Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

dermatomycosis
(dur″mә-to-mi-ko´sis) a superficial fungal infection of the skin or of its appendages.

dermatomyoma
(dur″mә-to-mi-o´mә) leiomyoma cutis.

dermatomyositis
(dur″mә-to-mi″ә-si´tis) an acute, subacute, or chronic type of polymyositis with characteristic skin manifestations such as inflammation, poikiloderma, and plaques on elbows, knees, and knuckles. It is in the group of illnesses known as collagen diseases. Warning signs that an attack may be coming incl...

dermatopathic
(dur″mә-to-path´ik) pertaining to or attributable to disease of the skin.

dermatopathic lymphadenopathy
regional enlargement of lymph nodes with reddening or darkening of the skin and other dermatoses.

dermatopathology
(dur″mә-to-pә-thol´ә-je) pathology that is especially concerned with lesions of the skin.

dermatopathy
(dur″mә-top´ә-the) any disease of the skin; dermopathy.

Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus
(der″ә-tof″ә-goi´dēz ter″ә-nĭ-si´mus) the house dust mite, which is antigenic and can produce allergic asthma in atopic persons.

dermatophilosis
(dur″mә-to-fĭ-lo´sis) an actinomycotic disease caused by Dermatophilus congolensis, affecting cattle, sheep, horses, goats, deer, and sometimes human beings. In humans it is marked by nonpainful pustules on the hands and arms; the lesions break down and form shallow red ulcers which regress spontaneousl...

Dermatophilus
(dur″mә-tof´ĭ-lәs) a genus of gram-positive, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic actinomycetes; D. congolen´sis is the etiologic agent of dermatophilosis.

dermatophyte
(dur´mә-to-fīt″) a fungus parasitic upon the skin or its appendages; those preferring humans are called anthropophilic and those preferring other animals are called zoophilic. Particularly serious infections may occur in immunocompromised persons. The genera considered to contain dermophytic species are Micro...

dermatophytid
(dur″mә-tof´ĭ-tid) an id reaction that is an expression of hypersensitivity to infection with a dermatophyte, especially Epidermophyton; it occurs on an area remote from the site of infection, usually on the hands, wrists, or sides of the fingers in association with tinea pedis.

dermatophytosis
(dur″mә-to-fi-to´sis) a superficial fungal infection caused by a dermatophyte and involving the stratum corneum of the skin, hair, and nails, including onychomycosis and the various forms of tinea. Called also epidermophytosis. tinea pedis.

dermatoplasty
(dur´mә-to-plas″te) a plastic operation on the skin; operative replacement of lost skin. adj., dermatoplas´tic., adj.

dermatosclerosis
(dur″mә-to-sklә-ro´sis) scleroderma.

dermatosis
(dur″mә-to´sis) pl. dermato´ses Any noninflammatory disorder of the skin. lichenoid dermatosis any skin disorder characterized by thickening and hardening of the skin. precancerous dermatosis any skin condition in which the lesions, such as warts...

dermatotherapy
(dur″mә-to-ther´ә-pe) treatment of skin diseases.

dermatotropic
(dur″mә-to-tro´pik) having a specific affinity for the skin.

dermatozoon
(dur″mә-to-zo´әn) any animal parasite on the skin; an ectoparasite.

dermis
(dur´mis) the fibrous inner layer of skin just beneath the epidermis, derived from the embryonic mesoderm. It varies from 0.05 cm to 0.3 cm in thickness, is well supplied with nerves and blood vessels, and contains hair roots, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands. On the palms and soles, the dermis bears ridges whose arra...

dermoblast
(dur´mo-blast) the part of the mesoderm that develops into the dermis.

dermoid
(dur´moid) skinlike. dermoid cyst.

dermoid cyst
a type of teratoma having a fibrous wall lined with stratified epithelium and variously containing hair follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, nerve elements, or teeth. When these cysts occur in the ovary they may present no symptoms, but their long pedicles may cause twisting, resulting in acute abdominal pain. Treat...

dermoid tumor
dermoid cyst.

dermoidectomy
(dur″moid-ek´tә-me) excision of a dermoid cyst.

dermolipectomy
(dur″mo-lĭ-pek´tә-me) resection of excess skin and fat, usually from the abdomen.

dermopathy
(dәr-mop´ә-the) any skin disease; dermatopathy. adj., dermopath´ic., adj. diabetic dermopathy benign discolored lesions on the shins seen in diabetes mellitus. thyroid dermopathy pretibial myxedema.

dermotropic
(dur″mo-tro´pik) dermatotropic.

dermovascular
(dur″mo-vas´ku-lәr) pertaining to the skin and blood vessels of the skin.

derodidymus
(der″o-did´ә-mәs) dicephalus.

