Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

myocyte
(mi´o-sīt) muscle cell.

myocytoma
(mi″o-si-to´mә) a tumor composed of myocytes.

myodystonia
(mi″o-dis-to´ne-ә) disorder of muscular tone.

myoedema
(mi″o-ә-de´mә) mounding. edema of a muscle.

myoelectric
(mi″o-e-lek´trik) pertaining to the electric properties of muscle.

myoendocarditis
(mi″o-en″do-kahr-di´tis) inflammation of the muscular wall and membrane lining the heart; combined myocarditis and endocarditis.

myoepithelial cells
modified smooth muscle cells, contractile in nature, believed to be of ectodermal origin, located around the secretory units of certain glands (salivary, mammary, sweat, and lacrimal glands) between the gland cells and basement membrane, having long dendritic interweaving cytoplasmic processes, and containing myofilaments...

myoepithelioid cells
juxtaglomerular cells; so called because they appear to be highly modified smooth muscle cells.

myoepithelioma
(mi″o-ep″ĭ-the″le-o´mә) a benign tumor predominantly composed of myoepithelial cells; a pure myoepithelial neoplasm is rare.

myoepithelium
(mi″o-ep″ĭ-the´le-әm) tissue made up of contractile epithelial cells. adj., myoepithe´lial., adj.

myofascial pain
pain attributed to trigger points in muscles and their fascia, with more specific points of origin than with fibromyalgia.

myofascitis
(mi″o-fә-si´tis) inflammation of a muscle and its fascia.

myofibril
(mi″o-fi´bril) one of the slender threads of a muscle fiber, composed of numerous myofilaments; called also muscle fibril. adj., myofi´brillar., adj.

myofibrillar degeneration
damage to selective cardiac cells when surrounding interstitial cells, nerves, and capillaries remain viable.

myofibroblast
(mi″o-fi´bro-blast) an atypical fibroblast combining the ultrastructural features of a fibroblast and a smooth muscle cell.

myofibroma
(mi″o-fi-bro´mә) leiomyoma.

myofibrosis
(mi″o-fi-bro´sis) replacement of muscle tissue by fibrous tissue.

myofilament
(mi″o-fil´ә-mәnt) any of the ultramicroscopic threadlike structures composing the myofibrils of striated muscle fibers.

myofunctional therapy
training of the orofacial musculature, including modification of habits, in edentulous conditions, malocclusion, or temporomandibular joint disorders.

myogenesis
(mi″o-jen´ә-sis) the formation of muscle fibers and muscles in embryonic development. adj., myogenet´ic., adj.

myogenic
(mi″o-jen´ik) giving rise to or forming muscle tissue.

myogenous
(mi-oj´ә-nәs) originating in muscular tissue.

myoglobin
(mi´o-glo″bin) the oxygen-transporting pigment of muscle, a type of hemoprotein resembling a single subunit of hemoglobin, being composed of one globin polypeptide chain and one heme group.

myoglobinuria
(mi″o-glo″bĭ-nu´re-ә) the presence of myoglobin in the urine. familial myoglobinuria , idiopathic myoglobinuria Meyer-Betz disease.

myoglobulin
(mi″o-glob´u-lin) a globulin from muscle serum.

myogram
(mi´o-gram) a record produced by myography.

myograph
(mi´o-graf) an apparatus for recording the effects of muscular contraction.

myography
(mi-og´rә-fe) the use of a myograph. description of muscles. radiography of muscle tissue after injection of a radiopaque medium. adj., myograph´ic., adj.

myoid
(mi´oid) resembling muscle.

myoid cells
cells in the seminiferous tubules that seem to be contractile and are probably responsible for the rhythmic shallow contractions of the tubules.

myointimal cell
a smooth muscle cell found in the intima of an artery.

myoischemia
(mi″o-is-ke´me-ә) local deficiency of blood supply in muscle.

myokinesimeter
(mi″o-kin″ĕ-sim´ĕ-ter) an apparatus for measuring muscular contraction induced by electrical stimulation.

myokinetic
(mi″o-kĭ-net´ik) pertaining to the motion or kinetic function of muscle, as contrasted with the myotonic or tonic function.

myokymia
(mi″o-ki´me-ә) a benign condition in which there is persistent quivering of the muscles.

myolipoma
(mi″o-lĭ-po´mә) a benign mesenchymoma with fatty elements.

myology
(mi-ol´ә-je) scientific study or description of the muscles and accessory structures such as bursae and synovial sheaths.

myolysis
(mi-ol´ĭ-sis) degeneration of muscle tissue.

myoma
(mi-o´mә) a tumor formed of muscle tissue. adj., myo´matous., adj. uterine myoma , myoma of uterus leiomyoma uteri.

myomalacia
(mi″o-mә-la´shә) morbid softening of a muscle.

myomatosis
(mi″o-mә-to´sis) the formation of multiple myomas.

myomectomy
(mi″o-mek´tә-me) surgical excision of a myoma. myectomy. uterine myomectomy surgical removal of a uterine myoma (leiomyoma); called also fibroidectomy.

myomelanosis
(mi″o-mel″ә-no´sis) melanosis of muscle.

myomere
(mi´o-mēr) myotome; the muscle plate or portion of a somite that develops into voluntary muscle.

myometer
(mi-om´ә-tәr) an apparatus for measuring muscle contraction.

myometritis
(mi″o-mә-tri´tis) inflammation of the myometrium.

myometrium
(mi-o-me´tre-әm) the smooth muscle coat of the uterus. adj., myome´trial., adj.

myonecrosis
(mi″o-nә-kro´sis) necrosis or death of individual muscle fibers.

