Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

The wordlist doesn't exist anymore, or, the website doesn't exist anymore. On this page you can find a copy of the original information. The information may have been taken offline because it is outdated.

Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

mesiobuccal
(me″ze-o-buk´әl) pertaining to or formed by the mesial and buccal surfaces of a tooth, or the mesial and buccal walls of a tooth cavity.

mesiobucco-occlusal
(me″ze-o-buk″o-ŏ-kloo´zәl) pertaining to or formed by the mesial, buccal, and occlusal surfaces of a tooth.

mesiocervical
(me″ze-o-sur´vi-kәl) pertaining to the mesial surface of the neck of a tooth.

mesioclusion
(me″ze-o-kloo´zhәn) anteroclusion; malrelation of the dental arches with the mandibular arch anterior to the maxillary arch (prognathism).

mesiodistal
(me″ze-o-dis´tәl) pertaining to the mesial and distal surfaces of a tooth.

mesiolabial
(me″ze-o-la´be-әl) pertaining to the mesial and labial surfaces of a tooth or a tooth cavity.

mesiolabioincisal
(me″ze-o-la″be-o-in-si´zәl) pertaining to or formed by the mesial, labial, and incisal surfaces of a tooth.

mesiolingual
(me″ze-o-ling´gwәl) pertaining to or formed by the mesial and lingual surfaces of a tooth, or the mesial and lingual walls of a tooth cavity preparation.

mesiolinguo-occlusal
(me″ze-o-ling″gwo-ŏ-kloo´zәl) pertaining to or formed by the mesial, lingual, and occlusal surfaces of a tooth.

mesiolinguoincisal
(me″ze-o-ling″gwo-in-si´zәl) pertaining to or formed by the mesial, lingual, and incisal surfaces of a tooth.

mesion
(me´se-on) the plane dividing the body into right and left symmetrical halves.

mesmerism
(mez´mәr-iz″әm) hypnotism.

mesna
(mez´nә) a sulfhydryl compound given orally or intravenously together with a urotoxic antineoplastic agent such as ifosfamide or cyclophosphamide because it inactivates some of their metabolites and thus lessens damage to the bladder.

mesoappendix
(mez″o-) (me″zo-ә-pen´dix) the peritoneal fold connecting the appendix to the ileum.

mesoblast
(mez´o-) (me´zo-blast″) the mesoderm, especially in the early stages.

mesocardia
(mez″o-) (me″zo-kahr´de-ә) location of the apex of the heart in the midline of the thorax.

mesocardium
(mez″o-) (me″zo-kahr´de-әm) the part of the embryonic mesentery that connects the embryonic heart with the body wall in front and the foregut behind.

mesocaval shunt
a portosystemic shunt between the superior mesenteric vein and the inferior vena cava to reduce portal hypertension.

mesocecum
(mez″o-) (me″zo-se´kәm) the occasionally occurring mesentery of the cecum.

mesocolic hernia
paraduodenal hernia.

mesocolon
(mez″o-) (me″zo-ko″lәn) the peritoneal process attaching the colon to the posterior abdominal wall, and called ascending, descending, or transverse, according to the portion of the colon to which it attaches. Mesocolon. ...

mesocolopexy
(mez″o-) (me″zo-ko´lo-pek″se) suspension or fixation of the colon.

mesocord
(mez´o-) (me´zo-kord) an umbilical cord adherent to the placenta.

mesocuneiform bone
intermediate cuneiform bone.

mesoderm
(mez´o-) (me´zo-dәrm″) the middle of the three primary germ layers of the embryo, lying between the ectoderm and endoderm; from it are derived the connective tissue, bone, cartilage, muscle, blood and blood vessels, lymphatics, lymphoid organs, notochord, pleura, pericardium, peritoneum, kid...

mesodermal mixed tumor
müllerian mixed tumor.

mesoduodenum
(mez″o-) (me″zo-doo″o-de´nәm) the mesenteric fold that in early fetal life encloses the duodenum.

mesoepididymis
(mez″o-) (me″zo-ep″ĭ-did´ĭ-mis) a fold of the tunica vaginalis testis that connects the epididymis and testis.

mesogastrium
(mez″o-) (me″zo-gas´tre-әm) the portion of the primordial mesentery that encloses the stomach and from which the greater omentum develops. adj., mesogas´tric., adj.

mesoileum
(mez″o-) (me″zo-il´e-әm) the mesentery of the ileum.

mesojejunum
(mez″o-) (me″zo-jә-joo´nәm) the mesentery of the jejunum.

mesomere
(mez´o-) (me´zo-mēr) a blastomere of size intermediate between a macromere and a micromere. a midzone of the mesoderm between the epimere and hypomere.

mesomerism
(mә-som´әr-iz″әm) the existence of organic chemical structures that cannot be accurately represented by a single structural formula, the actual formula lying intermediate between several possible representations that differ only in the position of electrons.

