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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


potassium thiocyanate
Formerly used in the treatment of essential hypertension and as a reagent in the detection of copper, iron, and silver. ... Synonym: potassium rhodanate, potassium sulfocyanate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

potassium-40
A naturally occurring (0.0117%) radioactive potassium isotope; beta emitter with half-life of 1.26 billion years; chief source of natural radioactivity of living tissue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

potassium-42
An artificial potassium isotope; beta emitter with half-life of 12.36 hr, used as a tracer in studies of potassium distribution in body fluid compartments and in localization of brain tumours. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

potassium-43
An artificial potassium isotope; a beta emitter with a half-life of 22.3 hr, used as a tracer in myocardial perfusion studies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

potassium, dietary
Potassium or potassium compounds used in foods or as foods. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

potato
Origin: Sp. Patata potato, batata sweet potato, from the native American name (probably batata) in Hayti. ... <botany> A plant (Solanum tuberosum) of the Nightshade family, and its esculent farinaceous tuber, of which there are numerous varieties used for food. It is native of South America, but a form of the species is found native as far nor …

potato dextrose agar
A culture medium used extensively for the cultivation of fungi; especially good for development of conidia and other sporulating forms by which an organism is identified microscopically. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

potato lectin
<protein> Lectin from the potato, Solanum tuberosum. Binds to N acetyl glucosaminyl residues. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

potato nose
Synonym for rhinophyma ... A manifestation of severe acne rosacea resulting in significant enlargement of the nose and occurring primarily in men. It is caused by hypertrophy of the sebaceous glands and surrounding connective tissue. The nose is reddened and marked with numerous telangiectasias. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

potato tumour of neck
A firm nodular mass in the neck, usually a carotid body tumour (chemodectoma). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

potatoes
Solanum tuberosum, one of the annual, herbaceous, poisonous solanaceae or its non-poisonous tubers which are highly nutritious as food crops of the temperate regions. The plant yields starch and other nutrients, a number of enzymes, alkaloids, and lectins; the berries are very toxic. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

potency
Power, especially: ... 1. <gynaecology> The ability of the male to perform sexual intercourse. ... 2. <pharmacology> The power of a medicinal agent to produce the desired effects. ... 3. <anatomy> The ability of an embryonic part to develop and complete its destiny. ... Origin: L. Potentia = power ... (14 May 1997) ...

potent
1. Producing great physical effects; forcible; powerful' efficacious; as, a potent medicine. 'Harsh and potent injuries.' 'Moses once more his potent rod extends.' (Milton) ... 2. Having great authority, control, or dominion; puissant; mighty; influential; as, a potent prince. 'A potent dukedom.' 'Most potent, grave, and reverend signiors.' (Shak)
potential
Existing and ready for action but not yet active. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

potential energy
<chemistry> Energy due to position, it is stored energy which can be used to do work. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

potentiation
<physiology> Increase in quantal release at a synapse following repetitive stimulation. Whereas facilitation at synapses lasts a few hundred milliseconds, potentiation may last minutes to hours. ... <pharmacology> The synergistic action of two drugs, being greater than the sum of the effects of each used alone. ... Origin: L. Potentia = p …

potentiator
In chemotherapy, a drug used in combination with other drugs to produce deliberate potentiation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

potentiometer
<physics> An instrument for measuring or comparing electrial potentials or electromotive forces. ... (12 Mar 1998) ...

potentiometric titration
A titration during which the pH is continually measured with some value of the pH serving as end point. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

potentiometry
Solution titration in which the end point is read from the electrode-potential variations with the concentrations of potential determining ions. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

potexvirus
A genus of plant viruses that cause mosaic and ringspot symptoms. Transmission occurs mechanically. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pothole
1. <ecology> A roundish depression in a road surface, bed of a stream or wetland caused by local erosion. ... 2. <geology> A deep cavity within a rock formation having its opening at the upper surface. ... (12 Mar 1998) ...

