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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

prostacyclin synthetase
<enzyme> Converts endoperoxides to prostacyclin ... Registry number: EC 5.3.99.4 ... Synonym: prostacyclin synthase, pgi2 synthetase, pgi2 synthase, prostaglandin-i synthase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

prostaglandin
<protein> (prostate gland + in because they were originally discovered in semen) any of a group of components derived from unsaturated 20 carbon fatty acids, primarily arachidonic acid, via the cyclooxygenase pathway that are extremely potent mediators of a diverse group of physiologic processes. The abbreviation for prostaglandin is PG, spec …

prostaglandin antagonists
Compounds that inhibit the action of prostaglandins. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prostaglandin d2
<chemical> 9,15-dihydroxy-11-oxoprosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid. The principal cyclooxygenase metabolite of arachidonic acid. It is released upon activation of mast cells and is also synthesised by alveolar macrophages. Among its many biological actions, the most important are its bronchoconstrictor, platelet-activating-factor-inhibitory, and cyt …

prostaglandin E1
Synonym for alprostadil ... <chemical> A potent vasodilator agent that increases peripheral blood flow. It inhibits platelet aggregation and has many other biological effects such as bronchodilation, mediation of inflammation, etc. ... Pharmacological action: fibrinolytic agent, platelet aggregation inhibitors, vasodilator agents. ... Chemical n …

prostaglandin E1 monooxygenase
<enzyme> Requires NADPH; liver microsome enzyme is cytochrome p-450 dependent; catalyses omega hydroxylation ... Registry number: EC 1.14.- ... Synonym: pge1 monooxygenase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

prostaglandin E2
Synonym for dinoprostone ... <chemical> 7-(3-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-1-octenyl)-5-oxocyclopentyl)-5-heptenoic acid. The most common and most biologically active of the mammalian prostaglandins. It exhibits most biological activities characteristic of prostaglandins and has been used extensively as an oxytocic agent. The compound also displays a p …

prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase
<enzyme> An enzyme complex that catalyses the formation of prostaglandins from the appropriate unsaturated fatty acid, molecular oxygen, and a reduced acceptor. ... See:

prostaglandin endoperoxides
Precursors in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and thromboxanes from arachidonic acid. They are physiologically active compounds, having effect on vascular and airway smooth muscles, platelet aggregation, etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prostaglandin F2a
Synonym for dinoprost ... <chemical> 7-(3,5-dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-1-octenyl)cyclopentyl)-5-heptenoic acid. A natural prostaglandin f analog that has oxytocic, luteolytic, and abortifacient activities. Due to its vasocontractile properties, the compound has a variety of other biological actions. ... Pharmacological action: abortifacient agents, …

prostaglandin F2a tromethamine
Synonym for dinoprost tromethamine ... An oxytocic agent. ... Synonym: prostaglandin F2a tromethamine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostaglandin R2 D-isomerase
<enzyme> Prostaglandin d synthase and pgd synthase were non-print entry terms to prostaglandin synthase 1983-91 ... Registry number: EC 5.3.99.2 ... Synonym: prostaglandin endoperoxide d-isomerase, prostaglandin h2 d-isomerase, pgd2 isomerase, prostaglandin d2-isomerase, prostaglandin d2 isomerase, pgd synthetase, pgr2 d-isomerase, prostaglandi …

prostaglandin-E synthase
<enzyme> Converts pgh to pge; part of prostaglandin synthase complex ... Registry number: EC 5.3.99.3 ... Synonym: prostaglandin r2 e-isomerase, endoperoxide isomerase, prostaglandin endoperoxide e isomerase, prostaglandin h2 e-isomerase, pge2 isomerase, prostaglandin e2 isomerase, pgr2 e-isomerase, prostaglandin h2-prostaglandin e2 isomerase, …

prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase
<enzyme> Catalyses reversibly an nad+ dependent oxidation of the 9alpha-hydroxyl group of 15-keto-13,14-dihydro-pgf2alpha to 15-keto-13,14-dihydro-pge2; also acts on pga1; sequence data indicates that it is identical with carbonyl reductase (NADPH) (EC 1.1.1.184) ... Registry number: EC 1.1.1.189 ... Synonym: 9-ketoprostaglandin reductase, pros …

prostaglandin-F synthase
<enzyme> Catalyses conversion of pgd2 to pgf2alpha; also converts pgh2 to pgf2alpha ... Registry number: EC 1.1.1.188 ... Synonym: pgd2 11-keto reductase, pgf synthetase, pgf synthase, prostaglandin d2-NADPH-dependent ketoreductase, prostaglandin f synthetase, pgf2alpha synthase, prostaglandin d2 11-keto reductase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

prostaglandins
A group of compounds derived from unsaturated 20-carbon fatty acids, primarily arachidonic acid, via the cyclooxygenase pathway. They are extremely potent mediators of a diverse group of physiological processes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prostaglandins a
(13e,15s)-15-hydroxy-9-oxoprosta-10,13-dien-1-oic acid (pga(1)); (5z,13e,15s)-15-hydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,10,13-trien-1-oic acid (pga(2)); (5z,13e,15s,17z)-15-hydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,10,13,17-tetraen-1-oic acid (pga(3)). A group of naturally occurring secondary prostaglandins derived from pge. Pga(1) and pga(2) as well as their 19-hydroxy derivatives ar …

prostaglandins a, synthetic
Analogs or derivatives of prostaglandin a that do not occur naturally in the body. They do not include the product of the chemical synthesis of hormonal pga. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prostaglandins b
Physiologically active prostaglandins found in many tissues and organs. They are potent pressor substances and have many other physiological activities. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prostaglandins d
Physiologically active prostaglandins found in many tissues and organs. They show pressor activity, are mediators of inflammation, and have potential antithrombotic effects. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prostaglandins e
(11 alpha,13e,15s)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid (pge(1)); (5z,11 alpha,13e,15s)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid (pge(2)); and (5z,11 alpha,13e,15s,17z)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13,17-trien-1-oic acid (pge(3)). Three of the six naturally occurring prostaglandins. They are considered primary in that no one is deri …

prostaglandins e, synthetic
Analogs or derivatives of prostaglandins e that do not occur naturally in the body. They do not include the product of the chemical synthesis of hormonal pge. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prostaglandins f
(9 alpha,11 alpha,13e,15s)-9,11,15-trihydroxyprost-13-en-1-oic acid (pgf(1 alpha)); (5z,9 alpha,11,alpha,13e,15s)-9,11,15-trihydroxyprosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid (pgf(2 alpha)); (5z,9 alpha,11 alpha,13e,15s,17z)-9,11,15-trihydroxyprosta-5,13,17-trien-1-oic acid (pgf(3 alpha)). A family of prostaglandins that includes three of the six naturally occurr …

prostaglandins f, synthetic
Analogs or derivatives of prostaglandins f that do not occur naturally in the body. They do not include the product of the chemical synthesis of hormonal pgf. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prostaglandins g
A group of physiologically active prostaglandin endoperoxides. They are precursors in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and thromboxanes. most frequently encountered member of this group is the prostaglandin g2. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prostaglandins h
A group of physiologically active prostaglandin endoperoxides. They are precursors in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and thromboxanes. The most frequently encountered member of this group is the prostaglandin h2. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prostaglandins, synthetic
Compounds obtained by chemical synthesis that are analogs or derivatives of naturally occurring prostaglandins and that have similar activity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prostanoic acid
7-[2-(1-Octanyl)cyclopentyl]heptanoic acid;the 20-carbon acid that is the skeleton of the prostaglandins, with various hydroxyl and keto substitutions at positions 9, 11, and 15, and double bonds in the long aliphatic chains. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostanoic acids
2-octylcyclopentaneheptanoic acids. The family of saturated carbon-20 cyclic fatty acids that represent the parent compounds of the prostaglandins. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prostanoids
Collective term for prostaglandins, prostacyclins and thromboxanes: slightly narrower than eicosanoids. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

