Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

copiopia
(kop″e-o´pe-ә) eyestrain.

copolymer
(ko-pol´ĭ-mәr) a polymer containing monomers of more than one kind.

copper
(Cu) (kop´әr) a chemical element, atomic number 29, atomic weight 63.54. It is necessary for bone formation and for the formation of blood because it occurs in several oxidative enzymes including one involved in the transformation of inorganic iron into hemoglobin. There is little dang...

copper poisoning
poisoning by copper or copper salts. In humans it usually follows excessive intake of medicinal cupric sulfate or results from an enzyme deficiency such as Menkes syndrome or Wilson disease. Characteristics include vomiting, which may be bluegreen, hypotension, jaundice, and coma that may end in death.

copper test
see Schönbein test (def. 2).

copperhead
(kop´әr-hed) Agkistrodon contortrix, a venomous pit viper of the United States that has a brown to copper-colored body with dark bands. Called also highland moccasin. See also snakebite.

copremesis
(kop-rem´ә-sis) the vomiting of fecal matter.

coproantibody
(kop″ro-an´tĭ-bod″e) antibody found in the feces, usually secretory immunoglobulin A.

coprolalia
(kop″ro-la´le-ә) compulsive, stereotyped use of obscene language, particularly of words relating to feces; seen in some cases of schizophrenia and Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.

coprolith
(kop´ro-lith) fecalith.

coprology
(kop-rol´ә-je) scatology (def 1).

coprophagia
(kop″ro-fa´jә) coprophagy.

coprophagy
(kop-rof´ә-je) the ingestion of feces.

coprophilia
(kop″ro-fil´e-ә) an absorbing interest in feces or filth, particularly a paraphilia in which sexual arousal or activity is linked to feces.

coprophilic
(kop″ro-fil´ik) pertaining to or characterized by coprophilia. inhabiting feces or fecal-polluted water; said of microorganisms.

coprophobia
(kop″ro-fo´be-ә) abnormal repugnance to defecation and to feces.

coprophrasia
(kop″ro-fra´zhә) coprolalia.

coproporphyria
(kop″ro-por-fir´e-ә) any of various types of porphyria characterized by elevated levels of coproporphyrin in the body. hereditary coproporphyria a hepatic porphyria transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait, characterized biochemically by constant excretion of coproporphyrin ...

coproporphyrin
(kop″ro-por´fә-rin) a porphyrin occurring as several isomers; the III isomer, an intermediate in heme biosynthesis, is excreted in the feces and urine in hereditary coproporphyria and variegate porphyria; the I isomer, a side product, is excreted in the feces and urine in congenital erythropoietic porphyria.

coproporphyrinuria
(kop″ro-por″fә-rin-u´re-ә) the presence of coproporphyrin in the urine; see coproporphyria.

coprostasis
(kop-ros´tә-sis) fecal impaction.

coprozoic
(kop″ro-zo´ik) living in fecal matter.

copula
(kop´u-lә) any connecting part or structure.

copulation
(kop″u-la´shәn) sexual union or coitus; the transfer of the sperm from male to female; usually applied to animals other than humans.

cor
(kor) Latin word meaning heart. cor adiposum a heart that has undergone fatty degeneration or that has an accumulation of fat around it. cor bovinum a greatly enlarged heart resulting from a hypertrophied left ventricle. cor pulmonale ...

coracobrachialis muscle
coracobrachial muscle: origin, coracoid process of scapula; insertion, medial surface of shaft of humerus; innervation, musculocutaneous nerve; action, flexes, adducts arm.

coracoclavicular ligament
a band joining the coracoid process of the scapula and the acromial extremity of the clavicle, consisting of two ligaments, the conoid and trapezoid.

coracoid
(kor´ә-koid) like a crow's beak. coracoid process.

coracoid process
a curved process arising from the upper neck of the scapula and overhanging the shoulder joint; called also coracoid.

coralliform cataract
a developmental, sutural opacity radiating axially forward and outward from the lens and ending in ampullae behind the capsule.

