with carbon dioxide (carbonic acid). Fruit sirups, cream, etc., are usually added to give flavor. See Carbonic acid , under Carbonic . --
Washing soda ,
sodium carbonate. [ Colloq.]
Sodaic So·da"ic adjective Pertaining to, or containing, soda. "
Sodaic powder."
Ure.
Sodalite So"da·lite noun [
Soda +
- lite : confer French
sodalithe .]
(Min.) A mineral of a white to blue or gray color, occuring commonly in dodecahedrons, also massive. It is a silicate of alumina and soda with some chlorine.
Sodality So·dal"i·ty noun ;
plural Sodalities . [ Latin
sodalitas , from
sodalis a comrade.]
1. A fellowship or fraternity; a brotherhood. 2. (R.C.Ch.) Specifically, a lay association for devotion or for charitable purposes.
Sodamide Sod·am"ide noun (Chemistry) A greenish or reddish crystalline substance, NaNH 2 , obtained by passing ammonia over heated sodium.
Sodden Sod"den adjective [
past participle of
Seethe .]
Boiled; seethed; also, soaked; heavy with moisture; saturated; as, sodden beef; sodden bread; sodden fields.
Sodden Sod"den intransitive verb To be seethed; to become sodden.
Sodden Sod"den transitive verb To soak; to make heavy with water.
Sodden-witted Sod"den-wit`ted adjective Heavy; dull. Shak.
Soddy Sod"dy adjective [ From
Sod .]
Consisting of sod; covered with sod; turfy. Cotgrave.
Soder Sod"er noun & transitive verb See Solder .
Sodger So"dger noun & intransitive verb Var. of Soldier . [ Dial. or Slang]
Sodic So"dic adjective (Chemistry) Of or pertaining to sodium; containing sodium.
Sodio- So"di·o- (Chemistry) A combining form (also used adjectively) denoting the presence of sodium or one of its compounds .
Sodium So"di·um noun [ New Latin , from English
soda .]
(Chemistry) A common metallic element of the alkali group, in nature always occuring combined, as in common salt, in albite, etc. It is isolated as a soft, waxy, white, unstable metal, so readily oxidized that it combines violently with water, and to be preserved must be kept under petroleum or some similar liquid. Sodium is used combined in many salts, in the free state as a reducer, and as a means of obtaining other metals (as magnesium and aluminium) is an important commercial product. Symbol Na ( Natrium ). Atomic weight 23. Specific gravity 0.97. Sodium amalgam ,
an alloy of sodium and mercury, usually produced as a gray metallic crystalline substance, which is used as a reducing agent, and otherwise. --
Sodium bicarbonate ,
a white crystalline substance, HNaCO 3 , with a slight alkaline taste resembling that of sodium carbonate. It is found in many mineral springs and also produced artificially,. It is used in cookery, in baking powders, and as a source of carbonic acid gas (carbon dioxide) for soda water. Called also cooking soda , saleratus , and technically, acid sodium carbonate , primary sodium carbonate , sodium dicarbonate , etc. --
Sodium carbonate ,
a white crystalline substance, Na 2 CO 3 . 10 H 2 O, having a cooling alkaline taste, found in the ashes of many plants, and produced artifically in large quantities from common salt. It is used in making soap, glass, paper, etc., and as alkaline agent in many chemical industries. Called also sal soda , washing soda , or soda . Confer Sodium bicarbonate , above and Trona . --
Sodium chloride ,
common, or table, salt, NaCl. --
Sodium hydroxide ,
a white opaque brittle solid, NaOH, having a fibrous structure, produced by the action of quicklime, or of calcium hydrate (milk of lime), on sodium carbonate. It is a strong alkali, and is used in the manufacture of soap, in making wood pulp for paper, etc. Called also sodium hydrate , and caustic soda . By extension, a solution of sodium hydroxide.
Sodium sulphate So"di·um sul"phate A salt well known as a catharic under the name of Glauber's salt , which term is properly applied to the hydrate, Na 2 SO 4 . 10 H 2 O.
Sodomite Sod"om·ite noun 1. An inhabitant of Sodom. 2. One guilty of sodomy.
Sodomitical Sod`om·it"ic·al adjective Pertaining to, or of the nature of, sodomy. --
Sod`om*it"ic*al*ly ,
adverb
Sodomy Sod"om·y noun [ From
Sodom . a country mentioned in the Bible: confer French
sodomite .]
Carnal copulation in a manner against nature; buggery. Gen. xix. 5.
Soe Soe noun [ Scot.
sae ,
say ,
saye ; confer Icelandic
sār a large cask, Swedish
s... a tub.]
A large wooden vessel for holding water; a cowl. [ Obsolete or Prov. Eng.]
Dr. H. More.
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