prostat-
See: prostato-. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostata
Synonym: prostate. ... Origin: Mod. L. From G. Prostates, one standing before ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostatalgia
A rarely used term for pain in the area of the prostate gland. ... Origin: prostat-+ G. Algos, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostate
A small conical gland at the base of the male bladder and surrounding the first part of the urethra. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

prostate acid phosphatase
An enzyme produced by the prostate that is elevated in some patients with prostate cancer. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prostate anatomy
<radiology> Periurethral glandular tissue, may lead to BPH, prostatic acinar tissue, central zone may lead to BPH, peripheral zone may lead to carcinoma ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prostate cancer
The second most common malignancy in men. A malignant tumour of glandular origin in the prostate. Over 95% are adenocarcinomas. Most commonly seen in older men, with the age of 73 being the average age at the time of diagnosis. A family history for prostate cancer and perhaps, a diet that is high is fat are considered to be risk factors for this ma …

prostate carcinoma
<radiology> Treatment: stages A and B: radical prostatectomy (prostate, seminal vesicles, part of bladder); some do simple prostatectomy for stage A, stage C: radiation therapy, stage D: orchiectomy and/or oestrogens ... stage A Tumour discovered incidentally in tissue removed for BPH, A1 Small focal involvement of one lobe, A2 Multifocal or d …

prostate gland
A gland in the male that surrounds the neck of the bladder and urethra. The prostate contributes to the seminal fluid. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

prostate-specific antigen
<tumour marker> A simple blood test used to detect prostate cancer in men. The test measures a specific antigen normally secreted by the prostate. If cancer is developing, the prostate secretes greater amounts of prostate-specific antigen. This test is recommended for men with an enlarged prostate and an increased risk of prostate cancer. ... …

prostatectomy
<procedure> The surgical removal of the prostate gland. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prostatic adenoma
<tumour> A term used for the growth in benign prostatic hyperplasia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostatic calculus
<urology>A concretion formed in the prostate gland, composed chiefly of calcium carbonate and phosphate (corpora amylacea). ... Synonym: prostatolith. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostatic catheter
Synonym for elbowed catheter ... A catheter with an angular bend near the beak; used to rise over prostatic obstruction. ... Synonym: catheter coude, prostatic catheter. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostatic ducts
Synonym for prostatic ductules ... About 20 minute canals that receive the prostatic secretion from the glandular tubules and discharge it through openings on either side of the urethral crest in the posterior wall of the urethra. ... Synonym: ductuli prostatici, ductus prostatici, prostatic ducts. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostatic ductules
About 20 minute canals that receive the prostatic secretion from the glandular tubules and discharge it through openings on either side of the urethral crest in the posterior wall of the urethra. ... Synonym: ductuli prostatici, ductus prostatici, prostatic ducts. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostatic fluid
Succus prostaticus;a whitish secretion that is one of the constituents of the semen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostatic hyperplasia
Enlargement or overgrowth of the prostate gland as a result of an increase in the number of its constituent cells. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia
A premalignant change arising in the prostatic epithelium, regarded as the most important and most likely precursor of prostatic adenocarcinoma. The neoplasia takes the form of an intra-acinar or ductal proliferation of secretory cells with unequivocal nuclear anaplasia, which corresponds to nuclear grade 2 and 3 invasive prostate cancer. ... (12 De …