Potomac horse fever
Synonym for equine monocytic ehrlichiosis ... <veterinary> A febrile disease of horses in North America caused by Ehrlichia risticii and characterised by anorexia, leukopenia, and occasional diarrhoea. ... Synonym: Potomac horse fever. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pott, Sir Percivall
<person> English surgeon, 1713-1788. ... See: Pott's abscess, Pott's aneurysm, Pott's curvature, Pott's disease, Pott's fracture, Pott's gangrene, Pott's paralysis, Pott's paraplegia, Pott's puffy tumour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pott's abscess
Tuberculous abscess of the spine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pott's aneurysm
Synonym for aneurysmal varix ... Dilation and tortuosity of a vein resulting from an acquired communication with an adjacent artery. ... Synonym: Pott's aneurysm, varix anastomoticus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pott's curvature
Synonym for angular curvature ... A gibbous deformity, i.e., a sharp angulation of the spine, occurring in Pott's disease. ... Synonym: Pott's curvature. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pott's fracture
Fracture of the lower part of the fibula and of the malleolus of the tibia, with outward displacement of the foot. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pott's gangrene
Synonym for senile gangrene ... Dry gangrene occurring in the aged in consequence of occlusion of an artery, particularly affecting the extremities. ... Synonym: Pott's gangrene. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pott's paralysis
Synonym for Pott's paraplegia ... Paralysis of the lower part of the body and the extremities, due to pressure on the spinal cord as the result of tuberculous spondylitis. ... Synonym: Pott's paralysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pott's paraplegia
Paralysis of the lower part of the body and the extremities, due to pressure on the spinal cord as the result of tuberculous spondylitis. ... Synonym: Pott's paralysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pott's puffy tumour
A circumscribed swelling of the scalp indicating an underlying osteitis of the skull or an extradural abscess. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

potter
1. One whose occupation is to make earthen vessels. 'The potter heard, and stopped his wheel.' (Longfellow) ... 2. One who hawks crockery or earthenware. ... 3. One who pots meats or other eatables. ... 4. <zoology> The red-bellied terrapin. See Terrapin. ... <medicine> Potter's asthma, a small solitary wasp (Eumenes fraternal) which constr …

potter syndrome
<radiology> I autosomal recessive (infantile) polycystic disease, microscopic (1-mm) cysts, ultrasound: with or without increased echo, no gross cysts, II multicystic dysplastic kidney (renal dysplasia), ultrasound: multiple cysts, usually unilateral, III autosomal dominant (adult) polycystic disease, usually not present until adult life, ult …

Potter-Bucky diaphragm
Synonym for Bucky diaphragm ... In radiography, a diaphragm with a moving grid that avoids grid shadows. ... Synonym: Potter-Bucky diaphragm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Potter, Edith
<person> U.S. Perinatal pathologist, *1901. ... See: Potter's disease, Potter's facies, Potter's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Potter, Irving White
<person> U.S. Obstetrician, 1868-1956. ... See: Potter's version. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Potter's disease
Synonym for Potter's facies ... Characteristic facies seen in bilateral renal agenesis and other severe renal malformations, exhibiting ocular hypertelorism, low-set ears, receding chin, and flattening of the nose. ... See: Potter's syndrome. ... Synonym: Potter's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Potter's facies
Characteristic facies seen in bilateral renal agenesis and other severe renal malformations, exhibiting ocular hypertelorism, low-set ears, receding chin, and flattening of the nose. ... See: Potter's syndrome. ... Synonym: Potter's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Potter's syndrome
<syndrome> Renal agenesis with hypoplastic lungs and associated neonatal respiratory distress, haemodynamic instability, acidosis, cyanosis, oedema, and characteristic (Potter's) facies; death usually occurs from respiratory insufficiency, which develops before uraemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Potter's version
An obsolete term for a version in which both feet are brought down until the buttocks are delivered, the back is then rotated to an anterior position, the arms and shoulders are delivered by twisting and downward movements. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pottle
1. A liquid measure of four pints. ... 2. A pot or tankard. 'A dry pottle of sack before him.' (Sir W. Scott) ... 3. A vessel or small basket for holding fruit. 'He had a . . . Pottle of strawberries in one hand.' (Dickens) Pottle draught, taking a pottle of liquor at one draught. ... Origin: OE. Potel, OF. Potel, dim. Of pot. See Pot. ... Source: Webs …

Potts, Willis
<person> U.S. Paediatric surgeon, 1895-1968. ... See: Potts' anastomosis, Potts' clamp, Potts' operation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Potts' anastomosis
Synonym for Potts' operation ... Direct side-to-side anastomosis between aorta and pulmonary artery as a palliative procedure in congenital malformation of the heart. ... Synonym: Potts' anastomosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Potts' clamp
A fine-toothed, multiple-point, vascular fixation clamp that imparts limited trauma to the vessel while securely holding it. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Potts' operation
Direct side-to-side anastomosis between aorta and pulmonary artery as a palliative procedure in congenital malformation of the heart. ... Synonym: Potts' anastomosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

potyviridae
A family of RNA plant viruses with flexuous, filamentous particles and consisting of three genera: potyvirus, rymovirus, and bymovirus. A fourth genus, ipomovirus, is possible. All members of the family form cytoplasmic cylindrical inclusion bodies during infection. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

potyvirus
A large genus of plant viruses of the family potyviridae which infect mainly plants of the solanaceae. Transmission is primarily by aphids in a non-persistent manner. The type species is potato virus y. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

