Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

moxa
(mok´sah) a tuft of soft, combustible material to be burned upon the skin as a cautery and counterirritant.

moxalactam
(mok″sә-lak´tam) a third generation cephalosporinantibiotic having a broad spectrum of activity, effective against β-lactamase–producing strains of Haemophilus influenzae and gram-negative enteric bacilli, including multiple drug-resistant strains.

Moxam
(mok´sam) trademark for a preparation of moxalactam disodium, a broad-spectrum antibiotic.

moxibustion
(mok″sĭ-bus´chәn) the stimulation of an acupoint by the burning of a cone or cylinder of moxa placed at or near the point. The cone may be burned on the skin, either directly or placed on a mediating substance, or at a short distance from the skin on a cigarlike moxa pole. It may also be burned on the h...

moxifloxacin
(mok″sĭ-flok´sә-sin) a broad-spectrum antibiotic effective against many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria; administered orally as the hydrochloride salt in the treatment of bacterial complication of chronic bronchitis, acute sinusitis, community-acquired pneumonia, and skin and skin structure infection...

moyamoya disease
[Japanese moyamoya foggy or smoky, from the angiographic appearance] cerebral ischemia due to occlusion of large arteries at the circle of Willis, with secondary proliferation of an abnormal network of vessels at the base of the brain, causing progressive neurologic disability; hemorrhage may occur from the abnormal ...

Moynahan syndrome
(moi´nә-han) multiple symmetric lentigines, congenital mitral valve stenosis, dwarfism, genital hypoplasia, and mental retardation. Called also progressive cardiomyopathic lentiginosis. a familial congenital syndrome consisting of delayed hair growth on the scalp, epilepsy, mental retardation, and un...

Mozer disease
(mo´zәr) myelosclerosis in adults.

MPD
maximum permissible dose.

MPH
Master of Public Health.

mR
milliroentgen.

MRA
Medical Record Administrator.

mrad
millirad.

MRCP
Member of the Royal College of Physicians.

MRCS
Member of the Royal College of Surgeons.

mrem
millirem.

MRI
magnetic resonance imaging.

MRL
Medical Record Librarian, former name for medical record administrator.

mRNA
messenger RNA.

MS
Master of Science; Master of Surgery; mitral stenosis; multiple sclerosis.

ms
millisecond.

MSH
melanocyte-stimulating hormone.

mtDNA
mitochondrial DNA.

MTX
methotrexate.

mu chain disease
(mu chān) the rarest form of heavy chain disease, found in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia; the predominant symptom is enlargement of the liver and spleen.

Mucha disease
(moo´kah) Mucha-Habermann disease (moo´kah hah´ber-mahn) pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta.

muciferous
(mu-sif´әr-әs) muciparous.

muciform
(mu´sĭ-form) mucoid (def. 1).

mucigen
(mu´sĭ-jәn) a substance present in mucous cells, convertible into mucin and mucus.

mucilage
(mu´sĭ-lәj) an aqueous solution of a gummy substance, used as a vehicle or soothing agent. adj., mucilag´inous., adj.

mucilloid
(mu´sĭ-loid) a preparation of a mucilaginous substance. psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid a powdered preparation of the mucilaginous portion of blond psyllium seeds, used in treatment of constipation.

mucin
(mu´sin) a mucopolysaccharide or glycoprotein that is the chief constituent of mucus.

mucinase
(mu´sĭ-nās) an enzyme that acts upon mucin.

mucinogen
(mu-sin´o-jen) a precursor of mucin.

mucinoid
(mu´sĭ-noid) resembling mucin. mucoid (def. 2).

mucinoid degeneration
a term used to include both mucoid and colloid degeneration; called also mucinous degeneration and myelinic degeneration.

mucinosis
(mu″sĭ-no´sis) any of a large group of disorders characterized by abnormal deposits of mucin in the skin, often associated with hypothyroidism; it includes some types of myxedema. cutaneous focal mucinosis a type of dermal mucinosis in which there is a solitary nodule on the sk...

mucinous adenoma
an epithelial tumor whose cells produce mucin.

mucinous borderline tumor
a type of borderline ovarian tumor consisting of large multilocular cysts and producing mucin.

mucinous carcinoma
an adenocarcinoma that produces significant amounts of mucin.

muciparous
(mu-sip´ә-rәs) secreting mucus.