prostatic massage
Manual expression of prostatic secretions by digital rectal technique, the emptying of prostatic sini and ducts by repeated downward compression manoeuvres, used in the treatment of various congestive and inflammatory prostatic conditions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostatic plexus
An autonomic plexus of nerves intimately associated with the capsule of the prostate, derived from the inferior hypogastric plexus, and giving rise to the cavernous nerves to the erectile tissue of the penis; surgical injury of this plexus ofter results in impotency. ... Synonym: plexus prostaticus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostatic sheath
Loose fibrous, partly vascular enclosure of the prostate and its dense (true) fibrous capsule; it is continuous inferiorly with the superior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm and posteriorly becomes part of the rectovesical septum; it contains the prostatic venous plexus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostatic sinus
The groove on either side of the urethral crest in the prostatic part of the urethra into which the prostatic ducts open. ... Synonym: sinus prostaticus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostatic urethra
The prostatic part of the male urethra, about 2.5 cm in length, that traverses the prostate; it includes the seminal colliculus, and the ejaculatory and prostatic ducts open into it. ... Synonym: pars prostatica urethrae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostatic utricle
A minute pouch in the prostate opening on the summit of the seminal colliculus, the analogue of the uterus and vagina in the female, being the remains of the fused caudal ends of the paramesonephric ducts. ... Synonym: utriculus prostaticus, masculine uterus, Morgagni's sinus, sinus pocularis, uterus masculinus, vagina masculina, vesica prostatica, …

prostatic venous plexus
A venous plexus, arising chiefly from the dorsal vein of the penis, situated below the base of the bladder at the sides of the prostate. ... See: prostaticovesical plexus. ... Synonym: plexus venosus prostaticus, plexus pudendalis, Santorini's labyrinth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostaticovesical
Relating to the prostate and the bladder. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostaticovesical plexus
A venous plexus which includes the prostatic venous plexus around the prostate gland and that of the neck of the bladder; it communicates with the vesical and pudendal plexus's, receives the deep dorsal vein of the penis, and empties. By one or more efferent vessels into the internal iliac (hypogastric) vein; it corresponds to the inferior vesical …

prostatism
A symptom complex resulting from compression or obstruction of the urethra, due most commonly to hyperplasia of the prostate, symptoms include diminution in the calibre and force of the urinary stream, hesitancy in initiating voiding, inability to terminate micturition abruptly (with postvoiding dribbling), a sensation of incomplete bladder emptyin …

prostatitis
<pathology> Inflammation of the prostate. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

prostato-
Prostat- ... The prostate gland. ... Origin: Med. L. Prostata fr. G. Prostates, one who stands before, protects ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostatocystitis
Inflammation of the prostate and the bladder; cystitis by extension of inflammation from the prostatic urethra. ... Origin: prostato-+ G. Kystis, bladder, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostatodynia
A rarely used term for prostatalgia. ... Origin: prostato-+ G. Odyne, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostatolith
Synonym: prostatic calculus. ... Origin: prostato-+ G. Lithos, stone ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostatolithotomy
<procedure> Incision of the prostate for removal of a calculus. ... Origin: prostato-+ G. Lithos, stone, + tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostatomegaly
Enlargement of the prostate gland. ... Origin: prostato-+ G. Megas, large ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostatomy
Synonym for prostatotomy ... <procedure> An incision into the prostate. ... Synonym: prostatomy. ... Origin: prostato-+ G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostatorrhoea
An abnormal discharge of prostatic fluid. ... Origin: prostato-+ G. Rhoia, a flow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostatoseminalvesiculectomy
Synonym for prostatovesiculectomy ... <procedure> Surgical removal of the prostate gland and seminal vesicles. ... Synonym: prostatoseminalvesiculectomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostatotomy
<procedure> An incision into the prostate. ... Synonym: prostatomy. ... Origin: prostato-+ G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostatovesiculectomy
<procedure> Surgical removal of the prostate gland and seminal vesicles. ... Synonym: prostatoseminalvesiculectomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostatovesiculitis
Inflammation of the prostate gland and seminal vesicles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prosthecae
A cytoplasmic extrusion often forming a distinct appendage, bounded by the cell wall such as a bud, hypha, or stalk. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

