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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

preparation
1. <pharmacology> A medicine made ready for use. ... 2. <anatomy, pathology> A specimen made ready and preserved for study. ... Origin: L. Praeparatio ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

preparative regimen
<oncology> The chemotherapy and/or radiation given to BMT patients prior to transplant to kill diseased cells and/or make space for healthy new marrow and/or suppress the immune system so graft rejection does not occur. ... (31 Dec 1997) ...

prepare
1. To fit, adapt, or qualify for a particular purpose or condition; to make ready; to put into a state for use or application; as, to prepare ground for seed; to prepare a lesson. ... 'Our souls, not yet prepared for upper light.' (Dryden) ... 2. To procure as suitable or necessary; to get ready; to provide; as, to prepare ammunition and provisions f …

prepared chalk
Purified native calcium carbonate, usually molded into cones; used as a mild astringent and antacid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prepared ipecacuanha
A fine powder to contain 2% of the total alkaloids of ipecacuanha, calculated as emetine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prepared mutton tallow
prepared suet ...

preparturient
Relating to the period before birth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prepatellar
Anterior to the patella. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prepatellar bursa
<anatomy> A bursa between the skin and the lower part of the patella. ... Synonym: bursa subcutanea prepatellaris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prepatellar bursitis
Synonym for housemaid's knee ... An adventitious occupational bursitis occurring over the tibial tuberosity, the area of contact when kneeling; not to be confused with infrapatellar bursitis. ... Synonym: prepatellar bursitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prepatent period
<microbiology> The period of time equivalent to the incubation period of parasite infections compared with microbial infections. ... It is biologically different, because the parasite is undergoing developmental stages in the host, and the prepatent period represents the time from infection until a female starts to produce eggs, and is equival …

prepenicillinase
<enzyme> Precursor of penicillinase. ... Registry number: EC 3.5.2.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

prepericardiac lymph nodes
Several small lymph nodes located between the pericardium and the sternum, in the anterior mediastinum. ... Synonym: nodi lymphatici prepericardiales. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

preperitoneal
Denoting a fatty layer between the peritoneum and the transversalis fascia in the lower anterior abdominal wall. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prephenate aminotransferase
<enzyme> From tobacco; forms l-arogenate (intermediate precursor of tyrosine and phenylalanine); l-aspartate and l-glutamate are only amino-donors ... Registry number: EC 2.6.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

prephenate dehydratase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the conversion of prephenate to phenylpyruvate with the elimination of water and carbon dioxide. In the enteric bacteria this enzyme also possesses chorismate mutase activity, thereby catalyzing the first two steps in the biosynthesis of phenylalanine. ... Chemical name: Prephenate hydro-lyase (decarboxylating …

prephenate dehydrogenase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the conversion of prephenate to p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate in the presence of NAD. In the enteric bacteria, this enzyme also possesses chorismate mutase activity, thereby catalyzing the first two steps in the biosynthesis of tyrosine. ... Chemical name: Prephenate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating) ... Registry …

prephenic acid
1-Carboxy-4-hydroxy-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1-pyruvic acid;an intermediate in the microbial conversion of shikimic acid to l-phenylalanine and l-tyrosine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prepiriform gyrus
A gyrus covering deeply placed amygdaloid nucleus; concerned with olfactory function. ... Synonym: anterior piriform gyrus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

preplacental
Before formation of a placenta. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prepollent
<anatomy, embryology> An extra first digit, or rudiment of a digit, on the preaxial side of the pollex. ... (05 Mar 1998) ...

preponderate
1. To outweigh; to overpower by weight; to exceed in weight; to overbalance. 'An inconsiderable weight, by distance from the center of the balance, will preponderate greater magnitudes.' (Glanvill) ... 2. To overpower by stronger or moral power. ... 3. To cause to prefer; to incline; to decide. 'The desire to spare Christian blood preponderates him f …

prepossess
1. To preoccupy, as ground or land; to take previous possession of. ... 2. To preoccupy, as the mind or heart, so as to preclude other things; hence, to bias or prejudice; to give a previous inclination to, for or against anything; especially, to induce a favorable opinion beforehand, or at the outset. 'It created him enemies, and prepossessed the l …

preposterous
1. Having that first which ought to be last; inverted in order. ... 2. Contrary to nature or reason; not adapted to the end; utterly and glaringly foolish; unreasonably absurd; perverted. ... See: absurd. ... Synonym: Absurd, perverted, wrong, irrational, foolish, monstrous. ... Origin: L. Praeposterus; prae = before + posterus coming after, latter. Se …

prepotent
1. Very powerful; superior in force, influence, or authority; predominant. ... 2. <biology> Characterised by prepotency. ... Origin: L. Praepotens. ... (05 Mar 1998) ...

