Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

microcoria
(mi″kro-ko´re-ә) smallness of the pupil.

microcornea
(mi″kro-kor´ne-ә) unusual smallness of the cornea, usually bilateral.

microcrystalline
(mi″kro-kris″tә-lin) made up of minute crystals.

microcurie
(μCi) (mi´kro-ku″re) one millionth (10−6) of a curie.

microcyst
(mi´kro-sist) a cyst visible only under a microscope.

microcystic adnexal carcinoma
a rare type of adnexal carcinoma presenting as a hard, pale or flesh-colored plaque or nodule, usually on the face, especially the upper lip or paranasal area. It arises from sweat gland tissue, grows slowly, and remains local, without metastasis. Called also sclerosing sweat duct carcinoma.

microcyte
(mi´kro-sīt″) an erythrocyte 5 μm or less in diameter. adj., microcyt´ic., adj.

microcythemia
(mi″kro-si-the´me-ә) a condition in which the erythrocytes are smaller than normal; see also microcytic anemia. Called also microcytosis.

microcytic anemia
anemia characterized by microcytes (erythrocytes smaller than normal); see also hypochromic microcytic anemia and microcythemia.

microcytosis
(mi″kro-si-to´sis) microcythemia.

microdactyly
(mi″kro-dak´tә-le) abnormal smallness of the fingers or toes.

microdiskectomy
(mi″kro-dis-kek´tә-me) debulking of a herniated disk using an operating microscope or loupe for magnification.

microdissection
(mi″kro-dĭ-sek´shәn) dissection of tissue or cells under the microscope.

microdontia
(mi″kro-don´shә) abnormal smallness of the teeth.

microdrepanocytic
(mi″kro-drep″ә-no-sit´ik) containing erythrocytes that are both tiny and sickled (drepanocytic), such as those in sickle cell–thalassemia.

microdrepanocytic disease
see sickle cell disease.

microembolus
(mi″kro-em´bo-lәs) an embolus of microscopic size.

microerythrocyte
(mi″kro-ә-rith´ro-sīt) microcyte.

microfarad
(μF) (mi″kro-far´әd) one millionth (10−6) of a farad.

microfibril
(mi″kro-fi´bril) an extremely small fibril, often a unit of a compound fiber.

microfilament
(mi″kro-fil´ә-mәnt) any of the submicroscopic filaments, composed chiefly of actin, found in the cytoplasmic matrix of almost all cells, often in close association with the microtubules.

microfilaremia
(mi″kro-fil″ә-re´me-ә) the presence of microfilariae in the circulating blood.

microfilaria
(mi″kro-fĭ-lar´e-ә) the prelarval stage of filariae in the blood of humans and in the tissues of the vector. This term is sometimes incorrectly used as a genus name and spelled with a capital M.

microflora
(mi″kro-flor´ә) bacteria present in the large intestine.

microfollicular adenoma
a follicular adenoma with small, closely-packed follicles lined with epithelium.

microgamete
(mi″kro-gam´ēt) the smaller, actively motile male gamete that fertilizes the female gamete (macrogamete) in sexual reproduction. the smaller of two types of malarial parasites; see gamete (def. 2).

microgametocyte
(mi″kro-gә-me´to-sīt) a cell that produces microgametes. the male gametocyte of certain Sporozoa, such as malarial plasmodia.

microgastria
(mi″kro-gas´tre-ә) congenital smallness of the stomach.

microgenia
(mi″kro-jen´e-ә) abnormal smallness of the chin.

microgenitalism
(mi″kro-jen´ĭ-tәl-iz-әm) smallness of the external genitalia.

microglia
(mi-krog´le-ә) non-neural cells forming part of the adventitial structure of the central nervous system. They are migratory and act as phagocytes of waste products of the nervous system. adj., microg´lial., adj. Microglia.

microglia cell
microglial cell one of the small interstitial phagocytic cells of the microglia; see also gitter cell Called also microgliocyte and Hortega cell.

microglobulin
(mi″kro-glob´u-lin) any globulin, or any fragment of a globulin, of low molecular weight.

microglossia
(mi″kro-glos´e-ә) abnormal smallness of the tongue.

