Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

The wordlist doesn't exist anymore, or, the website doesn't exist anymore. On this page you can find a copy of the original information. The information may have been taken offline because it is outdated.

Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

papyraceous
(pap″ĭ-ra´shәs) like paper.

para
(par´ә) a woman who has produced one or more viable offspring. Used with numerals to designate the number of pregnancies that have resulted in the birth of viable offspring, as para 0 (none—nullipara), para I (one—unipara), para II (two—bipara), para III (three—tripara), para IV (four...

para-aminobenzoic acid
(par″ә-ә-me″no-bәn-zo´ik) p-aminobenzoic acid.

para-aminohippuric acid
(par″ә-ә-me″no-hĭ-pūr´ik) p-aminohippuric acid.

para-aminosalicylic acid
(par″ә-ә-me″no-sal-ĭ-sil´ik) p-aminosalicylic acid.

para-anesthesia
(par″ә-an″es-the´zhә) anesthesia of the lower part of the body.

para-aortic
(par″ә-a-or´tik) near or next to the aorta.

para-aortic bodies
small masses of chromaffin cells near the sympathetic ganglia along the abdominal aorta that secrete norepinephrine and act as chemoreceptors. They reach their maximum size during fetal life and then degenerate during childhood as the adrenal medulla matures. Tumors of these structures produce symptoms similar to those of pheoc...

parabasal body
a cytoplasmic body of varying appearance, structure, and function closely associated with the nucleus, kinetoplast, and basal body in certain parasitic flagellate protozoa; it is usually connected to the basal body by a fibril or thread, which together are known as the parabasal apparatus. More than one such structure may...

parabasal cell
a type of cell found in the deeper part of the stratified squamous epithelium, being smaller in size and with a larger nucleus; these cells are less mature than those closer to the surface.

parabiosis
(par″ә-bi-o´sis) the union of two individuals, as conjoined twins, or of experimental animals by surgical operation. temporary suppression of conductivity and excitability. adj., parabiot´ic., adj.

parabulia
(par″ә-bu´le-ә) perversion of the will, as when an individual intends to perform a particular action but halts and substitutes either an opposite action or an unrelated alternative. It is often seen in schizophrenics.

paracasein
(par″ә-ka´sēn) the chemical product of the action of rennin on casein.

paracenesthesia
(par″ә-se″nes-the´zhә) any disturbance of the general sense of well-being.

paracentesis
(par″ә-sen-te´sis) surgical puncture of a cavity for the aspiration of fluid. adj., paracentet´ic., adj. Paracentesis of the abdominal cavity. abdominal paracentesis +insertion of a trocar through a small incision and into the pe...

paracentral artery
the paracentral branches of the callosomarginal artery, which arise from the anterior cerebral artery and supply the cerebral cortex and medial central sulcus.

paracentral lobule
a lobule on the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere, continuous with the precentral gyrus and the postcentral gyrus.

paracephalus
(par″ә-sef´ә-lәs) a malformed fetus with a rudimentary head and imperfect sense organs.

paracervical block
regional anesthesia of the inferior hypogastric plexus and ganglia produced by injection of the local anesthetic into the lateral fornices of the vagina.

parachlorophenol
(par″ә-klor″o-fe´nol) a local antiinfective agent used in dentistry.

paracholera
(par″ә-kol´әr-ә) a disease resembling Asiatic cholera but not caused by Vibrio cholerae.

parachordal
(par″ә-kor´dәl) beside the notochord.

paraclinical
(par″ә-klin´ĭ-kәl) pertaining to abnormalities (such as morphological or biochemical) that underlie clinical manifestations (such as chest pain or fever).

Paracoccidioides
(par″ә-kok-sid″e-oi´dēz) a genus of imperfect fungi that proliferate by multiple budding yeast cells in the tissues. P. brasilien´sis causes paracoccidioidomycosis.

paracoccidioidomycosis
(par″ә-kok-sid″e-oi″do-mi-ko´sis) an often fatal, chronic granulomatous disease caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis; it is endemic in Brazil and also occurs elsewhere in South and Central America and in arid regions of the southwestern United States. Infection primarily involves the lungs, bu...

paracrine
(par´ә-krin) denoting a type of hormone function in which hormone synthesized in and released from endocrine cells binds to its receptor in nearby cells and affects their function.

paracusia
(par″ә-ku´zhә) any deficiency in the sense of hearing; see also deafness. Called also paracusis. auditory hallucination.

