Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

deuteranope
(doo´tәr-ә-nōp″) a person exhibiting deuteranopia.

deuteranopia
(doo″tәr-ә-no´pe-ә) deuteranopsia (doo″tәr-ә-nop´se-ә) color vision deficiency with confusion of greens and reds, so that a person has sensory mechanisms for only the hues of blue and yellow. adj., deuteranop´ic., adj.

deuterium
(D) (doo-tēr´e-әm) the mass 2 isotope of hydrogen; it is available as a gas or heavy water and has been used as a tracer or indicator in metabolic studies.

deuteropathy
(doo″tәr-op´ә-the) a disease that is secondary to another disease.

Deutschländer disease
(doich´len-dәr) tumor of the metatarsal bones. march foot.

devascularization
(de-vas″ku-lәr-ĭ-za´shәn) interruption of circulation of blood to a part due to obstruction or destruction of blood vessels supplying it. See also ischemia.

development
(de-vel´әp-mәnt) growth and differentiation. adj., developmen´tal., adj.

developmental age
age estimated from the degree of anatomical development. in psychology, the age of an individual determined by degree of emotional, mental, anatomical, and physiological maturation.

developmental anatomy
the field of study concerned with the changes that cells, tissues, organs, and the body as a whole undergo from fertilization of a secondary oocyte to the resulting offspring; it includes both prenatal (embryology and fetology) and postnatal development.

developmental anomaly
absence, deformity, or excess of body parts as the result of faulty development of the embryo.

developmental arrest
a temporary or permanent cessation of development.

developmental cataract
a type of small cataract in that occurs in young people but seldom affects vision. It is sometimes hereditary, or it can result from malnutrition, toxicity, or inflammation.

developmental coordination disorder
problematic or delayed development of gross and fine motor coordination skills, not due to a neurological disorder or to general mental retardation, resulting in the appearance of clumsiness.

developmental disability
a substantial handicap in mental or physical functioning, with onset before the age of 18 and of indefinite duration. Common examples are autism, cerebral palsy, uncontrolled epilepsy, certain other neuropathies, and mental retardation.

developmental disorder
developmental disability. a former classification of chronic disorders of mental development with onset in childhood. Such disorders are now classifed as mental retardation, learning disorders, motor skills disorder, communication disorders, or pervasive developmental disorders.

developmental dysplasia of the hip
(DDH) instability of the hip joint, usually with laxity of the hip ligaments, leading to dislocation soon after birth; although it may be associated with various neuromuscular disorders, such as myelodysplasia, or may occur in utero, it most commonly occurs in neurologically normal infants and can have any of nume...

developmental genetics
the branch of genetics concerned with how development is controlled by specific genes.

developmental psychology
the study of changes in behavior that occur with age.

deviant
(de´ve-әnt) varying from a determinable standard. a person with characteristics varying from what is considered standard or normal. sexual deviant a person exhibiting sexual deviation.

deviated septum
lateral malposition of the nasal septum owing to injury or a congenital malformation, so that one part of the nasal cavity is smaller than the other. This is fairly common and seldom causes complications, but occasionally it may handicap breathing, block the normal flow of mucus from the sinuses during a cold, or prevent ...

deviation
(de″ve-a´shәn) a turning away from the regular standard or course. in ophthalmology, strabismus. in statistics, the difference between a sample value and the mean.

Devic disease
(dә-vēk´) neuromyelitis optica.

device
(dә-vīs´) something contrived for a specific purpose; usually a simple mechanical apparatus. assisting devices , assistive devices tools and implements that aid a person with a disability in carrying out mobility or activities of daily living. le...

devil's claw
a perennial herb, Harpagophytum procumbens, whose dried tubular secondary roots and lateral tubers are used for dyspepsia, loss of appetite, and rheumatism; also used in homeopathy for rheumatism and in folk medicine.

deviometer
(de″ve-om´ә-tәr) an instrument for measuring the deviation in strabismus.

devitalization
(de-vi″tәl-ĭ-za´shәn) the deprivation of vitality or life, as of a tissue. pulp devitalization the destruction of vitality of the pulp of a tooth.

devitalize
(de-vi´tәl-īz) to deprive of vitality or of life.

dew point
the temperature at which moisture in the atmosphere is deposited as dew.