mesometrium
(mez″o-) (me″zo-me´tre-әm) the portion of the broad ligament below the mesovarium.

mesomorph
(mez´o-) (me´zo-morf″) an individual having a type of body build in which mesodermal tissues predominate: there is relative preponderance of muscle, bone, and connective tissue, usually with heavy, hard physique of rectangular outline; a somatotype classified between ectomorph and endomorph.

mesomorphy
(mez´o-) (me´zo-mor″fe) the condition of being a mesomorph. adj., mesomor´phic., adj.

meson
(mez´on) (me´zon) mesion. any elementary particle having a mass intermediate between the mass of the electron and that of the proton.

mesonephric duct
an embryonic duct of the mesonephros, which in the male becomes the epididymis, ductus deferens and its ampulla, seminal vesicles, and ejaculatory duct, and in the female is largely obliterated.

mesonephric ridge
the more lateral portion of the urogenital ridge, giving rise to the mesonephros.

mesonephric tubules
the tubules comprising the mesonephros, or temporary kidney, of amniotes.

mesonephroma
(mez″o-) (me″zo-nә-fro´mә) clear cell adenocarcinoma.

mesonephron
(mez″o-) (me″zo-nef´ron) mesonephros.

mesonephros
(mez″o-) (me″zo-nef´ros) pl. mesoneph´roi the organ of excretion in the embryo, arising above the pronephros and using its duct. adj., mesoneph´ric., adj.

mesophile
(mez´o-) (me´zo-fīl″) a microorganism that grows best at 20° to 55°C.

mesophlebitis
(mez″o-) (me″zo-flә-bi´tis) inflammation of the tunica media of a vein.

mesorchium
(mәz-or´ke-әm) the portion of the primordial mesentery enclosing the fetal testis, represented in the adult by a fold between the testis and epididymis. adj., mesor´chial., adj.

mesorectum
(mez″o-) (me″zo-rek´tәm) the fold of peritoneum connecting the upper portion of the rectum with the sacrum.

mesoridazine
(mez″o-rid´ә-zēn) a phenothiazine used in the form of the besylate salt as an antipsychotic agent.

mesoropter
(mez″o-) (me″zo-rop´tәr) the normal position of the eyes with their muscles at rest.

mesosalpinx
(mez″o-) (me″zo-sal´pinks) the part of the broad ligament above the mesovarium, investing the fallopian tube.

mesosigmoid
(mez″o-) (me″zo-sig´moid) the peritoneal fold by which the sigmoid colon is attached to the abdominal wall.

mesosigmoidopexy
(mez″o-) (me″zo-sig-moi´do-pek″se) fixation of the mesosigmoid in rectal prolapse.

mesosome
(mez´o-) (me´zo-sōm″) an invagination of the bacterial cell membrane. Various mesosomes are associated with DNA replication, cell secretion, and electron transport.

mesosternum
(mez″o-) (me″zo-stur´nәm) the middle piece or body of the sternum.

mesotendineum
(mez″o-) (me″zo-tәn-din´e-әm) mesotendon.

mesotendon
(mez″o-) (me″zo-ten´don) the connective tissue sheath attaching a tendon to its fibrous sheath.

mesothelial
(mez″o-) (me″zo-the´le-әl) pertaining to the mesothelium.

mesothelial cells
flattened epithelial cells of mesenchymal origin that line the serous cavities.

mesothelioma
(mez″o-) (me″zo-the″le-o´mә) a malignant tumor made up of cells derived from the mesothelium.

mesothelium
(mez″o-) (me″zo-the´le-әm) the layer of flat cells, derived from the mesoderm, that lines the body cavity of the embryo. In the adult it forms the simple squamous epithelium that covers the surface of all true serous membranes (peritoneum, pericardium, pleura).

mesotympanum
(mez″o-) (me″zo-tim´pә-nәm) the portion of the middle ear medial to the tympanic membrane.

mesovarium
(mez″o-) (me″zo-var´e-әm) the portion of the broad ligament between the mesometrium and mesosalpinx, enclosing and holding the ovary in place.

messenger RNA
(mRNA) a type of RNA named for its function of carrying the genetic code from the nucleus of the cell to the cytoplasm, where most cellular functions take place. The transfer of the genetic code from DNA to mRNA is called transcription. Molecules of mRNA migrate to the ribosomes, where the manufacture of proteins occurs...

mestranol
(mes´trә-nol) a synthetic estrogen used in combination with a progestational agent as an oral contraceptive.

mesylate
(mes´ә-lāt) USAN contraction for methanesulfonate.

met-enkephalin
(met″әn-kef´ә-lin) see enkephalin.

meta-analysis
(met″ә-ә-nal´ә-sis) a systematic method that takes data from a number of independent studies and integrates them using statistical analysis.

metabasis
(mә-tab´ә-sis) change in the manifestations or course of a disease.

metabiosis
(met″ә-bi-o´sis) the dependence of one organism upon another for its existence; commensalism.