micrognathia
(mi″kro-na´the-ә) abnormal smallness of the jaws, especially the lower jaw. adj., micrognath´ic., adj.

microgram
(μg) (mi´kro-gram″) one millionth (10−6) of a gram.

micrograph
(mi´kro-graf″) an instrument for recording very minute movements by making a greatly magnified photograph of the minute motions of a diaphragm. a photograph of a minute object or specimen as seen through a microscope. electron micrograph a graphic reproduction of an ob...

microgyria
(mi″kro-ji´re-ә) abnormal smallness of convolutions of the brain.

microgyrus
(mi″kro-ji´rәs) an abnormally small, malformed convolution of the brain.

microhematocrit
(mi″kro-he-mat´ә-krit) a hematocrit determination done on an extremely small quantity of blood, by use of a capillary tube and a high speed centrifuge.

microinfarct
(mi″kro-in´fahrkt) a very small infarct due to obstruction of circulation in capillaries, arterioles, or small arteries.

microinjector
(mi″kro-in-jek´tәr) an instrument for infusion of very small amounts of fluids or drugs.

microinvasion
(mi″kro-in-va´zhәn) microscopic extension of malignant cells into adjacent tissue in carcinoma in situ. adj., microinva´sive., adj.

microlaryngoscopy
(mi″kro-lar″ing-gos´kә-pe) examination of the interior of the larynx with a laryngoscope with binocular magnification.

microleakage
(mi″kro-le´kәj) leakage of minute amounts of fluids, debris, and microorganisms through the microscopic space between a dental restoration or its cement and the adjacent surface of the cavity preparation; it may progress through the dentin into the pulp.

microlecithal
(mi″kro-les´ĭ-thәl) containing little yolk, as the eggs of mammals.

microlesion
(mi″kro-le´zhәn) a minute lesion.

microliter
(μL) (mi´kro-le″tәr) one millionth (10−6) of a liter.

microlith
(mi´kro-lith) a minute concretion or calculus.

microlithiasis
(mi″kro-lĭ-thi´ә-sis) the formation of minute concretions in an organ. microlithiasis alveolaris pulmonum , pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis a condition simulating pulmonary tuberculosis, with deposition of minute calculi in the alveoli of the lungs.

micrology
(mi-krol´ә-je) the science dealing with the handling and preparation of materials for microscopic study.

micromanipulation
(mi″kro-mә-nip″u-la´shәn) surgery, injection, dissection, or other techniques done with micromanipulators. in male factor infertility, the processing of gametes, as by partial removal of the zona pellucida or direct injection of sperm into the egg, in order to increase the possibility of ...

micromanipulator
(mi″kro-mә-nip´u-la″tәr) an instrument for moving, dissecting, or otherwise manipulating minute specimens under the microscope.

micromastia
(mi″kro-mas´te-ә) abnormal smallness of the breast.

micromelia
(mi″kro-me´le-ә) abnormal smallness of one or more limbs.

micromelus
(mi-krom´ә-lәs) an individual with abnormally small limbs.

micromere
(mi´kro-mēr) one of the small blastomeres formed by unequal cleavage of a fertilized oocyte as the result of asymmetric positioning of the mitotic spindle; see also macromere.

micrometer
(mi´kro-me″tәr) an instrument for making minute measurements.

micrometer
(μm) (mi´kro-me″tәr) one millionth (10−6) of a meter.

micromethod
(mi″kro-meth´әd) a technique dealing with exceedingly small quantities of material.

micrometry
(mi-krom´ә-tre) measurement of microscopic objects.

micromolar
(mi″kro-mo´lәr) denoting a concentration of one millionth (10−6) of a mole per liter.

micromyelia
(mi″kro-mi-e´le-ә) abnormal smallness or shortness of the spinal cord.

micromyeloblast
(mi″kro-mi´ә-lo-blast) a small, immature myelocyte. adj., micromyeloblas´tic., adj.

micromyeloblastic leukemia
a form of myelogenous leukemia in which the immature, nucleoli-containing cells are small and are distinguishable from lymphocytes only by special staining.

