Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

oxyphil granules
acidophil granules.

oxyphilic
(ok″se-fil´ik) acidophilic (def. 1).

oxyphonia
(ok″se-fo´ne-ә) an abnormally sharp quality or pitch of the voice.

oxyquinoline
(ok″se-kwin´o-lēn) a dicyclic aromatic compound used as a chelating agent; also used in the form of the base or the sulfate salt as a bacteriostatic, fungistatic, antiseptic, and disinfectant.

oxytalan
(ok-sit´ә-lәn) a connective tissue fiber found in the periodontal membrane.

oxytetracycline
(ok″se-tet″rә-si´klēn) a broad-spectrum antibiotic of the tetracycline group produced by Streptomyces rimosus; used as the base or the hydrochloride salt, administered orally or intramuscularly.

oxytocia
(ok-se-to´se-ә) rapid labor.

oxytocic
(ok-se-to´sik) pertaining to, marked by, or promoting oxytocia. an agent that promotes rapid labor by stimulating contractions of the myometrium.

oxytocin challenge test
(OCT) a type of contraction stress test to assess placental reserve for transmitting oxygen to the fetus and detecting insufficiency by observing the fetal heart rate response to oxytocin-induced contraction. See also fetal monitoring.

oxyuriasis
(ok″se-u-ri´ә-sis) infection with oxyurids such as Enterobius vermicularis. enterobiasis.

oxyurid
(ok-se-u´rid) a nematode of the superfamily Oxyuroidea; called also pinworm.

Oxyuroidea
(ok″se-u″roi-de´ә) the oxyurids or pinworms, a superfamily of small nematodes; they are usually parasitic in the cecum and colon of vertebrates, but may infect invertebrates.

oz
ounce.

ozena
(o-ze´nә) an atrophic rhinitis marked by a thick mucopurulent discharge, mucosal crusting, and a strong odor.

ozone
(o´zōn) O3, a bluish explosive gas or blue liquid that is an allotropic form of oxygen; it is odorless and colorless when carried in the air. It is antiseptic and disinfectant, but irritating and toxic to the respiratory system. Ozone is artificially produced when automobile exhaust fumes combine with nitroge...

ozone alert
a warning issued by health and environmental officials during periods of excessive ozone pollution for those individuals most sensitive to ozone, such as the very young, the elderly, and ill individuals, especially those with respiratory conditions. Advice is to remain indoors and limit physical activity. Healthy individu...

PA
physician assistant.

Pa
protactinium; pascal.

Paas disease
(pahs) a familial disorder marked by skeletal deformities such as coxa valga, shortening of phalanges, scoliosis, spondylitis, etc.

PAB
PABA p-aminobenzoic acid.

paced rate
in cardiac pacing terminology, the rate of pulses of an artificial pacemaker, expressed as pulses per minute (ppm). See also cycle length.

pacemaker
(pās´ma-kәr) an object or substance that controls the rate at which a certain phenomenon occurs. cardiac pacemaker. in biochemistry, a substance whose rate of reaction sets the pace for a series of interrelated reactions.

pacemaker cell
a cardiac cell that exhibits the property of normal automaticity; examples are the cells of the sinus node and conduction system.

pacemaker code
mode code.

pacemaker of heart
cardiac pacemaker.

pacemaker syndrome
vertigo, syncope, and hypotension, often accompanied by dyspnea, cough, nausea, peripheral edema, and palpitations, all exacerbated or caused by pacemakers that stimulate the ventricle and therefore do not maintain normal atrioventricular synchrony.

pacemaker twiddler syndrome
twiddler's syndrome in a patient with an artificial pacemaker.

pacemaker-mediated tachycardia
tachycardia in a patient with a dual chamber pacemaker, caused by retrograde conduction of ventricular impulses (either premature ventricular complexes or impulses that are triggered by ventricular pacing), which are sensed by the atria and trigger a subsequent ventricular impulse, sometimes leading to development of an e...