DES
diethylstilbestrol.

Desault sign
a sign of intracapsular fracture of the femur, consisting of alteration of the arc described by rotation of the great trochanter, which normally describes the segment of a circle, but in this fracture rotates only as the apex of the femur as it rotates about its own axis.

Descemet membrane
the posterior lining membrane of the cornea; it is a thin hyaline membrane between the substantia propria and the endothelial layer of the cornea.

descemetocele
(des″ә-met´o-sēl) hernia of the Descemet membrane.

descending colon
the third part of the large intestine, extending from the transverse colon downward along the left side of the abdomen; at the brim of the pelvis it becomes the sigmoid colon.

descending degeneration
wallerian degeneration that progresses peripherally along nerve fibers.

descending genicular artery
origin, femoral artery; branches, saphenous, articular; distribution, knee joint, upper and inner leg.

descending limb
the proximal part of a Henle loop. the descending portion of an arterial pulse tracing; called also catacrotic limb.

descending myelopathy
myelopathy that progresses along the spinal cord towards the hips.

descending palatine artery
origin, maxillary artery; branches, greater and lesser palatine arteries; distribution, soft palate, hard palate, tonsil.

descensus
(de-sen´sәs) pl. descen´sus Latin word meaning downward displacement or prolapse. descensus testis normal migration of the testis from its fetal position in the abdominal cavity to its location within the scrotum, usually during the last 3 months of gestation. ...

descriptive psychiatry
psychiatry based on the study of observable symptoms and behavioral phenomena, rather than underlying psychodynamic processes.

desensitization
(de-sen″sĭ-tĭ-za´shәn) the prevention or reduction of immediate hypersensitivity by administration of graded doses of allergen; see also immunotherapy. Called also hyposensitization. in behavior therapy, the treatment of phobias and related disorders by intentionally exposing the patient, i...

desensitize
(de-sen´sĭ-tīz) to deprive of sensation. to subject to desensitization.

deserpidine
(de-sur´pĭ-dēn) a rauwolfia alkaloid, administered orally as an antihypertensive agent.

desert fever
primary coccidioidomycosis.

desflurane
(des-floo´rān) an inhalational anesthetic used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia.

desiccant
(des´ĭ-kәnt) promoting dryness. an agent that promotes dryness.

desiccate
(des´ĭ-kāt) to render thoroughly dry.

desiccation
(des″ĭ-ka´shәn) the act of drying; see also dehydration and xerosis.

designer drug
a new analogue of an existing recreational drug, having similar properties, usually created by making a slight change in the chemical structure of the older drug to make one that is not on a list of controlled substances.

desipramine
(des-ip´rә-mēn) a tricyclic antidepressant of the dibenzazepine group, administered orally as the hydrochloride salt.

Desjardins point
a point on the abdomen 5 to 7 cm from the umbilicus, on a line joining it to the right axilla; it lies over the head of the pancreas.

deslanoside
(des-lan´o-sīd) a cardiotonic glycoside obtained from lanatoside C, having the same actions and uses as digitalis.

desloratadine
(des″lә-rat´ә-dēn) a nonsedating antihistamine (H1 receptor antagonist) used for treatment of allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria; administered orally.

desmin
(dez´min) a protein that forms the intermediate filaments of muscle cells; it is used as a marker of these cells.

desmitis
(des-mi´tis) inflammation of a ligament.

desmocranium
(des″mo-kra´ne-әm) the mass of mesoderm at the cranial end of the notochord in the early embryo, forming the earliest stage of the skull.

desmography
(des-mog´rә-fe) a description of ligaments.

desmoid
(dez´moid) an unencapsulated, locally invasive, occasionally metastasizing fibromatous tumor arising in the muscle sheath, usually of the abdominal wall; it closely resembles a fibrosarcoma. Called also desmoid tumor. fibroid (def. 1).

desmoid tumor
desmoid (def. 1).

desmology
(des-mol´ә-je) the science of ligaments.

desmoma
(dez-mo´mә) desmoid (def. 1).

desmopathy
(des-mop´ә-the) any disease of the ligaments.

desmoplasia
(des″mo-pla´zhә) the formation and development of fibrous tissue. adj., desmoplas´tic., adj.

desmopressin
(des″mo-pres´in) a synthetic analogue of vasopressin, used as an antidiuretic in central diabetes insipidus and in primary nocturnal enuresis, and as an antihemorrhagic in hemophilia A and von Willebrand disease.

desmosome
(dez´mo-sōm) a circular, dense body that forms the site of attachment between cells, especially the cells that make up the stratified epithelium of the epidermis. Desmosome.

desmotomy
(des-mot´o-me) incision or division of a ligament.