paracusis
(par″ә-ku´sis) paracusia.

paracystic
(par″ә-sis´tik) situated near the bladder.

paracystitis
(par″ә-sis-ti´tis) inflammation of tissues around the bladder.

paradental
(par″ә-den´tәl) having some association with dentistry. periodontal.

paradidymis
(par″ә-did´ĭ-mis) a small, vestigial structure found occasionally in the adult in the anterior part of the spermatic cord.

paradipsia
(par″ә-dip´se-ә) an abnormally increased appetite for fluids, which are ingested without relation to bodily need.

paradoxic hearing loss
that in which the hearing is better during loud noise.

paradoxical diaphragm phenomenon
in phrenic nerve paralysis and diaphragmatic eventration, one hemidiaphragm moves upward on inhalation and downward on exhalation, opposite to the movements on the contralateral side.

paradoxical flexor reflex
dorsiflexion of the great toe or of all the toes when the deep muscles of the calf are pressed upon, seen in cases of pyramidal tract disease; called also Gordon reflex.

paradoxical incontinence
overflow incontinence.

paradoxical phenomenon of dystonia
Hunt paradoxical phenomenon.

paradoxical pulse
one that markedly decreases in amplitude when the person inhales, as often occurs in constrictive pericarditis.

paradoxical pupillary phenomenon
reversed pupillary reflex. paradoxical pupillary reflex (def. 2).

paradoxical pupillary reflex
reversed pupillary reflex.

paradoxical respiration
breathing in which all or part of the chest wall moves in during inhalation and out during exhalation; there is also asynchronism between rib cage and abdomen, causing a “seesaw” type motion. The condition seriously inhibits the movement of gases during respiration and can produce severe and even fatal cardiovascula...

paradoxical sleep
REM sleep.

paraduodenal hernia
an intra-abdominal hernia in which the small intestine rotates incompletely during development and becomes trapped within the mesentery of the colon. Called also mesocolic hernia.

paraesophageal hernia
a hiatal hernia in which part or all of the stomach protrudes into the thorax, but the esophagogastric junction remains in place.

paraffin
(par´ә-fin) a purified mixture of solid hydrocarbons from petroleum, used for embedding histological specimens and as a stiffening agent in pharmaceutical preparations. alkane. liquid paraffin see mineral oil.

paraffinoma
(par″ә-fin-o´mә) a chronic granuloma produced by prolonged exposure to paraffin.

Paraflex
(par´ә-fleks) trademark for preparations containing chlorzoxazone, a skeletal muscle relaxant.

parafollicular cells
ovoid epithelial cells in the thyroid follicles that secrete calcitonin.

Parafon
(par´ә-fon) trademark for preparations containing chlorzoxazone, a skeletal muscle relaxant.

paragammacism
(par″ә-gam´ә-siz-әm) gammacism.

paraganglioma
(par″ә-gang″gle-o´mә) a tumor of the tissue composing the paraganglia.

paraganglioma syndrome
(PGL) an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by tumors of the paraganglia, most frequently of the carotid body, classified into four forms (PGL1–PGL4) on the basis of the site of the mutation; three result from mutations in genes coding for subunits of the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase, while the site...

paraganglion
(par″ә-gang´gle-on) pl. paragan´glia a collection of chromaffin cells, derived from neural ectoderm, occurring outside of the adrenal medulla, most commonly near the sympathetic ganglia and in relation to the aorta and its branches. Most, if not all, of the paraganglia secrete epinephrine or norepinephrine.

parageusia
(par″ә-goo´zhә) perversion of the sense of taste. adj., parageu´sic., adj.

paragonimiasis
(par″ә-gon″ĭ-mi´ә-sis) infection with flukes of the genus Paragonimus.