DEXA
dual energy x-ray absorptiometry.

dexamethasone
(dek″sә-meth´ә-sōn) a synthetic steroid antiinflammatory agent used for various conditions, including collagen diseases and allergic states; it is also used for replacement therapy in adrenal insufficiency and in a screening test for the diagnosis of Cushing syndrome.

dexamethasone suppression test
see high-dose dexamethasone suppression test and low-dose dexamethasone suppression test.

dexbrompheniramine
(deks″brom-fәn-ir´ә-mēn) the dextrorotatory isomer of brompheniramine, having similar actions and uses as an antihistamine, but having approximately twice the activity by weight; used in the form of the maleate salt.

dexchlorpheniramine
(deks″klor-fәn-ir´ә-mēn) the dextrorotatory isomer of chlorpheniramine, having similar actions and uses as an antihistamine, but having approximately twice the activity by weight; used in the form of the maleate salt.

Dexedrine
(dek´sә-drēn) trademark for preparations of dextroamphetamine, a central nervous system stimulant.

dexmedetomidine
(deks″med-ә-to´mĭ-dēn) a selective α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, used as the hydrochloride salt as a sedative for patients in intensive care units; administered intravenously.

Dexon
(dek´son) trademark for polyglycolic acid, a synthetic suture material that is absorbable and nonirritating.

dexpanthenol
(deks-pan´thә-nol) the D-isomer of panthenol, a coenzyme A precursor with cholinergic activity. Used to increase peristalsis in atony and paralysis of the lower intestine and as an antiflatulent; also used topically to stimulate skin healing in various eczemas and dermatoses.

dexrazoxane
(deks″ra-zok´sān) a derivative of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) used as a cardioprotectant in antineoplastic therapy to counteract cardiomyopathy induced by doxorubicin; administered intravenously.

dexter
(dek´stәr) Latin word meaning right, or on the right-hand side.

dextrad
(dek´strad) to or toward the right side.

dextral
(dek´strәl) pertaining to the right side.

dextrality
(dek-stral´ĭ-te) the preferential use, in voluntary motor acts, of the right member of the major paired organs of the body, such as the right eye, ear, hand, or leg. See also laterality and handedness.

dextran
(dek´strәn) a water-soluble polysaccharide of glucose produced by the action of Leuconostoc mesenteroides on sucrose; used as an artificial plasma extender.

dextranomer
(dek-stran´o-mәr) small beads of highly hydrophilic dextran polymers used in débridement of secreting wounds, such as venous stasis ulcers; the sterilized beads are poured over secreting wounds to absorb wound exudates and prevent crust formation.

dextrin
(dek´strin) any of a range of glucose polymers of varying sizes formed during the hydrolysis of starch.

dextrinosis
(dek″strĭ-no´sis) a condition characterized by accumulation in the tissues of an abnormal polysaccharide. limit dextrinosis glycogen storage disease, type III.

dextrinuria
(dek″strĭ-nu´re-ә) presence of dextrin in the urine.

dextroamphetamine
(dek″stro-am-fet´ә-mēn) the dextrorotatory isomer of amphetamine, having a more conspicuous stimulant effect on the central nervous system than the racemic form of amphetamine; used as the sulfate salt in the treatment of narcolepsy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Abuse of this drug may lead to ...

dextrocardia
(dek″stro-kahr´de-ә) location of the heart in the right side of the thorax, the apex pointing to the right. mirror-image dextrocardia location of the heart in the right side of the chest, the atria being transposed and the right ventricle lying anteriorly and to the l...

dextroclination
(dek″stro-klĭ-na´shәn) rotation of the upper poles of the vertical meridians of the eyes to the right.

dextrocularity
(dek″strok-u-lar´ĭ-te) having greater visual power in the right eye, therefore using it more than the left.

dextroduction
(dek″stro-duk´shәn) movement of an eye to the right.

dextrogastria
(dek″stro-gas´tre-ә) displacement of the stomach to the right.

dextrogyration
(dek″stro-ji-ra´shәn) rotation to the right.

dextromanual
(dek″stro-man´u-әl) right-handed.

dextromethorphan
(dek″stro-mәth-or´fan) a synthetic morphine derivative used as an antitussive in the form of the hydrobromide salt.

dextropedal
(dek-strop´ә-dәl) right-footed.

dextroposition
(dek″stro-pә-zish´әn) displacement to the right.

dextropropoxyphene
(dek″stro-pro-pok´sә-fēn) propoxyphene.

dextrorotatory
(dek″stro-ro´tә-tor-e) turning the plane of polarization, or rays of light, to the right.

dextrose
(dek´strōs) older chemical name for D-glucose (see glucose); the term dextrose continues to be used to refer to glucose solutions administered intravenously for fluid or nutrient replacement.

dextrose test
(dek´strōs) glucose test.

dextrosinistral
(dek″stro-sin´is-trәl) extending from right to left; also applied to a left-handed person trained to use the right hand in certain performances.

dextrosuria
(dek″strōs-u´re-ә) glycosuria.

dextroversion
(dek″stro-vur´zhәn) version to the right, especially movement of the eyes to the right. location of the heart in the right chest, the left ventricle remaining in the normal position on the left, but lying anterior to the right ventricle.

dezocine
(dez´o-sēn) an opioidanalgesic with both agonist and antagonist activity, used for short-term relief of pain; administered intramuscularly or intravenously.

df
degrees of freedom.