Micronase
(mi´kro-nās) trademark for a preparation of glyburide, an oral hypoglycemic used for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

microneedle
(mi´kro-ne″dәl) a fine glass needle used in micromanipulation.

microneurosurgery
(mi″kro-ndbobr″ro-sur´jәr-e) surgery conducted under high magnification with miniaturized instruments on microscopic vessels and structures of the nervous system.

micronodular
(mi″kro-nod´u-lәr) marked by the presence of small nodules.

micronodular basal cell carcinoma
a form of nodular basal cell carcinoma in which the nodules are particularly small and usually do not ulcerate.

micronodular cirrhosis
a type marked by morphological changes resulting in an enlarged liver.

micronucleus
(mi″kro-noo´kle-әs) in ciliate protozoa, the kinetoplast, the smaller of two types of nucleus in each cell, which functions in sexual reproduction. a small nucleus. nucleolus.

micronutrient
(mi″kro-noo´tre-әnt) a dietary element essential only in small quantities, such as selenium, copper, or manganese.

micronychia
(mi″kro-nik´e-ә) abnormal smallness of the nails of the fingers or toes.

microorganism
(mi″kro-or´gәn-iz-әm) a microscopic organism; those of medical interest include bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. Viruses are often classified as microorganisms, although they are sometimes excluded because they are not cellular and they are unable to replicate without a host cell.

micropapillary carcinoma
a type of ductal carcinoma in situ characterized by a regular pattern of small bulbous papillae; many tumors have combined micropapillary and cribriform patterns.

micropathology
(mi″kro-pә-thol´ә-je) the sum of what is known about minute pathologic change. pathology of diseases caused by microorganisms.

micropenis
(mi″kro-pe´nis) abnormal smallness of the penis; called also microphallus.

microphage
(mi´kro-fāj″) a small phagocyte; an actively motile neutrophil capable of phagocytosis.

microphakia
(mi″kro-fa´ke-ә) abnormal smallness of the crystalline lens.

microphallus
(mi″kro-fal´әs) micropenis.

microphone
(mi´kro-fōn) a device to pick up sound for purposes of amplification or transmission.

microphonic
(mi″kro-fon´ik) serving to amplify sound. cochlear microphonic.

microphotograph
(mi″kro-fo´tә-graf) a photograph of small size.

microphthalmia
(mi″krof-thal´me-ә) microphthalmos.

microphthalmos
(mi″krof-thal´mos) a developmental defect causing moderate or severe reduction in size of the eye.

micropinocytosis
(mi″kro-pin″o-si-to´sis) the taking up into a cell of specific macromolecules by invagination of the plasma membrane, which is then pinched off, resulting in small vesicles in the cytoplasm.

micropipet
(mi″kro-pi-pet´) a pipet for handling small quantities of liquids (up to 1 mL).

microplethysmography
(mi″kro-pleth″is-mog´rә-fe) the recording of minute changes in the size of a part as produced by circulation of blood.

micropodia
(mi″kro-po´de-ә) abnormal smallness of the feet.

microprecipitation test
a precipitin test in which a minute quantity of the serum is employed.

microprobe
(mi´kro-prōb″) a minute probe, as one used in microsurgery.

micropsia
(mi-krop´se-ә) a disorder of visual perception in which objects appear smaller than their actual size.

micropuncture
(mi´kro-punk″chәr) the creation of minute openings by piercing. in renal physiology, the process by which nephron segments are pierced.

microradiography
(mi″kro-ra″de-og´rә-fe) radiography under conditions that permit subsequent microscopic examination or enlargement of the radiograph up to several hundred linear magnifications.

microreentry
(mi″kro-re-en´tre) reentry involving a small circuit, such as one within the atrioventricular node or Purkinje fibers.

microrespirometer
(mi″kro-res″pĭ-rom´ә-tәr) an apparatus for investigating oxygen utilization in isolated tissues.

microRNA
(miRNA) (mi″kro-ahr´en-a) any of a number of very small RNA molecules that act as negative regulators of gene expression by binding to specific segments of messenger RNA, thus interfering with translation. MicroRNAs are important in the regulation of a number of cellular processes; and abnormaliti...

microscope
(mi´kro-skōp″) an instrument used to obtain an enlarged image of small objects and reveal details of structure not otherwise distinguishable.

microscopic
(mi″kro-skop´ik) of extremely small size; visible only by the aid of a microscope. pertaining or relating to a microscope or to microscopy.