prepotential
A gradual rise in potential between action potentials as a phasic swing in electric activity of the cell membrane, which establishes its rate of automatic activity, as in the ureter or cardiac pacemaker. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

preprocolipase
<chemical> Amino acid sequence given in first source ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

preprocollagen
The precursor of collagen that is synthesised on ribosomes; procollagen with a leader or signal sequence that directs the polypeptide chain into the vesicular space of the endoplasmic reticulum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

preprocollagenase
<enzyme> Precursor of EC 3.4.24.3 ... Registry number: EC 3.4.24.- ... Synonym: type IV preprocollagenase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

preproinsulin
The precursor protein to proinsulin. ... See: preprotein. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

preprophase
<cell biology> Rarely used term to designate an extra stage of mitosis, normally included as part of prophase. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

preproprotein
<biochemistry> A precursor to an inactive secretory proprotein. ... A preprotein is a form that contains a signal sequence that specifies its insertion into or through membranes. ... A proprotein is one that is inactive, the full function is only present when an inhibitory sequence has been removed by proteolysis. A preproprotein has both seque …

preprostate urethral sphincter
Synonym for sphincter vesicae ... The complete collar of smooth muscle cells of the neck of the urinary bladder which extend distally to surround the preprostatic sportion of the male urethra. There is not a comparable structure in the neck of the femoral bladder; the internal urethral sphincter may exist to prevent reflux of semen into bladder. ... …

preprotein
<biochemistry> A secretory protein with a signal peptide region attached. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

preprothrombin carboxylase
<enzyme> Vitamin k-dependent, membrane-bound ... Registry number: EC 4.1.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

preprourokinase
<enzyme> Consists of 431 amino acids, with the first 20 residues being a signal peptide ... Registry number: EC 3.4.21.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

prepsychotic
1. <psychology> Relating to the period antedating the onset of psychosis. ... 2. Denoting a potential for a psychotic episode, one that appears imminent under continued stress. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prepubertal
Before puberty. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prepubescent
<paediatrics> Immediately prior to the commencement of puberty. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prepubis
<anatomy> A bone or cartilage, of some animals, situated in the middle line in front of the pubic bones. ... See: pubis ... (05 Mar 1998) ...

prepuce
<anatomy> A covering fold of skin, often used alone to designate the preputium penis. ... (31 Dec 1997) ...

prepuce of clitoris
<anatomy> The external fold of the labia minora, forming a cap over the clitoris. ... Synonym: preputium clitoridis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

preputial calculus
A calculus occurring beneath the foreskin. ... Synonym: postholith. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

preputial glands
Sebaceous glands of the corona glandis and inner surface of the prepuce, which produce an odiferous substance called smegma. ... Synonym: glandulae preputiales, Tyson's glands. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

preputial sac
The space between the prepuce and the glans penis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

preputiotomy
<procedure> Incision of prepuce. ... Origin: preputium + G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

preputium
Synonym: prepuce. ... Origin: L. Praeputium ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

preputium clitoridis
Synonym for prepuce of clitoris ... <anatomy> The external fold of the labia minora, forming a cap over the clitoris. ... Synonym: preputium clitoridis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prepyloric
Anterior to or preceding the pylorus; denoting a temporary constriction of the wall of the stomach separating the fundus from the antrum during digestion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prepyloric sphincter
A band of circular muscular fibres in the wall of the stomach near the gastroduodenal pylorus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prepyloric vein
<anatomy, vein> A tributary of the right gastric vein that passes anterior to the pylorus at its junction with the duodenum. ... Synonym: vena prepylorica, Latarget's vein, Mayo's vein. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prepyramidal tract
Synonym for rubrospinal tract ... A somatotopically organised fibre bundle, relatively small in humans, arising from the red nucleus, immediately crossing in the ventral tegmental decussation, descending near the lateral surface of the brainstem into the lateral funiculus of the spinal cord at the ventral border of the lateral pyramidal tract. It te …