prostheon
Synonym for prosthion ... The most anterior point on the maxillary alveolar process in the midline. ... Synonym: alveolar point, prostheon. ... Origin: G. Ntr. Of prosthios, foremost ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostheses and implants
Artificial substitutes for body parts, and materials inserted into tissue for functional, cosmetic, or therapeutic purposes. Prostheses can be functional, as in the case of artificial arms and legs, or cosmetic, as in the case of an artificial eye. Implants, all surgically inserted or grafted into the body, tend to be used therapeutically. Implants …

prosthesis
<orthopaedics, surgery> An artificial substitute for a missing body part, such as an arm or leg, eye or tooth, used for functional or cosmetic reasons or both. ... Origin: Gr. = a putting to ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

prosthesis colouring
Colouring, shading, or tinting of prosthetic components, devices, and materials. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prosthesis design
The plan and delineation of prostheses in general or a specific prosthesis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prosthesis failure
Malfunction of implantation shunts, valves, etc., and prosthesis loosening, migration, and breaking. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prosthesis fitting
The fitting and adjusting of artificial parts of the body. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prosthesis implantation
Surgical insertion of a prosthesis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prosthesis-related infections
Infections resulting from the implantation of prosthetic devices. The infections may be acquired from intraoperative contamination (early) or haematogenously acquired from other sites (late). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prosthetic
Artificial implant, as in an artificial organ or limb. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

prosthetic dentistry
Synonym for prosthodontics ... A dental specialty concerned with the restoration and maintenance of oral function by the replacement of missing teeth and structures by artificial devices or prostheses. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prosthetic group
A tightly bound nonpolypeptide structure required for the activity of an enzyme or other protein, for example the haem of haemoglobin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

prosthetic valves
Valves used to replace human valves. They are divided into mechanical and tissue valves. The tissue is divided into homografts and heterografts. There are many different types of prosthetic valves, including the Saint Jude valve, Hancock valve, Starr-Edwards valve, and Carpentier-Edwards valve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prosthetics
The art and science of making and adjusting artificial parts of the human body. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prosthetist
One skilled in constructing and fitting prostheses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prosthetophacos
Synonym: lenticulus. ... Origin: G. Prosthesis, an addition, + phakos, lens ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prosthion
The most anterior point on the maxillary alveolar process in the midline. ... Synonym: alveolar point, prostheon. ... Origin: G. Ntr. Of prosthios, foremost ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prosthodontia
Synonym: prosthodontics. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prosthodontics
A dental specialty concerned with the restoration and maintenance of oral function by the replacement of missing teeth and structures by artificial devices or prostheses. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prosthodontist
<specialist> A dentist who specialises in the replacement of missing teeth. ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

prosthokeratoplasty
The surgical technique involved in utilizing a keratoprosthesis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostitute
1. To offer, as a woman, to a lewd use; to give up to lewdness for hire. 'Do not prostitute thy daughter.' ... 2. To devote to base or unworthy purposes; to give up to low or indiscriminate use; as, to prostitute talents; to prostitute official powers. ... Origin: L. Prostitutus, p. P. Of prostituere to prostitute; pro before, forth + statuere to put …

prostitution
1. The act or practice of prostituting or offering the body to an indiscriminate intercourse with men; common lewdness of a woman. ... 2. The act of setting one's self to sale, or of devoting to infamous purposes what is in one's power; as, the prostitution of abilities; the prostitution of the press. 'Mental prostitution.' ... Origin: L. Prostitutio …

prostomial mesoderm
Mesoderm that arises in lower vertebrates by continued proliferation at the lateral lips of the blastopore. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prostrate
Lying flat on the ground. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

prostration
Absolute exhaustion. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

protactinium
<chemical> Protactinium. A radioactive element of the actinide group of metals. It has the atomic symbol pa, atomic number 91, and atomic weight 231. It decays by alpha-emission. ... Chemical name: Protactinium ... (12 Dec 1998) ...