Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

pancreaticojejunostomy
(pan″kre-at″ĭ-ko-jә-joo-nos´tә-me) pancreaticoenterostomy with the duct or pancreas anastomosed to the jejunum.

pancreatin
(pan´kre-ә-tin) a substance from the pancreas of the hog or ox containing enzymes, principally amylase, protease, and lipase; used as a digestive aid.

pancreatitis
(pan″kre-ә-ti´tis) inflammation of the pancreas, which may be acute or chronic and is often complicated by autodigestion of pancreatic tissue by its own enzymes. The most common causes are complications from alcoholism and biliary tract conditions such as gallstones.

pancreatoduodenectomy
(pan″kre-ә-to-doo″o-dә-nek´tә-me) excision of the head of the pancreas along with the encircling loop of the duodenum.

pancreatogenic
(pan″kre-ә-to-jen´ik) arising in the pancreas.

pancreatogram
(pan″kre-at´o-gram) the x-ray film produced by pancreatography.

pancreatography
(pan″kre-ә-tog´rә-fe) radiography of the pancreas, performed during surgery by injecting contrast medium into the pancreatic duct. endoscopic retrograde pancreatography that in which the radiopaque medium is injected into the pancreatic duct at the ampulla of Vater via a...

pancreatolithectomy
(pan″kre-ә-to-lĭ-thek´tә-me) excision of a calculus from the pancreas.

pancreatolithiasis
(pan″kre-ә-to-lĭ-thi´ә-sis) the presence of calculi in the ductal system or parenchyma of the pancreas.

pancreatolithotomy
(pan″kre-ә-to-lĭ-thot´ә-me) incision of the pancreas for the removal of calculi.

pancreatolysis
(pan″kre-ә-tol´ĭ-sis) destruction of pancreatic tissue. adj., pancreatolyt´ic., adj.

pancreatotomy
(pan″kre-ә-tot´ә-me) incision of the pancreas.

pancreatotropic
(pan″kre-ә-to-tro´pik) having a special affinity for the pancreas.

pancrelipase
(pan″kre-li´pās) a preparation of hog pancreas containing enzymes, principally amylase, protease, and lipase; used as a digestive aid in treatment of pancreatic insufficiency.

pancreolauryl test
(for pancreatic function) fluorescein dilaurate is administered orally and its cleavage to yield lauric acid is monitored as a measure of activity of pancreatic esterase, a pancreatic enzyme.

pancreolysis
(pan″kre-ol´ĭ-sis) pancreatolysis.

pancreozymin
(pan´kre-o-zi″min) cholecystokinin.

pancuronium
(pan″ku-ro´ne-um) a neuromuscular blocking agent used as an anesthesia adjunct in the form of the bromide salt.

pancystitis
(pan″sis-ti´tis) cystitis involving the entire thickness of the wall of the urinary bladder, as occurs in interstitial cystitis.

pancytopenia
(pan″si-to-pe´ne-ә) abnormal depression of all the cellular elements of the blood.

pancytopenia-dysmelia syndrome
Fanconi syndrome (def. 1).

pandemic
(pan-dem´ik) a widespread epidemic of a disease. widely epidemic.

panel-reactive antibody
the preexisting antibody against HLA antigens in the serum of a potential allograft recipient; it reacts with a specific antigen in a panel of leukocytes, with a higher percentage indicating a higher risk of a positive crossmatch. the percentage of such antibody in the recipient's blood.

panencephalitis
(pan″әn-sef″ә-li´tis) encephalitis, probably of viral origin, that produces intranuclear or intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies that result in parenchymatous lesions of both the gray and white matter of the brain.

panendoscope
(pan-en´do-skōp) an endoscope for wide-angle viewing. a cystoscope that gives a wide-angle view of the bladder.

panesthesia
(pan″es-the´zhә) the sum of the sensations experienced. adj., panesthet´ic., adj.

Paneth cells
narrow, pyramidal, or columnar epithelial cells with a round or oval nucleus near the base, found in the fundus of the crypts of Lieberkühn; they contain large secretory granules that may contain peptidase.

panhypopituitarism
(pan-hi″po-pĭ-too´ĭ-tә-riz-әm) generalized hypopituitarism due to absence of or damage to the pituitary gland; in its complete form it leads to absence of gonadal function, loss of secondary sex characters, and insufficiency of thyroid and adrenal function. When cachexia is a prominent featur...

panhysterectomy
(pan″his-tәr-ek´tә-me) total hysterectomy.

panhysterosalpingectomy
(pan-his″tәr-o-sal″pin-jek´tә-me) excision of the uterus, cervix, and fallopian tubes.

panhysterosalpingo-oophorectomy
(pan-his″tәr-o-sal″ping-go-o″of-ә-rek´tә-me) excision of the uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, and ovaries.

panic
(pan´ik) acute, extreme anxiety with disorganization of personality and function; panic attacks are characteristic of panic disorder (see anxiety disorders) and may also occur in other mental disorders.

panic disorder
an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent attacks of panic, episodes of intense apprehension, fear, or terror associated with somatic symptoms such as dyspnea, palpitations, dizziness, vertigo, faintness, or shakiness and with psychological symptoms such as feelings of unreality, fear of dying, going crazy, or losing...

panimmunity
(pan″ĭ-mu´nĭ-te) immunity to several bacterial and viral infections.

panmyeloid
(pan-mi´ә-loid) pertaining to all elements of the bone marrow.

panmyelophthisis
(pan-mi″ә-lof´thĭ-sis) aplastic anemia.