prerectal
Anterior to or preceding the rectum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prerectal lithotomy
<procedure> Lithotomy by an incision in the midline of the perineum anterior to anus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prereduced
Pertaining to bacteriologic media that are boiled, tubed under oxygen-free gas with chemical reducing agents and colourimetric redox indicator in stoppered tubes or bottles, and then sterilised. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prereduction phase
Synonym for premeiotic phase ... The stage of nuclear changes in the sexual cells before the reduction of the chromosomes, embracing the cell generations up to that of the spermatogonia and oogonia. ... Synonym: prereduction phase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prerenal
Anterior to a kidney. ... Origin: L. Ren, kidney ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prerenal albuminuria
Albuminuria caused by disease other than disease of the kidney or genitourinary tract. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

preretinal
Anterior to the retina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prerubral field
See: fields of Forel. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

prerubral nucleus
The gray matter of field H2. ... See: fields of Forel. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

presacral
Anterior to or preceding the sacrum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

presacral anaesthesia
Injection of local anaesthetic solution anterior to the sacrum, to block nerves as they exit from the sacral foramina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

presacral nerve
Synonym for superior hypogastric plexus ... The continuation of the aortic plexus inferior to the aortic bifurcation across the fifth lumbar vertebra into the pelvis where it divides into two hypogastric nerves at the sides of the rectum; these join the pelvic splanchnic nerves to form the inferior hypogastric plexus's supplying pelvic viscera. ... S …

presacral neurectomy
<procedure> Cutting of the presacral nerve to relieve severe dysmenorrhoea. ... Synonym: Cotte's operation, presacral sympathectomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

presacral sympathectomy
Synonym for presacral neurectomy ... <procedure> Cutting of the presacral nerve to relieve severe dysmenorrhoea. ... Synonym: Cotte's operation, presacral sympathectomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

presby-
Presbyo- ... Old age. ... See: gero-. ... Origin: G. Presbys, old man ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

presbyacousia
Synonym for presbyacusis ... Presbyacusia ... Loss of ability to perceive or discriminate sounds as a part of the aging process; the pattern and age of onset may vary. ... Synonym: presbyacousia, presbycusis. ... Origin: presby-+ G. Akousis, hearing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

presbyacusis
Presbyacusia ... Loss of ability to perceive or discriminate sounds as a part of the aging process; the pattern and age of onset may vary. ... Synonym: presbyacousia, presbycusis. ... Origin: presby-+ G. Akousis, hearing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

presbyatrics
Rarely used terms for geriatrics. ... Origin: presby-+ G. Iatreia, medical treatment ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

presbycusis
Progressive bilateral loss of hearing that occurs in the aged. Syn: senile deafness. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

presbyope
<ophthalmology> One who has presbyopia; a farsighted person. ... (05 Mar 1998) ...

presbyopia
<ophthalmology> A defect of vision consequent upon advancing age. ... It is due to rigidity of the crystalline lens, which produce difficulty of accommodation and recession of the near point of vision, so that objects very near the eyes can not be seen distinctly without the use of convex glasses. Called also presbytia. ... Source: Websters Dic …

presbyopic
Relating to or suffering from presbyopia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

presbytia
Synonym for presbyopia ... <ophthalmology> A defect of vision consequent upon advancing age. ... It is due to rigidity of the crystalline lens, which produce difficulty of accommodation and recession of the near point of vision, so that objects very near the eyes can not be seen distinctly without the use of convex glasses. Called also presbyti …

prescribe
1. To lay down authoritatively as a guide, direction, or rule of action; to impose as a peremptory order; to dictate; to appoint; to direct. To influence by long use ... 2. <pharmacology> To direct, as a remedy to be used by a patient; as, the doctor prescribed. To write or to give medical directions; to indicate remedies; as, to prescribe for …

prescribed burn
<ecology> The process of burning an area of land in order to kill certain plant species and to favor the growth of others. ... (31 Dec 1997) ...