Pachon test
(for collateral circulation) measuring of the blood pressure in cases of aneurysm to determine the state of the collateral circulation.

pachyblepharon
(pak″e-blef´ә-ron) thickening of the eyelids.

pachycephaly
(pak″e-sef´ә-le) abnormal thickness of the bones of the skull. adj., pachycephal´ic., adj.

pachycheilia
(pak″e-ki´le-ә) thickening of the lips.

pachydactyly
(pak″e-dak´tә-le) megalodactyly.

pachyderma
(pak″e-dur´mә) abnormal thickening of the skin. adj., pachyder´matous., adj.

pachydermatocele
(pak″e-dәr-mat´o-sēl) plexiform neuroma attaining a large size, producing an elephantiasis-like condition.

pachydermoperiostosis
(pak″e-dur″mo-per″e-os-to´sis) a syndrome of pachyderma (thickening of the skin) of the head and limbs, with deep folds and furrows on the forehead, cheeks, and scalp, as well as seborrhea, hyperhidrosis,periostosis of long bones, digital clubbing, and spadelike enlargement of the hands and feet. Some ...

pachyglossia
(pak″e-glos´e-ә) abnormal thickness of the tongue.

pachygyria
(pak″e-ji´re-ә) macrogyria.

pachyleptomeningitis
(pak″e-lep″to-men″in-ji´tis) inflammation of the dura mater and pia mater.

pachymeningitis
(pak″e-men″in-ji´tis) inflammation of the dura mater; called also perimeningitis.

pachymeningopathy
(pak″e-men″in-gop´ә-the) noninflammatory disease of the dura mater.

pachymeninx
(pak″e-me´ninks) pl. pachymenin´ges the dura mater.

pachynsis
(pә-kin´sis) an abnormal thickening. adj., pachyn´tic., adj.

pachyonychia
(pak″e-o-nik´e-ә) hypertrophy and thickening of the nails; see also onychauxis and onychogryphosis. pachyonychia congenita a congenital, autosomal dominant syndrome, primarily affecting males, characterized by increased thickness of nails; hyperkeratosis of palms, sol...

pachyperiostitis
(pak″e-per″e-os-ti´tis) periostitis of long bones resulting in abnormal thickness of affected bones.

pachypleuritis
(pak″e-pldbobr-ri´tis) fibrothorax. pleural fibrosis.

pachysalpingitis
(pak″e-sal″pin-ji´tis) chronic interstitial inflammation of the muscular coat of the fallopian tube, producing thickening; called also mural salpingitis and parenchymatous salpingitis.

pachysalpingo-ovaritis
(pak″e-sal-ping″go-o″vә-ri´tis) chronic inflammation of the ovary and fallopian tube, with thickening.

pachytene
(pak´e-tēn) the third stage of prophase in meiosis I, during which synapsis is complete and genetic material may be exhanged by crossing over.

pachyvaginalitis
(pak″e-vaj″ĭ-nәl-i´tis) inflammation and thickening of the tunica vaginalis testis.

pachyvaginitis
(pak″e-vaj″ĭ-ni´tis) chronic vaginitis with thickening of the vaginal walls.

pacing
(pās´ing) regulation of the rate of a physiologic process, such as by providing timed stimuli. cardiac pacing.

pacing catheter
a cardiac catheter containing one or more electrodes on pacing wires; used as a temporary cardiac pacing lead.

pacing mode
in cardiac pacing terminology, the manner of stimulation of a cardiac chamber by an artificial pacemaker, referring to whether or not sensed cardiac signals (events) are used to inhibit or trigger stimulation. Types include asynchronous, inhibited, and triggered modes.

pacing threshold
the minimal electrical stimulus required to produce consistent cardiac depolarization.

pack
(pak) treatment by wrapping a patient in blankets or sheets, or a limb in towels, wet or dry and either hot or cold; referred to as wet, dry, hot, or cold pack, respectively. the blankets, sheets, or towels used for this treatment. tampon. a type of dressing used for hemostasis,...

packed red blood cells
the remaining red blood cells of whole blood from which plasma has been removed; used therapeutically in blood transfusions. In official terminology, called red blood cells.

packed-cell volume
(PCV) hematocrit.

packing
(pak´ing) the filling of a wound or cavity with gauze, sponge, or other material. the material used for this purpose.

paclitaxel
(pak″lĭ-tak´sәl) an antineoplastic agent that acts by promoting and stabilizing the polymerization of microtubules, isolated from the Pacific yew tree (Taxus brevifolia); used in the treatment of advanced ovarian or breast carcinoma, non–small cell lung carcinoma, and AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma. Admini...

PaCO
2 symbol for partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood; see also blood gas analysis.

PACU
postanesthesia care unit.

pad
(pad) a cushionlike mass of soft material.

padimate O
(pad´ĭ-māt) a compound related to aminobenzoate, used as a sunscreen; it absorbs ultraviolet rays of the UVB type.