Panner disease
(pah´nәr) osteochondrosis of the capitellum of the humerus.

panniculectomy
(pә-nik″u-lek´tә-me) surgical excision of the abdominal apron of superficial fat in the obese.

panniculitis
(pә-nik″u-li´tis) an inflammatory reaction of the subcutaneous adipose tissue. Two primary categories are distinguished, depending on the site: Predominantly lobular panniculitis affects mainly the lobules of tissue, and often involves necrosis or other degenerative changes. Predominantly septal panniculitis affec...

panniculus
(pә-nik´u-lәs) Latin word meaning a thin layer. panniculus adiposus the subcutaneous fat; a layer of fat underlying the dermis. panniculus carnosus a muscular layer in the superficial fascia, well developed in certain animals; represented in hum...

pannus
(pan´әs) superficial vascularization of the cornea with infiltration of granulation tissue. an inflammatory exudate overlying synovial cells on the inside of a joint capsule, usually occurring in rheumatoid arthritis or related articular rheumatism. panniculus adiposus.

panophthalmitis
(pan″of-thәl-mi´tis) inflammation of all the eye structures or tissues.

panoramic radiography
pantomography.

panosteitis
(pan″os-te-i´tis) inflammation of every part of a bone.

panotitis
(pan″o-ti´tis) inflammation of all the parts or structures of the ear.

panphobia
(pan-fo´be-ә) fear of everything; a vague and persistent dread of some unknown evil.

pansinusitis
(pan″si-nәs-i´tis) inflammation involving all the paranasal sinuses.

pansystolic murmur
a regurgitant murmur heard throughout systole, due to blood flow between two chambers normally of very different pressures in systole; the most common causes are mitral regurgitation, tricuspid regurgitation, and ventricular septal defects.

pantalgia
(pan-tal´jә) pain over the whole body.

pantaloon hernia
inguinal hernia in which there are both direct and indirect hernial sacs.

panthenol
(pan´thә-nol) an alcohol oxidized in the body to pantothenic acid; administered as a source of this vitamin. The term is sometimes used to refer specifically to the D-isomer of panthenol (dexpanthenol).

pantomography
(pan″to-mog´rә-fe) a method of tomography for visualization of body curved surfaces at any depth. In dentistry, it may be used for radiography of the maxillary and mandibular dental arches and their associated structures. Called also panoramic radiography.

pantoprazole
(pan-to´prә-zōl) a gastric acid pump inhibitor with properties similar to those of omeprazole, administered orally and intravenously as the sodium salt in the treatment of erosive esophagitis associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease and intravenously as the sodium salt in the treatment of hypersecretion asso...

pantothenate
(pan″to-then´āt) any salt of pantothenic acid.

pantothenic acid
(pan″to-then´ik) a water-soluble member of the vitamin B complex, present in all living tissues, usually in the form of acetylcoenzyme a. It is a coenzyme that has many metabolic roles in the cell; a lack of it can lead to depressed metabolism of both carbohydrates and fats. The daily requirement for this vitamin ...

pantothenyl alcohol
dexpanthenol. panthenol.

pantropic
(pan-tro´pik) having an affinity for or affecting many tissues or cells.

pantropic virus
a virus that affects or has an affinity for many different kinds of tissue or organs.

panzootic
(pan″zo-ot´ik) occurring among animals over a wide geographical area.

PaO
2 symbol for partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood; see also blood gas analysis.

Pap smear
(pap) Pap test Papanicolaou test.

papain
(pә-pa´in) (pә-pi´in) a proteolytic enzyme from the latex of papaw, Carica papaya, the active ingredient of meat tenderizers. In medicine, it is used as a protein digestant and for enzymatic débridement and promotion of normal healing of surface lesions.