desogestrel
(des″o-jes´trәl) a progestational agent having little androgenic activity; used in combination with an estrogen component as an oral contraceptive.

desonide
(des´ә-nīd) a synthetic corticosteroid used as a topical antiinflammatory agent in the treatment of steroid-responsive dermatoses.

desorb
(de-sorb´) to remove a substance from the state of absorption or adsorption.

desorption
(de-sorp´shәn) the process of being desorbed.

desoximetasone
(des-ok″sĭ-met´ә-sōn) a steroid used topically to relieve inflammation and itching in corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses. a synthetic corticosteroid used topically for the relief of inflammation and pruritus in corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses.

desoxycorticosterone
(des-ok″se-kor″tĭ-kos´tәr-ōn) 11-deoxycorticosterone.

Desoxyn
(des-ok´sәn) trademark for preparations of methamphetamine hydrochloride, a central nervous system stimulant and pressor drug.

desquamation
(des″kwә-ma´shәn) the shedding (exfoliation) of epithelial elements, chiefly of the skin, in scales or sheets. adj., desquam´ative., adj.

desquamative inflammatory vaginitis
a form resembling atrophic vaginitis but affecting women with normal estrogen levels.

desquamative interstitial pneumonia
chronic pneumonia of unknown etiology, characterized by prominence of intra-alveolar macrophages (which were formerly thought to be desquamated large alveolar cells); it is associated with dyspnea and often a nonproductive and harsh cough, and typically occurs in smokers.

desulfhydrase
(de″sәlf-hi´drās) an enzyme that splits cysteine into hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and pyruvic acid.

desynchrony
(de-sing´krә-ne) a condition in which the envronmental cues and patterns, such as sleeping and eating, conflict with an individual's existing pattern; one type is jet lag.

DET
diethyltryptamine.

detachment
(de-tach´mәnt) the condition of being separated or disconnected. detachment of retina , retinal detachment separation of the inner layers of the retina from the pigment epithelium, which remains attached to the choroid. This occurs most often as a result of degenera...

detail
(de´tāl) in radiology, the precise definition of structures.

detector
(de-tek´tәr) a device by which an object or condition can be discovered. image detector any recording medium used in radiology, such as film or a cathode ray tube. lie detector polygraph.

detergent
(de-tur´jәnt) purifying or cleansing. an agent that purifies or cleanses. in biochemistry, any of a class of agents structurally consisting of a nonpolar hydrocarbon chain and a hydrophilic polar head group, which reduce the surface tension of water, emulsify, and aid in solubilization ...

determinant
(de-tur´mĭ-nәnt) a factor that establishes the nature of an entity or event. antigenic determinant a site on the surface of an antigen molecule to which a single antibody molecule binds; generally an antigen has several or many different antigenic determinants and reacts with m...

determination
(de-tur´mĭ-na´shәn) the establishment of the exact nature of an entity or event. embryonic determination the loss of pluripotentiality in any embryonic part and its start on the way to an unalterable fate. sex determination the process by which t...

determinism
(de-tur´mĭ-niz-әm) the theory that all phenomena are the result of antecedent conditions, nothing occurs by chance, and there is no free will.

detoxicate
(de-tok´sĭ-kāt) detoxify.

detoxication
(de-tok″sĭ-ka´shәn) detoxification.

detoxification
(de-tok″sĭ-fĭ-ka´shәn) reduction of the toxic properties of a substance. treatment designed to assist in recovery from the toxic effects of a drug. metabolic detoxification reduction of the toxic properties of a substance by chemical changes induced in ...

detoxify
(de-tok´sĭ-fi) to subject to detoxification.

detrition
(de-trish´әn) the wearing away, as of teeth, by friction.

detritus
(de-tri´tәs) particulate matter produced by or remaining after the wearing away or disintegration of a substance or tissue.

detrusor
(de-troo´sәr) a body part that pushes down, such as a muscle. pertaining to the detrusor muscle of the bladder.

detrusor muscle
the bundles of smooth muscle fibers forming the muscular coat of the urinary bladder, which are arranged in a longitudinal and a circular layer and, on contraction, serve to push out urine.

detrusor pressure
the pressure exerted inwards by the detrusor urinae muscles of the bladder wall.

detumescence
(de″too-mes´әns) the subsidence of congestion and swelling.

deutan
(doo´tәn) a person exhibiting deuteranomaly or deuteranopia.

deuteranomaly
(doo″tәr-ә-nom´ә-le) an inherited disorder of color vision, caused by a gene located on the X chromosome, in which a person has all three of the retinal pigments in the cones, but the sensivity of the green-sensitive cones is decreased. It is the most common type of color vision deficiency.