POU domain
<molecular biology> A conserved protein domain of around 150 amino acids, composed of a 20 amino acid homeobox domain and a larger POU specific domain and so is the target of some transcription factors. ... Named POU (Pit Oct Unc) after 3 such proteins: Pit 1 regulates expression of certain pituitary genes, Oct 1 and 2, that bind an octamer se …

pouch
1. A small bag; usually, a leathern bag; as, a pouch for money; a shot pouch; a mail pouch, etc. ... 2. That which is shaped like, or used as, a pouch; as: A protuberant belly; a paunch; so called in ridicule. ... <medicine> A cyst or sac containing fluid. ... <botany> A silicle, or short pod, as of the shepherd's purse. ... A bulkhead in t …

pouch of Douglas
Synonym for rectouterine pouch ... <anatomy> A pocket formed by the deflection of the peritoneum from the rectum to the uterus. ... Synonym: excavatio rectouterina, cavum douglasi, cul-de-sac, Douglas' cul-de-sac, Douglas' pouch, pouch of Douglas, rectovaginouterine pouch. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pouch, pavlov
at different points along the dogs' digestive tracts, the russian physiologist ivan petrovich pavlov (1848-1936) surgically created pockets ( pavlov pouches ) from which he could obtain secretions, the aim being to study the physiology of the digestive tract. He did so from the salivary glands down to the stomach, liver and pancreas with considerab …

pouchitis
Acute inflammation of intestinal mucosa seen in an ileal reservoir that may extend transmurally, occurring as a late complication of restorative proctocolectomy (proctocolectomy, restorative), possibly due to obstruction and stercoral ulceration. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

poudrage
1. Powdering. ... Synonym: talc operation. ... Origin: F. ... Pleural poudrage, covering the opposing pleural surfaces with a slightly irritating powder in order to secure adhesion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

poultry diseases
Diseases of birds which are raised as a source of meat or eggs for human consumption and are usually found in barnyards, hatcheries, etc. The concept is differentiated from bird diseases which is for diseases of birds not considered poultry and usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

poultry handler's disease
Extrinsic allergic alveolitis similar to bird-breeder's lung, caused by inhalation of particulate emanations from domesticated fowl such as chickens and turkeys. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

poultry products
Food products manufactured from poultry. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

poultryman's itch
Eruption due to infestation with the mite, Dermanyssus gallinae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pounce
1. A fine powder, as of sandarac, or cuttlefish bone, formerly used to prevent ink from spreading on manuscript. ... 2. Charcoal dust, or some other coloured powder for making patterns through perforated designs, used by embroiderers, lace makers, etc. Pounce box, a box for sprinkling pounce. Pounce paper, a transparent paper for tracing. ... Origin: …

pound force
(sometimes abbreviated lb(f)) A force which will accelerate one pound mass at a rate of 32.2 ft/second(2). ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

pound of steam
One pound mass of water converted to steam. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

Poupart, Francois
<person> French anatomist, 1616-1708. ... See: Poupart's ligament, Poupart's line. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Poupart's line
A vertical line passing through the centre of the inguinal ligament on either side; it marks off the hypochondriac, lumbar, and iliac from the epigastric, umbilical, and hypogastric regions, respectively. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pouter
<zoology> A variety of the domestic pigeon remarkable for the extent to which it is able to dilate its throat and breast. ... (11 Mar 1998) ...

poverty
1. The quality or state of being poor or indigent; want or scarcity of means of subsistence; indigence; need. 'Swathed in numblest poverty.' 'The drunkard and the glutton shall come to poverty.' (Prov. Xxiii. 21) ... 2. Any deficiency of elements or resources that are needed or desired, or that constitute richness; as, poverty of soil; poverty of th …

poverty areas
City, urban, rural, or suburban areas which are characterised by severe economic deprivation and by accompanying physical and social decay. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

povidone
<chemical> 1-ethenyl-2-pyrrolidinone homopolymer. A polyvinyl polymer of variable molecular weight; used as suspending and dispersing agent and vehicle for pharmaceuticals; also used as blood volume expander. ... Pharmacological action: pharmaceutic aid, plasma substitutes. ... Chemical name: 2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-ethenyl-, homopolymer ... (12 Dec …

povidone-iodine
<chemical> A water soluble complex of iodine with polyvinylpyrrolidone. Applied as an antiseptic in the form of solutions or ointments, it releases iodine. Used in cleansing and disinfecting the skin, preparing the skin preoperatively, and treating infections susceptible to iodine. ... 1-ethenyl-2-pyrrolidone homopolymer complexed with iodine. …