Papanicolaou smear
(pap″ah-nik″o-la´oo) Papanicolaou test a simple, painless test based on the discovery that malignant uterine tumors slough off cancerous cells into surrounding vaginal fluid; it can also be used in diagnosis of lung, stomach, and bladder cancers. Any body excretion (urine, feces), secretion (sputum, pro...

papataci fever
papatasi feverpappataci fever [It. pappataci silent sufferer] phlebotomus fever.

papaverine
(pә-pav´әr-in) an alkaloid obtained from opium or prepared synthetically; the hydrochloride salt has been used as a smooth muscle relaxant and vasodilator to relieve arterial spasms causing cerebral, peripheral, or myocardial ischemia and is also injected into the penis in the diagnosis and treatment of erec...

paper chromatography
a form of chromatography in which a sheet of blotting paper, usually filter paper, is substituted for the adsorption column. After separation of the components as a consequence of their differential migratory velocities, they are stained to make the chromatogram visible. In the clinical laboratory, paper chromatography is...

paper point
absorbent point.

papilla
(pә-pil´ә) a small, nipple-shaped projection or elevation. adj., pap´illary.

papilla of Vater
major duodenal papilla.

papillary adenocarcinoma
polypoid adenocarcinoma that in which the tumor elements are arranged as finger-like processes or as a solid spherical nodule projecting from an epithelial surface.

papillary adenoma
nipple adenoma.

papillary carcinoma
carcinoma in which there are papillary growths that are irregular in nature arising from otherwise normal tissue; it can occur in the thyroid gland, the breast, or the bladder. Called also papillocarcinoma.

papillary cystic tumor of pancreas
a rare, low-grade tumor of endothelial origin, predominantly affecting young women beginning in adolescence, consisting of a well-circumscribed mass containing both solid and cystic elements; tumor cells are small, polygonal, and eosinophilic and form solid sheets or papillary projections.

papillary duct
a straight excretory or collecting portion of a renal tubule, descending through the renal medulla to a renal papilla.

papillary eccrine adenoma
digital papillary adenoma.

papillary muscles
conical muscular projections from the walls of the cardiac ventricles, attached to the cusps of the atrioventricular valves by the chordae tendineae. There is an anterior and a posterior papillary muscle in each ventricle, as well as a group of small papillary muscles on the septum in the right ventricle.

papillary tumor
papilloma.

papillary wave
percussion wave the chief ascending portion of the tracing of a sphygmograph.

papillectomy
(pap″ĭ-lek´tә-me) excision of a papilla.

papilledema
(pap″il-ә-de´mә) edema and hyperemia of the optic disk, usually associated with increased intracranial pressure; called also choked disk.

papillitis
(pap″ĭ-li´tis) inflammation of a papilla, especially of the optic disk.

papillocarcinoma
(pә-pil″o-kahr″sĭ-no´mә) papillary carcinoma.

papilloma
(pap″ĭ-lo´mә) a benign tumor derived from epithelium. Papillomas may arise from skin, mucous membranes, or glandular ducts. adj., papillo´matous., adj. fibroepithelial papilloma a type containing extensive fibrous tissue. intracanalicular papilloma...

papillomatosis
(pap″ĭ-lo-mә-to´sis) development of multiple papillomas.

Papillomavirus
(pap″ĭ-lo´mә-vi″rәs) the papillomaviruses, a genus of viruses of the family Papovaviridae that induce papillomas in humans and other animals; some have been associated with malignancy.

Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome
(pah″pe-yaw´ lә-fev´rә) an autosomal recessive disorder occurring between the first and fifth years of life, characterized by psoriasiform palmoplantar keratoderma, which may also involve the elbows, knees, tibias, external malleoli, and other areas; ectopic calcifications of the skull; and perio...

papilloretinitis
(pap″ĭ-lo-ret″ĭ-ni´tis) inflammation of the optic nerve and disk.

papillotomy
(pap″ĭ-lot´ә-me) incision of a papilla, as of a duodenal papilla.

Papovaviridae
(pә-po″vә-vir´ĭ-de) the papovaviruses, a family of DNA viruses that usually have limited numbers of hosts; many species cause cancer. There are two genera, Papillomavirus and Polyomavirus.

papovavirus
(pә-po´vә-vi″rәs) any virus of the family Papovaviridae.

pappataci fever virus
Phlebovirus.

Pappenheimer bodies
basophilic iron-containing granules observed in erythrocytes in sideroblastic anemia, sickle cell anemia, and certain other conditions.

papular acne
acne vulgaris with formation of papules.

papular urticaria
acute urticaria consisting of a cutaneous eruption as a hypersensitivity reaction to bites of insects such as mites, fleas, bedbugs, gnats, mosquitoes, or lice, seen primarily in susceptible children.

papulation
(pap″u-la´shәn) the formation of papules.

papule
(pap´ūl) a small circumscribed, superficial, solid elevation of the skin with a diameter less than 1 cm (0.5 cm according to some authorities). See also plaque. piezogenic papules transitory, noninflammatory, soft, sometimes painful, large papules appearing above the heel on th...

papulopustular
(pap″u-lo-pus´tu-lәr) both papular and pustular.

papulosis
(pap-u-lo´sis) the presence of multiple papules.

papulosquamous
(pap″u-lo-squa´mәs) both papular and scaly.

papulovesicular
(pap″u-lo-vә-sik´u-lәr) having both papules and blisters.