Muckle-Wells syndrome
(muk´әl welz´) an autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by amyloidosis involving the kidneys and causing nephritis, recurrent urticaria, deafness, and pain in the extremities.

mucoalbuminous cells
mucoserous cells trophochrome cells.

mucocele
(mu´ko-sēl) dilation of a cavity with accumulated mucous secretion. a mucous polyp.

mucociliary clearance
the clearance of mucus and other material from the airways by the cilia of the epithelial cells, which move mucus cephalad with every beat.

mucocutaneous
(mu″ko-ku-ta´ne-әs) pertaining to mucous membrane and skin.

mucocutaneous leishmaniasis
a disease endemic in South and Central America caused by Leishmania viannia, marked by ulceration of the mucous membranes of the nose, mouth, and pharynx; widespread, disfiguring destruction of soft tissues of the nose and mouth may occur.

mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome
Kawasaki disease.

mucoepidermoid
(mu″ko-ep″ĭ-dur´moid) composed of mucus-producing epithelial cells.

mucoepidermoid carcinoma
mucoepidermoid tumor a malignant epithelial tumor of glandular tissue, particularly the salivary glands, characterized by acini with mucus-producing cells and by malignant squamous elements.

mucoid
(mu´koid) resembling mucus. resembling mucus; called also myxoid. a mucus-like conjugated protein of animal origin, differing from mucin in solubility.

mucoid degeneration
degeneration with deposit of myelin and lecithin in the cells.

mucoid otitis media
serous otitis media in which the secretion is particularly thick.

mucokinetic
(mu″ko-kĭ-net´ik) a drug that facilitates removal of mucus from the respiratory tract.

mucolipidosis
(mu″ko-lip″ĭ-do´sis) pl. mucolipido´ses any of a group of genetic disorders in which both glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and lipids accumulate in tissues, but without excess of GAG in the urine. mucolipidosis I sialidosis (type I). mucolipidosis II ...

mucolytic
(mu″ko-lit´ik) capable of reducing the viscosity of mucus. an agent that so acts.

mucoperiosteum
(mu″ko-per″e-os´te-әm) periosteum having a mucous surface, as in parts of the auditory apparatus. adj., mucoperios´teal., adj.

mucopolysaccharide
(mu″ko-pol″e-sak´ә-rīd) a group of polysaccharides that contain hexosamine, that may or may not be combined with protein and that, dispersed in water, form many of the mucins.

mucopolysaccharidosis
(mu″ko-pol″e-sak″ә-ri-do´sis) pl. mucopolysaccharido´ses any of a group of genetically determined disorders due to a defect in mucopolysaccharide metabolism, marked by skeletal changes, mental retardation, visceral involvement, and corneal clouding, with widespread tissue deposits and mucopolysacc...

mucoprotein
(mu″ko-pro´tēn) a compound found in all connective and supporting tissues, containing mucopolysaccharides as prosthetic groups (non–amino acid components); it is soluble in water and relatively resistant to denaturation. Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein a substance produced by c...

mucopurulent
(mu″ko-pu´roo-lәnt) marked by an exudate containing both mucus and pus.

mucopus
(mu´ko-pәs″) mucus blended with pus.

Mucor
(mu´kor) a genus of perfect fungi; several species are molds and saprobes on fruits, vegetables, or baked goods and can cause mucormycosis.

Mucorales
(mu″kә-ra´lēz) an order of perfect fungi of the class Zygomycetes, made up of bread molds and related fungi; genera Absidia, Mucor, and Rhizopus can cause opportunistic mucormycosis in humans.

mucormycosis
(mu″kor-mi-ko´sis) a mycosis due to fungi of the order Mucorales, such as species of Rhizopus and less often Mucor or Absidia, usually an opportunistic infection in debilitated or immunocompromised patients. Organisms enter through the respiratory tract, digestive tract, or a skin lesion, and then invade blood vessel ...