cord
(kord) any long, cylindrical, flexible structure; called also chord, chorda, and funiculus. spermatic cord the structure extending from the abdominal inguinal ring to the testis, comprising the pampiniform plexus, nerves, ductus deferens, testicular artery, and other vessels. ...

cord blood
the blood contained in the umbilical vessels at the time of delivery of the infant. It is rich in stem cells that could be used in place of bone marrow for a transplant; thus, it is sometimes collected and stored for future use.

cord proteins
the proteins of blood from the umbilical cord.

cordal
(kor´dәl) pertaining to a cord, usually referring to the vocal cords.

cordate
(kor´dāt) cordiform.

cordate pelvis
a heart-shaped pelvis.

cordectomy
(kor-dek´tә-me) surgical removal of a cord, such as a vocal cord.

cordiform
(kor´dĭ-form) heart-shaped.

corditis
(kor-di´tis) inflammation of the spermatic cord.

cordocentesis
(kor″do-sen-te´sis) percutaneous umbilical blood sampling.

cordopexy
(kor´do-pek″se) surgical fixation of a vocal cord.

cordotomy
(kor-dot´ә-me) section of a vocal cord. surgical division of the anterolateral tracts of the spinal cord; spelled also chordotomy.

Cordran
(kor´dran) trademark for preparations of flurandrenolide, a topical glucocorticoid used to treat dermatosis.

core pneumonia
central pneumonia.

core temperature
the temperature of structures deep within the body, as opposed to peripheral temperature such as that of the skin.

corectasis
(kor-ek´tә-sis) morbid dilatation of the pupil of the eye.

corectome
(kor-ek´tōm) a cutting instrument for iridectomy.

corectomy
(ko-rek´tә-me) iridectomy.

corectopia
(kor″ek-to´pe-ә) abnormal location of the pupil of the eye.

coredialysis
(kor″ә-di-al´ә-sis) surgical separation of the external margin of the iris from the ciliary body.

corediastasis
(kor″ә-di-as´tә-sis) dilatation of the pupil.

corelysis
(kә-rel´ә-sis) operative destruction of the pupil; especially detachment of adhesions of the pupillary margin of the iris from the lens.

coremorphosis
(kor″ә-mor-fo´sis) surgical formation of an artificial pupil.

corenclisis
(kor″en-kli´sis) iridencleisis.

coreometer
(kor″e-om´ә-tәr) pupillometer.

coreoplasty
(kor´e-o-plas″te) any plastic operation on the pupil.

corepressor
(ko″re-pres´әr) a small molecule that combines with a protein aporepressor molecule to form an active substance, which then binds to an operator gene and inhibits the synthesis of an enzyme.

coretomy
(kor-et´ә-me) iridectomy.

Corgard
(kor´gahrd) trademark for a preparation of nadolol, a beta-adrenergic blocking agent used as an antianginal and antihypertensive agent.

Cori disease
(ko´re) glycogen storage disease, type III.

coriander oil
a volatile oil distilled with steam from the dried ripe fruit of Coriandrum sativum; used as a flavoring agent.

corium
(kor´e-әm) dermis.

corkscrew arteries
small arteries in the macular region of the eye that appear markedly turned and twisted.

corn
(korn) Zea mays, a tall cereal plant that produces kernels on large ears and is the source of corn oil. a circumscribed, conical, hardening and thickening of the stratum corneum of the skin, which can cause severe pain by pressure on nerve endings in the dermis. Corns are caused by friction or pressure from poor...

corn oil
a refined fixed oil obtained from the corn plant, Zea mays; used as a solvent and vehicle for medicinal agents and as a vehicle for injections. It is also a source of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the diet.

cornea
(kor´ne-ә) the clear, transparent anterior covering of the eye. The cornea is subject to injury by foreign bodies in the eye, bacterial infection, and viral infection, especially by the herpesvirus that causes herpes simplex. The herpesvirus that causes herpes zoster (shingles) can also infect the cornea. Prompt t...