Powassan encephalitis
<neurology, paediatrics> An acute disease of children varying clinically from undifferentiated febrile illness to encephalitis. ... It is caused by the Powassan virus, a member of the Flaviviridae family, and transmitted by ixodid ticks; most frequently seen in Canada. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Powassan virus
<virology> A virus of the genus Flavivirus (family Flaviviridae), transmitted by ixodid ticks and causing Powassan encephalitis in children; also capable of producing meningoencephalomyelitis in rabbits and children. ... Origin: Powassan, Canada, where first isolated ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

powder
1. The fine particles to which any dry substance is reduced by pounding, grinding, or triturating, or into which it falls by decay; dust. 'Grind their bones to powder small.' (Shak) ... 2. An explosive mixture used in gunnery, blasting, etc.; gunpowder. See Gunpowder. Atlas powder, Baking powder, etc. See Atlas, Baking, etc. Powder down, a boy forme …

powder-posted
Affected with dry rot; reduced to dust by rot. See Dry rot, under Dry. ... (01 Mar 1998) ...

powdered gold
Gold formed by atomizing or by chemical precipitation, lightly precondensed, and wrapped with gold foil so as to form pellets. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

powdered ipecac
A form of ipecac used in the preparation of ipecac syrup ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

powdered opium
Dried and finely powdered opium containing 10% morphine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

powdered stomach
The dried and powdered defatted wall of the stomach of the hog, Sus scrofa; it contains thermolabile factors including native vitamin B12 and intrinsic factor; has been used in the treatment of pernicious anaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

powders
Substances made up of an aggregation of small particles, as that obtained by grinding or trituration of a solid drug. In pharmacy it is a form in which substances are administered. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

power
1. Ability, regarded as put forth or exerted; strength, force, or energy in action; as, the power of steam in moving an engine; the power of truth, or of argument, in producing conviction; the power of enthusiasm. The agent exercising an ability to act; an individual invested with authority; an institution, or government, which exercises control; a …

power failure
Synonym: pump failure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

power injector
An injector for rapid contrast medium injection in angiography or computed tomography. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

power plants
Units that convert some form of energy into electrical energy, such as hydroelectric or steam-generating stations, diesel-electric engines in locomotives, or nuclear power plants. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

power point
In dentistry, the vertical dimension at which the greatest masticatory force may be registered. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

power source
Devices that supply energy. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

powerful
1. Full of power; capable of producing great effects of any kind; potent; mighty; efficacious; intense; as, a powerful man or beast; a powerful engine; a powerful argument; a powerful light; a powerful vessel. 'The powerful grace that lies In herbs, plants, stones, and their true qualities.' (Shak) ... 2. <chemical> Large; capacious; said of v …

powpow
1. A priest, or conjurer, among the North American Indians. 'Be it sagamore, sachem, or powwow.' (Longfellow) ... 2. Conjuration attended with great noise and confusion, and often with feasting, dancing, etc, performed by Indians for the cure of diseases, to procure success in hunting or in war, and for other purposes. ... 3. Hence: Any assembly char …

pox
<medicine> Strictly, a disease by pustules or eruptions of any kind, but chiefly or wholly restricted to three or four diseases, the smallpox, the chicken pox, and the vaccine and the venereal diseases. ... Pox, when used without an epithet, as in imprecations, formerly signified smallpox; but it now signifies syphilis. ... Origin: For pocks, O …

Poxviridae
<virology> Class I viruses with double stranded DNA genome that codes for more than 30 polypeptides. ... They are the largest viruses and their shell is complex, consisting of many layers and includes lipids and enzymes, amongst which is a DNA dependent RNA polymerase. Uniquely among the DNA viruses they multiply in the cytoplasm of the cell, …

poxviridae infections
Virus diseases caused by the poxviridae. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

poxvirus
Any virus of the family Poxviridae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

poxvirus officinalis
Synonym for vaccinia virus ... <molecular biology, virology> DNA viruses used in several biotechnology applications, including expression vector systems. Because they can hold quite a lot of DNA, they can be used to make more than one protein at once in a cell, which can be useful for making proteins with more than one polypeptide chain. ... (1 …

Pozzi
Samuel J., French gynecologist and anatomist, 1846-1918. ... See: Pozzi's muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pozzi's muscle
extensor digitorum brevis muscle of hand ...

PP
<abbreviation> Pyrophosphate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pp46
Synonym for neuromodulin ... <protein> Protein associated with actively growing axons, especially in the growth cone. Binds calmodulin, is phosphorylated by protein kinase C. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

pp60
<molecular biology> The phosphoprotein (60 kD) encoded by the src oncogene. A tyrosine kinase. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

pp65 protein
<protein> A protein made by a cytomegalovirus which prevents the cell that the virus has infected from displaying fragments of viral proteins, called antigens, on the cells surface. In this way the cytomegalovirus is able to evade the bodys immune system, more or less permanently. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

ppb
<abbreviation> Parts per billion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

PPCA
<abbreviation> Proserum prothrombin conversion accelerator. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

PPCF
<abbreviation> Plasmin prothrombins conversion factor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

PPD
<abbreviation> Purified protein derivative of tuberculin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...