DFA-TP test
direct fluorescent antibody–Treponema pallidum test.

DFT
defibrillation threshold.

DH
delayed hypersensitivity.

DHEA
dehydroepiandrosterone.

DHom
Doctor of Homeopathic Medicine.

DHT
dihydrotestosterone.

Di Guglielmo syndrome
(de goo-lyel´mo) erythroleukemia.

DiaBeta
(di-ә-ba´tә) trademark for a preparation of glyburide, an oral hypoglycemic used for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

diabetes
(di″ә-be´tēz) a general term referring to any of various disorders characterized by excessive urination (polyuria). diabetes mellitus.

diabetes insipidus
(di″ә-be´tēs in-sip´ĭ-dәs) any of several types of polyuria in which the volume of urine exceeds 3 liters per day, causing dehydration and great thirst, as well as sometimes emaciation and great hunger. The underlying cause may be hormonal (central diabetes insipidus) or renal (nephrogenic di...

diabetes mellitus
(di″ә-be´tēs mel´ĭ-tәs) a broadly applied term that refers to a complex group of syndromes having in common a disturbance in the oxidation and use of glucose. This is often secondary to a malfunction of the beta cells of the pancreas, whose function is the production and release of insulin. B...

diabetes test
any of various tests for diabetes mellitus; see glucose test and glucose tolerance test.

diabetic
(di″ә-bet´ik) pertaining to or characterized by diabetes. a person with diabetes.

diabetic acidosis
a metabolic acidosis produced by accumulation of ketones in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus.

diabetic cataract
a rare, usually bilateral, opacity shaped like a snowflake, affecting the anterior and posterior cortices of young diabetics. Sometimes it can be reversed when the blood glucose is brought under control, but in most cases it progresses rapidly to a mature cataract.

diabetic coma
the coma of severe diabetic acidosis; see also diabetes mellitus.

diabetic diet
one prescribed in diabetes mellitus, usually limited in the amount of sugar or readily available carbohydrate.

diabetic gangrene
moist gangrene associated with diabetes.

diabetic impotence
impotence that commonly occurs in men with diabetes mellitus; it can result from any of a variety of organic effects of the disease.

diabetic nephropathy
the nephropathy that commonly accompanies later stages of diabetes mellitus; it begins with hyperfiltration, renal hypertrophy, microalbuminuria, and hypertension; in time proteinuria develops, with other signs of decreasing function leading to end-stage renal disease.

diabetic neuropathy
a complication of diabetes mellitus consisting of chronic symmetrical sensory polyneuropathy affecting first the nerves of the lower limbs and often affecting autonomic nerves. The peripheral nerves become demyelinated. A rare, acute form is marked by severe pain, weakness, and wasting of leg muscles with loss of feeling ...

diabetic polyneuropathy
diabetic neuropathy.

diabetic retinopathy
retinal manifestations of diabetes mellitus, including tiny aneurysms and exudation. There are two major forms, called the nonproliferative and proliferative types. Nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy is characterized by dilation of the retinal veins and tiny aneurysms that may leak blood cells or plasma, causing internal hemorrhag...

diabetic ulcer
one associated with diabetes mellitus, usually on the lower limb, as in diabetic gangrene.

diabetic xanthoma
a type in which there are groups of small papules, usually on the buttocks, legs, or elbows. It is commonly associated with diabetes mellitus and other conditions involving excessive triglycerides in the blood, and it clears up when the underlying condition is brought under control.

diabetogenic
(di″ә-bet″o-jen´ik) producing diabetes.

diabetogenous
(di″ә-be-toj´ә-nәs) caused by diabetes.

Diabinese
(di-ab´ĭ-nēs) trademark for a preparation of chlorpropamide, an oral hypoglycemic agent.

diabrotic
(di″ә-brot´ik) ulcerative; caustic. a corrosive or escharotic substance.

diacetyl test
(for urea) the solution to be tested is mixed with concentrated hydrochloric acid and diacetyl monoxime, a more stable precursor of diacetyl; condensation of diacetyl and urea forms the yellow chromogen diazine, particularly at an elevated temperature (usually 45 °C).

diacetylmorphine
(di″ә-se″tәl-mor´fēn) heroin.

diacondylar fracture
transcondylar fracture.

diacrisis
(di-ak´rĭ-sis) diagnosis. a change in the character of secretions during an illness. a disease characterized by a morbid state of the secretions.