Paragonimus
(par″ә-gon´ĭ-mәs) a genus of parasitic flukes that have two invertebrate hosts, the first a snail and the second a crab or crayfish. P. westerma´ni is the lung fluke, seen particularly in Asia, found in cysts in the lungs and sometimes the pleura, liver, abdominal cavity, and elsewhere in humans a...

paragrammatism
(par″ә-gram´ә-tiz-әm) paraphasia. agrammatism.

paragranuloma
(par″ә-gran″u-lo´mә) the most benign form of Hodgkin disease, largely confined to the lymph nodes.

paragraphia
(par″ә-graf´e-ә) impairment of ability to express thoughts in writing.

parahemophilia
(par″ә-he″mo-fil´e-ә) a hereditary hemorrhagic tendency due to deficiency of factor V. Called also Owren disease. See also clotting.

parahippocampal gyrus
hippocampal gyrus.

parahormone
(par″ә-hor´mōn) a substance, not a true hormone, that has a hormone-like action in controlling the functioning of some distant organ.

parainfectious
(par″ә-in-fek´shәs) pertaining to manifestations of infectious disease that are caused by the immune response to the infectious agent.

parainfluenza virus
(par″ә-in″floo-en´zә) one of a group of viruses isolated from patients with upper respiratory tract disease of varying severity.

parainfluenza virus pneumonia
viral pneumonia caused by the parainfluenza 3 virus, usually seen in children or immunocompromised adults; characteristics include fever, cough, and dyspnea.

parakeratosis
(par″ә-ker″ә-to´sis) persistence of the nuclei of keratinocytes as they rise into the stratum corneum of the skin; it occurs normally in the epithelium of the true mucous membrane of the mouth and vagina.

parakinesia
(par″ә-kĭ-ne´zhә) perversion of motor powers; in ophthalmology, irregular action of an individual ocular muscle.

paralalia
(par″ә-la´le-ә) any disturbance of speech, especially one involving production of a vocal sound different from the one desired, or the substitution in speech of one letter for another. Called also dyslalia.

paralambdacism
(par″ә-lam´dә-siz-әm) lambdacism.

paraldehyde
(par-al´dә-hīd) a sedative and hypnotic; because of its low therapeutic index and certain unpleasant side effects, its use has declined in recent years.

paralexia
(par″ә-lek´se-ә) dyslexia.

paralgesia
(par″әl-je´ze-ә) an abnormal and painful sensation.

parallagma
(par″ә-lag´mә) displacement of a bone or of the fragments of broken bone.

parallax
(par´ә-laks) an apparent displacement of an object due to change in the observer's position.

parallergy
(par-al´әr-je) a condition in which an allergic state, produced by specific sensitization, predisposes the body to react to other allergens with clinical manifestations that differ from the original reaction. adj., paraller´gic., adj.

paralogia
(par″ә-lo´jә) disturbance of the reasoning faculty, marked by illogical or delusional speech.

paraluteal cells
paralutein cells theca-lutein cells.

paralysis
(pә-ral´ĭ-sis) pl. paral´yses loss or impairment of motor function in a part due to a lesion of the nervous system or the muscles; the term has been extended to include impairment of sensory function (sensory paralysis). Paralysis is a symptom of a wide variety of physical and emotional disorders rather than a disea...

paralysis agitans
(pә-ral´ĭ-sis aj´ĭ-tanz) old name for Parkinson disease.

paralysis of accommodation
paralysis of the ciliary muscles of the eye so as to prevent accommodation.

paralysis of gaze
paralysis due to pathological processes which implicate the supranuclear oculomotor centers or pathways and result in either lateral or vertical gaze paralysis.

paralytic
(par″ә-lit´ik) pertaining to paralysis. a person affected with paralysis.

paralytic abasia
abasia due to paralysis.

paralytic bladder
atonic neurogenic bladder.

paralytic dementia
general paresis.

paralytic ileus
adynamic ileus.

paralytic poliomyelitis
the major illness of poliomyelitis when it involves paralysis.

paralytic scoliosis
scoliosis resulting from muscle paralysis; called also myopathic scoliosis.

paralytic shellfish poisoning
see shellfish poisoning.

paralytic vertigo
vestibular neuronitis.

paralyzant
(par´ә-līz″әnt) causing paralysis. a drug that causes paralysis.

paramagnetic
(par″ә-mag-net´ik) being attracted by a magnet and assuming a position parallel to that of a magnetic force, but not becoming permanently magnetized.

paramastigote
(par″ә-mas´tĭ-gōt) having an accessory flagellum by the side of a larger one.

paramastitis
(par″ә-mas-ti´tis) inflammation of tissues around the mammary gland.

parameatal
(par″ә-me-a´tәl) situated near or around a meatus.

Paramecium
(par″ә-me´se-әm) a genus of ciliate protozoa.

paramecium
(par″ә-me´se-әm) any organism of the genus Paramecium.

paramedian arteries
posteromedial central arteries of posterior communicating artery.

paramedian incision
see illustration.