prescription
<pharmacology> A written direction for the preparation and administration of a remedy. ... A prescription consists of the heading or superscription that is, the symbol R or the word Recipe, meaning take, the inscription, which contains the names and quantities of the ingredients, the subscription or directions for compounding and the signature …

prescription drug
A drug requiring a prescription, a physician's order. By comparison with an over-the-counter drug. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prescription fees
The charge levied on the consumer for drugs or therapy prescribed under written order of a physician or other health professional. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prescriptions, drug
Directions written for the preparation and adminstration of a drug. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

prescriptions, non-drug
Written directions for the preparation, administration, or application of a non-drug remedy. This includes prescriptions for corrective lenses, self-help and orthopedic devices, and physical therapy and rehabilitation measures. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

presecretory granule
Vesicles near the maturation face of the Golgi. ... Synonym: Golgi condensing vacuoles. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

presenile
Prior to the usual onset of senility, as in the milder, presenile dementia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

presenile dementia
Dementia of Alzheimer's disease developing before age 65. ... Synonym: Alzheimer's disease. ... Primary dementia, dementia occurring independently as a mental disorder. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

presenile spontaneous gangrene
Gangrene occurring in middle life as a result of thromboangiitis obliterans. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

presenility
Premature old age; the condition of an individual, not old in years, who displays the physical and mental characteristics of old age but not to the extent of senility. ... Origin: pre-+ L. Senilis, old ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

presenium
The period preceding old age. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

present
1. To bring or introduce into the presence of some one, especially of a superior; to introduce formally; to offer for acquaintance; as, to present an envoy to the king; (with the reciprocal pronoun) to come into the presence of a superior. 'Now there was a day when the sons of God came to present themselves before the lord.' (Job i. 6) ... 2. To exh …

present value
The worth of future receipts or costs expressed in current value. To obtain present value, an interest rate is used to discount future receipts or costs. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

presentation
1. <obstetrics> The relationship of the long axis of the foetus to that of the mother (also called lie) ... 2. The presenting part, i.e. That portion of the foetus which is touched by the examining finger through the cervix or during labour, is bounded by the girdle of resistance. ... Origin: L. Praesentatio ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

presentation, breech
Birth buttocks first. During a breech presentation, the baby's buttocks present first. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

presentation, footling
There are single-footling or double-footling presentations depending upon whether the presenting part of the baby at delivery is just one foot or both feet. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

presentation, vertex
In a vertex presentation, the top of the baby's head comes first at delivery. The vertex here refers specifically to the top of the head the word vertex in latin means a whirlpool, whirlwind, top of the mountain, or the top of the head. Why top of the head ? because the hairs on the top of the head often form a whorl, a whirl-like pattern. ... (12 D …

presentative
1. Having the right of presentation, or offering a clergyman to the bishop for institution; as, advowsons are presentative, collative, or donative. ... 2. Admitting the presentation of a clergyman; as, a presentative parsonage. ... 3. <psychology> Capable of being directly known by, or presented to, the mind; intuitive; directly apprehensible, …

presentee
One to whom something is presented; also, one who is presented; specifically, one presented to benefice. ... Origin: F. Presente. ... (05 Mar 1998) ...

presenting symptom
The complaint offered by the patient as the main reason for seeking medical care; usually synonymous with chief complaint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

presently
1. at present; at this time; now. ... 'The towns and forts you presently have.' (Sir P. Sidney) ... 2. at once; without delay; forthwith; also, less definitely, soon; shortly; before long; after a little while; by and by. With actual presence; actually. ... (05 Mar 1998) ...

preservation
The act or process of preserving, or keeping safe; the state of being preserved, or kept from injury, destruction, or decay; security; safety; as, preservation of life, fruit, game, etc.; a picture in good preservation. ... Origin: F. Preservation. ... (05 Mar 1998) ...

preservative
<pharmacology> A chemical additive to food to prevent spoilage. ... (05 Mar 1998) ...