myoneural
(mi″o-noor´әl) pertaining to nerve terminations in muscles.

myoneural junction
neuromuscular junction.

myoneuralgia
(mi″o-ndbobr-ral´jah) neuralgic pain in a muscle.

myopalmus
(mi″o-pal´mәs) muscle twitching.

myoparalysis
(mi″o-pә-ral´ĭ-sis) paralysis of a muscle.

myoparesis
(mi″o-pә-re´sis) slight muscle paralysis.

myopathic atrophy
muscular atrophy due to disease of the muscle tissue.

myopathic paralysis
paralysis due to disease of the muscle itself.

myopathic scoliosis
paralytic scoliosis.

myopathy
(mi-op´ә-the) any disease of a muscle. adj., myopath´ic., adj.

myope
(mi´ōp) a person affected with myopia.

myopericarditis
(mi″o-per″ĭ-kahr-di´tis) inflammation of both the myocardium and pericardium.

myopia
(M) (mi-o´pe-ә) a defect of vision consisting of an error of refraction in which rays of light entering the eye parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus in front of the retina, so that vision for near objects is better than for far. This results from the eyeball being too long from ...

myopic astigmatism
that in which the light rays are brought to a focus in front of the retina.

myopic reflex
Weiss reflex.

myoplasm
(mi´o-plaz″әm) the contractile part of the muscle cell.

myoplasty
(mi´o-plas″te) plastic surgery on muscle whereby portions of detached muscles are used, especially in the field of defects or deformities. adj., myoplas´tic., adj.

myoreceptor
(mi″o-re-sep´tәr) a receptor situated in skeletal muscle that is stimulated by muscular contraction, providing information to higher centers regarding muscle position.

myorrhaphy
(mi-or´ә-fe) suture of a muscle.

myorrhexis
(mi″o-rek´sis) rupture of a muscle.

myosarcoma
(mi″o-sahr-ko´mә) a malignant tumor derived from myogenic cells.

myosclerosis
(mi″o-sklә-ro´sis) hardening of muscle tissue.

myosin
(mi´o-sin) one of the two main proteins of muscle. Myosin and actin are the proteins involved in contraction of muscle fibers.

myosin filament
one of the thick contractile filaments in a myofibril, composed mainly of myosin; each of these is surrounded by six actin filaments.

myositis
(mi″o-si´tis) inflammation of a voluntary muscle; called also initis. myositis fibrosa a type in which there is a formation of connective tissue in the muscle. myositis ossificans myositis marked by bony deposits in muscle.

myospasm
(mi´o-spaz″әm) spasm (def. 1).

myotactic
(mi″o-tak´tik) pertaining to the proprioceptive sense of muscles.

myotasis
(mi-ot´ә-sis) stretching of muscle. adj., myotat´ic., adj.

myotatic reflex
stretch reflex.

myotenositis
(mi″o-ten″o-si´tis) inflammation of a muscle and tendon.

myotenotomy
(mi″o-tә-not´ә-me) surgical division of the tendon of a muscle.

myotome
(mi´o-tōm) an instrument for dividing muscles. the muscle plate or portion of a somite that develops into voluntary muscle. a group of muscles innervated from a single spinal nerve. adj., myotom´ic., adj.

myotomy
(mi-ot´ә-me) cutting or dissection of muscular tissue or of a muscle.

Myotonachol
(mi″o-tōn´ә-kol) trademark for preparations of bethanechol chloride, a smooth muscle relaxant used to treat urinary retention.

myotonia
(mi″o-to´ne-ә) dystonia involving increased muscular irritability and contractility with decreased power of relaxation; see also physiological tetanus. adj., myoton´ic., adj. myotonia atrophica myotonic dystrophy. myotonia congenita a h...

myotonus
(mi-ot´ә-nәs) tonic spasm (physiological tetanus) of a muscle or group of muscles.

myotrophic
(mi″o-tro´fik) increasing the weight of muscle. pertaining to myotrophy.

myotrophy
(mi-ot´rә-fe) nutrition of muscle.

myotropic
(mi″o-tro´pik) having a special affinity for muscle.

myotube
(mi´o-tldbomacb″) myotubule.

myotubular myopathy
a form marked by myofibers resembling the myotubules of early fetal muscle.

myotubule
(mi″o-too´būl) a developing skeletal muscle fiber with a centrally located nucleus. adj., myotu´bular., adj.

myovascular
(mi″o-vas´ku-lәr) pertaining to muscle and blood vessels.

myriachit
(mir-yah´chit) [Russ.] a variety of jumping disease seen in Siberia, possibly identical to latah. Spelled also miryachit.

Myriapoda
(mir″e-ap´ә-dә) a class of arthropods, including the millipedes and centipedes.

myringectomy
(mir″in-jek´tә-me) tympanectomy.

myringitis
(mir″in-ji´tis) inflammation of the tympanic membrane. myringitis bullosa , bullous myringitis a form of viral otitis media in which serous or hemorrhagic blebs appear on the tympanic membrane and adjacent wall of the acoustic meatus.

myringoplasty
(mĭ-ring´go-plas″te) surgical reconstruction of the tympanic membrane.

myringostapediopexy
(mĭ-ring″go-stә-pe´de-o-pek″se) fixation of the large lower part of the tympanic membrane to the head of the stapes.

myringotomy
(mir″ing-got´o-me) incision of the tympanic membrane, usually for relief of pressure and drainage of fluid from the middle ear. Sometimes, as in the case of serous otitis media, a ventilating tube called a grommet is inserted to allow continuous ventilation and avoid a chronic middle ear problem with fluid accumulation,...

myristica oil
nutmeg oil.

myrtiform caruncles
hymenal caruncles.