mucosa
(mu-ko´sә) mucous membrane. It is short for the Latin phrase tunica mucosa. adj., muco´sal., adj. alveolar mucosa the mucosal lining of the dental alveoli; a thin, soft, fragile continuation of the mucous membrane of the cheek, lips, and floor of the mouth.

mucosal fold
mucous fold a fold of mucous membrane.

mucosal neuroma syndrome
(mu-ko´sahl ndbobr-ro´mah) multiple endocrine neoplasia, type III.

mucosal relief radiography
a technique for revealing any abnormality of the intestinal mucosa, involving injection and evacuation of a barium enema, followed by inflation of the intestine with air under light pressure. The light coating of barium on the inflated intestine in the radiograph reveals clearly even small abnormalities; double-contrast r...

mucosanguineous
(mu″ko-sang-gwin´e-әs) composed of mucus and blood.

mucosectomy
(mu-ko-sek´tә-me) excision of mucosa, such as in the colon in treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.

mucoserous
(mu″ko-se´rәs) composed of mucus and serum.

mucositis
(mu″ko-si´tis) inflammation of a mucous membrane.

mucous
(mu´kәs) pertaining to or secreting mucus.

mucous cells
cells that secrete mucus or mucin.

mucous degeneration
degeneration with accumulation of mucus in epithelial tissues.

mucous glands
glands that secrete mucus.

mucous membrane
the membrane covered with epithelium that lines the tubular organs of the body.

mucous neck cells
cells found in the necks of gastric glands; they fill the spaces between the parietal cells and are filled with pale transparent granules.

mucous tissue
a jellylike connective tissue, such as occurs in the umbilical cord. Called also gelatinous tissue.

mucous tumor
myxoma.

mucoviscidosis
(mu″ko-vis″ĭ-do´sis) cystic fibrosis.

mucus
(mu´kәs) the free slime of the mucous membrane, composed of the secretion of its glands, various salts, desquamated cells, and leukocytes. cervical mucus that secreted by the mucous membrane of the uterine cervix; it undergoes chemical and physical changes owing to hormone stimulati...

mucus extravasation phenomenon
extravasation of mucus into the surrounding connective tissue from a damaged minor salivary gland excretory duct, followed by an inflammatory reaction leading to the formation of a pool of macrophages and mucin surrounded by a wall of granulation tissue; visible as a small nodule or vesicle on the oral mucosa. Called also...

mucus method
cervical mucus method.

mucus retention cyst
a mucus-containing retention cyst caused by blockage of a salivary gland duct.

mud fever
a type of leptospirosis seen in Germany and Russia, transmitted to humans by the field vole Microtus arvalis; it affects mainly workers in swamps or flooded fields.

MUGA scanning
multiple gated acquisition scanning equilibrium radionuclide angiocardiography.

Muir-Torre syndrome
(mūr´ tor´a) Torre syndrome.

mulberry cell
a round cell with centrally placed nuclei and coarse cytoplasmic vacuoles near the outer border, developing at the periphery of a retrogressing corpus luteum.

mulberry molar
a malformed first molar tooth characterized by dwarfing of the cusps and hypertrophy of the enamel surrounding the cusp with agglomeration of masses of globules, giving it the appearance of a mulberry; seen in congenital syphilis and certain other diseases. Called also mulberry tooth.

mulberry tooth
mulberry molar.

mule spinners' cancer
one of the first types of skin cancer known to be caused by occupational exposure, affecting workers in the cotton spinning industry because of exposure to arsenic, tar, and carcinogenic oils; it was a form of squamous cell carcinoma.

mule-spinners' disease
warts or ulcers of the skin, especially of the scrotum, tending to become malignant (see mule-spinners' cancer); so called because they were found among operators of spinning mules in cotton mills.

Mules operation
evisceration of the eyeball, with insertion of artificial vitreous.

multi-infarct dementia
vascular dementia.

multiallelic
(mul″te-ә-le´lik) pertaining to or having many alleles at a single gene locus.

multiarticular
(mul″te-ahr-tik´u-lәr) pertaining to or affecting many joints.

multibacillary
(mul″te-bas´ĭ-lar″e) having numerous bacilli; see leprosy.

multicapsular
(mul″te-cap´su-lәr) having many capsules.