metabolic acidosis
any of the types of acidosis resulting from accumulation in the blood of keto acids (derived from fat metabolism) at the expense of bicarbonate; this diminishes the body's ability to neutralize acids. Symptoms include weakness, malaise, and headache; as the acid level goes up, the symptoms may progress to stupor, coma, and even...

metabolic alkalosis
an abnormal shift of the body's acid-base balance in the alkaline direction. This may be caused by uncompensated loss of acids, the taking in of too much base, failure to excrete bases properly, or potassium depletion. It may be seen in a patient who is vomiting frequently, has gastric suction, is taking a diuretic, or has adrenocort...

metabolic block
the blocking of a biosynthetic pathway due to a genetic enzyme defect or to inhibition of an enzyme by a drug or other substance.

metabolic cataract
an opacity due to an endocrine or biochemical disorder.

metabolic cirrhosis
a type associated with metabolic diseases such as hemochromatosis, Wilson disease, glycogen storage disease, galactosemia, and disorders of amino acid metabolism.

metabolic disease
a disease caused by some defect in the chemical reactions of the cells of the body.

metabolic myopathy
myopathy due to disordered metabolism, usually caused by genetic defects or hormonal dysfunction.

metabolic pathway
a sequence of reactions that convert one biological material to another.

metabolic rate
an expression of the amount of oxygen consumed by the body cells.

metabolic syndrome
metabolic syndrome X a combination including at least three of the following: abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low level of high-density lipoproteins, hypertension, and high fasting plasma glucose level. It is associated with an increased risk for development of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Called also s. X.

metabolism
(mә-tab´ә-liz″әm) biotransformation. the sum of the physical and chemical processes by which living organized substance is built up and maintained (anabolism), and by which large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules to make energy available to the organism (catabolism). adj., ...

metabolite
(mә-tab´o-līt) any substance produced during metabolism.

metabolize
(mĕ-tab´o-līz) to subject to or be transformed by metabolism.

metacarpal
(met″ә-kahr´pәl) pertaining to the metacarpus. one of the metacarpal bones.

metacarpal bones
metacarpals; the five cylindrical bones of the hand, which join proximally with the carpal bones and distally with the proximal phalanges of the fingers; numbered from that joining with the phalanx of the thumb (1) to that joining with the phalanx of the little finger (5).

metacarpectomy
(met″ә-kahr-pek´tә-me) excision or resection of a metacarpal bone.

metacarpophalangeal
(met″ә-kahr″po-fә-lan´je-әl) pertaining to the metacarpus and phalanges of the fingers.

metacarpus
(met″ә-kahr´pәs) the part of the hand between the wrist and fingers, its skeleton being five bones (metacarpal bones) extending from the carpus to the phalanges.

metacentric
(met″ә-sen´trik) having the centromere near the middle, so that the arms of the chromosome are approximately equal in length.

metacercaria
(met″ә-sәr-kar´e-ә) pl. metacerca´riae The encysted resting or maturing stage of a parasitic fluke in the tissues of an intermediate host.

metachromasia
(met″ә-kro-ma´zhә) failure to stain true with a given stain. the different coloration of different tissues produced by the same stain. change of color produced by staining. adj., metachromat´ic., adj.

metachromatic granule
a granular cell inclusion that stains a color different from that of the dye used. In certain bacteria, yeasts, yeastlike fungi, and protozoa, metachromatic granules appear red when stained with a blue dye. They are composed of complex polyphosphate, lipid, and nucleoprotein molecules (volutin) and serve as an intracellul...

metachromatic stain
one that produces in certain elements a color different from that of the stain itself.

metachromatism
(met″ә-kro´mә-tiz″әm) metachromasia.

metachromophil
(met″ә-kro´mo-fil) not staining normally.

metachronous
(mә-tak´rә-nәs) term used in oncology to refer to neoplasms that develop later in patients who have had a previous tumor. See also asynchronous.

metaethics
(met″ah-eth´iks) analysis of the language, concepts, and methods of reasoning in ethics. It studies the meanings of such ethical terms as right, obligation, virtue, principle, justification, sympathy, morality, and responsibility. It also includes study of moral epistemology (the theory of moral knowledge) and the...

metagenesis
(met″ә-jen´ә-sis) alternation of generations used specifically to denote the regular alternation of sexual and asexual modes of reproduction in the life cycle, as in certain fungi.

Metagonimus
(met″ә-gon´ĭ-mәs) a genus of flukes. M. yokoga´wai, is a parasitic intestinal fluke found in humans and other mammals in Japan, China, Indonesia, the Balkans, and Israel.

metal
(met´әl) any chemical element marked by luster, malleability, ductility, and conductivity of electricity and heat, and which will ionize positively in solution. adj., metal´lic., adj.

metal fume fever
an occupational disorder with malaria-like symptoms occurring in persons engaged in welding and other metallic operations and due to the volatilized metals. Subtypes include brassfounder's fever and spelter's fever.