PAF
platelet-activating factor.

Paget carcinoma
Paget disease (def. 1).

Paget cell
pagetoid cell a large, irregularly shaped, pale anaplastic tumor cell found in the epidermis in Paget disease of the nipple and in extramammary Paget disease.

Paget disease
(paj´et) osteitis deformans. see Paget disease of breast and extramammary Paget disease. Paget disease of bone osteitis deformans. Paget disease of breast intraductal carcinoma of the breast, manifested as a lesion of reddish scaling around th...

Paget test
a solid tumor is most hard in its center, whereas a cyst is least hard in its center.

Paget-Schroetter syndrome
(paj´әt shrur´tәr) Paget-von Schroetter syndrome a thoracic outlet syndrome in which a thrombus forms in the axillary vein after strenuous exercise; symptoms include pain, edema, and skin discoloration in the shoulder and upper arm. Called also effort thrombosis.

pagetoid
(paj´ә-toid) resembling or characteristic of Paget disease.

pagophagia
(pa″go-fa´je-ә) the habit of eating large amounts of ice, a form of pica sometimes linked to iron deficiency.

PAH
PAHA p-aminohippuric acid.

Pahvant Valley fever
tularemia.

PAI
plasminogen activator inhibitor.

pain
(pān) a feeling of distress, suffering, or agony, caused by stimulation of specialized nerve endings. Its purpose is chiefly protective; it acts as a warning that tissues are being damaged and induces the sufferer to remove or withdraw from the source. The receptors for pain stimuli (nociceptors) are free nerve end...

pain disorder
a somatoform disorder characterized by a chief complaint of severe chronic pain that causes substantial distress or impairment in functioning; the pain is neither feigned nor intentionally produced, and psychological factors appear to play a major role in its onset, severity, exacerbation, or maintenance. The pain is rela...

pain dysfunction syndrome
Costen syndrome.

pain nerve
a sensory nerve that conducts stimuli producing the sensation of pain.

pain receptor
nociceptor.

pain sense
nociception.

pain spots
spots on the skin where alone the sense of pain can be produced by a stimulus.

painful arc syndrome
shoulder pain occurring at a particular portion of the arc described when the arm is abducted from the side to the fully raised position, as in inflammation of the tendons of the supraspinatus muscle.

painful bruising syndrome
a purpuric reaction seen chiefly in young to middle-aged women in which spontaneous, chronic recurring painful ecchymoses occur on the body without antecedent trauma or after insufficient trauma; these may be precipitated by emotional stress. Based on studies that show that certain patients exhibit autoerythrocyte sensiti...

palatal arch
the arch formed by the roof of the mouth from the teeth on one side to those on the other.

palatal reflex
palatine reflex stimulation of the palate causes swallowing. Called also swallowing reflex.

palate
(pal´әt) the roof of the mouth, separated into a hard palate and soft palate. adj., pal´atal., adj. hard palate the front portion of the palate, braced by the upper jaw bones (maxillae) and separating the cavities of the mouth and nose. premaxillary palate&nb...

palatine bone
the irregularly shaped bone forming the back part of the hard palate, the lateral wall of the nasal fossa between the medial pterygoid plate and the maxilla, and the back part of the floor of the orbit.

palatine cells
those parts of ethmoid cells that are extended into the palatine bone.

palatine muscles
the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles that act upon the soft palate and the adjacent pharyngeal wall.

palatine papilla
incisive papilla.

palatine uvula
the small, fleshy mass hanging from the soft palate above the root of the tongue.

palatitis
(pal″ә-ti´tis) inflammation of the palate.

palatoglossal
(pal″ә-to-glos´әl) pertaining to the palate and tongue.

palatoglossal arch
the anterior of the two folds of mucous membrane on either side of the oropharynx, connected with the soft palate and enclosing the palatoglossal muscle.

palatoglossus muscle
origin, undersurface of soft palate; insertion, side of tongue; innervation, pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve; action, elevates tongue, constricts fauces.

palatognathous
(pal″ә-tog´nә-thәs) having a congenital cleft palate.

palatomaxillary
(pal″ә-to-mak´sĭ-lar″e) pertaining to the palate and maxilla.

palatopharyngeal
(pal″ә-to-fә-rin´je-әl) pertaining to the palate and pharynx.

palatopharyngeal arch
the posterior of the two folds of mucous membrane on each side of the oropharynx, connected with the soft palate and enclosing the palatopharyngeal muscle.