corneal
(kor´ne-әl) pertaining to the cornea.

corneal astigmatism
that due to the presence of abnormal curvatures on the anterior or posterior surface of the cornea.

corneal cell
a modified connective tissue cell occupying each corneal space.

corneal marginal ulcer
Mooren ulcer.

corneal reflex
a reflex action of the eye resulting in automatic closing of the eyelid when the cornea is stimulated. The reflex can be elicited in a normal person by gently touching the cornea with a wisp of cotton. Absence of this reflex indicates deep coma or injury of one of the nerves carrying the reflex arc. Called also blink reflex.

corneal spaces
the spaces between the lamellae of the substantia propria of the cornea containing corneal cells and interstitial fluid.

corneal transplantation
transplantation of a donor cornea into the eye of a recipient, done to improve the vision of patients with distorted curvature of the cornea (keratoconus) or corneal edema, infection, trauma, or intractable pain. Vision should improve beginning the day after surgery with optimal vision 6 to 12 months later. Because the co...

corneal ulcer
ulcerative keratitis.

corneitis
(kor″ne-i´tis) keratitis.

Cornelia de Lange syndrome
(kor-na´le-ah da lahng´ә) de Lange syndrome.

corneoiritis
(kor″ne-o-i-ri´tis) keratoiritis.

corneomandibular reflex
movement of the lower jaw toward the side opposite the eye whose cornea is lightly touched, the mouth being open.

corneomental reflex
unilateral wrinkling of the muscles of the chin when pressure is applied to the cornea.

corneopterygoid reflex
corneomandibular reflex.

corneosclera
(kor″ne-o-skler´ә) the cornea and sclera regarded as one organ.

corneous
(kor´ne-әs) horny. keratinous.

corniculate cartilage
a small nodule of cartilage at the apex of an arytenoid cartilage.

cornification
(kor″nĭ-fĭ-ka´shәn) keratinization. conversion of epithelium to the stratified squamous type.

cornified
(kor´nĭ-fīd) converted into keratin; see also keratinization.

cornstarch
(korn´stahrch) see starch (def. 2).

cornu
(kor´noo) pl. cor´nua Latin word meaning horn. cornu ammonis hippocampus. cornu sacrale either of two hook-shaped processes extending downward from the arch of the last sacral vertebra.

cornual
(kor´noo-әl) pertaining to a horn or cornu.

cornual pregnancy
pregnancy in one of the horns of a bicornuate uterus.

cornuate
(kor´nu-āt) cornual.

cornuradicular zone
the outer part of the fasciculus cuneatus medullae spinalis.

corona
(kә-ro´nә) pl. coro´nae, coronas Latin word meaning crown. In anatomy, it is used to mean a projection or an encircling structure that resembles a crown. adj., cor´onal., adj. corona radiata the radiating crown of projection fibers passing from the internal capsule to ...

coronal planes
frontal planes.

coronal suture
the line of union between the frontal bone and the parietal bones.

coronal zone
the entire enamel area of the tooth crown above the cementoenamel junction, the demarcation between crown and root. The coronal zone is subdivided horizontally into three areas: the occlusal zone, the contact area zone, and the cervical zone. These divisions are also spoken of as the occlusal third, the middle third, and ...

coronary
(kor´ә-nar″e) encircling in the manner of a crown; said of anatomical structures such as vessels, ligaments, or nerves.

coronary arteries
two large arteries that branch from the ascending aorta and supply all of the heart muscle with blood.

coronary artery bypass graft
(CABG) coronary bypass.

coronary artery disease
(CAD) atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries, which may cause angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, and sudden death. Both genetically determined and avoidable risk factors contribute to the disease; they include hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and low levels of high-density lipoprote...

coronary bypass
coronary artery bypass a section of saphenous vein or other conduit grafted between the aorta and a coronary artery distal to an obstructive lesion in the latter; called also aortocoronary bypass. Single coronary artery bypass of an occluded right coronary artery.